The melter includes a vessel and structure for introducing waste material into the vessel. Waveguide structure is provided for introducing millimeter wave electromagnetic radiation into the vessel to heat the waste material. A gyrotron is a preferred source for the millimeter wave electromagnetic radiation.
A rotating heat regenerator is used to recover heat from the syngas at it exits the reactor vessel of a waste or biomass gasifier. In some embodiments, three or more streams are passed through the heat exchanger. One stream is the dirty syngas, which heats the rotating material. A second stream is a cold stream that is heated as it passes through the material. A third stream is a cleaning stream, which serves to remove particulates that are collected on the rotating material as the dirty syngas passes through it. This apparatus can also be used as an auto-heat exchanger, or it can exchange heat between separate flows in the gasifier process. The apparatus can also be used to reduce the heating requirement for the thermal residence chamber (TRC) used downstream from the gasification system.
F02C 1/00 - Ensembles fonctionnels de turbines à gaz caractérisés par l'utilisation de gaz chauds ou de gaz sous pression non chauffés, comme fluide de travail
3.
HIGH PRESSURE GASIFIER SYSTEM USING ELECTRICALLY ASSISTED HEATING
The problems of the prior art are overcome by the apparatus and method disclosed herein. The reactor vessel of a plasma gasifier is operated at high pressure. To compensate for the negative effects of high pressure, various modifications to the plasma gasifier are disclosed. For example, by moving the slag, more material is exposed to the plasma, allowing better and more complete processing thereof. In some embodiments, magnetic fields are used to cause movement of the slag and molten metal within the vessel. An additional embodiment is to add microwave heating of the slag and/or the incoming material. Microwave heating can also be used as an alternative to plasma heating in a high pressure gasification system.
C10J 3/18 - Procédés en continu au moyen de l'électricité
F02C 3/28 - Ensembles fonctionnels de turbines à gaz caractérisés par l'utilisation de produits de combustion comme fluide de travail utilisant un combustible, un oxydant ou un fluide de dilution particulier pour produire les produits de combustion le combustible ou l'oxydant étant solide ou pulvérulent, p. ex. mélangé avec un liquide ou en suspension utilisant un générateur de gaz séparé pour gazéifier le combustible avant la combustion
The present invention relates to a plasma gasification system and a method that converts organic materials into syngas and operates at pressures over 2 atmospheres. The system includes a processing chamber having a material inlet port, a gas inlet port, a molten glass drain port and ports to introduce electrodes. The system also has seals for effectively sealing the electrodes and the ports to the processing chamber in order to avoid expulsion of products through the ports.
C10J 3/57 - Gazéification utilisant des sels ou métaux fondus
F23G 5/08 - Procédés ou appareils, p. ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets ou de combustibles pauvres comportant un chauffage supplémentaire
H05B 7/12 - Dispositions pour refroidir, rendre étanche ou protéger les électrodes
C10J 3/08 - Procédés en continu avec enlèvement des cendres à l'état liquide
An improved active grate consisting of at least two elongated rockers positioned parallel to one and another, each rocker having a lower surface and an upper surface and configured to rotate back and forth about their longitudinal axis. Each individual rocker is further configured to rotate in the opposite direction of the adjacent rockers such that any pair of adjacent rockers alternately forms a void allowing material to pass through active grate when rotating in one direction into a first position, and closes the void when rotated in the opposite direction in a second position. The active grate finds particular utility in a combined gasification/vitrification waste treatment system, where it is used to pass partially oxidized materials from a gasification chamber to a vitrification chamber. The rockers include a coolant loop through the longitudinal axis of the rockers.
B01J 7/00 - Appareillage pour la production de gaz
H01M 8/06 - Combinaison d’éléments à combustible avec des moyens de production de réactifs ou pour le traitement de résidus
C01B 3/36 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par réaction de composés organiques gazeux ou liquides avec des agents gazéifiants, p. ex. de l'eau, du gaz carbonique, de l'air par réaction d'hydrocarbures avec des agents gazéifiants avec l'oxygène ou des mélanges contenant de l'oxygène comme agents gazéifiants
C10J 3/46 - Gazéification des combustibles granuleux ou pulvérulents en suspension
B02C 7/04 - Broyage ou désagrégation par appareils à meules en forme de disques à disques coaxiaux à couronnes concentriques comportant des dents s'engrenant mutuellement
B02C 13/20 - Désagrégation par appareils à batteurs rotatifs à plusieurs rotors couplés
B02C 1/08 - Broyeurs à mâchoires à mâchoires coopérant avec un cylindre rotatif
An optimized gasification/vitrification processing system having a gasification unit which converts organic materials to a hydrogen rich gas and ash in communication with a joule heated vitrification unit which converts the ash formed in the gasification unit into glass, and a plasma which converts elemental carbon and products of incomplete combustion formed in the gasification unit into a hydrogen rich gas.
An optimized gasification/vitrification processing system having a gasification unit which converts organic materials to a hydrogen rich gas and ash in communication with a joule heated vitrification unit which converts the ash formed in the gasification unit into glass, and a plasma which converts elemental carbon and products of incomplete combustion formed in the gasification unit into a hydrogen rich gas.
C10J 3/00 - Production de gaz contenant de l'oxyde de carbone et de l'hydrogène, p. ex. du gaz de synthèse ou du gaz de ville, à partir de matières carbonées solides par des procédés d'oxydation partielle faisant intervenir de l'oxygène ou de la vapeur
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