Provided are graphite particles which can use carbon dioxide as a raw material and can be used as an electrode material. As to graphite particles, an interplanar spacing d 002 based on a diffraction peak corresponding to a lattice plane (002) being measured by a powder X-ray diffraction method is 0.3355 nm or more and 0.3370 nm or less, a primary particle diameter is 50 nm or more and 500 nm or less, a value of 50% of an integrated value in number base particle diameter distribution (a mean particle diameter) is a secondary particle diameter (d50), the secondary particle diameter (d50) is 0.15 μm or more and 1.6 μm or less, and a specific surface area (BET) being calculated from a nitrogen-adsorption amount at 77 K is 10 m2/g or more and 400 m2/g or less.
The present application relates to compositions of matter, processes and uses of compositions of matter relating to Coronavirus proteins, peptides and epitopes, for example, for therapeutic or preventative vaccination against one or more Coronavirus species, subspecies, or strains, and/or for inducing, enhancing, or sustaining an immune response against at least one Coronavirus serotype or species. The Coronavirus may be, for example, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-COV, MERS-COV, OC43, or any coronavirus, including the betacoronaviruses.
Provided is a method for manufacturing graphite particles using carbon dioxide as a raw material and which enables the graphite particles to be used as an electrode material.
Provided is a method for manufacturing graphite particles using carbon dioxide as a raw material and which enables the graphite particles to be used as an electrode material.
The method includes: (a) preparing an electrolytic bath which includes molten salt containing carbonate ions; (b) locating a cathode in a vicinity of a surface of the electrolytic bath outside the electrolytic bath; (c) locating an anode in the electrolytic bath; (d) reducing the carbonate ions by generating electric discharge between the cathode and the surface of the electrolytic bath and performing energization by applying a voltage for generating carbon particles between the anode and the cathode; (e) collecting the carbon particles together with the molten salt and removing cooled and solidified salt by water washing; and (f) graphitizing the carbon particles being obtained in (e) by heat treatment.
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (Japon)
I'MSEP CO., LTD. (Japon)
Inventeur(s)
Kuroda Koji
Amahashi Hiroaki
Nishiumi Wataru
Yano Satoshi
Kawai Shota
Ikeuchi Yuta
Masese Titus
Mukai Takashi
Tanaka Hideaki
Senoh Hiroshi
Ito Yasuhiko
Hyodo Yoshikazu
Koyama Akira
Abrégé
[Problem] To provide graphite particles that can employ carbon dioxide as a raw material and can be utilized as an electrode material. [Solution] Graphite particles having an interplanar spacing d002 based on a diffraction peak corresponding to a lattice plane (002) measured by a powder x-ray diffraction method of 0.3355-0.3370 nm (inclusive), a primary particle size of 50-500 nm (inclusive), a secondary particle size (d50) of 0.15-1.6 μm (inclusive) when a value (average particle size) of 50% of the integrated value of the number-based particle size distribution is taken as the secondary particle size (d50), and a specific surface area (BET) determined from the amount of nitrogen adsorbed at 77K of 10 m2/g to 400 m2/g (inclusive).
H01M 10/0585 - Structure ou fabrication d'accumulateurs ayant uniquement des éléments de structure plats, c.-à-d. des électrodes positives plates, des électrodes négatives plates et des séparateurs plats
[Problem] To provide a method that is for producing graphite particles usable as an electrode material, and that enables carbon dioxide to be used as a material. [Solution] This method for producing graphite particles comprises: (a) a step for preparing an electrolytic bath comprising a molten salt including carbonate ions; (b) a step for disposing a negative electrode outside the electrolytic bath in the vicinity of the surface of the electrolytic bath; (c) a step for disposing a positive electrode inside the electrolytic bath; (d) a step for reducing the carbonate ions by generating an electric discharge between the negative electrode and the surface of the electrolytic bath, and applying a voltage, for generating carbon particles, between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to pass current therebetween; (e) a step for recovering the carbon particles together with the molten salt, and removing, through rinsing with water, salts that have been cooled and solidified; and (f) a step for graphitizing the carbon particles obtained in the step (e) through heating.
Provided is a carbon dioxide electrolysis-carbon deposition/carbon fuel cell-integrated apparatus which enable interconversion between electric energy and chemical energy (electrodeposited carbon) through the use of an integrated electrochemical reaction system with a molten salt.
H01M 8/20 - Éléments à combustible indirects, p. ex. éléments à combustible avec un couple REDOX irréversible
C25B 1/00 - Production électrolytique de composés inorganiques ou de non-métaux
H01M 8/0612 - Combinaison d’éléments à combustible avec des moyens de production de réactifs ou pour le traitement de résidus avec des moyens de production des réactifs gazeux à partir de matériaux contenant du carbone
H01M 8/14 - Éléments à combustible avec électrolytes fondus
The present invention provides a carbon dioxide electrolysis-derived carbon deposition / carbon fuel cell-integrated apparatus or the like which enables interconversion between electric energy and chemical energy (electro-deposited carbon) by utilizing an integrated electrochemical reaction system using a molten salt. This carbon dioxide electrolysis/carbon fuel cell-integrated apparatus or the like is provided with: an electrolysis tub which houses a molten salt including an oxide ion; a carbon deposition/combustion electrode which is immersed in the molten salt; an oxygen gas-generating electrode which is immersed in the molten salt and which is electrically connected to the carbon deposition/combustion electrode; an oxygen gas reduction electrode that is immersed in the molten salt; a carbon dioxide gas supply part for supplying a carbon dioxide-containing gas into the molten salt so as to cause carbonate ions to be generated; a power supply for applying, between the carbon deposition/combustion electrode and the oxygen gas-generating electrode, a voltage that causes carbonate ions to be reduced so as to result in carbon deposition on the carbon deposition/combustion electrode; and an oxygen gas supply part for supplying an oxygen-containing gas to the oxygen gas reduction electrode so as to cause oxide ions to be generated in the molten salt.
H01M 12/08 - Éléments hybridesLeur fabrication composés d'un demi-élément du type élément à combustible et d'un demi-élément du type à élément secondaire
C01B 32/05 - Préparation ou purification du carbone non couvertes par les groupes , , ,
A liquid transport apparatus includes: a U-shaped vessel for storing the liquid; an inverse conically shaped body which is hollow and has an opening part of an upper end and an opening part of a lower end; and a rotating disk driving motor part for rotating the inverse conically shaped body on an axis extending along a substantially vertical direction. The opening part of the lower end of the inverse conically shaped body is immersed in the liquid stored in the U-shaped vessel. In the liquid transport apparatus, an overflow opening part for keeping constant a distance between the opening part of the lower end of the inverse conically shaped body and a surface of the liquid stored in the U-shaped vessel is formed.
G05D 9/00 - Commande du niveau, p. ex. en commandant la quantité du matériau emmagasiné dans un réservoir
C25C 5/04 - Production, récupération ou affinage de poudres métalliques ou de métaux poreux à partir de bains fondus
C25C 7/00 - Éléments structurels, ou leur assemblage, des cellulesEntretien ou conduite des cellules
F04D 1/14 - Pompes élevant le fluide par la force centrifuge dans un bol conique tournant autour d'un axe vertical
F04D 7/06 - Pompes adaptées à la manipulation de liquides particuliers, p. ex. par choix de matériaux spéciaux pour les pompes ou pièces de pompe du type centrifuge les fluides étant chauds ou corrosifs, p. ex. du métal liquide
Provided is a liquid transport device that enables a liquid to be pumped and transported at a constant speed by using centrifugal force and a simple configuration. A liquid transport device (1) is provided with the following: a U-shaped container (110) that holds a liquid (300); a hollow inverted cone-shaped member (121) having an upper-end opening (123) and a lower-end opening (122); and a rotating disk drive-motor section (130) that rotates the inverted cone-shaped member (121) around an axis that extends along a roughly vertical direction. The lower-end opening (122) of the inverted cone-shaped member (121) is immersed in the liquid (300) held in the U-shaped container (110). The liquid transport device (1) is further provided with an overflow opening (111) for maintaining a constant distance between the lower-end opening (122) of the inverted cone-shaped member (121) and the surface of the liquid (300) held in the U-shaped container (110). A liquid level adjustment means has a liquid storage tank (210) that stores the liquid (300) discharged from an opening (113), and a liquid circulation section (200) that returns the liquid (300) within the liquid storage tank (210) to the U-shaped container (110).
Provided is a method for producing fine metal particles, wherein metal oxide powders can be used as a source of fine metal particles, and a method for producing fine metal particles can be provided avoiding the contamination of the molten salt electrolyte bath and the produced fine metal particles. A method for producing fine metal particles (112) is provided which comprises generating cathodic discharge outside and over the surface of an electrolyte bath (100) comprising metal oxide powders (110) suspended therein, whereby the metal oxide powders (110) are electrochemically reduced into the fine metal particles (112).
C25C 5/04 - Production, récupération ou affinage de poudres métalliques ou de métaux poreux à partir de bains fondus
B22F 9/20 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensionsAppareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par un procédé chimique avec réduction de mélanges métalliques à partir de mélanges métalliques solides
C01B 33/023 - Préparation par réduction de silice ou d'un matériau contenant de la silice
B82Y 30/00 - Nanotechnologie pour matériaux ou science des surfaces, p. ex. nanocomposites
Provided is a production method for metal microparticle, wherein metallic oxide can be used as a raw material, and impurities are difficult to mix into fused salts and the generated metal microparticles. A production method for metal microparticle (112) is used for reducing metallic oxide powders (110) in an electrolytic bath (100) by generating cathode discharge in the vicinity of the surface of the electrolytic bath (100) in which the metallic oxide powders (110) have been suspended in fused salts.
C25C 5/00 - Production, récupération ou affinage de poudres métalliques ou de métaux poreux
B22F 9/20 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensionsAppareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par un procédé chimique avec réduction de mélanges métalliques à partir de mélanges métalliques solides
C01B 33/023 - Préparation par réduction de silice ou d'un matériau contenant de la silice
C25B 1/00 - Production électrolytique de composés inorganiques ou de non-métaux
12.
Method for electrochemically depositing carbon film on a substrate
Dense carbon films are deposited on a conductive substrate by placing the substrate acting as anode in a molten salt electrolyte bath containing a source of carbide ion and applying DC current across the substrate and a counter electrode acting as cathode also placed in the molten salt electrolyte bath. The carbide ions are electrochemically oxidized to deposit a carbon film on the surface of the substrate.
Dense carbon nitride films are electrochemically formed on a conductive substrate by placing the substrate acting as cathode in a molten salt electrolyte bath and applying DC current across the substrate and a counter electrode acting as anode also placed in the molten salt electrolyte bath. Carbonate ion and nitrate ion are concurrently reduced to deposit carbon nitride films on the substrate.
A method for forming a boron-containing thin film, wherein a uniform boron thin film with good adhesion can be formed on the surface of an object to be processed. Also disclosed is a multilayer structure. An electrolysis apparatus comprises a positive electrode (1), an object to be processed (2) serving as a negative electrode, an electrolysis vessel (4), and a molten salt electrolytic bath (5). A variable power supply (6) is connected between the positive electrode (1) and the object to be processed (2). The variable power supply (6) is configured so that the voltage waveform or current waveform can be changed during the electrolysis process. By carrying out the electrolysis by flowing a current having an adequate pulse waveform in the molten salt, a uniform boron thin film (3) can be formed even inside the object to be processed (2), which has a complicated shape.
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