Thermoplastic compositions include: a. from about 30 wt% to about 60 wt% of a polycarbonate homopolymer component; b. from about 25 wt% to about 35 wt% of a polycarbonate-siloxane copolymer; c. from about 20 wt% to about 50 wt% of an additional polycarbonate copolymer; and d. from about 0.0125 wt% to about 0.0175 wt% of a borate salt. The combined weight percent value of all components does not exceed 100 wt%, and all weight percent values are based on the total weight of the composition. A housing for an outdoor-mounted article and a method for making a housing for an outdoor-mounted article are also described.
C08L 69/00 - Compositions contenant des polycarbonatesCompositions contenant des dérivés des polycarbonates
B29C 45/00 - Moulage par injection, c.-à-d. en forçant un volume déterminé de matière à mouler par une buse d'injection dans un moule ferméAppareils à cet effet
B29D 99/00 - Matière non prévue dans les autres groupes de la présente sous-classe
2.
FLAME RETARDANT POLYCARBONATE COMPOSITIONS WITH IMPROVED HEAT RESISTANCE
Thermoplastic compositions include: a. from about 10 wt% to about 90 wt% of a polycarbonate homopolymer component; b. from about 1 wt% to about 90 wt% of a polycarbonate copolymer component; c. from about 1 wt% to about 15 wt% of a flame retardant component including a spirocyclophosphazene flame retardant additive; and d. from about 0.05 wt% to about 15 wt% of at least one additional additive. The compositions have improved UL94 flame retardant ratings and high heat distortion temperature (HDT) properties.
Thermoplastic compositions include: a. from about 1 wt% to about 70 wt% of a polycarbonate homopolymer component; b. from about 10 wt% to about 40 wt% of a polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) component; c. from about 5 wt% to about 30 wt% of a polycarbonate copolymer component; and d. from about 1 wt% to about 15 wt% of a flame retardant component comprising a cyclic phosphazene compound having an oxaphosphorin ring-containing structure. The compositions have improved heat resistance and flame retardant properties.
A polyetherimide composition includes 60-100 wt% of a polyetherimide component, and 0-40 wt% of a polyester-carbonate; 1-10 wt% of a cyclic phenylphenoxy phosphazene of the formula (I) wherein n is an integer of 3-8; R1and R21-81-86-206-201-66-206-20 aryl, or R1and R21-61-6 alkyl group or a carbonyl group, a and b are each independently an integer of 0-4, and each phosphazene unit is the same or different; wherein a molded sample of the polyetherimide composition has a UL 94 V0 rating at a thickness of greater than or equal to 0.6 mm
Thermoplastic compositions include: a) from about 30 wt% to about 60 wt% of at least one crystalline or semi-crystalline polymer; b) from about 5 wt% to about 20 wt% of at least one polycarbonate-siloxane copolymer; and c) from greater than 5 wt% to less than 25 wt% of a polyetherimide (PEI) polymer. The combined weight percent value of all components does not exceed 100 wt%, and all weight percent values are based on the total weight of the composition. The compositions have low warpage and good chemical resistance properties.
C08L 67/02 - Polyesters dérivés des acides dicarboxyliques et des composés dihydroxylés
C08G 64/10 - Polycarbonates aromatiques ne contenant pas d'insaturations aliphatiques contenant des atomes autres que le carbone, l'hydrogène ou l'oxygène contenant des halogènes
C08G 77/448 - Polymères séquencés ou greffés contenant des segments de polysiloxanes contenant des segments de polycarbonates
6.
Thermoplastic Compositions Having High Metal Bonding Force for NMT Applications
Thermoplastic compositions include: from about 10 wt % to about 80 wt % of a chemically recycled polyester component; from about 10 wt % to about 60 wt % of a reinforcing filler; and from about 5 wt % to about 20 wt % of a polycarbonate component. The thermoplastic composition has an improved metal bonding strength as compared to a comparative composition that includes a virgin polyester component instead of the chemically recycled polyester component. Methods for forming thermoplastic compositions are also described.
Thermoplastic compositions include: a) from about 30 wt% to about 75 wt% of a polymer base resin including polycarbonate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyamine, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetherimide, polyphenylene oxide, copolymers thereof, or a combination thereof; b) from about 5 wt% to about 20 wt% of a carbon fiber having a tensile modulus of at least 200 GPa; c) from about 5 wt% to about 45 wt% of a first reinforcing filler including a flat glass fiber, a round glass fiber, or a combination thereof; and d) from about 0.1 wt% to about 2 wt% of at least one additional additive. The composition has a density of no more than 1.60 g/cm3, a flexural modulus of at least 12 GPa, and an EMI shielding effectiveness of no more than 35 dB at a frequency of from 1 GHz to 6 GHz.
C08L 65/00 - Compositions contenant des composés macromoléculaires obtenus par des réactions créant une liaison carbone-carbone dans la chaîne principaleCompositions contenant des dérivés de tels polymères
C08L 67/00 - Compositions contenant des polyesters obtenus par des réactions créant une liaison ester carboxylique dans la chaîne principaleCompositions contenant des dérivés de tels polymères
C08L 69/00 - Compositions contenant des polycarbonatesCompositions contenant des dérivés des polycarbonates
C08L 71/00 - Compositions contenant des polyéthers obtenus par des réactions créant une liaison éther dans la chaîne principaleCompositions contenant des dérivés de tels polymères
C08L 77/00 - Compositions contenant des polyamides obtenus par des réactions créant une liaison amide carboxylique dans la chaîne principaleCompositions contenant des dérivés de tels polymères
8.
POLYCARBONATE COMPOSITION, METHOD FOR THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF, AND ARTICLES PREPARED THEREFROM
A polycarbonate composition includes particular amounts of a polycarbonate, a polycarbonate-siloxane copolymer, a triazine-containing UV absorbing agent, and phosphazene flame retardant. The composition can provide a desirable combination of properties. Methods for the manufacture of the composition and articles including the composition are also disclosed.
A multilayer part consists of: a first layer having a thickness greater than 0.8 mm consisting of a first polymer and from about 0.1 wt. % to about 30 wt. % of a first electrically conductive carbon-based filler component; a second layer disposed adjacent a surface of the first layer consisting of a second polymer composition consisting of at least a second polymer and from about 0.01 wt. % to about 3 wt. % of a second electrically conductive carbon-based filler component; and an intervening third layer consisting of an adhesive such that the adhesive is disposed between the first layer and the second layer. A ratio of a thickness of the first layer to the second layer is from 1:1 to 20:1. The first electrically conductive carbon-based filler component consists of a different filler or combination of fillers than the second electrically conductive carbon-based filler component.
B32B 27/20 - Produits stratifiés composés essentiellement de résine synthétique caractérisée par l'emploi d'additifs particuliers utilisant des charges, des pigments, des agents thixotropiques
B32B 7/02 - Propriétés physiques, chimiques ou physicochimiques
B32B 7/12 - Liaison entre couches utilisant des adhésifs interposés ou des matériaux interposés ayant des propriétés adhésives
B32B 27/06 - Produits stratifiés composés essentiellement de résine synthétique comme seul composant ou composant principal d'une couche adjacente à une autre couche d'une substance spécifique
B32B 27/30 - Produits stratifiés composés essentiellement de résine synthétique comprenant une résine vinyliqueProduits stratifiés composés essentiellement de résine synthétique comprenant une résine acrylique
B32B 27/36 - Produits stratifiés composés essentiellement de résine synthétique comprenant des polyesters
10.
POLYAMIDE COMPOSITIONS INCLUDING A CARBON-BASED FILLER FOR MICROWAVE ABSORBERS IN AUTOMOTIVE RADAR SENSOR ADAS APPLICATIONS
A thermoplastic composition includes: a) from about 30 wt% to about 85 wt% of a polyamide resin; b) from about 1 wt% to about 25 wt% of a polycarbonate-siloxane copolymer; c) from about 5 wt% to about 40 wt% of a glass fiber; and d) a carbon filler component including d1) from greater than 0.1 wt% to less than 1 wt% carbon fiber, d2) from greater 1 wt% to less than 5 wt% carbon black, or d3) from greater than 1 wt% to less than 5 wt% multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The composition exhibits a percent Absorbed Power measured in Transmission mode of at least 70% when observed according to a Free Space method at a frequency of 77 GHz. The composition exhibits an ε' of at least 5 and an ε" of no more than 4, wherein ε' and ε" are evaluated according to a Free Space Method.
Thermoplastic compositions include: a) from about 20 wt% to about 50 wt% of a PPS (polyphenylene sulfide) polymer; b) from about 0.1 wt% to about 15 wt% of an at least partially hydrogenated hydrocarbon polymer; c) from about 25 wt% to about 50 wt% of a magnesium hydroxide filler which is surface treated with an organosilane-based coating, and which has a primary average particle size of no more than 2 pm, wherein average particle size is determined by scanning electron microscopy; and d) from about 20 wt% to about 40 wt% of a reinforcing fibrous filler. The at least partially hydrogenated hydrocarbon polymer has the chemical formula: (I) wherein n is an integer of from 2 to 8. The compositions have high voltaic tracking resistance and improved impact strength.
C08L 53/02 - Compositions contenant des copolymères séquencés possédant au moins une séquence d'un polymère obtenu par des réactions ne faisant intervenir que des liaisons non saturées carbone-carboneCompositions contenant des dérivés de tels polymères contenant des monomères vinylaromatiques et des diènes conjugués
C08K 9/06 - Ingrédients traités par des substances organiques par des composés contenant du silicium
A thermoplastic composition comprises: a poly(arylene ether) composition comprising a poly(arylene ether) and optionally, a poly(arylene ether siloxane); one or more hydrogenated block copolymers derived from an alkenyl aromatic monomer comprising styrene and a conjugated diene, an organophosphorus flame retardant present in an amount effective to provide at least 0.9 wt% phosphorus, based on the total weight of the thermoplastic composition; wherein a sample of the composition has a laser transmittance of greater than 10% at a wavelength of 980 nm and a sample thickness of 2.0 mm, a UL94 5VA rating at a thickness of 2.0 mm, a UL94 5VB rating at a thickness of 2.0 mm, and a UL94 rating of V0 at a thickness of 1.5 mm or less, and an f1 rating according to the UL746C standard, and wherein the composition comprises 0 to 1000 ppm carbon black. The thermoplastic compositions are suitable for laser welding.
C08L 53/02 - Compositions contenant des copolymères séquencés possédant au moins une séquence d'un polymère obtenu par des réactions ne faisant intervenir que des liaisons non saturées carbone-carboneCompositions contenant des dérivés de tels polymères contenant des monomères vinylaromatiques et des diènes conjugués
Thermoplastic compositions including a poly(arylene ether) composition, one or more hydrogenated block copolymers derived from an alkenyl aromatic monomer comprising styrene and a conjugated diene, an organophosphorus flame retardant, and optional components can have a UL94 5VA rating at a thickness of 1.5 mm or less, a UL94 5VB rating at a thickness of 1.5 mm or less, and a UL94 rating of V0 at a thickness of 1.5 mm or less, and a notched impact strength of at least 168 J/m at 23 °C according to ASTM D256, or a heat deflection temperature of 130 °C or greater when measured at a force of 0.45 megapascals according to ASTM D638, or a combination thereof.
C08L 53/02 - Compositions contenant des copolymères séquencés possédant au moins une séquence d'un polymère obtenu par des réactions ne faisant intervenir que des liaisons non saturées carbone-carboneCompositions contenant des dérivés de tels polymères contenant des monomères vinylaromatiques et des diènes conjugués
A polycarbonate composition includes particular amounts of a bisphenol A homopolycarbonate, a first polycarbonate-siloxane copolymer having a siloxane content of 4 to 10 weight percent, based on the total weight of the first polycarbonate-siloxane copolymer, and a second polycarbonate-siloxane copolymer having a siloxane content of greater than 30 to 70 weight percent, based on the total weight of the second polycarbonate-siloxane copolymer. The composition can provide a desirable combination of properties, including good flame performance, chemical resistance, and aesthetic properties.
A method for the preparation of a 3-nitro-N—(C1-13 alkyl)phthalimide composition comprises reacting a 3-nitro phthalic acid to provide 3-nitro-phthalic anhydride, optionally in the presence of a solvent, and reacting 3-nitro-phthalic anhydride with a C1-13 alkylamine optionally in the presence of a solvent to provide the 3-nitro-N—(C1-13 alkyl)phthalimide composition comprising 3-nitro-N—(C1-13 alkyl)phthalimide and optionally, 4-nitro-N—(C1-13 alkyl)phthalimide. The 3-nitro-N—(C1-13 alkyl)phthalimide composition can have undetectable levels of 4-nitro-N—(C1-13 alkyl)phthalimide, and consequently, polyetherimides ultimately derived from the 3-nitro-N—(C1-13 alkyl)phthalimide composition can be enriched in 3,3′ linkages and/or exclude 3,4′ and 4′4 linkages. The polyetherimides disclosed can have improved flow and a decreased yellowness index.
Thermoplastic compositions include: from 35 wt% to 59 wt% of at least one polyethylene polymer; from 25 wt% to 45 wt% of at least one graphite filler; and from 16 wt% to 22 wt% of at least one carbon black filler having a BET surface area of at most 600 square meters per gram (m2/g) as determined in accordance with ASTM D3037, an oil absorption number (OAN) of at most 300 ml/ 100g as determined in accordance with ASTM D2414, and an iodine absorption of at most 600 mg/g as determined in accordance with ASTM D1510. The composition has a volume electrical resistivity of at most 1.65 ohm. centimeter (ohm.cm), and a capillary melt viscosity of at most 3300 Pascal-seconds (Pa s) at a temperature of 280 °C and a shear rate of 100 reciprocal seconds (1/s).
A composition includes particular amounts of a polyphenylene ether, a polystyrene, an impact modifier, and a halogenated flame retardant. The composition, after foaming with a blowing agent, has a density of less than 0.5 g/cm3. Methods of making the compositions and articles including the composition are also described.
C08J 9/00 - Mise en œuvre de substances macromoléculaires pour produire des matériaux ou objets poreux ou alvéolairesLeur post-traitement
C08F 232/00 - Copolymères de composés cycliques ne contenant pas de radicaux aliphatiques non saturés dans une chaîne latérale et contenant une ou plusieurs liaisons doubles carbone-carbone dans un système carbocyclique
C08L 53/02 - Compositions contenant des copolymères séquencés possédant au moins une séquence d'un polymère obtenu par des réactions ne faisant intervenir que des liaisons non saturées carbone-carboneCompositions contenant des dérivés de tels polymères contenant des monomères vinylaromatiques et des diènes conjugués
A sulfonated poly(phenylene ether) comprises phenylene ether repeating units and has a degree of sulfonation of 20 to 50% and a sulfonyl chloride (—SO2Cl):sulfonic acid (—SO3H) molar ratio of less than or equal to 0.06. The sulfonated poly(phenylene ether) can be used in a membrane such as for gas and ion exchange-based separations. Methods for the manufacture of the sulfonated poly(phenylene ether) are also described.
C08G 65/48 - Polymères modifiés par post-traitement chimique
B01D 71/82 - Matériaux macromoléculaires non prévus spécifiquement dans un seul des groupes caractérisés par la présence de groupes déterminés, p. ex. introduits par un post-traitement chimique
19.
Polyphenylene Ether Composition With Excellent Flammability and Dielectric Properties
Disclosed herein are compositions comprising: from about 35 wt. % to about 85 wt. % of a polyphenylene ether component; from about 1 wt. % to about 55 wt. % of a polystyrene component; and from about 5 wt. % to about 25 wt. % of a flame retardant agent comprising an aromatic phosphoric ester comprising a compound according to Formula I, wherein each occurrence of R may be independently unsubstituted or substituted C1-C12 hydrocarbyl and at least one R is not unsubstituted; n has an average value of 1 or more, wherein the combined weight percent value of all components does not exceed 100 wt. % based on the total weight of the composition. The composition exhibits at least a V1 flame rating at 1.5 mm measured according to UL 94 and a dissipation factor less than 0.002 when tested using a split post dielectric resonator and network analyzer.
Disclosed herein are compositions comprising: from about 35 wt. % to about 85 wt. % of a polyphenylene ether component; from about 1 wt. % to about 55 wt. % of a polystyrene component; and from about 5 wt. % to about 25 wt. % of a flame retardant agent comprising an aromatic phosphoric ester comprising a compound according to Formula I, wherein each occurrence of R may be independently unsubstituted or substituted C1-C12 hydrocarbyl and at least one R is not unsubstituted; n has an average value of 1 or more, wherein the combined weight percent value of all components does not exceed 100 wt. % based on the total weight of the composition. The composition exhibits at least a V1 flame rating at 1.5 mm measured according to UL 94 and a dissipation factor less than 0.002 when tested using a split post dielectric resonator and network analyzer.
A compatibilized polyamide-poly(arylene ether) composition is the product of melt-blending particular amounts of a virgin polyamide, a second polyamide, a poly(arylene ether), an impact modifier, and a compatibilizing agent. The second polyamide includes an upcycled polyamide or a post-industrial recycled polyamide and has an amine end group concentration that is less than an amine end group concentration of the virgin polyamide. The compositions can provide a desirable combination of properties. Methods for the manufacture of the compositions and articles comprising the compositions are also described.
A compatibilized polyamide-poly(arylene ether) composition is the product of melt-blending particular amounts of a virgin polyamide, a second polyamide, a poly(arylene ether), an impact modifier, and a compatibilizing agent. The second polyamide includes an upcycled polyamide or a post-industrial recycled polyamide, preferably a post-industrial mechanically recycled polyamide, and has an amine end group concentration that is less than or equal to an amine end group concentration of the virgin polyamide. The compositions can provide a desirable combination of properties. Methods for the manufacture of the compositions and articles comprising the compositions are also described.
A copolymer includes a metal salt of a sulfonated poly(arylene ether) including particular amounts of repeating units of the formulas (I) wherein Z1, Z2, and X are as defined herein. The copolymer can be particularly useful as a selectively permeable separation membrane, for example for separating an olefin from an olefin-paraffin stream.
C08G 65/48 - Polymères modifiés par post-traitement chimique
B01D 53/22 - Séparation de gaz ou de vapeursRécupération de vapeurs de solvants volatils dans les gazÉpuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p. ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par diffusion
Methods of forming a ceramic-polymer composite powders comprise: superheating a mixture of polymer, solvent, and ceramic, to dissolve the polymer in the solvent; agitating the superheated mixture while substantially maintaining the mixture at an elevated temperature and pressure; and cooling the mixture to cause the polymer to precipitate on the particles of the ceramic and thereby form a plurality of the present polymer-ceramic core-shell particles. Methods of molding a part comprise subjecting a powder of the present polymer-ceramic core-shell particles that substantially fills a mold to a first pressure while the powder is at or above a first temperature above a melting temperature (Tm) of the polymer. The ceramic can be selected from the group of ceramics consisting of: Al2O3, Fe2O3, ZnO, ZrO2, and SiO2. The polymer can be selected from the group of polymers consisting of: PC copolymers, polyetherimide (PEI), polyetherimide (PEI) copolymers, polyphenylsulfone (PPSU), polyarylethersulfone (PAES), and polyether sulfones (PES).
POLYMER-CERAMIC COMPOSITE ARTICLES WITH LOW DISSIPATION FACTOR AND HIGH DIELECTRIC CONSTANT, AND CORE-SHELL PARTICLE POWDERS AND PROCESSES FOR MAKING SUCH ARTICLES
Polymer-ceramic composite articles with relatively low dissipation factor (Df) and relatively high dielectric constant (Dk), as well as polymer-ceramic core-shell powders and pellets adapted for making such composite articles. The ceramic-polymer composites, in powder and/or pellet forms, comprise a plurality of core-shell particles, where: each of the core-shell particles comprises a core and a shell around the core; the core comprises a ceramic that is selected from the group of ceramics consisting of: BaTiO3, SrTiO3, TiO2, CaTiO3, MgTiO3, and combinations of any two or more thereof; and the shell comprises a polymer selected from the group of polymers consisting of: polyetherimide (PEI), polyetherimide (PEI) copolymers, polyphenylene ether (PPE), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyaryl ether ketone (PAEK), polypropylene (PP), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfluoroalkoxy alkane (PFA), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE). The core-shell particles can be in a powder form (e.g., a dry powder). In pellet form, shells of adjacent core-shell particles are joined to resist separation of the adjacent core-shell particles and deformation of a respective pellet. Methods of forming a ceramic- polymer composite comprise: superheating a mixture of the polymer (PEI, PEI copolymers, PPE, PPS, PAEK, PP, PTFE, PFA, FEP, ETFE, PVDF, and/or ECTFE), solvent, and the ceramic (BaTiO3, SrTiO3, TiO2, CaTiO3, and/or MgTiO3), to dissolve the polymer in the solvent; agitating the superheated mixture while substantially maintaining the mixture at an elevated temperature and pressure; and cooling the mixture to cause the polymer to precipitate on the particles of the ceramic and thereby form a plurality of the present polymer-ceramic core-shell particles. Methods of molding a part comprise subjecting a powder or pellets of the present polymer-ceramic core-shell particles that substantially fills a mold to a first pressure while the powder is at or above a first temperature above a glass transition temperature (Tg) or if no Tg then above a melting temperature (Tm) of the polymers.
A composition including a (poly)isocyanate compound and a capped poly(arylene ether) copolymer, wherein the capped poly(arylene ether) copolymer is derived from reacting a capping agent and an uncapped poly(arylene ether) copolymer comprising a phenolic end group, the uncapped poly(arylene ether) copolymer is the product of oxidative copolymerization of a monomer comprising a monohydric phenol, a dihydric phenol, or a combination thereof, and optionally a hydroxyaromatic terminated siloxane, and the capped poly(arylene ether) copolymer comprises an end group comprising an aliphatic alcohol.
C08G 18/10 - Procédés mettant en œuvre un prépolymère impliquant la réaction d'isocyanates ou d'isothiocyanates avec des composés contenant des hydrogènes actifs, dans une première étape réactionnelle
A composition includes a polyfunctional poly(arylene ether) having an end group including a linking group and a terminal functional group, wherein the terminal functional group comprises a hydroxyl group or a salt thereof, and the linking group comprises a substituted or unsubstituted saturated hydrocarbylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted saturated poly(hydrocarbylene ether) and a polyol. The composition is substantially free of a volatile organic solvent or the composition includes 0-5,000 ppm of a poly(arylene ether) comprising a linking group comprising a carbonate functional group, an ester functional group, or a combination thereof. A method for the manufacture of a polyfunctional poly(arylene ether) is also disclosed.
A polyfunctional poly(arylene ether) includes an end group including an end group, wherein the end group includes a linking group including a substituted or unsubstituted saturated hydrocarbylene or a substituted or unsubstituted saturated poly(hydrocarbylene ether), and a terminal functional group including a hydroxyl group, a salt thereof, or a combination thereof, wherein the linking group includes 0 to 5,000 ppm of a carbonate functional group, 0 to 5,000 ppm of an ester functional group, or a combination thereof.
A curable composition includes a polyfunctional poly(arylene ether) having an end group including a linking group and a terminal functional group, wherein the terminal functional group comprises a hydroxyl group or a salt thereof, and the linking group comprises a substituted or unsubstituted saturated hydrocarbylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted saturated poly(hydrocarbylene ether), a curable component, and optionally, one or more of a crosslinking agent, a curing agent, a curing catalyst, a curing initiator, or a combination thereof. The curable composition can be useful in providing cured compositions, such as thermoset compositions, for a variety of applications.
A thermoplastic polyurethane composition is formed by the reaction of a specific bifunctional poly(arylene ether) having an end group, wherein the end group comprises a linking group comprising a substituted or unsubstituted saturated hydrocarbylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted saturated poly(hydrocarbylene ether), and a terminal functional group comprising a hydroxyl group or a salt thereof, with an organic diisocyanate. The thermoplastic polyurethane compositions can exhibit improved dielectric properties. Methods for the manufacture of the thermoplastic polyurethane compositions and articles derived therefrom are also described.
A polyfunctional poly(arylene ether) includes an end group including a linking group and a terminal functional group, wherein the linking group includes a substituted or unsubstituted saturated hydrocarbylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted saturated poly(hydrocarbylene ether), and wherein the terminal functional group includes the formula -X- T, wherein each occurrence of X is independently an oxygen or substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen, and each occurrence of T is independently a reactive end group and optionally hydrogen, and wherein the polyfunctional poly(arylene ether) includes at least one reactive end group.
Thermoplastic compositions include: (a) from about 10 wt% to about 90 wt% of a polycarbonate component; (b) from about 2 wt% to about 40 wt% of a polycarbonate- siloxane (PC-Si) copolymer, wherein the PC-Si copolymer has a siloxane content of at least 25 wt%; (c) from about 2 wt% to about 15 wt% of a bisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate) (BPADP) flame retardant; and (d) from about 0.05 wt% to about 2 wt% of a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) flame retardant. The combined weight percent value of all components does not exceed 100 wt%, and all weight percent values are based on the total weight of the composition.
Thermoplastic compositions include: (a) from about 10 wt% to about 85 wt% of a mechanically recycled polycarbonate; (b) from about 2 wt% to about 15 wt% of a polycarbonate-siloxane (PC-Si) copolymer, wherein the PC-Si copolymer has a siloxane content of at least 25 wt%; (c) from about 0.1 wt% to about 20 wt% of a flame retardant component; (d) from about 0.01 wt% to about 2 wt% of an anti-drip agent comprising polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE); and (e) from greater than 0 wt% to about 10 wt% talc. The combined weight percent value of all components does not exceed 100 wt%, and all weight percent values are based on the total weight of the composition.
A polycarbonate composition comprises a linear homopolycarbonate and optionally, a styrene-containing copolymer; a poly(carbonate-siloxane) comprising about 10 wt % to less than about 30 wt % siloxane, present in amount effective to provide about 1 to about 6 wt % siloxane, based on the total weight of the composition; an ultra-high molecular weight poly dimethylsiloxane, present in an amount effective to provide greater than about 0.3 to less than about 0.9 wt % siloxane, based on the total weight of the composition; a flame retardant; and optionally, an additive composition. Molded samples of the polycarbonate compositions have a UL94 flame test rating or V-0 at a 1.5 mm thickness, exhibit anti-drip properties, and can be essentially halogen-free, i.e., the polycarbonate compositions include about 900 parts per million (ppm) or less of each of chlorine, bromine, and optionally fluorine and also include about 1500 ppm or less of total chlorine, bromine, and fluorine content.
A polycarbonate composition comprises a linear homopolycarbonate and optionally, a styrene-containing copolymer; a poly(carbonate-siloxane) including about 10 to less than about 30 wt % siloxane, present in amount effective to provide about 1 to about 6 wt % siloxane, based on the total weight of the composition; a poly(carbonate-siloxane) having about 30 to about 70 wt %, present in an amount effective to provide greater than about 0.3 wt % siloxane, based on the total weight of the composition; a flame retardant; and optionally, an additive composition. Molded samples can have a UL94 flame test rating or V-0 at one or both of 1.5 mm and 2.9 mm thickness, can exhibit anti-drip properties, and can be essentially halogen-free, i.e., the polycarbonate compositions can include about 900 ppm or less of each of chlorine, bromine, and optionally fluorine and also can include about 1500 ppm or less of total chlorine, bromine, and fluorine.
Thermoplastic compositions include: (a) from about 10 wt% to about 40 wt% of a PBT (polybutylene terephthalate) component; (b) from about 5 wt% to less than 10 wt% of a glass fiber component; (c) from about 50 wt% to about 70 wt% of a mineral filler component including aluminum silicate, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, or a combination thereof; (d) from about 0.1 wt% to about 10 wt% of an impact modifier component comprising from about 0.4 wt% to about 3.5 wt% of an ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA) and from about 0.5 wt% to about 3 wt% of an ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer (EMAGMA); and optionally a polycarbonate-siloxane copolymer component. The composition does not include a polycarbonate copolymer other than the optional polycarbonate-siloxane copolymer in element (e). The composition has a comparative tracking index number (CTI) rating of PLC-0 as determined in accordance with UL746A.
A polycarbonate composition including a linear homopolycarbonate; a branched polycarbonate; a non-fluorinated flame retardant comprising an organophosphorus flame retardant comprising a phosphorus-nitrogen bond, a poly(carbonate-siloxane) comprising greater than 10 wt% to less than or equal to 30 wt% siloxane repeating units, based on the total weight of the poly(carbonate-siloxane), a colorant composition comprising greater than 4 wt% of titanium dioxide; and optionally, an additive composition; wherein the linear homopolycarbonate, the branched polycarbonate, the non-fluorinated flame retardant, the poly(carbonate-siloxane), the colorant composition, and the optional additive composition total 100 wt%; and wherein a sample of the composition has a UL-94 flammability test rating of V-0 at a thickness of 1.5 mm or thinner.
Thermoplastic compositions include: from about 35 wt % to about 65 wt % of at least one polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) polymer; and a combination of at least two carbon-based fillers, including a first carbon-based filler including graphite and a second carbon-based filler including carbon powder, carbon nanotubes, or a combination thereof. The first carbon-based filler includes graphite in an amount from about 30 wt % to about 59 wt %. The composition exhibits a volume electrical resistivity of less than about 5 Ohm·cm as measured by ASTM D991. The combined weight percent value of all components does not exceed 100 wt %, and all weight percent values are based on the total weight of the composition. Methods for making the thermoplastic compositions are also described, including using a PPS-based masterbatch to form the compositions.
A polycarbonate composition includes particular amounts of a bisphenol A homopolycarbonate having a weight average molecular weight of 28,000 g/mol or more, determined by gel permeation chromatography relative to linear bisphenol A polycarbonate standards, and a polycarbonate-siloxane copolymer having a siloxane content of 30 to 70 weight percent, based on the total weight of the polycarbonate-siloxane copolymer. The composition can provide a desirable combination of properties, including good flame performance, chemical resistance, and aesthetic properties.
Polymer compositions include: (a) from 10 wt% to 84 wt% of at least one crystalline polymer; (b) from greater than 5 wt% to 35 wt% of a polyetherimide polymer having a refractive index value greater than that of the crystalline polymer; (c) from 10 wt% to 70 wt% of a reinforcing filler; and (d) from 0.1 wt% to 20 wt% of a phosphorous or brominated flame retardant additive. The polymer composition exhibits a light transmission greater than 40% at a thickness of 1 mm when tested using UV-VIS-IR transmission at 980 nm. The composition exhibits a moisture value less than 0.2% when tested in accordance with ISO 62 at 23 °C in water for 24 hours. A molded sample including the polymer composition exhibits a flame retardant performance of at least V2 at a thickness of 1.5 mm or less when tested in accordance with UL94.
Thermoplastic compositions include: (a) from about 20 wt% to about 60 wt% of a polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) component; (b) from about 3 wt% to about 30 wt% of a polyetherimide (PEI) component; (c) from about 5 wt% to about 25 wt% of a phosphorous flame retardant (FR) component; and (d) from about 10 wt% to about 50 wt% of a low Dk flat glass fiber. The composition has a UL94 flame retardancy rating of V0 or V1 at a thickness of 0.8 millimeter (mm) or 1.0 mm, a notched Izod impact strength of at least 100 joules per meter (J/m) as tested in accordance with ASTM D256 at 25 °C and 5 pound-force per foot (lbf/ft), or a metal bonding force of at least 20 megapascals (MPa) as tested in accordance with ISO 19095 using a TRI-treatment. Methods of forming the thermoplastic compositions are also described.
A thermoplastic composition includes 10-90 wt% of a poly(alkylene arylate); a flame retardant composition including a non-fluorinated flame retardant; 1-20 wt% of a poly(etherimide) composition comprising a poly(etherimide-siloxane) comprising 10-35 wt% siloxane repeating units in an amount effective to provide greater than or equal to 0.4 wt% of siloxane repeat units to the composition, or a poly(etherimide-siloxane) comprising greater than 35 wt% to 50 wt% siloxane repeating units in an amount effective to provide greater than or equal to 2.5 wt% of siloxane repeat units to the composition; 5-75 wt% of a reinforcing agent; and optionally, an additive composition, wherein a sample of the composition exhibits a UL-94 rating of V-1 at a thickness of 0.8 mm, or V-0 at a thickness of 0.8 mm, or V-0 at a thickness of 0.6 mm.
A thermoplastic composition comprising: a polyester,; a flame retardant composition comprising a non-fluorinated flame retardant, optionally, an auxiliary flame retardant, and optionally, an anti-drip agent; greater than or equal to 5 wt% of a polyetherimide; a reinforcing agent; optionally, an additive composition; and wherein the sum of the wt% of the polyester, the flame retardant composition, the polyetherimide, the reinforcing agent, and the optional additive composition total 100 wt%, wherein a sample of the composition exhibits a UL-94 rating of V-0 at a thickness of 0.8 mm, or 0.6 mm, more preferably wherein a sample of the composition exhibits a UL-94 rating of V-0 at a thickness of 0.4 mm, and wherein the thermoplastic composition is essentially fluorine-free.
A foamed material includes particular amounts of a poly(phenylene ether)-polysiloxane block copolymer, a polystyrene, optionally, a nucleating agent, and optionally a flame retardant. The foamed material has 20 to 100 kilograms per cubic meter, measured at 23 °C. Methods of making the foamed material and articles including the foamed material are also described.
C08J 9/00 - Mise en œuvre de substances macromoléculaires pour produire des matériaux ou objets poreux ou alvéolairesLeur post-traitement
C08G 77/46 - Polymères séquencés ou greffés contenant des segments de polysiloxanes contenant des segments de polyéthers
C08J 9/14 - Mise en œuvre de substances macromoléculaires pour produire des matériaux ou objets poreux ou alvéolairesLeur post-traitement utilisant des gaz de gonflage produits par un agent de gonflage introduit au préalable par un agent physique de gonflage organique
C08K 5/523 - Esters des acides phosphoriques, p. ex. de H3PO4 avec des composés hydroxyaryliques
Thermoplastic compositions include: from about 10 wt% to about 90 wt% of a polycarbonate component including a post-consumer recycled polycarbonate (PCR-PC); from about 5 wt% to about 20 wt% of a polycarbonate-siloxane copolymer; from about 5 wt% to about 25 wt% of a glass fiber; and from about 1 wt% to about 3 wt% of a phosphazene flame retardant. The PCR-PC has a total fries rearrangement of at least 200 parts per million (ppm) as determined by proton-nuclear magnetic resonance (proton-NMR) spectroscopy, or the PCR-PC comprises at least 0.2 mol% of a branching agent. In certain aspects the composition has a UL94 flame retardant rating of V0 at a thickness of 1.5 mm, passes a Ball Pressure Test at 125 °C, has a notched Izod impact strength of at least 10 kJ/m2 at 23 °C, and/or has a VICAT softening temperature of at least 132 °C.
A foamed material includes particular amounts of a poly(phenylene ether), a polystyrene, a nucleating agent, and optionally a flame retardant. The foamed material has 20 to 100 kilograms per cubic meter, measured at 23 °C and a closed cell content of greater than 90%. Methods of making the foamed material and articles including the foamed material are also described.
C08J 9/00 - Mise en œuvre de substances macromoléculaires pour produire des matériaux ou objets poreux ou alvéolairesLeur post-traitement
C08J 9/12 - Mise en œuvre de substances macromoléculaires pour produire des matériaux ou objets poreux ou alvéolairesLeur post-traitement utilisant des gaz de gonflage produits par un agent de gonflage introduit au préalable par un agent physique de gonflage
C08J 9/14 - Mise en œuvre de substances macromoléculaires pour produire des matériaux ou objets poreux ou alvéolairesLeur post-traitement utilisant des gaz de gonflage produits par un agent de gonflage introduit au préalable par un agent physique de gonflage organique
abcd1-361-365-445-445-44 aliphatic dicarboxylic acids and its reactive derivatives or equivalents and siloxane repeating units; or siloxane repeating units of formula (15) wherein in formula (15) each R is independently a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbyloxy group; and E has an average value of 2 to 1,000.
C08G 64/08 - Polycarbonates aromatiques ne contenant pas d'insaturations aliphatiques contenant des atomes autres que le carbone, l'hydrogène ou l'oxygène
C08G 64/16 - Polycarbonates aliphatique-aromatiques ou araliphatiques
A thermoplastic composition includes particular amounts of a poly(phenylene ether)-poly(siloxane) block copolymer reaction product, an impact modifier, an organophosphate ester flame retardant, and a second poly(phenylene ether). The composition can be useful in various articles, in particular as a component of an electric vehicle battery.
A thermoplastic composition includes particular amounts of a first polycarbonate having repeating units derived from a cyclohexylidene-bridged bisphenol and a second polycarbonate that is different from the first polycarbonate and is a recycled polycarbonate. Methods of making the composition are also disclosed. The thermoplastic composition can be particularly useful in a variety of articles.
A thermoplastic composition comprising: 75 to 98 wt % of a poly(carbonate-siloxane-arylate) and optionally a poly(carbonate-arylate); a poly(carbonate-siloxane) having 30-70 wt % siloxane content, preferably 0.5 to less than 4 wt %, based on the total weight of the poly(carbonate-siloxane) present in an amount effective to provide 0.5 to wt % siloxane units based on the total weight of the composition; a flame retardant; and optionally, 0.1 to wt % of an additive composition, wherein each amount is based on the total weight of the poly(carbonate-siloxane-arylate), optional poly(carbonate-arylate), poly(carbonate-siloxane), flame retardant, and optional additive composition, which does not exceed 100%.
Compositions include from about 50 wt % to about 85 wt % of a liquid crystal polymer resin, from about 0.1 wt % to about 15 wt % of a polyetherimide polymer, from about 0.05 wt % to about 8 wt % of a compatibilizer, and from about 2 wt % to about 25 wt % of a mineral filler. A 50 mm×60 mm sample having a thickness of 0.6 mm molded from the composition exhibits an anti-dent performance characterized by a dent depth from 30-40 micrometers as measured using a three dimensional surface profiler; the sample is tested using a drop tester with a 1.6 mm diameter steel ball having a weight of 50 grams dropped from a height of 50 mm. Articles including the composition, including components of a mobile compact camera module, are also described.
C08L 71/10 - Polyéthers dérivés de composés hydroxylés ou de leurs dérivés métalliques de phénols
B29C 48/36 - Moyens pour plastifier ou homogénéiser la matière à mouler ou pour la forcer dans la filière ou la matrice
C08G 65/38 - Composés macromoléculaires obtenus par des réactions créant une liaison éther dans la chaîne principale de la macromolécule à partir de composés hydroxylés ou de leurs dérivés métalliques dérivés des phénols
B29K 71/00 - Utilisation de polyéthers comme matière de moulage
B29K 79/00 - Utilisation comme matière de moulage d'autres polymères contenant dans la chaîne principale uniquement de l'azote avec ou sans oxygène ou carbone
Compositions include from about 65 wt% to about 90 wt% of a polypropylene resin, and from about 8 wt% to about 35 wt% of an inherently dissipative polymer (IDP). The IDP includes a polyether-polyolefin block copolymer. The composition is free, or substantially free, of carbon black. The combined weight percent value of all components does not exceed 100 wt %, all weight percent values are based on the total weight of the composition. The composition may exhibit a surface resistivity less than 9.0 ×109 Ω when tested in accordance with ANSI/ESD STM 11.13. Methods of forming the compositions are also described.
C08L 53/00 - Compositions contenant des copolymères séquencés possédant au moins une séquence d'un polymère obtenu par des réactions ne faisant intervenir que des liaisons non saturées carbone-carboneCompositions contenant des dérivés de tels polymères
C08L 87/00 - Compositions contenant des composés macromoléculaires non spécifiés, obtenus autrement que par des réactions de polymérisation ne faisant intervenir que des liaisons non saturées carbone-carbone
52.
ELECTROSTATICALLY PAINTABLE MOLDED ARTICLES AND METHOD FOR THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF
An article is molded from a thermoplastic composition including particular amounts of a poly(phenylene ether), a poly(butylene terephthalate), an impact modifier, a reactive compatibilizer, and a conductive filler including carbon nanotubes. The article is an electrostatically paintable automotive component, and exhibits a desirable combination of good conductivity and thermal stability. Methods of making the molded article are also disclosed.
B29C 48/00 - Moulage par extrusion, c.-à-d. en exprimant la matière à mouler dans une matrice ou une filière qui lui donne la forme désiréeAppareils à cet effet
B29K 67/00 - Utilisation de polyesters comme matière de moulage
B29K 71/00 - Utilisation de polyéthers comme matière de moulage
B29K 105/00 - Présentation, forme ou état de la matière moulée
Compositions include: (a) from about 55 wt% to about 89 wt% of a polycarbonate- polysiloxane copolymer; (b) from about 0.01 wt% to about 30 wt% of (i) a polycarbonate homopolymer or (ii) a cycloaliphatic polyester; and (c) from about 8 wt% to about 25 wt% of a reinforcing filler. A specimen including the composition and having a thickness of at least 2 millimeters (mm) exhibits a transmission of at least 80% as tested with a hazemeter in accordance with ISO 14782 and ISO 13468. Methods of forming the compositions are also described.
Fine polymer particles are prepared by dissolving a polycarbonate, a poly(arylene ether), or a poly(arylene ether sulfone), each in a specific solvent, to form a slurry, heating the slurry to a temperature greater than the solvent boiling point to form a homogeneous solution, cooling the solution to form a dispersion of fine particles, and isolating the fine particles. A volume-based distribution of the isolated fine particles has a median equivalent spherical diameter less than or equal to 125 micrometers.
C08F 232/08 - Copolymères de composés cycliques ne contenant pas de radicaux aliphatiques non saturés dans une chaîne latérale et contenant une ou plusieurs liaisons doubles carbone-carbone dans un système carbocyclique contenant des cycles condensés
C09D 145/00 - Compositions de revêtement à base d'homopolymères ou de copolymères de composés ne possédant pas de radicaux aliphatiques non saturés dans une chaîne latérale et contenant une ou plusieurs liaisons doubles carbone-carbone dans un système carbocyclique ou hétérocycliqueCompositions de revêtement à base de dérivés de tels polymères
56.
COMPOSITION, METHOD FOR THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF, AND ARTICLE COMPRISING THE COMPOSITION
A composition includes particular amounts of a linear polycarbonate; a branched polycarbonate; and a polycarbonate-siloxane copolymer. Methods of making the composition and articles including the composition are also described.
A thermoplastic composition includes particular amounts of a polycarbonate; a brominated polycarbonate; a poly(aliphatic ester-carbonate); a silicone-containing impact modifier; and a flame retardant. Articles including the composition and methods for the manufacture thereof are also disclosed.
Disclosed is a composition comprising from about 60 wt. % to about 99.85 wt. % of a polar polymer resin, from about 0.05 wt. % to about 20 wt. % of graphene; and from about 0.001 wt. % to about 8 wt. % of a base additive, wherein the graphene and base additive are combined in the composition to provide a modified graphene, wherein a molded sample of the composition exhibits a greater multi-axial impact strength than a reference composition in the absence of the base additive when tested in accordance with ISO 6603, wherein the combined weight percent value of all components does not exceed 100 wt. %, and all weight percent values are based on the total weight of the composition.
Thermoplastic compositions include: (a) from about 35 wt% to about 65 wt% of a polycarbonate homopolymer component; (b) from about 0.1 wt% to about 30 wt% of a polybutylene terephthalate component; (c) from about 0.1 wt% to about 5 wt% of an aluminum hydroxide oxide component; and (d) from about 0.1 wt% to about 20 wt% of a flame retardant (FR) component. The combined weight percent value of all components does not exceed 100 wt%, and all weight percent values are based on the total weight of the composition. The compositions have improved hydro-stability and low temperature impact properties.
Thermoplastic compositions include: from about 35 wt% to about 65 wt% of a polycarbonate (PC) homopolymer component; from 0 wt% to about 50 wt% of a polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) component; from about 5 wt% to about 20 wt% of a core- shell acrylic polymer component; and from about 0.1 wt% to about 20 wt% of an aromatic bromine and cyanurate flame retardant component. The composition has a total siloxane content of no greater than 2.0 wt%. In some aspects the compositions have good comparative tracking index (CTI) properties in addition to good mechanical properties such as high modulus and impact resistance.
A polycarbonate composition, including 10-80 weight percent (wt %) of a homopolycarbonate, a poly(phthalate-carbonate), or a combination thereof; 10-30 wt % of a bromine-containing polycarbonate copolymer; 5-60 wt % of a poly(carbonate-siloxan e), present in an amount effective to provide 1-10 wt % of total siloxane, based on the total weight of the polycarbonate composition; 5-30 wt % of a glass-containing reinforcing agent; optionally, up to 10 wt % of a mineral filler; optionally, an organophosphorous flame retardant in amount effective to provide up to 1.5 wt % of phosphorous, based on the total weight of the polycarbonate composition; and optionally, up to 10 wt % of an additive, wherein the amount of homopolycarbonate, poly(phthalate-carbonate, bromine-containing polycarbonate copolymer, poly(carbonate-siloxane), glass-containing reinforcing agent, optional mineral filler, optional organophosphorous flame retardant, and optional additive total 100 wt %.
A polycarbonate composition comprises: a copolycarbonate comprising repeating units derived from a cyclohexylidene-bridged bisphenol; and an auxiliary polycarbonate comprising a branched homopolycarbonate; a poly(1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate), a copolycarbonate derived from an isophorylidene-bridged bisphenol, and optionally a poly(alkylene cyclohexanedicarboxylate), poly(carbonate siloxane) having a siloxane content of less than 20 wt % based on the total weight of the poly(carbonatesiloxane), poly(aliphatic ester-carbonate) comprising bisphenol A carbonate units and C6-12 dicarboxy ester units; or a combination thereof. The polycarbonate compositions have one or more of a transparency of 89% or greater on 2.5 mm plaques according to ASTM-D1003-00; and a heat deformation temperature of at least 111° C., or at least 127° C. at 0.45 MPa or at least 98° C., or at least 110° C. at 1.82 MPa as determined on 3.18 mm bars per ASTM D648.
Polycarbonate compositions include: (a) from about 45 wt % to about 90 wt % of a polycarbonate homopolymer; (b) from about 1 wt % to about 25 wt % of a polycarbonate copolymer; (c) from about 0.1 wt % to about 20 wt % of a first flame retardant component including a brominated flame retardant; (d) from about 0.01 wt % to about 1 wt % of a second flame retardant component including an alkyl sulfonate salt, an aromatic sulfone sulfonate, an aromatic sulfonate salt, or a combination thereof; and (e) from about 0.1 wt % to about 20 wt % of a siloxane-free acrylic core-shell impact modifier. The combined weight percent value of all components does not exceed 100 wt %, and all weight percent values are based on the total weight of the composition.
Polycarbonate compositions include: a. from 20 wt% to 93 wt% of a polycarbonate component including one or more of a virgin polycarbonate homopolymer and a post- consumer recycled polycarbonate; b. from 1 wt% to 25 wt% of a polycarbonate-polysiloxane copolymer having (1) a siloxane content of from about 30 wt% to 70 wt% present in an amount effective to provide the composition with a total siloxane content of 0.5 wt% to 25 wt%, and (2) a weight average molecular weight of 26,000 to 50,000 grams per mole, as determined by gel permeation chromatography using polystyrene standards and calculated for polycarbonate; and c. from greater than 6 wt% to 20 wt% of at least one phosphorous flame retardant additive. The flame retardant additive is free of or substantially free of halogen. A molded sample of the polycarbonate composition exhibits a UL-94 rating of V-0 at a thickness of 1.5 mm or less.
Thermoplastic compositions include: a polymer base resin including at least one liquid crystal polymer (LCP) resin, at least one polyphenylene ether (PPE) resin, or a combination thereof; and from at least 0.1 wt % to 10 wt % of a low-OAN carbon black. The low-OAN carbon black has an oil absorption number (OAN) of 60 cubic centimeters per 100 grams (cc/100 g) or less. The compositions have good dielectric properties.
A copolymer comprising a polyphenylene ether component and a dicyclopentadiene copolymer component comprising a structure of Formulas D1, D2, D3-1, D3-2, or D3-3: Formula DI, Formula D2, Formula D3-1, Formula D3-2, Formula D3-3.
C08G 61/02 - Composés macromoléculaires contenant uniquement des atomes de carbone dans la chaîne principale de la molécule, p. ex. polyxylylènes
C08G 65/00 - Composés macromoléculaires obtenus par des réactions créant une liaison éther dans la chaîne principale de la macromolécule
C08G 65/44 - Composés macromoléculaires obtenus par des réactions créant une liaison éther dans la chaîne principale de la macromolécule à partir de composés hydroxylés ou de leurs dérivés métalliques dérivés des phénols par oxydation des phénols
A polyimide, comprising 1-100 mol % of repeating units of formula (1), based on 100 mol % of total repeating units of the polyimide, wherein each V is as defined herein; and each R1 is independently a divalent group of formula (3), wherein A is anionic, and each A is independently —O, —S, —S(O)2, —S(O)2O, —OS(O)2O, —OP(O) (OR)dO, —P(O)(Re)O, —P(O)(ORf)O, or —OP(O)(Rg)O; and X is cationic, and each X is independently Li, Na, K, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ag, Zn, Cd, B, Al, Ga, In, Ge, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, phosphonium, imidazolium, guanidinium, or pyridinium; and Rd, Re, Rf, and Rg are each independently hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1-8 alkyl, or substituted or unsubstituted C6-12 aryl.
Thermoplastic compositions include: from about 5 wt% to about 99 wt% of a polycarbonate homopolymer component; and from about 0.01 wt% to about 5 wt% sodium zirconium phosphate. The polycarbonate homopolymer component has improved molecular weight (Mw) retention properties after heat aging in high temperature and relative humidity conditions. The compositions also have good low temperature impact properties.
Thermoplastic compositions include: from about 50 wt % to about 70 wt % of a PEEK (polyether ether ketone) component; from about 5 wt % to about 20 wt % of a PEI (polyetherimide) component; and from about 20 wt % to about 40 wt % of a glass fiber component. The combined weight percent value of all components does not exceed 100 wt %, and all weight percent values are based on the total weight of the composition. Methods for forming a molded article including the thermoplastic composition are described.
C08L 71/00 - Compositions contenant des polyéthers obtenus par des réactions créant une liaison éther dans la chaîne principaleCompositions contenant des dérivés de tels polymères
A composition includes particular amounts of a poly(methyl methacrylate); a poly(carbonate-siloxane); an acrylic impact modifier; a first anti-scratch additive including a polyethylene; and a second anti-scratch additive different from the first anti-scratch additive. Methods for the manufacture of the composition and articles including the composition are also described.
C08L 33/12 - Homopolymères ou copolymères du méthacrylate de méthyle
C08L 53/00 - Compositions contenant des copolymères séquencés possédant au moins une séquence d'un polymère obtenu par des réactions ne faisant intervenir que des liaisons non saturées carbone-carboneCompositions contenant des dérivés de tels polymères
71.
POLYETHERIMIDE COMPOSITION, METHOD FOR THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF, AND INJECTION MOLDED ARTICLES MADE THEREFROM
A polyetherimide composition includes a polyetherimide having a percent transmission of 75% to 85% at 500 nanometers as determined according to ASTM D1003 at a thickness of 1.6 mm. The composition further includes a colorant. A molded sample of the polyetherimide composition can have a percent transmission of greater than 40% at a thickness of 1.6 millimeters and a percent transmission of greater than 15% at a thickness of 3.2 millimeters, each at a wavelength of 450 nanometers and determined according to ASTM D 1003. Methods of the manufacture of the polyetherimide composition and injection molded articles prepared therefrom are also disclosed.
A composition includes particular amounts of a poly(methyl methacrylate), a poly(carbonate-siloxane), an acrylic impact modifier, a polyethylene, and a siloxane-containing anti-scratch additive. The composition can exhibit a desirable combination of good mechanical properties and scratch resistance. Methods of making the composition and articles comprising the composition are also disclosed.
White polycarbonate compositions having a low added fluorine content while also achieving a V-0 flame test rating at 1.5 mm or less include: a homopolycarbonate having a weight average molecular weight of 25,000 grams per mole or more, using polystyrene standards and calculated for polycarbonate; and a poly(carbonate-siloxane) having a siloxane content of 30-70 wt% present in an amount effective to provide 3-20 wt% siloxane repeating units based on the total weight of the composition, and a weight average molecular weight of 26,000-50,000 grams per mole, as determined by gel permeation chromatography using polystyrene standards and calculated for polycarbonate; a flame retardant; a colorant composition comprising titanium dioxide; and optionally, an additive composition; wherein the polycarbonate composition comprises 1200 ppm or less of added fluorine to the total composition.
Disclosed is a fiber composition comprising from about 60 wt. % to about 99 wt. % of a polymer base resin, wherein the polymer base resin comprises a chemically upcycled polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) component, which was derived from a post-consumer recycled (PCR) polyester, and from about 0.1 wt. % to about 40 wt. % of a reinforcing filler, wherein the combined weight percent value of all components does not exceed 100 wt. % and all weight percent values are based on the total weight of the fiber composition, wherein the fiber composition is in the form of a fiber, and wherein the fiber exhibits a tensile modulus of greater than 1950 MPa when tested in accordance with ISO 527.
D01F 6/60 - Filaments, ou similaires, faits par l’homme, à un seul composant, formés de polymères synthétiquesLeur fabrication à partir de produits d'homopolycondensation à partir de polyamides
D01F 6/62 - Filaments, ou similaires, faits par l’homme, à un seul composant, formés de polymères synthétiquesLeur fabrication à partir de produits d'homopolycondensation à partir de polyesters
Polycarbonate compositions having a low added fluorine content while also achieving a V-0 flame test rating at 1.5 mm include: a homopolycarbonate composition having one or more homopolycarbonates, wherein an average of the weight average molecular weight of the homopolycarbonate composition is 25,000 g/mol or more, a poly(carbonate-siloxane) having a siloxane content of 30-70 wt% present in an amount effective to provide 4.5-14 wt% siloxane repeating units based on the total weight of the composition, and having a weight average molecular weight of 26,000-50,000 grams per mole,; and having less than 1 wt% of a poly(carbonate-siloxane) with a siloxane content of less than 30 wt%; 0.01-1.0 wt% of a flame retardant comprising an aromatic sulfonate inorganic salt, an aromatic sulfone sulfonate inorganic salt, or a combination thereof.
Polycarbonate compositions having a low added fluorine content while also achieving a V-0 flame test rating at 1.5 mm or 1.2 mm include: 80-95 wt% of a homopolycarbonate composition including one or more homopolycarbonates, wherein an average of the weight average molecular weight of the homopolycarbonates is 26,000 g/mol or more; 5-20 wt% of a poly(carbonate-siloxane) having a siloxane content of 30-70 wt% present in an amount effective to provide 2-14 wt% siloxane repeating units based on the total weight of the composition, and having a weight average molecular weight of 26,000-50,000 g/mol, and having less than 1 wt% of a poly(carbonate-siloxane) having a siloxane content of less than 30 wt%; 2.5-10 wt% of a phosphazene flame retardant.
Polymer-ceramic composite particles, molded parts, and methods. The composites, in powder form, comprise a plurality of composite particles each comprising an agglomeration of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) particle physically bonded to a plurality of aluminum oxide (AI2O3) particles, where at least some of the AI2O; particles are exposed to an exterior of the agglomeration of PBT particles. Such composite powders comprises between 50% and 90% by volume of AI2O3, and between 10% and 50% by volume of PBT. In pellet form, PBT particles of adjacent composite particles are joined to resist separation of the adjacent composite particles and deformation of a respective pellet. Methods of forming a ceramic-polymer composite comprise: heating a mixture of PBT particles, organic solvent, and AI2O3 particles to a first temperature that is between the glass transition temperature and the melting point of the PBT, while maintaining the mixture at a first pressure at which the solvent remains substantially liquid, to at least partially dissolve the PBT particles in the solvent; agitating the heated mixture for a period of minutes; and cooling the mixture to or below the glass transition temperature of the PBT to precipitate at least some of the PBT to form agglomerations of PBT particles and bond at least some of the AI2O3 particles to to PBT particles to thereby form a plurality of composite particles each comprising an agglomeration of PBT particles physically bonded to a plurality of AI2O3 particles, at least some of which being exposed to an exterior of the agglomeration.
Disclosed herein is a multilayer part comprising: a first layer, wherein the first layer comprises a first polymer composition comprising a first polymer and from about 0.1 wt. % to about 30 wt. % of a first electrically conductive carbon-based filler; a second layer disposed adjacent a surface of the first layer, wherein the second layer comprises a second polymer composition comprising a second polymer and from about 0.01 wt. % to about 10 wt. % of a second electrically conductive carbon-based filler; wherein the multilayer part exhibits a percent reflected power measured in transmission mode of less than 15% when observed according to a Free Space method at frequencies of from about 75 GHz to 110 GHz, when the multilayer part is oriented such that microwave radiation is incident to the second layer of the multilayer part.
B32B 27/20 - Produits stratifiés composés essentiellement de résine synthétique caractérisée par l'emploi d'additifs particuliers utilisant des charges, des pigments, des agents thixotropiques
B32B 7/02 - Propriétés physiques, chimiques ou physicochimiques
B32B 7/12 - Liaison entre couches utilisant des adhésifs interposés ou des matériaux interposés ayant des propriétés adhésives
B32B 27/06 - Produits stratifiés composés essentiellement de résine synthétique comme seul composant ou composant principal d'une couche adjacente à une autre couche d'une substance spécifique
B32B 27/30 - Produits stratifiés composés essentiellement de résine synthétique comprenant une résine vinyliqueProduits stratifiés composés essentiellement de résine synthétique comprenant une résine acrylique
B32B 27/36 - Produits stratifiés composés essentiellement de résine synthétique comprenant des polyesters
79.
Polycarbonate Compositions with Flame Retardant Properties for Laser Activating Plating Processes
An article is formed according to a process including: (a) forming a substrate component including a thermoplastic composition; and (b) applying a laser activated plating (LAP) process to the substrate component to apply a metal film on the substrate component and form the article. The thermoplastic composition includes: (1) from about 10 wt % to about 80 wt % of a polycarbonate component; (2) from about 5 wt % to about 80 wt % of a siloxane component including a poly(carbonate-siloxane) copolymer or silicon oil, wherein the poly(carbonate-siloxane) copolymer, if present, is different from the polycarbonate component in element (1); (3) from about 10 wt % to about 60 wt % of a glass fiber component; and (4) from about 1 wt % to about 15 wt % of a flame retardant component including a phosphorous compound.
Thermoplastic compositions include: a thermoplastic polymer component including a polyester; and from greater than 0.10 wt % to about 1.95 wt % of a carbon nanotube (CNT) fdler. A 6 in×8 in×⅛ in molded sample of the composition has a percent Absorbed Power measured in Transmission mode of at least 60% when observed at a 77 GHz frequency according to a Free Space method. In some aspects the polyester includes polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). Further aspects include articles (e.g., a radar sensor, a camera, an electronic control unit, etc.) including a molded part including a microwave absorbing material (absorber). The article may have at least two openings to allow the transmission of microwave radiation between a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna located in/on the printed circuit board of the sensor.
Thermoplastic compositions include: from about 40 wt % to about 89.9 wt % of at least one crystalline or semi-crystalline polymer; from about 10 wt % to about 20 wt % of at least one amorphous polymer; from about 0.1 wt % to about 20 wt % of a conductive carbon filler; and from 0) wt % to about 30 wt % of a reinforcing filler comprising glass fiber, glass flake, or a combination thereof. The thermoplastic composition has an absorption of at least 65%, a reflection of 35% or lower, and a transmission of 1% or lower, wherein absorption, reflection and transmission are tested in transmission mode in accordance with a Free Space Method at a frequency of from 75 gigahertz (GHz) to 110 GHz. The compositions are particularly suitable for use in radar absorbers for a radar or automobile sensor application.
Disclosed herein is a capped poly(phenylene ether) having an activated ester end group and a structure as further defined herein. The capped poly(phenylene ether) can be particularly useful in curable compositions, thermoset compositions, and articles formed therefrom.
C08G 65/48 - Polymères modifiés par post-traitement chimique
C08G 59/42 - Acides polycarboxyliquesLeurs anhydrides, halogénures ou esters à bas poids moléculaire
C08G 65/44 - Composés macromoléculaires obtenus par des réactions créant une liaison éther dans la chaîne principale de la macromolécule à partir de composés hydroxylés ou de leurs dérivés métalliques dérivés des phénols par oxydation des phénols
83.
SUSTAINABLE POLYBUTYLENE TEREPHTHALATE COMPOSITIONS WITH IMPROVED COLOR CAPABILITY
Methods for forming a thermoplastic composition include: polymerizing a high purity bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) monomer with butane diol (BDO) to form polybutylene terephthalate (PBT); and combining from 15 wt % to 98 wt % of the PBT, from 2 wt % to 10 wt % of at least one brightening agent, and from 0 wt % to 83 wt % of at least one additional component, to form the thermoplastic composition. The high purity BHET monomer is formed by a process consisting of depolymerizing post-consumer or post-industrial recycled (PCR) polyethylene terephthalate (PET), the high purity BHET monomer has a purity of at least 95%, and the thermoplastic composition has an L* color value of at least 94.
Thermoplastic compositions include: from about 30 wt % to about 70 wt % of a polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) polymer component; from about 10 wt % to about 20 wt % of a polyetherimide (PEI) polymer component; an impact modifier component; and from about 20 wt % to about 50 wt % of a glass fiber component. An injection molded sample of the composition has no observed mold whitening. The combined weight percent value of all components does not exceed 100 wt %, and all weight percent values are based on the total weight of the composition.
A polycarbonate composition suitable for thin-wall applications comprises: a linear homopolycarbonate; a poly(carbonate-siloxane) present in an amount effective to provide 0.1 to 10 wt % siloxane, based on the total weight of the composition, a linear polycarbonate having pendant ester groups in an amount effective to provide 0.1 to 5.0 mole % repeating units derived from C a monomer having a pendant ester group based on the total moles of the composition; and a flame retardant wherein a molded sample N of the composition has a UL-94 flame test rating of VO at a thickness of 1.5 mm.
Thermoplastic compositions include: from about 35 wt% to about 70 wt% of a polymer resin, wherein the polymer resin comprises at least two polymer resins, wherein at least one of the polymer resins includes a high density polyethylene (HDPE) polymer having a degree of crystallinity of at least 47% as measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); from about 10 wt% to about 40 wt% synthetic graphite; from about 5 wt% to about 15 wt% carbon nanotubes (CNTs); and from about 3 wt% to about 15 wt% conductive carbon black powder.
A self-branching polyetherimide comprising a first repeating unit derived from polymerization of the aromatic dianhydride and a first diamine, wherein the first diamine comprises a carboxyl-substituted C6-24 aromatic hydrocarbon group; and optionally, a second repeating unit derived from polymerization of an aromatic dianhydride and a second diamine, wherein the second diamine comprises a C1-30 divalent hydrocarbon group, optionally comprising 1 to 4 heteroatoms, wherein the self-branching polyetherimide is end-capped with phthalic anhydride.
A thermoplastic composition includes: from about 60 wt% to about 99.5 wt% of at least one thermoplastic polymer including polycarbonate (PC), polycarbonate-siloxane copolymer, polyester (PE), polyetherimide (PEI), polyphenylsufone (PPSU), polyethersulfone (PES), polysulfone (PSU), polyarylate (PAR), copolymers thereof, or combinations thereof; and from about 0.5 wt% to about 5 wt% of a laser direct structuring (LDS) additive comprising blue indium tin oxide (BITO). The thermoplastic composition has a visible transmittance of at least 50% and a haze of 30% or lower as tested in accordance with ASTM D1003-00 at a thickness of 1 millimeter. The combined weight percent value of all components does not exceed 100 wt%, and all weight percent values are based on the total weight of the composition.
A method of forming a porous carbon includes pyrolyzing a functionalized polyphenylene ether to provide the porous carbon material. The porous carbon material has a particular distribution of pores. Porous carbon materials prepared according to the method and uses thereof are also disclosed.
A thermoplastic composition includes: a transparent thermoplastic resin; from about 0.1 wt % to about 2 wt % of a mold release agent including pentaerythritol tetrastearate (PETS); and from 0.01 wt % to about 5 wt % of a stabilizer component. The PETS is derived from an aliphatic carboxylic acid having less than 50 wt % content of C18 or longer alkane chains. The thermoplastic composition has improved transparency properties as compared to comparative compositions including PETS derived from an animal source.
Thermoplastic compositions include: (a) a polycarbonate resin: (b) a poly (carbonate-siloxane) copolymer having a siloxane content of at least about 5 wt %; and (c) from about 0.15 wt % to about 4.5 wt % of a carbon nanotube filler. The carbon nanotubes have an average diameter of from about 8-12 nanometers (nm), a length of about 5 micron (μm) or less, a surface area of about 220 square meters per gram (m2/gr) or higher, and a volume resistivity lower than about 10−2 Ohm·centimeters (Ohm·cm). The composition has a volume electrical resistivity of at least about 1.0E+06 Ohm·cm as determined in accordance with ASTM D257. A molded sample of the composition has a percent absorbed power measured in Transmission mode of at least about 60% when observed according to a Free Space method at frequencies from about 75 GHz to 110 GHZ.
A thermoplastic composition includes: from about 20 wt% to about 65 wt% of a resin component including polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polycyclohexylenedimethylene terephthalate (PCT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or a combination thereof; from about 10 wt% to about 30 wt% of a polyestercarbonate copolymer including resorcinol units; from about 5 wt% to about 50 wt% of a glass fiber component including recycled round glass fiber; and from about 5 wt% to about 10 wt% of at least one additive component. The composition has a higher nano molding technology (NMT) bonding strength as compared to a comparative composition including flat glass fibers instead of the recycled round glass fibers. The composition has a dielectric constant (Dk) of at least 3.3 as evaluated at 2.5 gigahertz (GHz) or 5.0 GHz in accordance with a SPDR Method, or at least 3.24 as evaluated at 60 GHz in accordance with a Coaxial Method.
Disclosed herein are compositions comprising: from about 30 wt. % to 90 wt. % of polymer component; and from about 1 wt. % to 25 wt. % of a filler component, wherein the filler component comprises from about 5 wt % to about 20 wt % of an electrically conductive filler and from about 0.1 wt % to about 5 wt % of a non-electrically conductive filler based on the total volume of the composition, wherein the non-electrically conductive filler is intrinsically hydrophobic or wherein the non-electrically conductive filler comprises a hydrophobic coating: wherein the composition exhibits a surface resistivity of from about 1×105 Ohm/square to about 1×108 Ohm/square when tested in accordance with ASTM D257, wherein the combined weight percent value of all components does not exceed 100 wt. %, and all weight percent values are based on the total weight of the composition.
A method of converting poly(ethylene terephthalate) to terephthalic acid includes a glycolysis step in which poly(ethylene terephthalate) is reacted with ethylene glycol in the presence of zinc acetate catalyst, a hydrolysis step in which the product of the glycolysis step is reacted with an alkali metal hydroxide to produce an alkali metal salt of terephthalic acid, and an acidification step in which the product of the hydrolysis step is acidified to yield a precipitate containing terephthalic acid. Each step of the method can be conducted at ambient or near-ambient pressure, and the method produces terephthalic acid in high yield and high purity.
A film extrusion composition includes specific amounts of a heat-resistant copolycarbonate, a slip agent, and a particulate crosslinked polymethylsilsesquioxane having particles of a specific size. An extruded film prepared from the film extrusion composition exhibits a beneficial balance of telescoping, blocking, and dielectric properties. The extruded film is useful for forming electrostatic film capacitors.
C08G 77/448 - Polymères séquencés ou greffés contenant des segments de polysiloxanes contenant des segments de polycarbonates
B29C 48/00 - Moulage par extrusion, c.-à-d. en exprimant la matière à mouler dans une matrice ou une filière qui lui donne la forme désiréeAppareils à cet effet
B29C 48/08 - Moulage par extrusion, c.-à-d. en exprimant la matière à mouler dans une matrice ou une filière qui lui donne la forme désiréeAppareils à cet effet caractérisées par la forme à l’extrusion de la matière extrudée plate, p. ex. panneaux flexible, p. ex. pellicules
H01G 4/18 - Diélectriques organiques en matériau synthétique, p. ex. en dérivés de la cellulose
B29K 83/00 - Utilisation de polymères contenant dans la chaîne principale uniquement du silicium avec ou sans soufre, azote, oxygène ou carbone comme matière de moulage
B29L 31/34 - Appareils électriques, p. ex. bougies ou leurs parties constitutives
96.
GRAFT COPOLYMER AND CURABLE THERMOSETTING COMPOSITION COMPRISING THE SAME
A graft copolymer includes a hydrocarbon backbone having a phenylene ether oligomer grafted therefrom. The graft copolymer can be particularly useful in curable compositions, thermoset compositions, and articles formed therefrom.
C08G 81/02 - Composés macromoléculaires obtenus par l'interréaction de polymères en l'absence de monomères, p. ex. polymères séquencés au moins un des polymères étant obtenu par des réactions ne faisant intervenir que des liaisons non saturées carbone-carbone
C09D 151/08 - Compositions de revêtement à base de polymères greffés dans lesquels le composant greffé est obtenu par des réactions faisant intervenir uniquement des liaisons non saturées carbone-carboneCompositions de revêtement à base de dérivés de tels polymères greffés sur des composés macromoléculaires obtenus autrement que par des réactions faisant intervenir uniquement des liaisons non saturées carbone-carbone
C09D 187/00 - Compositions de revêtement à base de composés macromoléculaires non spécifiés, obtenus autrement que par des réactions de polymérisation ne faisant intervenir que des liaisons non saturées carbone-carbone
C09J 151/08 - Adhésifs à base de polymères greffés dans lesquels le composant greffé est obtenu par des réactions faisant intervenir uniquement des liaisons non saturées carbone-carboneAdhésifs à base de dérivés de tels polymères greffés sur des composés macromoléculaires obtenus autrement que par des réactions faisant intervenir uniquement des liaisons non saturées carbone-carbone
C09J 187/00 - Adhésifs à base de composés macromoléculaires non spécifiés, obtenus autrement que par des réactions de polymérisation ne faisant intervenir que des liaisons non saturées carbone-carbone
C09K 3/10 - Substances non couvertes ailleurs pour sceller ou étouper des joints ou des couvercles
A polycarbonate composition suitable for thin-wall applications comprises: a polycarbonate; a polycarbonate comprising repeating units derived from a monomer comprising a pendant ester group; a non-halogenated flame retardant, optionally, a poly(carbonate-siloxane) present in an amount effective to provide 4 wt% or less of siloxane repeating units, based on the total weight of the composition, and optionally, an additive composition wherein a sample of the composition has a UL-94 flame test rating of V-0 at a thickness of 1.5 mm or thinner. Advantageously, the polycarbonate compositions may minimize or eliminate fluorinated flame retardant salts such as Rimar salt and fluorinated anti-drip agents while achieving improved flame test performance.
A thermoplastic composition includes particular amounts of a poly(phenylene ether); a polyamide; an impact modifier; a conductive agent; a hydroxy-containing compound comprising bisphenoxyethanol fluorene, a terpene phenolic resin, a novolak resin, or a combination thereof; and a compatibilizing agent; wherein weight percent is based on the total weight of the thermoplastic composition.
C08L 53/02 - Compositions contenant des copolymères séquencés possédant au moins une séquence d'un polymère obtenu par des réactions ne faisant intervenir que des liaisons non saturées carbone-carboneCompositions contenant des dérivés de tels polymères contenant des monomères vinylaromatiques et des diènes conjugués
A polycarbonate composition suitable for thin-wall applications comprises: a polycarbonate; a polycarbonate comprising repeating units derived from a monomer comprising a pendant ester group; a non-halogenated flame retardant; glass fibers; glass fibers; optionally, a poly(carbonate-siloxane) present in an amount effective to provide 0.5-10 wt% siloxane repeating units, based on the total weight of the composition, and optionally, an additive composition wherein a sample of the composition has a UL-94 flame test rating of V-0 at a thickness of 1.5 mm or thinner. Advantageously, the polycarbonate compositions may minimize or eliminate fluorinated flame retardant salts such as Rimar salt and fluorinated anti-drip agents while achieving improved flame test performance.
Thermoplastic compositions include from about 20 wt% to about 80 wt% of a polyphenylene ether (PPE), from about 1 wt% to about 30 wt% of a polystyrene resin that does not include a rubber component, and from about 0.01 wt% to about 10 wt% of a chemically reactive impact modifier. The combined weight percent value of all components does not exceed 100 wt%, and all weight percent values are based on the total weight of the composition. The compositions are resistant to bubbling upon processing.
