Abrégé

The method for preventing and controlling glacial lake outbreak flood and related debris flows by the present invention is mainly controlling the scale of the floods by separating water and rocks and dispersing its energy step by step. The cascading amplification effects of floods can be reduced by controlling the initiation of source material with energy dissipation by using ground sills, groups of piles, and placed large stones and prefabricated artificial structures. The diversion dam built in the downstream area discharge floods in different layers, which can quickly guide water to the main river. The preconstructed engineering system can be used in a timely manner to prevent and control floods and debris flows induced by a sudden outburst of glacial lakes in areas with important facilities and inhabitants enduring the risk of natural hazards. Prevention and control systems can separate floods and debris flows and dissipate their energy. The groups of ground sills and check dams gradually dissipate the energy of floods, prevent high-energy boulders, and control the initiation of source materials in the channel and bank. Moreover, the systems can also separate the water and rocks in dilute debris flows or debris flows with high bulk densities but low viscosities. The diversion dams also enhance the separation function and keep the flood and debris flow discharge in the lower and upper channel to the main river.

Classes IPC  ?

• E02B 1/00 - Equipement, appareils ou procédés pour travaux hydrauliques généraux
• E02B 3/00 - Ouvrages relatifs au contrôle ou à l'utilisation des cours d'eau, rivières, côtes ou autres emplacements maritimes; Etanchements ou joints pour travaux de génie civil en général
• E02B 7/02 - Barrages fixes
• E02D 5/22 - Pieux

Abrégé

The invention provides a method for preventing super large-scale floods and debris flows. First, the scale corresponding to certain standard floods in the watershed is evaluated based on field investigations and historical data. Second, the design standards of the system are chosen based on the prevention of super large-scale floods, and the design standard of critical control engineering is further determined. Finally, the design methods of check dams with different functional zones are proposed according to the design standards of critical control engineering. The invention allows part of the key control dam to fail under safe operating conditions of the entire system by increasing the cross-sectional areas and the flow discharges. The unbroken foundation of the dam can effectively control the channel entrainment and regulate the cross-sectional discharge. The design is helpful in mitigating giant floods and debris flows, thus protecting downstream infrastructures.

Classes IPC  ?

• E02B 7/04 - Barrages réservoirs
• E02B 3/10 - Barrages; Digues; Canaux à vannes ou autres ouvrages pour digues, barrages ou analogues
• E02D 27/16 - Fondations formées de pieux séparés
• E02D 27/40 - Fondations pour des retenues d'eau barrant des vallées ou pour des barrages

Abrégé

A device for monitoring and identifying a mountain torrent and debris flow and a method for early warning of disasters relate to the technical field of debris flow protection. The device includes a computation device, sensors, an amplifier and an analog-to-digital converter. The sensors convert an acquired impact force signal into a digital signal by the amplifier and the analog-to-digital converter, and transmits the digital signal to the computation device. The computation device utilizes the digital signal to compute an energy coefficient of a liquid impact signal and a solid-liquid impact energy ratio, and a debris flow mode is monitored and identified in combination with a threshold range of the energy coefficient and a threshold range of the solid-liquid impact energy ratio. The device identifies the nature of the mountain torrent and debris flow through time-frequency analysis of an impact force signal generated by the debris flow to sensors.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01V 1/00 - Séismologie; Prospection ou détection sismique ou acoustique
• G01V 1/22 - Transmission des signaux sismiques aux appareils d'enregistrement ou de traitement
• G01V 1/30 - Analyse
• G01V 1/13 - Agencements ou dispositions des charges pour produire un oscillogramme désiré dans le temps ou dans l'espace
• G08B 21/10 - Alarmes pour assurer la sécurité des personnes réagissant aux événements désastreux, p.ex. les tornades ou les tremblements de terre
• G08B 31/00 - Systèmes d'alarme à prédiction caractérisés par une extrapolation ou un autre type de calcul utilisant des données historiques mises à jour

Abrégé

The present disclosure discloses a method for assessing soil health of cultivated land, which adopts “three sets of dual index assessment systems”, that is an index system for current soil function and a healthy soil function required by crops, an index system for current soil nutrition and healthy soil nutrition required by crops, and an index system for current crop output of cultivated land and a crop output expected by cultivated land users or owners. The method solves the shortcomings of the existing assessment systems that the existing soil health assessment index system has no hierarchy and applicability. This method includes using deviating degree of ratio R e.g., the index current value C/index health value E of measured dual index from 1 as well as it is simple, and the assessment result may directly determine the indicators or factors that can be used for guiding soil improvement and conservation.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 33/24 - Matériaux de la terre

Abrégé

The present disclosure relates to a prediction method and system for an initiation volume of a debris flow slope source. The prediction method includes: dividing a debris flow source slope to be predicted into soil columns; determining a positional relationship between a selected central soil column and six adjacent soil columns around; calculating a most unfavorable sliding surface of the soil column and an unbalanced force on the sliding surface according to an upper bound theorem of a limit analysis; determining whether the most unfavorable sliding surface is unstable; determining a mode and a size of a force exerted by an unstable soil column on a surrounding soil column according to a break status of a connection bond of a lateral tensile stress of the central soil column; and finally determining whether the soil column is fluidized, and predicting an initiation volume of the debris flow source slope.

Classes IPC  ?

• G06F 30/20 - Optimisation, vérification ou simulation de l’objet conçu
• G06F 17/18 - Opérations mathématiques complexes pour l'évaluation de données statistiques
• G06F 111/10 - Modélisation numérique
• G06F 111/08 - CAO probabiliste ou stochastique

Abrégé

Disclosed in the present invention is a silt arrester ecological combination in a mountain torrents and debris flow channel formation region, aiming at solving the defects in the prior art that the comprehensive control measures of ecological engineering and geotechnical engineering lack quantitative design guidance and the initial design conditions are unreasonable. In the silt arrester ecological combination, silt arresters the number of which N ≥ 2 are constructed in a mountain torrents and debris flow channel formation region, and the spacing between adjacent silt arresters is determined by introducing the calculation of aback silting length in front of the silt arrester. The optimized solution also comprises ecological engineering measures, and the ecological combination effect is enhanced by planning different vegetation types on both sides of the channel and in the channel in front of and behind the silt arrester. Specifically provided in the present invention is a method for calculating important design parameters in ecological engineering measures. In the present invention, by designing spacing parameters of adjacent silt arresters, environmental factors of a small space between the silt arresters are adjusted to create a silt arrester ecological combination of a special ecological space, providing a new formation region treatment solution without increasing costs, and providing guidance for the transition of ecological control measures from an empirical qualitative type to an index quantitative type.

Classes IPC  ?

• E02B 7/02 - Barrages fixes
• E02B 8/06 - Déversoirs; Dispositifs pour dissiper l'énergie, p.ex. pour réduire les remous
• G06F 30/13 - Conception architecturale, p.ex. conception architecturale assistée par ordinateur [CAAO] relative à la conception de bâtiments, de ponts, de paysages, d’usines ou de routes

Abrégé

A method for controlling a glacial lake (2) outburst flood and debris flow (4). Fast peak regulation is achieved by means of water-stone separation and water flow dispersion to control the scale of the outburst flood and debris flow (4); and cascade amplification of the scale of the outburst flood and debris flow (4) is reduced by a method of gradually dissipating energy and controlling provenance movement. A diversion dam (9) is built at the downstream area for diversion regulation to layer and fast drain the outburst flood and debris flow (4) to a main river (13); a control project can be built in advance at the area having the risk of catastrophic glacial lake (2) outburst flood and debris flow (4) to construct a control system; the flow of the flood and debris flow (4) is separated, the energy of the flow is dissipated, and projects such as energy dissipating submerged sills (7) and check dams (8) are used to gradually reduce the energy of the outburst flood and debris flow (4); rocks having huge impact energy to the downstream area are blocked; the movement of channel and channel edge provenance is controlled to prevent forming debris flows; and in addition, and the formed diluted debris flow or debris flow having high volumetric weight and low viscosity can be subjected to water-stone separation to convert the diluted debris flow into flood.

Classes IPC  ?

• E02B 1/00 - Equipement, appareils ou procédés pour travaux hydrauliques généraux
• E02B 3/00 - Ouvrages relatifs au contrôle ou à l'utilisation des cours d'eau, rivières, côtes ou autres emplacements maritimes; Etanchements ou joints pour travaux de génie civil en général

Abrégé

A method for prevention and control of ultra-large-scale flood debris flow, comprising: first, determining, within a watershed, the scale of flood debris flow corresponding to a certain standard, then determining the grade of said flood debris flow; then, determining protection design standards for a control engineering system for ultra-large-scale flood debris flow prevention and control in the watershed, and further determining design standards for said critical control engineering; then finally, according to critical control engineering design standards, providing a design method for a sediment storage dam having different functional sections. In the event of an ultra-large-scale glacial flood debris flow, and to ensure the safety of the overall watershed control engineering system, partial bursting of the critical control sediment storage dam body is allowed so as to increase the overflow cross-sectional area and discharge flow, effectively controlling gullying and regulating cross-sectional flow speed with the foundations of the intact sections of the dam body, thereby maximally reducing the threat and damage to railways, highways, bridges, tunnels and the like in the downstream area.

Classes IPC  ?

• E02B 7/04 - Barrages réservoirs
• E02D 27/40 - Fondations pour des retenues d'eau barrant des vallées ou pour des barrages

Abrégé

A method for forming a test flume usable in hydraulic engineering and debris-flow hazard mitigation is provided. The test flume has a foundation flume and an expansion flume. The expansion flume has a lower edge connected to an upper edge of the foundation flume. A hydraulic radius of the test flume is determined based on a model test. A width of the foundation flume is selected based on a size of the test site of the model test. A coefficient is obtained and a width of the test flume is obtained. A cross section curve equation of the expansion flume is obtained based on the hydraulic radius of the test flume, the coefficient, the width of the test flume and the width of the foundation flume. The test flume is formed based on the cross section curve equation of the expansion flume.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01M 10/00 - Tests hydrodynamiques; Aménagements dans ou sur les bassins de tests des navires ou les tunnels hydrauliques
• E02B 1/02 - Modèles hydrauliques

Abrégé

The present invention discloses a tower-shape integrated ecological purification device for domestic sewage in a small town. The device includes a water storage and filter pond, a medium reverse osmosis pond, an amphibious biological reaction system, and an aquatic biological reaction system. The amphibious biological reaction system and the aquatic biological reaction system are alternately connected from the top down. The amphibious biological reaction system and the aquatic biological reaction system form an alternating dry and wet, oxidation-reduction compound environment. Plant absorption, biological substrate transformation, aeration, and strengthening medium adsorption are combined to form a multi-stage plant-microbe-animal integrated ecological purification treatment process/device. The present invention achieves the efficient purification and acceptable discharge of domestic sewage in small towns.

Classes IPC  ?

• C02F 3/32 - Traitement biologique de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout caractérisé par les animaux ou végétaux utilisés, p.ex. les algues
• C02F 9/00 - Traitement en plusieurs étapes de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout
• C02F 3/10 - Garnissages; Remplissages; Grilles
• C02F 1/44 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par dialyse, osmose ou osmose inverse
• C02F 3/34 - Traitement biologique de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout caractérisé par les micro-organismes utilisés
• C02F 1/00 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout
• C02F 1/28 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par absorption ou adsorption
• C02F 1/74 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par oxydation au moyen de l'air
• C02F 3/30 - Procédés aérobies et anaérobies
• C02F 103/00 - Nature de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux ou boues d'égout à traiter
• C02F 3/00 - Traitement biologique de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout

Abrégé

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A method for regulating and controlling discharge flow of a dammed lake includes steps of: (S1) estimating a most dangerous discharge condition; (S2) based on the most dangerous discharge condition, calculating a structural internal force of the steel flexible net; (S3) based on the internal force of the steel flexible net, calculating an anti-slide embedded depth at two sides of the steel flexible net; (S4) based on the most dangerous discharge condition, manually excavating a channel; and (S5) based on the anti-slide embedded depth at the two sides of the steel flexible net, embedding the steel flexible net into a barrier dam. According to the present invention, the steel flexible net is laid on the upstream slope of the barrier dam, two sides of the steel flexible net is embedded into the slope body with gravels of the barrier dam, and cooperates with the channel for usage.

Classes IPC  ?

• E02B 3/02 - Régulation de cours d'eau, p.ex. dérochement sous l'eau, nettoyage de lits de cours d'eau, orientation du courant
• E02B 5/08 - Cours d'eau artificiels - Parties constitutives, p.ex. portes, crépines
• E02B 5/02 - Construction ou revêtement de canaux

Abrégé

Provided are a shaped cross-section test water chute design method and application thereof. The shaped cross-section test water chute comprises a lower chute (1) and an upper chute (2); the lower edge of the upper chute (2) is in contact with the upper edge of the chute wall of the lower chute (1); the cross-sectional shape of the lower chute (1) is rectangular, semicircular, or triangular; the chute wall of the upper chute (2) is two axially symmetric curves. The shaped cross-section test water chute design method comprises: first, determining the design hydraulic radius R of the water chute and the width b of the lower chute, then calculating the lower chute depth d and the water chute width B, and finally calculating the equation of the curve of the chute wall of the upper chute (2). In the method, the cross section of the test water chute is designed as a shaped cross section such that the hydraulic radius of the overflow cross-section does not change with the change of water depth (mud depth), thus performing the function of a control variable, solving the problem of it being difficult to control the hydraulic radius of the overflow cross-section of an existing rectangular test water chute; the invention also provides convenience for exploring the relationship between the hydraulic radius of the overflow cross-section and the cross-section average flow rate of clean water flow, high-sand-content flow, and debris flow, and other kinematic parameters.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01M 10/00 - Tests hydrodynamiques; Aménagements dans ou sur les bassins de tests des navires ou les tunnels hydrauliques
• E02B 1/02 - Modèles hydrauliques
• G09B 23/12 - Modèles à usage scientifique, médical ou mathématique, p.ex. dispositif en vraie grandeur pour la démonstration pour la physique pour la statique ou la dynamique des liquides ou des gaz

Abrégé

An asymmetric debris-flow discharge channel is provided. The debris-flow discharge channel has a main drainage channel for discharging a debris flow and an auxiliary channel provided outside of the main drainage channel. The side walls of the auxiliary channel are integrated with the side walls of the main drainage channel or provided outside of the side walls of the main drainage channel. The debris-flow discharge channel also has a break section integrated into a side wall of the auxiliary channel. The top width of the break section is equal to the top width of the auxiliary channel A method for designing and building the asymmetric debris-flow discharge channel is also provided, which provides a lower initial cost, higher safety performance, and a lower maintenance cost at the operating stage.

Classes IPC  ?

• E02B 13/00 - Fossés d'irrigation, c. à d. écoulement par gravité, réseaux de distribution d'eau à canaux ouverts
• E02B 3/02 - Régulation de cours d'eau, p.ex. dérochement sous l'eau, nettoyage de lits de cours d'eau, orientation du courant
• E02B 5/00 - Cours d'eau artificiels
• E03F 1/00 - Procédés, systèmes ou installations pour l'évacuation des eaux d'égout ou des eaux d'orage
• E02B 5/02 - Construction ou revêtement de canaux
• E02B 3/04 - Ouvrages, appareils ou procédés pour la protection des berges, des côtes ou des ports
• E02B 11/00 - Drainage du sol, p.ex. à des fins agricoles

Abrégé

A method of designing a box-type energy-dissipating section of a box-type energy-dissipating mudflow diversion flume. Firstly, the longitudinal gradient J of the flume and the roughness coefficient n 0 of a fully-lined flume bottom (1) are determined. Then, the parameters of the box-type energy-dissipating section are set, and related parameters are substituted into a formula for calculation, so that the overall roughness coefficient n of the flume is obtained. Further, the flow velocity of the mudflow is calculated by means of the Manning formula. Finally, the flow velocity of the mudflow is compared with the non-scouring and non-silting velocity allowed by the flume, and the design value of the box-type energy-dissipating section is obtained through final optimization. The method factors in the longitudinal gradient J of the flume, the length L of the box-type energy-dissipating section, the width b of the box-type energy-dissipating section, and the average diameter D of filler stones. With the method, the overall roughness coefficient n of the flume under different design conditions can be determined reasonably, so as to further implement the optimized design of the box-type energy-dissipating section of the box-type energy-dissipating mudflow flume. Further provided is an application of the method of designing a box-type energy-dissipating section of a box-type energy-dissipating mudflow flume.

Classes IPC  ?

• E02B 5/08 - Cours d'eau artificiels - Parties constitutives, p.ex. portes, crépines
• E02B 8/06 - Déversoirs; Dispositifs pour dissiper l'énergie, p.ex. pour réduire les remous
• E02B 5/00 - Cours d'eau artificiels

Abrégé

A flexible barrier includes: posts, retaining ropes and a metal net; wherein each of the posts comprises a post body and a post foundation hinged; the retaining ropes includes longitudinal retaining ropes, top retaining ropes, intermediate retaining ropes, and diagonal retaining ropes connected between the posts and the metal net; wherein a lower portion of the metal net is obliquely arranged towards a downstream of a slope; the metal net is loose when no impact is applied and a bottom of the metal net is fixed with short anchors; the bottom of the metal net has a redundancy and is folded towards a upstream of the slope or buried in the slope.

Classes IPC  ?

• E01F 7/04 - Dispositifs de protection contre les avalanches ou les chutes de pierres, p.ex. structures empêchant les avalanches, galeries

Abrégé

Disclosed is an asymmetric debris flow drainage trough, comprising a main trough (1) for draining debris flow under the design standard, and an auxiliary trough (2) arranged above the main trough (1). An auxiliary trough side wall (4) and a main trough side wall (3) are connected into a whole, or the auxiliary trough side wall (4) is located above the outer side of the main trough side walls (3). The section of the auxiliary trough side wall (4) on the side with a low design protection standard serves as a burst section (5). The material of the burst section (5) is different from that of the other sections of the auxiliary trough side wall (4).

Classes IPC  ?

• E02B 5/00 - Cours d'eau artificiels

Abrégé

A method of designing a box-type energy-dissipating section of a box-type energy-dissipating mudflow diversion flume. Firstly, the longitudinal gradient J of the flume and the roughness coefficient n 0 of a fully-lined flume bottom (1) are determined. Then, the parameters of the box-type energy-dissipating section are set, and related parameters are substituted into a formula for calculation, so that the overall roughness coefficient n of the flume is obtained. Further, the flow velocity of the mudflow is calculated by means of the Manning formula. Finally, the flow velocity of the mudflow is compared with the non-scouring and non-silting velocity allowed by the flume, and the design value of the box-type energy-dissipating section is obtained through final optimization. The method factors in the longitudinal gradient J of the flume, the length L of the box-type energy-dissipating section, the width b of the box-type energy-dissipating section, and the average diameter D of filler stones. With the method, the overall roughness coefficient n of the flume under different design conditions can be determined reasonably, so as to further implement the optimized design of the box-type energy-dissipating section of the box-type energy-dissipating mudflow flume. Further provided is an application of the method of designing a box-type energy-dissipating section of a box-type energy-dissipating mudflow flume.

Classes IPC  ?

• E02B 5/00 - Cours d'eau artificiels

Abrégé

A debris flow drainage channel is provided. The debris flow drainage channel is applicable to debris flows with large gully bed longitudinal slopes. The debris flow drainage channel has an upstream step section and a downstream step section. The debris flow drainage channel also has a step pool disposed between the upstream step section and the downstream step section. The pool section has a cable net cage bottom protection, a cable net cage buffer layer and block stones.

Classes IPC  ?

• E02B 3/10 - Barrages; Digues; Canaux à vannes ou autres ouvrages pour digues, barrages ou analogues
• E02B 8/02 - Vannes de dégravoiement; Dessableurs; Dispositifs pour arrêter les corps flottants
• E01F 7/04 - Dispositifs de protection contre les avalanches ou les chutes de pierres, p.ex. structures empêchant les avalanches, galeries
• E02B 5/00 - Cours d'eau artificiels
• E02B 5/08 - Cours d'eau artificiels - Parties constitutives, p.ex. portes, crépines

Abrégé

A step-pool structure debris flow guide groove comprises a guide groove bottom and sidewalls (1) on two sides of the guide groove bottom. The guide groove bottom comprises a plurality of total lining step sections (2) disposed at an interval and pool sections filled between upstream and downstream step sections (2). Each of the step sections comprises an upper notched sill (3) located at upstream, a lower notched sill (4) located at downstream, and a total lining bottom plate (5) connecting the upper notched sill (3) and the lower notched sill (4). Each of the pool sections comprises a steel cable net cage body protecting bottom (6), a steel cable net cage body buffer layer (7), and a dimension stone (8). The steel cable net cage body buffer layer (7) is disposed above the steel cable net cage body protecting bottom (6), and is closely attaches to the upper notched sill (3) of the downstream step section (2). The dimension stone (8) is disposed in space enclosed by sidewalls (1), the steel cable net cage body protecting bottom (6), the lower notched sill (4) of the upstream step section (2) and the steel cable net cage body buffer layer (7). The structure of each of the steel cable net cage body protecting bottom (6) and the steel cable net cage body buffer layer (7) is that steel cable meshes wrap the dimension stone (8).

Classes IPC  ?

• E02B 5/00 - Cours d'eau artificiels

Abrégé

A debris flow drainage trough planning and designing method comprises the following steps: determining the total length L of a proposed drainage trough and the longitudinal gradient of a drainage trough gully bed; determining the full lining trough type of an inlet section (1), the length L1 of the inlet section (1) and the included angle α between a side wall and a main trough of the inlet section (1); determining the full lining trough type of an outlet section (4), the length L4 of the outlet section (4) and the included angle β between a side wall and the main trough of the outlet section (4); determining the full lining trough type of an acceleration section (2) and the length L2 of the acceleration section (2); and finally, determining the trough type of a main trough section (3) and the length L3 of the main trough section (3). The method provides high drainage efficiency, makes siltation avoided, provides effective protection, and needs low cost. Also disclosed is an application of the designing method.

Classes IPC  ?

• E02B 1/00 - Equipement, appareils ou procédés pour travaux hydrauliques généraux
• E02B 3/04 - Ouvrages, appareils ou procédés pour la protection des berges, des côtes ou des ports
• E02B 3/10 - Barrages; Digues; Canaux à vannes ou autres ouvrages pour digues, barrages ou analogues
• E02B 5/00 - Cours d'eau artificiels
• E01F 7/04 - Dispositifs de protection contre les avalanches ou les chutes de pierres, p.ex. structures empêchant les avalanches, galeries

Abrégé

Disclosed are a debris flow diversion dam automatically distributing drainage and silting and a design method thereof. The diversion dam comprises a dam foundation (1) and a dam main body provided on the dam foundation (1); the bottom part of the dam main body is provided with a diversion hole (2) connected to a drainage ditch, the top part of the dam main body is provided with a diversion weir (3) which is connected to a silting field; the diversion weir (3) is located above a side of the diversion hole (2), and the elevation of a top face of the diversion hole (2) is the same as the elevation of a bottom face of the diversion weir (3); and the size of the cross-sectional area of the diversion hole (2) is determined by the projected throughput of the drainage ditch, and the size of the cross-sectional area of the diversion weir (3) is determined by the projected throughput of the silting field. The debris flow diversion dam uses a diversion hole to control the throughput of debris flow entering the drainage ditch, rationally distributing the debris flow to the drainage ditch and the silting field, preventing a higher volume than the projected standard of debris flow from overflowing in the drainage ditch, and also preventing a higher volume than a projected standard of debris flow from entering a main river and creating a landslide dam.

Classes IPC  ?

• E02B 7/04 - Barrages réservoirs
• E02B 8/00 - HYDRAULIQUE - Parties constitutives des barrages ou déversoirs

Abrégé

A semi-assembled ecotype debris dam for mudflow comprises a dam body foundation (2) and a dam body thereon. The dam body comprises a mudflow overflowing segment (3) and dam abutments being on the two sides of the overflowing segment (3). The mudflow overflowing segment (3) is constructed by mortar and masonry or concrete or reinforced concrete. The dam abutments are formed by several prefabricated reinforced concrete cuboid cases (1) being cross connected. The cuboid cases (1) are open in the top surface and are sealed in the other five surfaces. The interior of the cuboid cases (1) is filled with soil body and the surface of the soil body which is not covered by the upper cuboid cases (1) is planted with bushes or grasses. The gradients of the inside and outside slopes of the dam abutments are equal and the inside of the dam abutments is installed with a buffering cushion (9). Disclosed is also a construction method of the semi-assembled ecotype debris dam for mudflow.

Classes IPC  ?

• E02B 7/10 - Barrages-poids, c. à d. pour lesquels le poids de l'ouvrage empêche son renversement

Abrégé

A debris flow drainage and guide canal with a lined box body comprises a drainage and guide canal bottom and drainage and guide canal side walls (3) on two sides thereof. The drainage and guide canal bottom comprises a transverse penetrating-type rib sill (2) and several levels of energy-dissipating sills fitted between upstream and downstream rib sills (2) and distributed in a ladder-like manner. Each level of the energy-dissipating sill is formed by several prefabricated rectangular boxes (1) made of reinforced concrete and connected along the direction transversely running through the drainage and guide canal. The top side of the rectangular box (1) is open, and the other five sides are closed. The rectangular box (1) is filled with soil. The debris flow drainage and guide canal is safer, and reduces later maintenance costs. Also provided are an application and a construction method of the debris flow drainage and guide canal.

Classes IPC  ?

• E02B 5/02 - Construction ou revêtement de canaux

Abrégé

The invention discloses a debris-flow prevention method by controlling debris-flow magnitude and avoiding to block main river. This method first adopts the drainage works for delivering debris flow in corporation with the transport of the main river; if the drained sediment cannot be transported by the main river, the blocking works are adopted; and if the sediment still exceeds the delivering capacity, the deposit stopping works are adopted. Compared with the prior art, this invention makes full use of the main river's transport capacity, gives priority to dredging and also reasonably distributes the sediment and deploys the engineering system, so as to realize the safe discharge of debris flow, and avoid the secondary disaster of “barrier lake” caused by the blocking of main river due to excessive discharge of debris flow and fully guarantee the safety of mountain towns, major projects and infrastructure located at the mouth of debris flow gully.

Classes IPC  ?

• F17D 3/00 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou la commande des opérations de fonctionnement

Abrégé

An assembled mud-rock flow debris dam and construction method thereof are provided. The dam has multiple prefabricated reinforced concrete cubic boxes (1) connected to each other in a transverse and vertical manner to form a dam body. Each cubic box (1) is provided with an opened top surface and five closed surfaces and filled with soil. The dam body is located on a dam pedestal (2). A shoulder base (9) and an inner side slope (3) of the dam body are filled with stone masonry or concrete. A dam top (4) is provided with stone masonry or concrete closed top surface. Compared with prior art, the dam fully utilizes the fast assembling characteristic of the cubic boxes (1) to pre-form cubic boxes (1) at a field far away from the dam while constructing the dam pedestal (2), thus reducing construction period and influence on a circumferential environment around the dam. The cubic boxes (1) can directly be filled with existing soil body in the channel so as to solve the problem of mass transportation of construction material. The dam saves investment cost by 20-50 percent and construction period by 20-80 percent compared with the traditional dam.

Classes IPC  ?

• E02B 7/08 - Barrages en maçonnerie

Abrégé

A preventing and controlling method for main river transport controlling debris flow includes: first, according to the transport ability of the main river, a drainage project is used to prevent and control the debris flow. Then, based on the drainage project, if any debris flow matters can't be transported to the lower reach by the main river, a drainage project and a block project will be used at the same time to prevent and control the debris flow. Furthermore, based on the drainage project and the block project, if any debris flow matters still can't be consumed completely, a drainage project, a block project and a deposit project will be combined together to prevent and control the debris flow. Dredge is considered as a primary means in the method. The transport ability of the main river is used sufficiently and debris flow matters are distributed reasonably along the path. A preventing and controlling system is then arranged reasonably. Safe drainage of debris flow can be achieved and barrier lake, a secondary disaster, formed by blocking the main river which is caused by draining debris flow overly can be avoided by the method. The safety of towns in mountain areas, important projects and infrastructures positioned at the debris flow gully mouth can be ensured.

Classes IPC  ?

• E02B 3/00 - Ouvrages relatifs au contrôle ou à l'utilisation des cours d'eau, rivières, côtes ou autres emplacements maritimes; Etanchements ou joints pour travaux de génie civil en général

Abrégé

A duplex type debris flow drainage channel comprises a main channel (1) and buffer areas (2). The buffer areas (2) are located on two sides of the main channel (1), and gravity retaining walls (3) are provided on the boundary of the buffer areas (2). The debris flow drainage channel can not only improve the drainage capacity of debris flow but also improve the utilization rate of land.

Classes IPC  ?

• E02B 5/00 - Cours d'eau artificiels
• E02B 3/10 - Barrages; Digues; Canaux à vannes ou autres ouvrages pour digues, barrages ou analogues
• E01F 7/04 - Dispositifs de protection contre les avalanches ou les chutes de pierres, p.ex. structures empêchant les avalanches, galeries
• E02D 29/02 - Murs de soutènement ou de protection

Abrégé

A debris flow drainage groove based on a cascade antiscour notched sill group comprises flow restricting sidewalls (2) and a cascade antiscour notched sill group which is placed between, connected with and cooperatively used with the flow restricting sidewalls (2). The cascade antiscour notched sill group is composed of some antiscour notched sills (1) with certain embedded depths. The cascade antiscour notched sill group is distributed according to certain spacing every two cascades. Two antiscour notched sills (1) provided between the flow restricting sidewalls (2) are distributed in bilateral symmetry relative to the centerline of the debris flow drainage groove and form one cascade of the cascade antiscour notched sill group together. The width D of the debris flow groove is more than twice of the transverse length B of the antiscour notched sills (1) in the vertical direction of the flow restricting sidewalls (2). The application of the debris flow drainage groove is also provided. The debris flow drainage groove can completely ensure the stability of the flow restricting sidewall, and debris flow is not easy to deposit in case of small channel bed gradient.

Classes IPC  ?

• E02B 3/04 - Ouvrages, appareils ou procédés pour la protection des berges, des côtes ou des ports
• E02B 5/00 - Cours d'eau artificiels
• E01F 7/04 - Dispositifs de protection contre les avalanches ou les chutes de pierres, p.ex. structures empêchant les avalanches, galeries