The present invention is related to the use of ethylene alkanoate-alkyl acrylate bipolymers with a high randomness monomers distribution, which are synthesized by semicontinuous emulsion polymerization process, characterized because it is carried out using slow addition rate of the pre-emulsion feeding ({dot over (q)}≤0.009 kg·L−1·min−1), stabilized this last one by alkyl glycol ether type surfactants, at temperatures higher than 75° C. and with solids contents above 25 wt %, which avoids the formation of large sequences (blocks) of a same monomer. This structural characteristic gives the ethylene alkanoate-alkyl acrylate bipolymers a high efficiency as chemical agents for removal of complex water/crude oil emulsions of crude oil blends.
C08F 2/30 - Polymérisation en émulsion utilisant des agents émulsifiants non ioniques
C08F 216/38 - Copolymères de composés contenant un ou plusieurs radicaux aliphatiques non saturés, chaque radical ne contenant qu'une seule liaison double carbone-carbone et l'un au moins étant terminé par un radical alcool, éther, aldéhyde, cétone, acétal ou céta par un radical acétal ou cétal
C08F 220/18 - Esters des alcools ou des phénols monohydriques des phénols ou des alcools contenant plusieurs atomes de carbone avec l'acide acrylique ou l'acide méthacrylique
C08L 33/08 - Homopolymères ou copolymères des esters de l'acide acrylique
2.
DOWNHOLE DEVICE FOR HYDROCARBON PRODUCING WELLS WITHOUT CONVENTIONAL TUBING
The present invention is related to a downhole device for hydrocarbon producing wells without conventional tubing (tubingless completion), which improves the hydrocarbon production (gas, oil and condensate), selectively controls produced solids (reservoir sand and hydraulic fracture proppant) and eliminates liquid loading. The device of the present invention is designed according to selected well and reservoir characteristics by an integral methodology which includes the stages: data collection and analysis of the well operating conditions, selection of candidate well, sampling and analysis of produced solids, simulation of production conditions, design and manufacture and installation.
The present invention is related to a downhole device for hydrocarbon producing wells without conventional tubing (tubingless completion), which improves the hydrocarbon production (gas, oil and condensate), selectively controls produced solids (reservoir sand and hydraulic fracture proppant) and eliminates liquid loading. The device of the present invention is designed according to selected well and reservoir characteristics by an integral methodology which includes the stages: data collection and analysis of the well operating conditions, selection of candidate well, sampling and analysis of produced solids, simulation of production conditions, design and manufacture and installation.
The device of the present invention:
Is installed, through an operation with slick line unit or any other operational method, to any well depth, according to well mechanical characteristics and needs;
Has a filtering element at the lower end which selectively retains produced solids from 50 microns, avoiding their transport from bottomhole to surface with produced fluids in the well, causing pressure drops through filtering element and porous media, and protecting of abrasion all components of petroleum production system;
Improves well production conditions due to the system internal geometry, generates a suction and dispersion effect of accumulated liquid in bottomhole, reducing up to 70% of pressure requirement to transport free of heavy particles liquids, from bottomhole to surface and increasing hydrocarbon production up to 300%;
Takes advantage of expansion energy of reservoir gas to change the intermittent flow pattern into dispersed flow pattern, increases gas velocity at least to 6 m/s, optimizing the flow pattern from bottomhole to surface, and extending the productive life; and
Optimizes the remaining reservoir energy and pressure, reducing produced water up to 60%, avoiding the premature use of other technologies to promote hydrocarbon production.
The present disclosure relates to novel demulsifying agents obtained from the functionalization of random bipolymers based on alkyl acrylate and aminoalkyl acrylate with different acrylic derivatives, using the aza-Michael addition reaction. The amphoteric random acrylic bipolymers were evaluated as demulsifying agents for crude oils with API densities between 10 and 40° API, showing superior performance as breakers, coalescers and clarifiers than the non-functionalized acrylic bipolymer and a commercial formulation based on polyethers.
The present disclosure relates to equipment, procedures, and materials for the diagnosis and control of formation and/or fracture granular solids from hydrocarbon-producing zones, produced during the operation of wells in the oil industry. This surface technology does not require the use of repair equipment and relies on filtering elements and sieves installed in a high-efficiency equipment that takes advantage of the cyclonic effect of phase separation, designed, and built to safeguard the integrity of the equipment and surface conduction lines.
The present invention is related to a process for obtaining organic ammonium salts (OAS) and their derivatives, supramolecular surfactants (SS), which simultaneously present the properties of traceability and detergents dispersant of organic scales. Organic ammonium salts (OAS) and their derivatives supramolecular surfactants (SS) have applications as differentiators, markers, or tracers in fuels derived from hydrocarbons; and also to disperse organic scales or inhibit the gums precipitation both in injectors and intake valves of automotive vehicle engines. Organic ammonium salts (OAS) are obtained through an acid-base reaction between a molecule from the azo family and an amine. Once the OAS is obtained, it reacts with an organic compound (OC) so that through non-covalent interactions, a self-assembly process occurs that gives rise to the SS. Said process is based on green chemistry, that is, in the absence of solvents. These OAS and SS are quantified through the analytical techniques of ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) through a calibration curve. Additionally, its performance as a gum-dispersing agent in a single-cylinder engine is evaluated.
C07C 245/08 - Composés azo, c. à d. composés ayant les valences libres de groupes —N=N— attachées à des atomes différents, p.ex. diazohydroxydes avec des atomes d'azote de groupes azo liés à des atomes de carbone de cycles aromatiques à six chaînons avec les deux atomes d'azote de groupes azo liés à des atomes de carbone de cycles aromatiques à six chaînons, p.ex. azobenzène
C07C 211/63 - Composés d'ammonium quaternaire ayant des atomes d'azote quaternisés liés à des atomes de carbone acycliques
C07C 215/40 - Composés contenant des groupes amino et hydroxy liés au même squelette carboné ayant des groupes hydroxy et des groupes amino liés à des atomes de carbone acycliques du même squelette carboné avec des atomes d'azote quaternisés liés à des atomes de carbone du squelette carboné
C09B 29/01 - Colorants monoazoïques préparés par diazotation et copulation caractérisés par le composant diazo
C09B 67/18 - Modification des propriétés physiques par traitement par une amine
C10L 1/222 - Composés organiques contenant de l'azote contenant au moins une liaison simple carbone-azote
C10L 1/226 - Composés organiques contenant de l'azote contenant au moins une liaison azote-azote, p.ex. composés azoïques, azides, hydrazines
C10L 1/232 - Composés organiques contenant de l'azote contenant de l'azote dans un hétérocycle
C10L 1/233 - Composés organiques contenant de l'azote contenant de l'azote dans un hétérocycle contenant de l'azote et de l'oxygène dans le noyau, p.ex. oxazoles
C10L 10/06 - Utilisation d'additifs à des fins particulières dans les combustibles ou les feux pour faciliter l'enlèvement de la suie
+ hydrocarbons, with high efficiency, shaped of microspheres or cylinders from copolymers of poly (vinylidene chloride-co-methyl acrylate) with density of 1.3 to 1.85 g/cm.sup.3 or poly (vinylidene chloride-co-vinyl chloride) with density of 1.3 to 1.85 g/cm.sup.3, using two stages. The first stage consists of a surface passivation of the material by chemical attack in a highly alkaline alcohol solution, with the aim of effecting a precarbonization on the surface of the copolymer that during the pyrolysis process is not deformed and gradually develops microporosity. The material of the first stage presents, in the layer, percentages between 55% to 85% carbon, between 5% to 20% oxygen, and between 10% to 40% chlorine. The interior of the material presents lower percentages of carbon, between 30% to 65%, oxygen in the amount of between 2% to 6%, and chlorine in the amount of between 30% to 60%. The second stage consists of the gradual pyrolysis of the passivated copolymer, with the aim of developing microporosity and high surface area values; as well as during the melting and gas dehydrohalogenation stages thereof, the deformation of the material is avoided. The morphology of the copolymers are microspheres of 125 to 225 micrometers, or cylinders of 4 mm in height and 3 mm in diameter, which after pyrolysis reduce its size by 35% with respect to the initial one. The material of the second stage, which is already microporous carbon material, presents in the layer percentages between 90% to 100% carbon and between 10% to 0% oxygen.
B01J 20/285 - Absorbants ou adsorbants poreux à base de polymères
B01D 53/02 - SÉPARATION Épuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p.ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par adsorption, p.ex. chromatographie préparatoire en phase gazeuse
B01J 20/20 - Compositions absorbantes ou adsorbantes solides ou compositions facilitant la filtration; Absorbants ou adsorbants pour la chromatographie; Procédés pour leur préparation, régénération ou réactivation contenant une substance inorganique contenant du carbone obtenu par des procédés de carbonisation
B01J 20/28 - Compositions absorbantes ou adsorbantes solides ou compositions facilitant la filtration; Absorbants ou adsorbants pour la chromatographie; Procédés pour leur préparation, régénération ou réactivation caractérisées par leur forme ou leurs propriétés physiques
B01J 20/30 - Procédés de préparation, de régénération ou de réactivation
7.
NAPHTHALENE TYPE POLYMERS AS SOLID HYDROGEN TRANSFER AGENTS (SHTA), COMBINED WITH HYDROTREATING CATALYSTS TO OBTAIN ULTRA LOW SULFUR DIESEL (ULSD)
The present disclosure involves application of heterogeneous hydrogen donors (DHH) or solid hydrogen transfer agents (SHTA) prepared from a polymer with units containing the structure of naphthalene, phenanthrene or anthracene, which can be supported, anchored or in physical mixture with metal oxides such as alumina, silica, titania or kaolin and/or mixture of them, to be used in beds combined with an ULSD or non-ULSD HDS catalyst, to obtain ultra-low sulfur diesel in cuts and/or streams derived from petroleum and/or a mixture thereof, such as SRGO, kerosine, jet fuel, naphtha, etc. The SHTA of the present disclosure provide an additional amount of hydrogen atoms facilitating the removal of refractory sulfur compounds in the HDS process.
C08G 63/66 - Polyesters contenant de l'oxygène sous forme de groupes éther
C10G 45/04 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène pour éliminer des hétéro-atomes sans modifier le squelette de l'hydrocarbure mis en œuvre et sans craquage en hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition inférieur; Hydrofinissage caractérisé par le catalyseur utilisé
8.
RANDOM ACRYLIC TERPOLYMERS OF CONTROLLED MOLECULAR MASS USEFUL AS WATER IN CRUDE OIL EMULSIONS DESTABILIZERS
The present disclosure is related to novel random terpolymers of alkyl-acrylate, carboxyalkyl-acrylate, and alkoxyalkyl-acrylate, and to processes for their preparation, and processes for their use as dehydrating-desalting agents of crude oil, particularly, their use as destabilizers of water-in-crude oil (W/O) emulsions, including their use to remove water and salts dissolved in crude oils with gravities between around 10 and around 40° API.
The present invention relates to supramolecular surfactants (SS) with detergent-dispersant of heavy organic compounds (deposits and/or organic scales) and corrosion inhibition properties, and methods for preparing these surfactants. The invention also relates to the corresponding uses and applications of these surfactants to prevent and control the formation of deposits in internal combustion machines, as well as to prevent and protect pipelines, tanks, motors and complements of ferrous materials against corrosion where there is contact with liquid hydrocarbons such as gasoline, turbosine, and diesel, where gasoline may contain oxygenated compounds such as ethers and/or alcohols. The supramolecular surfactants are obtained from the self-assembly process between oxazolidines derived from polyalkyl/polyalkenyl N-hydroxyalkyl succinimides with alkyl/alkenyl-amine-propanoic acids and alkyl/alkenyl-amine-di-propanoic acids. The concentration of supramolecular surfactants in liquid fuels is quantified through a process based on determining the interfacial tension in a fuel/water/supramolecular surfactant system.
C10L 10/04 - Utilisation d'additifs à des fins particulières dans les combustibles ou les feux pour réduire la corrosion ou l'encrassage
C09K 15/30 - Compositions anti-oxydantes; Compositions inhibant les modifications chimiques contenant des composés organiques contenant un hétérocycle avec au moins un azote comme membre du cycle
C09K 15/20 - Compositions anti-oxydantes; Compositions inhibant les modifications chimiques contenant des composés organiques contenant de l'azote et de l'oxygène
10.
METHOD FOR OBTAINING AN ADDITIVE FOR DISPERSING ASPHALTENE PARTICLES
The present invention relates to an additive for dispersing asphaltene particles and to a method for producing same that comprises the following steps: a) adding water, montmorillonite powder and an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid in a container; b) stirring continuously; c) filtering and washing with distilled water until obtaining a neutral pH; d) drying with maghnite-H+1; e) adding R+limonene and β-pinene to a container with maghnite-H+1; f) waiting until a copolymerisation reaction is generated and a mixture is obtained; g) filtering the mixture obtained from the copolymerisation reaction; h) precipitating in a low-molecular-weight alcohol; and i) separating by means of filtration, and vacuum drying.
C09K 8/58 - Compositions pour les méthodes de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures, c. à d. pour améliorer la mobilité de l'huile, p.ex. fluides de déplacement
C09K 8/60 - Compositions pour activer la production en agissant sur la formation souterraine
C10L 10/18 - Utilisation de détergents ou de dispersants à des fins non prévues dans les groupes
11.
Process for the activation and start-up of catalysts for deep hydrodesulfurization of middle distillates
The present invention deals with activation and start-up procedures of catalysts for the deep HDS of middle distillates for producing ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD), consisting of two in situ activation stages: at stage 1, TGA is applied, and at stage 2, DMDS is used; kerosene is the transport means at these stages, which are carried out under given temperature and pressure conditions, and feedstock and hydrogen flows at established times. After the activation of the catalyst in situ, the stabilization stage takes place under selected temperature and pressure conditions, feedstock and hydrogen flow at established times, with which the stabilization of the highly dispersed metallic sulfides is achieved and, in this way, the activity of the catalysts removing contaminants for the production of ULSD is increased.
C10G 45/22 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène pour éliminer des hétéro-atomes sans modifier le squelette de l'hydrocarbure mis en œuvre et sans craquage en hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition inférieur; Hydrofinissage avec l'hydrogène dissous ou en suspension dans l'huile
12.
RANDOM BIPOLYMERS OF CONTROLLED MOLECULAR MASS BASED ON HYDROXYACRYLATES AND THEIR USE AS DESTABILIZERS OF WATER/OIL EMULSIONS IN CRUDE OILS
The present disclosure provide bipolymers, based on alkyl acrylate and hydroxyalkyl acrylate, with high randomness and controlled molecular mass, that are useful as demulsifying and dehydrating agents for crude oil. The synthesis of these bipolymers is carried out in a single stage by emulsion polymerization, a process that, in addition to having moderate reaction conditions, allows the control of the homogeneity of the chain size, the molecular mass, and the demulsifying efficiency. These random bipolymers are soluble in organic phase; therefore, these cannot be carried away by the removed water, and are eliminated in the atmospheric distillation stage. An additional advantage is the superior demulsifying and clarifying efficiency of these random bipolymers compared with the polyether formulations widely used at industrial level. In addition, these random bipolymers provide single molecule that performs three functions: breaker, coalescer and clarifier, in contrast to formulations based on at least three different polyethers.
C08L 33/14 - Homopolymères ou copolymères des esters d'esters contenant des atomes d'halogène, d'azote, de soufre ou d'oxygène en plus de l'oxygène du radical carboxyle
C10G 33/04 - Déshydratation ou désémulsification des huiles d'hydrocarbures par des moyens chimiques
The present disclosure provides a scaled-up electrochemical flow cell for performing corrosion and biocorrosion studies of different types of metallic materials, including pipeline steels and new materials. The volume of the cell depends on the dimensions of the cell design, construction, assembly and testing or on the needs and requirements of the user or customer. The cell contains three working electrodes of different geometries (cylinder, disk, and rectangular); a reference electrode coupled to a Luggin capillary and an auxiliary electrode, which are used to determine corrosion rates by the electrochemical and gravimetric method and consists of the adaptation of the following components: (1) lid with hermetic seal with four inlets for electrode placement (auxiliary, working and reference); (2) threaded joint to place the auxiliary electrode; (3) ground joint to place the working electrode (disk or cylindrical) for electrochemical tests; (4) ground joint to place the reference electrode coupled to a Luggin capillary with platinum tip; (5) threaded joint to place the rectangular corrosion coupon for electrochemical tests; (6) threaded coupling to hold the pipe type working electrode and to place a piping system for solution inlet; (7) machined working electrode in pipe form for electrochemical and gravimetric tests; (8) threaded joint to place the pipe type working electrode and solution inlet; (9) threaded opening for solution outlet; (10) threaded opening for coolant inlet; (10) threaded opening for coolant inlet; (11) threaded opening for coolant outlet; (12) magnetic stirrer location. The cell can operate under different fluid flow conditions, simulating different hydrodynamic pipe patterns.
An object of the disclosure is to determine the remaining saturation of existing fluids in naturally fractured and/or homogeneous reservoirs, considering an unconventional tracer test, using the double tracer test method with pressure monitoring (PDTcMP®), which also integrates unused technical elements, in order to estimate more accurately the value of the remaining oil saturation (ROS) in naturally fractured reservoirs, unlike conventional methods used most commonly in homogeneous media. The disclosure substantially modifies the conventional tracer test, as it uses innovative technical elements, which reduce the uncertainty and/or ambiguity associated with conventional tracer tests, when they are applied in naturally fractured reservoirs.
E21B 49/08 - Prélèvement d'échantillons de fluides ou test des fluides dans les trous de forage ou dans les puits
G01N 23/00 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'utilisation de rayonnement [ondes ou particules], p.ex. rayons X ou neutrons, non couvertes par les groupes , ou
G01N 30/00 - Recherche ou analyse de matériaux par séparation en constituants utilisant l'adsorption, l'absorption ou des phénomènes similaires ou utilisant l'échange d'ions, p.ex. la chromatographie
G01V 5/04 - Prospection ou détection au moyen de radiations nucléaires, p.ex. de la radioactivité naturelle ou provoquée spécialement adaptée au carottage
15.
Highly random addition bypolymers for destabilization of complex emulsions in crude oil blends
−1), stabilized this last one by alkyl glycol ether type surfactants, at temperatures higher than 75° C. and with solids contents above 25 wt %, which avoids the formation of large sequences (blocks) of a same monomer. This structural characteristic gives the ethylene alkanoate-alkyl acrylate bipolymers a high efficiency as chemical agents for removal of complex water/crude oil emulsions of crude oil blends.
C08F 2/30 - Polymérisation en émulsion utilisant des agents émulsifiants non ioniques
C08F 216/38 - Copolymères de composés contenant un ou plusieurs radicaux aliphatiques non saturés, chaque radical ne contenant qu'une seule liaison double carbone-carbone et l'un au moins étant terminé par un radical alcool, éther, aldéhyde, cétone, acétal ou céta par un radical acétal ou cétal
C08F 220/18 - Esters des alcools ou des phénols monohydriques des phénols ou des alcools contenant plusieurs atomes de carbone avec l'acide acrylique ou l'acide méthacrylique
C08L 33/08 - Homopolymères ou copolymères des esters de l'acide acrylique
16.
Hydroprocessing of heavy crudes by catalysts in homogeneous phase
This disclosure relates to a procedure, which through the application of a catalyst in homogeneous phase, allows the transformation of heavy hydrocarbons (vacuum residue, atmospheric residue, heavy and extra-heavy crudes) into hydrocarbons of lower molecular weight, characterized because after its application, the hydrocarbons obtain greater API gravity, lower kinematic viscosity and different composition by hydrocarbon families (SARA) that increases the proportion of saturated and aromatic resins and asphalts. The sulphur and nitrogen content is also reduced, resulting in higher yields to high commercial value distillates and a lighter product as compared to the original crude.
C10G 45/50 - Hydrogénation des hydrocarbures aromatiques caractérisée par le catalyseur utilisé contenant du nickel ou du cobalt, ou leurs composés en combinaison avec du chrome, du molybdène ou du tungstène, ou leurs composés
C10G 45/08 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène pour éliminer des hétéro-atomes sans modifier le squelette de l'hydrocarbure mis en œuvre et sans craquage en hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition inférieur; Hydrofinissage caractérisé par le catalyseur utilisé contenant du nickel ou du cobalt, ou leurs composés en combinaison avec du chrome, du molybdène ou du tungstène, ou leurs composés
E21B 43/16 - Procédés de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures
In this invention is described: a) the preparation of a new heterogeneous catalyst based on mesoporous silica with variable geometry of pore arrangement, covalently functionalized by an ionic liquid and as a counterion a tungsten polyoxometalate (Keggin acid); b) the application of this catalyst with dual action: Bronsted-Lowry acid and oxidizing agent; and c) its application in chemical reactions is described as: condensation, oxidation, polymerization, and esterification. This type of catalyst offers the following advantages in the chemical industry 1) reusable; 2) promotes different transformations in a single stage, attributed to their acidic and oxidizing characteristics (dual action); and 3) efficiency in the chemical transformations described, which allow to obtain precursors of homogeneous hydroprocessing catalysts, of interest for some projects of transformation of heavy crude oils in situ.
B01J 31/02 - Catalyseurs contenant des hydrures, des complexes de coordination ou des composés organiques contenant des composés organiques ou des hydrures métalliques
The present disclosure refers to the development of novel random bipolymers, which are comprised of alkyl acrylate and alkoxy alkyl acrylate monomers, as hydrophobic and hydrophilic components, respectively. These bipolymers are synthesized by means of semi-continuous emulsion polymerization, under strict conditions of monomer deficiency, to ensure the randomness and homogeneity of the chains. The application in dissolution of these random bipolymers has shown a dehydrating capacity superior to that of polyethers and phenolic resins, with the additional advantage of being soluble in crude oil. The random bipolymers show excellent performance as breakers of water-in-crude oil emulsions, coalescers of water droplets and clarifiers of the removed aqueous phase, and are chemically stable under acidic conditions.
C08L 35/02 - Homopolymères ou copolymères des esters
19.
PROCESSS TO OBTAIN RANDOM TERPOLYMERS DERIVED FROM ITACONIC ACID, ACONITIC ACID AND/OR ITS ISOMERS, AND ALKENYL SULFONATES AND USE OF THE PRODUCT THEREOF
Random terpolymers are characterized for being tolerant to high concentrations of divalent ions, such as calcium, magnesium, strontium and barium, and that for their application in the reservoir or production rig, treated water, sea water and/or connate water can be used as means of transportation. Furthermore, the terpolymer also can be used to inhibit and disperse mineral scales presents in cooling system and boiler employed in the chemical and oil industry.
Random terpolymers are characterized for being tolerant to high concentrations of divalent ions, such as calcium, magnesium, strontium and barium, and that for their application in the reservoir or production rig, treated water, sea water and/or connate water can be used as means of transportation. Furthermore, the terpolymer also can be used to inhibit and disperse mineral scales presents in cooling system and boiler employed in the chemical and oil industry.
Also, random terpolymers of the present invention have the characteristic of complying with environmental standards established internationally and are classified as particularly non-toxic, so it can be used in pipes and equipment of the petrochemical industry and with the use characteristic freshwater and seawater from offshore and onshore facilities.
C02F 5/10 - Traitement de l'eau avec des produits chimiques complexants ou des agents solubilisants pour l'adoucissement, la prévention ou l'élimination de l'entartrage, p.ex. par addition d'agents séquestrants en utilisant des substances organiques
20.
NON-INTRUSIVE INTEGRAL SYSTEM FOR PIPELINES MONITORING IN REAL TIME
The present disclosure integrates several methodologies for the detection and location of leaks in pipelines that transport hydrocarbons in liquid or gaseous phase. Detection is achieved through the management and processing of the data obtained by various measuring devices installed at strategic points on the pipeline infrastructure, this system does not alter neither structure nor mechanics of pipe and in case of a leak or flow caused by unauthorized actions, sensor system collect information on the physical variables of the fluid. This system may be made up of acoustic monitoring techniques, detection of negative pressure waves, as well as methods of mass and energy balance, integrated by multiple sensors, which are managed and controlled by electronic systems that process the information to determine the point of occurrence of a leak in digital maps. The system operates autonomously through the integration of solar cells for power supply and has satellite communication systems between the inspection sites and a monitoring center. It also can be remotely linked with SCADA systems (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) in real time. Additionally, it also has the technological integration of a motion sensor and a video and/or infrared camera together with a satellite modem whereby it sends images and video to the monitoring center, at the time of an unauthorized intrusion occurred on the pipeline in the area protected by a remote pipeline monitoring terminal (RPMT).
G01M 3/24 - Examen de l'étanchéité des structures ou ouvrages vis-à-vis d'un fluide par utilisation d'un fluide ou en faisant le vide par détection de la présence du fluide à l'emplacement de la fuite en utilisant des vibrations infrasonores, sonores ou ultrasonores
G06Q 50/06 - Fourniture d'électricité, de gaz ou d'eau
G08C 17/02 - Dispositions pour transmettre des signaux caractérisées par l'utilisation d'une voie électrique sans fil utilisant une voie radio
21.
NON-INTRUSIVE INTEGRAL SYSTEM FOR PIPELINES MONITORING IN REAL TIME
The present invention integrates several methodologies for the detection and location of leaks in pipelines that transport hydrocarbons in liquid or gaseous phase. Detection is achieved through the management and processing of the data obtained by various measuring devices installed at strategic points on the pipeline infrastructure, this invention does not alter neither structure nor mechanics of pipe and in case of a leak or flow caused by unauthorized actions, sensor system collect information on the physical variables of the fluid. This technological invention is made up of acoustic monitoring techniques, detection of negative pressure waves, as well as methods of mass and energy balance, integrated by multiple sensors, which are managed and controlled by electronic systems that process the information to determine the point of occurrence of a leak in digital maps. The system operates autonomously through the integration of solar cells for power supply and has satellite communication systems between the inspection sites and a monitoring center. It also can be remotely linked with SCADA systems (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) in real time. Additionally, it also has the technological integration of a motion sensor and a video and/or infrared camera together with a satellite modem whereby it sends images and video to the monitoring center, at the time of an unauthorized intrusion occurred on the pipeline in the area protected by a remote pipeline monitoring terminal (RPMT).
−1), stabilized this last one by alkyl glycol ether type surfactants, at temperatures higher than 75° C. and with solids contents above 25 wt %, which avoids the formation of large sequences (blocks) of a same monomer. This structural characteristic gives the ethylene alkanoate-alkyl acrylate bipolymers a high efficiency as chemical agents for removal of complex water/crude oil emulsions of crude oil blends.
C08F 2/30 - Polymérisation en émulsion utilisant des agents émulsifiants non ioniques
C08F 216/38 - Copolymères de composés contenant un ou plusieurs radicaux aliphatiques non saturés, chaque radical ne contenant qu'une seule liaison double carbone-carbone et l'un au moins étant terminé par un radical alcool, éther, aldéhyde, cétone, acétal ou céta par un radical acétal ou cétal
C08F 220/18 - Esters des alcools ou des phénols monohydriques des phénols ou des alcools contenant plusieurs atomes de carbone avec l'acide acrylique ou l'acide méthacrylique
23.
Downhole device for hydrocarbon producing wells without conventional tubing
The present invention is related to a downhole device for hydrocarbon producing wells without conventional tubing (tubingless completion), which improves the hydrocarbon production (gas, oil and condensate), selectively controls produced solids (reservoir sand and hydraulic fracture proppant) and eliminates liquid loading. The device of the present invention is designed according to selected well and reservoir characteristics by an integral methodology which includes the stages: data collection and analysis of the well operating conditions, selection of candidate well, sampling and analysis of produced solids, simulation of production conditions, design and manufacture and installation.
The present disclosure belongs to the field of chemical products for petroleum conditioning, in particular demulsifying agents. This disclosure concerns the application of terpolymers based on combinations of alkyl acrylates, aminoalkyl acrylates, and alkoxyalkyl acrylates, to destabilize water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions, in order to remove the emulsified water and salts dissolved in it, specifically, in the triphasic separation units for crude oils with API densities from 8 to 40° API.
C08F 220/18 - Esters des alcools ou des phénols monohydriques des phénols ou des alcools contenant plusieurs atomes de carbone avec l'acide acrylique ou l'acide méthacrylique
C08F 220/28 - Esters contenant de l'oxygène en plus de l'oxygène de la fonction carboxyle ne contenant pas de cycles aromatiques dans la partie alcool
25.
LIGNIN DEPOLYMERISATION AND DEOXYGENATION PROCESS FOR OBTAINING AROMATIC COMPOUNDS AND THEIR CATALYTIC REACTION COMPOSITION
The present invention is related to a catalytic process, which includes catalytic compositions for depolymerisation and deoxygenation of lignin contained in the biomass for obtaining aromatic hydrocarbons. The catalytic composition consists of at least one non-noble element from group VIIIB of the periodic table supported on a mesoporous matrix composed of an inorganic oxide, which can be alumina surface-modified with a second inorganic oxide with the object of inhibiting the interaction between the active component and the support. The process of lignin depolymerisation consists of dissolving lignin in a mixture of protic liquids, reacting it I a reaction system by batch or in continuous flow at inert and/or reducing atmosphere, at a temperature of between 60 to 320° C. and a pressure of from 5 to 90 kg/cm2. When the reaction is developed into a batch system, oxygenated aromatic hydrocarbons are mainly produced, both by thermal as well as catalytic depolymerisation, whereas in a continuous flow reaction system, deoxygenated aromatic hydrocarbons are produced.
C08J 11/16 - Récupération ou traitement des résidus des polymères par coupure des chaînes moléculaires des polymères ou rupture des liaisons de réticulation par voie chimique, p.ex. dévulcanisation par traitement avec une substance inorganique
C07C 45/52 - Préparation de composés comportant des groupes C=O liés uniquement à des atomes de carbone ou d'hydrogène; Préparation des chélates de ces composés par pyrolyse, réarrangement ou décomposition par déshydratation et réarrangement faisant intervenir deux groupes hydroxyle de la même molécule
C07C 45/59 - Préparation de composés comportant des groupes C=O liés uniquement à des atomes de carbone ou d'hydrogène; Préparation des chélates de ces composés à partir de composés hétérocycliques avec l'oxygène comme unique hétéro-atome dans des cycles à cinq chaînons
C07C 41/00 - Préparation d'éthers; Préparation de composés comportant des groupes , des groupes ou des groupes
B01J 29/03 - Catalyseurs contenant des tamis moléculaires n'ayant pas de propriétés d'échangeurs de base
This disclosure relates to an organic gel formulation composition for blocking fluids in naturally fractured carbonate reservoirs, for salinity conditions up to 31,870.50 ppm of total dissolved solids and temperatures up to 120° C., that is, for the purpose temporarily isolating areas of the reservoirs, that will be treated with chemical and radioactive products to quantify the oil remaining in them, the stability of the gel is controlled in a certain period of time, through the synergic effect of the supramolecular interaction between the components of the gel formulation. A disclosed composition may include 0.3 to 1% by weight of a copolymer of acrylamide butyl tertiary of sulfonic acid and acrylamide, and 0.12 to 0.4% by weight of phenol and from 0.18 to 0.6% by weight of hexamethylenetetramine.
C09K 8/588 - Compositions pour les méthodes de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures, c. à d. pour améliorer la mobilité de l'huile, p.ex. fluides de déplacement caractérisées par l'utilisation de polymères spécifiques
3, using two stages. The first stage consists of a surface passivation of the material by chemical attack in a highly alkaline alcohol solution, with the aim of effecting a precarbonization on the surface of the copolymer that during the pyrolysis process is not deformed and gradually develops microporosity. The material of the first stage presents, in the layer, percentages between 55% to 85% carbon, between 5% to 20% oxygen, and between 10% to 40% chlorine. The interior of the material presents lower percentages of carbon, between 30% to 65%, oxygen in the amount of between 2% to 6%, and chlorine in the amount of between 30% to 60%. The second stage consists of the gradual pyrolysis of the passivated copolymer, with the aim of developing microporosity and high surface area values; as well as during the melting and gas dehydrohalogenation stages thereof, the deformation of the material is avoided. The morphology of the copolymers are microspheres of 125 to 225 micrometers, or cylinders of 4 mm in height and 3 mm in diameter, which after pyrolysis reduce its size by 35% with respect to the initial one. The material of the second stage, which is already microporous carbon material, presents in the layer percentages between 90% to 100% carbon and between 10% to 0% oxygen.
B01J 20/285 - Absorbants ou adsorbants poreux à base de polymères
B01D 53/02 - SÉPARATION Épuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p.ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par adsorption, p.ex. chromatographie préparatoire en phase gazeuse
B01J 20/20 - Compositions absorbantes ou adsorbantes solides ou compositions facilitant la filtration; Absorbants ou adsorbants pour la chromatographie; Procédés pour leur préparation, régénération ou réactivation contenant une substance inorganique contenant du carbone obtenu par des procédés de carbonisation
B01J 20/28 - Compositions absorbantes ou adsorbantes solides ou compositions facilitant la filtration; Absorbants ou adsorbants pour la chromatographie; Procédés pour leur préparation, régénération ou réactivation caractérisées par leur forme ou leurs propriétés physiques
B01J 20/30 - Procédés de préparation, de régénération ou de réactivation
28.
DEMULSIFYING AGENTS FOR CRUDE OIL BASED ON RANDOM ALKYLACRYLIC-AMINOALKYLACRYLIC-CARBOXYALKYLACRYLIC TERPOLYMERS OF CONTROLLED MOLECULAR MASS
A problem the oil industry faces is the presence of great water and salt amounts in crude oil streams, which cannot be easily removed by conventional dehydrating polymers. Moreover, the acid stimulation of wells evokes the chemical degradation of the polyethers and phenolic resins used as demulsifiers, drastically reducing their water and salt removal efficiency. Disclosed herein are new terpolymers which are combinations of three derivative monomers from alkyl acrylate, aminoalkyl acrylate, and carboxyalkyl acrylate, synthesized via emulsion polymerization by semi-continuous process under starving feed conditions, in order to ensure both the homogeneity of the polymer chains and the randomness of the monomers. The dissolutions of the random terpolymers have displayed a comparable, and even superior, water removal efficiency when dosed in light or heavy crude oils. The random alkylacrylic-aminoalkylacrylic-carboxyalkylacrylic terpolymers present an outstanding performance as emulsion breakers, water droplets coalescers, and aqueous phase clarifiers.
C10G 33/04 - Déshydratation ou désémulsification des huiles d'hydrocarbures par des moyens chimiques
C08F 220/18 - Esters des alcools ou des phénols monohydriques des phénols ou des alcools contenant plusieurs atomes de carbone avec l'acide acrylique ou l'acide méthacrylique
This invention is related to the synthesis of organic carbonates from carbon dioxide and epoxides. It is particularly focused on the production of propylene cyclic carbonate from propylene oxide. The proposed catalytic materials includes a support made of aluminum oxyhydroxide (Catapal B®), nitric acid, acetic acid and/or phosphoric acid. An important stage is the physical and chemical conditioning of the catalytic materials and to this end, experimental methodologies such as spheronization and thermal treatments were implemented prior the evaluation process.
B01J 31/06 - Catalyseurs contenant des hydrures, des complexes de coordination ou des composés organiques contenant des composés organiques ou des hydrures métalliques contenant des polymères
B01J 31/26 - Catalyseurs contenant des hydrures, des complexes de coordination ou des composés organiques contenant en outre des composés métalliques inorganiques non prévus dans les groupes
The present invention offers some general specifications for the design, assembly, and adaptation of a rotating cylinder electrochemical cell into an autoclave, of a high temperature and pressure system for corrosion studies that simulate operating conditions in pipelines, as well as the operation and safety of an autoclave to evaluate the electrochemical process of metal surfaces exposed to aggressive aqueous solutions. The electrochemical cell consists of an array of three electrodes that include a rotating cylinder electrode designed to operate hermetically, a reference electrode and an auxiliary electrode. The rotating cylinder electrode is considered to be the working electrode, where the oxidation and electrochemical reduction processes are studied. However, the use of the method described in this work can be extended to other testing environments and materials by taking into account the physical and chemical properties of the fluids and materials to be used in order to avoid any risk for the operator.
AS TRAC T The present invention offers some general specifications for the design, assembly, and adaptation of a rotating cylinder electrochemical cell into an autoclave, of a high temperature and pressure system for corrosion studies that simulate operating conditions in pipelines, as well as the operation and safety of an autoclave to evaluate the electrochemical process of metal surfaces exposed to aggressive aqueous solutions. The electrochemical cell consists of an array of three electrodes that include a rotating cylinder electrode designed to operate hermetically, a reference electrode and an auxiliary electrode. The rotating cylinder electrode is considered to be the working electrode, where the oxidation and electrochemical reduction processes are studied. However, the use of the method described in this work can be extended to other testing environments and materials by taking into account the physical and chemical properties of the fluids and materials to be used in order to avoid any risk for the operator. 22 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-11-27
C25B 11/034 - PROCÉDÉS ÉLECTROLYTIQUES OU ÉLECTROPHORÉTIQUES POUR LA PRODUCTION DE COMPOSÉS ORGANIQUES OU MINÉRAUX, OU DE NON-MÉTAUX; APPAREILLAGES À CET EFFET Électrodes; Leur fabrication non prévue ailleurs caractérisées par la configuration ou la forme Électrodes rotatives
32.
DEMULSIFIERS FOR CRUDE OIL BASED ON ACRYLIC-AMINOACRYLIC RANDOM COPOLYMERS OF CONTROLLED MOLECULAR MASS
Nowadays, one of the major problems of the oil industry is the presence of large amounts of water and salts, which cannot be efficiently removed by conventional dehydrating polymers. In addition, the acid stimulation operations of petroleum wells cause the chemical degradation of demulsifiers such as polyethers and phenolic resins, reducing drastically their efficiency as water and salt removers. Based on aforementioned, a series of new copolymers has been developed, where the copolymers are combinations of an acrylic and an aminoacrylic monomer and are synthesized by semi-continuous emulsion polymerization (under starved feed conditions), which ensures both the homogeneity of the different chains as well as the randomness of the monomers distribution. The solutions of one of these random copolymers have shown an efficiency similar or superior to combinations of two or three block copolymers (formulations), when they are applied in light or heavy crude oils. The acrylic-aminoacrylic copolymers show good performance as water/oil emulsion breaker initiators, coalescence agents of water droplets and clarifiers of the remaining aqueous phase. In addition, the chemical structure of the acrylic copolymers confers resistance to degradation induced by abrupt pH changes when acid stimulation operations of wells are performed.
C08F 220/18 - Esters des alcools ou des phénols monohydriques des phénols ou des alcools contenant plusieurs atomes de carbone avec l'acide acrylique ou l'acide méthacrylique
The present invention considers bringing a mobile unit closer to the site of interest and conduct the quantification of the tracers by performing the detection methods in situ and in real time at the wellhead, and that can be moved to the site on numerous occasions for the preparation of results during the test where the quantification of tracers is necessary, helping to speed up and reduce times that, until now, have not been achieved with stationary laboratories and that depending on the laboratory can last up to three months providing results.
G01N 30/14 - Préparation par élimination de certains composants
E21B 47/12 - Moyens pour la transmission de signaux de mesure ou signaux de commande du puits vers la surface, ou de la surface vers le puits, p.ex. pour la diagraphie pendant le forage
G01N 30/00 - Recherche ou analyse de matériaux par séparation en constituants utilisant l'adsorption, l'absorption ou des phénomènes similaires ou utilisant l'échange d'ions, p.ex. la chromatographie
34.
RADIOCHEMICAL AND CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS SYSTEM OF TRACERS, IN SITU AND IN REAL TIME
ABSTRACT The present invention considers bringing a mobile unit closer to the site of interest and conduct the quantification of the tracers by perform ing the detection methods in situ and in real time at the wellhead, and that can be moved to the site on numerous occasions for the preparation of results during the test where the quantification of tracers is necessary, helping to speed up and reduce times that, until now, have not been achieved with stationary laboratories and that depending on the laboratory can last up to three months providing results. 1 Date Recue/Date Received 2020-10-30
An object of the disclosure is to determine the remaining saturation of existing fluids in naturally fractured and/or homogeneous reservoirs, considering an unconventional tracer test, using the double tracer test method with pressure monitoring (PDTcMP®), which also integrates unused technical elements, in order to estimate more accurately the value of the remaining oil saturation (ROS) in naturally fractured reservoirs, unlike conventional methods used most commonly in homogeneous media. The disclosure substantially modifies the conventional tracer test, as it uses innovative technical elements, which reduce the uncertainty and/or ambiguity associated with conventional tracer tests, when they are applied in naturally fractured reservoirs.
E21B 49/08 - Prélèvement d'échantillons de fluides ou test des fluides dans les trous de forage ou dans les puits
G01V 5/04 - Prospection ou détection au moyen de radiations nucléaires, p.ex. de la radioactivité naturelle ou provoquée spécialement adaptée au carottage
G01N 23/00 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'utilisation de rayonnement [ondes ou particules], p.ex. rayons X ou neutrons, non couvertes par les groupes , ou
G01N 30/00 - Recherche ou analyse de matériaux par séparation en constituants utilisant l'adsorption, l'absorption ou des phénomènes similaires ou utilisant l'échange d'ions, p.ex. la chromatographie
In summary, the purpose of this patent is to determine the remaining saturation of existing fluids in naturally fractured and/or homogeneous reservoirs, considering an unconventional tracer test, using the double tracer test method with pressure monitoring (PDTcMP®), which also integrates unused technical elements. The above in order to estimate more accurately the value of the remaining oil saturation (ROS) in naturally fractured reservoirs, unlike conventional methods used most commonly in homogeneous media. This patent substantially modifies the conventional tracer test, as it uses innovative technical elements, which reduce the uncertainty and/or ambiguity associated with conventional tracer tests, when they are applied in naturally fractured reservoirs.
This disclosure relates to an organic gel formulation composition for blocking fluids in naturally fractured carbonate reservoirs, for salinity conditions up to 31,870.50 ppm of total dissolved solids and temperatures up to 120° C., that is, for the purpose temporarily isolating areas of the reservoirs, that will be treated with chemical and radioactive products to quantify the oil remaining in them, the stability of the gel is controlled in a certain period of time, through the synergic effect of the supramolecular interaction between the components of the gel formulation. A disclosed composition may include 0.3 to 1% by weight of a copolymer of acrylamide butyl tertiary of sulfonic acid and acrylamide, and 0.12 to 0.4% by weight of phenol and from 0.18 to 0.6% by weight of hexamethylenetetramine.
C09K 8/588 - Compositions pour les méthodes de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures, c. à d. pour améliorer la mobilité de l'huile, p.ex. fluides de déplacement caractérisées par l'utilisation de polymères spécifiques
This disclosure relates to a procedure, which through the application of a catalyst in homogeneous phase, allows the transformation of heavy hydrocarbons (vacuum residue, atmospheric residue, heavy and extra-heavy crudes) into hydrocarbons of lower molecular weight, characterized because after its application, the hydrocarbons obtain greater API gravity, lower kinematic viscosity and different composition by hydrocarbon families (SARA) that increases the proportion of saturated and aromatic resins and asphalts. The sulphur and nitrogen content is also reduced, resulting in higher yields to high commercial value distillates and a lighter product as compared to the original crude.
C10G 45/50 - Hydrogénation des hydrocarbures aromatiques caractérisée par le catalyseur utilisé contenant du nickel ou du cobalt, ou leurs composés en combinaison avec du chrome, du molybdène ou du tungstène, ou leurs composés
C10G 45/08 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène pour éliminer des hétéro-atomes sans modifier le squelette de l'hydrocarbure mis en œuvre et sans craquage en hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition inférieur; Hydrofinissage caractérisé par le catalyseur utilisé contenant du nickel ou du cobalt, ou leurs composés en combinaison avec du chrome, du molybdène ou du tungstène, ou leurs composés
This invention relates to a procedure, which through the application of a catalyst in homogeneous phase, allows the transformation of heavy hydrocarbons (vacuum residue, atmospheric residue, heavy and extra-heavy crudes) in hydrocarbons of lower molecular weight, characterized because after its application, obtain greater API gravity, lower kinematic viscosity and different composition by hydrocarbon families, (SARA) that increases the proportion of saturated and aromatic resins and asphalts. The sulphur and nitrogen content is also reduced, resulting in higher yields to high commercial value distillates and a lighter product compared to the original crude.
C09K 8/58 - Compositions pour les méthodes de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures, c. à d. pour améliorer la mobilité de l'huile, p.ex. fluides de déplacement
C10G 49/04 - Traitement des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en présence d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène, non prévu dans un seul des groupes , , , ou caractérisé par le catalyseur utilisé contenant du nickel, du cobalt, du chrome, du molybdène ou du tungstène, ou leurs composés
40.
PEO-PPO-PEO triblock bipolymers, with amphoteric endings, as demulsifying agents for heavy crude oils
w triblock bipolymers, with amphoteric groups, β-amino acid derivatives, at the chain ends, which destabilize water-in-crude oil (W/O) emulsions, thereby removing emulsified water and salts dissolved salts in the aforementioned phase.
C08F 299/02 - Composés macromoléculaires obtenus par des interréactions de polymères impliquant uniquement des réactions entre des liaisons non saturées carbone-carbone, en l'absence de monomères non macromoléculaires à partir de polycondensats non saturés
C10G 33/04 - Déshydratation ou désémulsification des huiles d'hydrocarbures par des moyens chimiques
C08L 53/00 - Compositions contenant des copolymères séquencés possédant au moins une séquence d'un polymère obtenu par des réactions ne faisant intervenir que des liaisons non saturées carbone-carbone; Compositions contenant des dérivés de tels polymères
41.
Branched geminal zwitterionic liquids, method for obtaining same and use thereof as wettability modifiers having viscosity reducing properties
The present invention is related with the obtaining process and use of branched germinal zwitterionic liquids based on either bis-N,N-dialkyl-N-polyether-betaine or bis-N,N-dialkenyl-N-polyether-betaine or bis-N,N-dicycloalkyl-N-polyether-betaine or bis-N,N-diaryl-N-polyether-betaine, to be applied as modifiers of the wettability of rocks such as limestone, dolomite, sandstone, quartz or heteregenous lithologies, under the presence of brines having high content of divalent ions such as calcium, magnesium, barium or strontium, under high temperature and high pressure within enhanced oil recovery processes in order to increase the oil production.
The branched germinal zwitterionic liquids of the present invention have moreover the property to act as viscosity reducers of heavy oils having high content of polar fractions, both for extraction and production, and transport and storage operations, so allowing increase the production level of this oil type. An additional advantage shown by the zwitterionic liquids, derived from their molecular structure, is that they can be handed in such a manner that can be dissolved by water, hydrocarbon or other polar and non-polar solvents.
C09K 8/584 - Compositions pour les méthodes de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures, c. à d. pour améliorer la mobilité de l'huile, p.ex. fluides de déplacement caractérisées par l'utilisation de tensio-actifs spécifiques
B01F 17/00 - Utilisation de substances comme agents émulsifiants, humidifiants, dispersants ou générateurs de mousse
C07C 227/16 - Préparation de composés contenant des groupes amino et carboxyle liés au même squelette carboné à partir de composés contenant déjà des groupes amino et carboxyle ou leurs dérivés par des réactions n'impliquant pas les groupes amino ou carboxyle
C07C 229/12 - Composés contenant des groupes amino et carboxyle liés au même squelette carboné ayant des groupes amino et carboxyle liés à des atomes de carbone acycliques du même squelette carboné le squelette carboné étant acyclique et saturé ayant un seul groupe amino et un seul groupe carboxyle liés au squelette carboné l'atome d'azote du groupe amino étant lié de plus à des atomes de carbone acycliques ou à des atomes de carbone de cycles autres que des cycles aromatiques à six chaînons à des atomes de carbone de squelettes carbonés acycliques
C07C 229/26 - Composés contenant des groupes amino et carboxyle liés au même squelette carboné ayant des groupes amino et carboxyle liés à des atomes de carbone acycliques du même squelette carboné le squelette carboné étant acyclique et saturé ayant plus d'un groupe amino lié au squelette carboné, p.ex. lysine
E21B 43/16 - Procédés de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures
E21B 43/24 - Procédés de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures utilisant la chaleur, p.ex. injection de vapeur
42.
Non-destructive process for removing metals, metal ions and metal oxides from alumina-based materials
The present disclosure is directed to a non-destructive process for removing metals, metal ions and metal oxides in alumina-based materials without destroying alumina, allowing the regeneration of alumina-based catalysts. The non-destructive process uses an extracting agent that sequesters metals, metal ions and/or metal oxides present in alumina-based materials without destroying the alumina, allowing the regeneration of alumina-based catalysts.
B01J 38/52 - Traitement par un liquide ou traitement en phase liquide, p.ex. en solution ou en suspension avec des liquides organiques contenant de l'oxygène
43.
Multifunctional foaming composition with wettability modifying, corrosion inhibitory and mineral scale inhibitory/dispersants properties for high temperature and ultra high salinity
The present invention is related to the obtaining and using of multifunctional foaming compositions with wettability modifying, corrosion inhibitory and inhibitory/dispersants mineral scale properties with high stability in environments of high temperature, high pressure and tolerance to high concentrations of divalent ions such as calcium, magnesium, strontium and barium. The multifunctional foaming compositions are obtained from the combination of supramolecular complexes resulting from interactions of alkyl amido propyl hydroxysultaines and/or alkyl amido propyl betaines and/or alkyl hydroxysultaines and/or alkyl betaines and anionic surfactant of type alkyl hydroxyl sodium sulfonate and alkenyl sulphonates of sodium, with cationic surfactants as tetra-alkyl ammonium halides and copolymers derivatives of itaconic acid/sodium vinyl sulfonate and/or terpolymers derived from itaconic acid/sodium vinyl sulphonate/aconitic acid. These multinational foaming compositions control the gas channeling and favorably change the wettability and increase the recovery factor of crude oil in naturally fractured reservoirs of carbonate type and heterogeneous lithology. In addition to this, the multifunctional foaming compositions of this invention exhibit anti-corrosive properties in typical environments of production tubing of crude oil and antifouling/dispersants of mineral salts as calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, barium and strontium in the reservoir and in the production and injection pipelines.
C09K 8/584 - Compositions pour les méthodes de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures, c. à d. pour améliorer la mobilité de l'huile, p.ex. fluides de déplacement caractérisées par l'utilisation de tensio-actifs spécifiques
B01F 17/00 - Utilisation de substances comme agents émulsifiants, humidifiants, dispersants ou générateurs de mousse
C09K 8/38 - Compositions de forage gazeuses ou en mousse
C09K 8/528 - Compositions pour éviter, limiter ou éliminer les dépôts, p.ex. pour le nettoyage les dépôts inorganiques, p.ex. sulfates ou carbonates
C09K 8/536 - Compositions pour éviter, limiter ou éliminer les dépôts, p.ex. pour le nettoyage caractérisées par leur forme ou par la forme de leurs composants, p.ex. matériaux encapsulés
C09K 8/54 - Compositions pour inhiber in situ la corrosion dans les puits ou les trous de forage
C09K 8/594 - Compositions utilisées en combinaison avec du gaz injecté
C09K 8/70 - Compositions pour la formation de crevasses ou de fractures caractérisées par leur forme ou par la forme de leurs composants, p.ex. mousses
C23F 11/10 - Inhibition de la corrosion de matériaux métalliques par application d'inhibiteurs sur la surface menacée par la corrosion ou par addition d'inhibiteurs à l'agent corrosif dans d'autres liquides au moyen d'inhibiteurs organiques
C09K 8/52 - Compositions pour éviter, limiter ou éliminer les dépôts, p.ex. pour le nettoyage
E21B 37/06 - Procédés ou appareils pour nettoyer les trous de forage ou les puits utilisant des moyens chimiques pour empêcher ou limiter le dépôt de paraffine ou de substances analogues
E21B 43/16 - Procédés de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures
44.
Hydrodeoxigenation process of vegetable oils for obtaining green diesel
C10G 3/00 - Production de mélanges liquides d'hydrocarbures à partir de matières organiques contenant de l'oxygène, p.ex. huiles, acides gras
C07C 1/22 - Préparation d'hydrocarbures à partir d'un ou plusieurs composés, aucun d'eux n'étant un hydrocarbure à partir de composés organiques ne renfermant que des atomes d'oxygène en tant qu'hétéro-atomes par réduction
C07C 1/207 - Préparation d'hydrocarbures à partir d'un ou plusieurs composés, aucun d'eux n'étant un hydrocarbure à partir de composés organiques ne renfermant que des atomes d'oxygène en tant qu'hétéro-atomes à partir de composés carbonylés
C10L 1/02 - Combustibles carbonés liquides à base essentielle de composants formés uniquement de carbone, d'hydrogène et d'oxygène
C10L 1/08 - Combustibles carbonés liquides à base essentielle de mélanges d'hydrocarbures pour allumage par compression
The present invention is related to a hydrodeoxygenation process to transform mainly non-edible, but not exclusive, vegetable oils or animal fats to produce green diesel. The process comprises contacting the non-edible or edible vegetable oil or animal fat with catalyst synthesized from a mixture of transition metals of 4-6 periods and IV- XI groups of the periodic table supported in mesoporous materials. The non-edible or edible vegetable oil can be palm oil or others. The triacylglycerides transform into a paraffin mixture, propane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and water.
The present invention relates to a device for the bottom of hydrocarbon-producing lacking conventional production tubing ("tubingless" completion) that improves the productivity (improves hydrocarbon (gas, oil and condensates) production), selectively controls the return solids (sand for the formation and propping of hydraulic fractures) and eliminates liquid runoff, and a method for producing same, which is designed to meet the specifications of the well to be treated, by compiling and analysing the operating conditions of the well.
E21B 43/12 - Procédés ou appareils pour commander l'écoulement du fluide extrait vers ou dans les puits
E21B 43/00 - Procédés ou dispositifs pour l'extraction de pétrole, de gaz, d'eau ou de matériaux solubles ou fusibles ou d'une suspension de matières minérales à partir de puits
tubinglesstubingless" completion) that improves the productivity (improves hydrocarbon (gas, oil and condensates) production), selectively controls the return solids (sand for the formation and propping of hydraulic fractures) and eliminates liquid runoff, and a method for producing same, which is designed to meet the specifications of the well to be treated, by compiling and analysing the operating conditions of the well.
E21B 43/00 - Procédés ou dispositifs pour l'extraction de pétrole, de gaz, d'eau ou de matériaux solubles ou fusibles ou d'une suspension de matières minérales à partir de puits
48.
Random copolymers derived from itaconic acid and/or its isomers and sodium alkenyl sulfonates and use of the product thereof
Random copolymers from itaconic acid and/or isomers and sodium alkenyl sulfonates are obtained by polymerization in an aqueous solution via free radicals at an acidic pH in the range from 1.0 to 3.5 and with a redox system as initiator were described. The copolymers can be used as calcium carbonate and calcium, strontium and barium sulfates mineral scale inhibitors and as dispersants of clays, iron oxides, calcium carbonate and strontium, barium and calcium sulfates. Random copolymers prevent and control damage in an oil reservoir, obstruction of water injection and crude oil production pipelines, and in production rigs due to mineral scale precipitation caused by high levels of salinity of the injection water and formation water. Random copolymers are tolerant to high concentrations of divalent ions, such as calcium, magnesium, strontium and barium, and can be added to the reservoir and to injection or production pipelines, treated water, sea water and water that is used as means of transportation. The copolymers can also be used to inhibit and disperse mineral scale occurring in cooling systems and boilers used in the oil and chemistry industry.
C02F 5/10 - Traitement de l'eau avec des produits chimiques complexants ou des agents solubilisants pour l'adoucissement, la prévention ou l'élimination de l'entartrage, p.ex. par addition d'agents séquestrants en utilisant des substances organiques
C08F 222/02 - Acides; Leurs sels métalliques ou leurs sels d'ammonium
C08F 228/02 - Copolymères de composés contenant un ou plusieurs radicaux aliphatiques non saturés, chaque radical ne contenant qu'une seule liaison double carbone-carbone et l'un au moins étant terminé par une liaison au soufre ou par un hétérocycle contenant du s par une liaison au soufre
C08F 220/58 - Amides contenant de l'oxygène en plus de l'oxygène de la fonction carbonamide
C02F 103/08 - Eau de mer, p.ex. pour le dessalement
C02F 103/36 - Nature de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux ou boues d'égout à traiter provenant de l'industrie chimique non prévue dans les groupes provenant de la fabrication de composés organiques
C02F 103/02 - Eau non contaminée, p.ex. pour l'alimentation industrielle en eau
49.
COMPOSITION OF ORGANIC GEL FORMATIONS FOR ISOLATION OF HIGH TEMPERATURE AND SALINITY PETROLEUM RESERVOIR ZONES
The present invention relates to an organic gel formulation composition for the blocking of fluids in naturally fractured carbonate reservoirs, for salinity conditions up to 31,870.50 ppm of total dissolved solids and temperatures up to 120 ° C, that is, for the purpose of to temporarily isolate areas of the reservoirs, that will be treated with chemical and radioactive products to quantify the oil remaining in them, the stability of the gel is controlled in a certain period of time, through the synergic effect of the supramolecular interaction between the components of the gel formulation .
C09K 8/588 - Compositions pour les méthodes de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures, c. à d. pour améliorer la mobilité de l'huile, p.ex. fluides de déplacement caractérisées par l'utilisation de polymères spécifiques
C08L 33/26 - Homopolymères ou copolymères de l'acrylamide ou de la méthacrylamide
50.
SYSTEM HAVING HEADS WITH AN OBLIQUE GEOMETRY FOR THE COLLECTION OF THE PRODUCTION FROM WELLS WITH MULTI-PHASE FLOWS IN ORDER TO IMPROVE THE BEHAVIOUR OF THE INFLOW AND THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
The invention relates to a system for collecting the production from wells with multi-phase flows, comprising heads with an oblique geometry, with an angle of incidence of the supply connections being variable depending on the properties of the fluids, the flow and the operation of the system in particular. A significant improvement is achieved in the behaviour of the flow of these fluids, contributing to the aligning of each of the currents integrating in the head, both in the supply connections and inside the head itself, thereby achieving an increase in the speed of the fluids, and a reduction in falls in pressure, turbulence and the dissipation of energy, whereby the interference between the currents coming from the wells is reduced, thereby achieving an increase in the obtained production. The invention can be applied to heads for collecting from wells with multi-phase flows (oil, gas, water), mono-phase flows of water or geothermal flows of water vapour.
A problem of the crude oil industry is the presence of large amounts of water and salts, which can not be efficiently removed by conventional dehydrating polymers. In addition, the acid stimulation operations of petroleum wells cause the chemical degradation of demulsifiers such as polyethers and phenolic resins, reducing drastically their efficiency as water and salt removers. Disclosed herein is a series of new copolymers that are combinations of an alkyl acrylate and a carboxyalkyl acrylate, synthesized by semi-continuous emulsion polymerization (under starved feed conditions), which ensures both the homogeneity of the different chains as well as the randomness of the monomers distribution. The acrylic-carboxyacrylic copolymers show good performance as water/oil emulsion breaker initiators, water droplet coalescers and clarifiers of the remaining aqueous phase. These novel acrylic-carboxyacrylic copolymers show a higher clarification capacity in comparison with acrylic copolymers [19], vinyl acrylics [12] and polyethers.
C10G 33/04 - Déshydratation ou désémulsification des huiles d'hydrocarbures par des moyens chimiques
C08F 220/18 - Esters des alcools ou des phénols monohydriques des phénols ou des alcools contenant plusieurs atomes de carbone avec l'acide acrylique ou l'acide méthacrylique
New copolymers are provided for the removal of water and salts from crude oil, that is resilient to the acid stimulation operations of petroleum wells. These copolymers are combinations of an alkyl acrylate and a carboxyalkyl acrylate, having structural formula (2). (see formula 2) These copolymers are synthesized by semi-continuous emulsion polymerization to ensure both the homogeneity of the different chains as well as the randomness of the monomers distribution.
According to this invention, a Ni—Mo—W trimetallic catalyst supported on porous alumina is obtained that shows very high activity for hydrotreating (HDT) of gasoils, particularly deep hydrodesulfurization (HDS) and hydrodesnitrogenation (HDN) of straight run gasoil in conditions of moderate pressure.
When the catalyst is applied to HDT of diesel, the NiMoW catalyst exhibits high catalytic activity. The content of sulfur and nitrogen in the resulting diesel can be reduced from 13,200 to 10 ppm and nitrogen from 360 ppm to less than 1 ppm, under moderate pressure, temperature and space-velocity (LHSV) similar to those of an industrial unit.
The catalytic composition, of trimetallic type, is prepared from an alumina support of high surface area to which a solution containing a metal precursor of an element of group VIB is added, followed by other solution that contains one of the precursors of the active metallic phase, a solution containing another of the precursors of the active metallic phase from group VIB, a metal promoter of group VIII and an additive promoter of acidity from group VB, and finally another solution containing a metal of group VIB, a metal of Group VIII and an organic compound, the used route promotes the preferential formation of well dispersed structures of the used metals on the support of porous alumina, less refractory to sulfidation, with high stacking and short lengths of metal sulfides formed in the resulting hydrodesulfurization catalyst. In the formulation, at least a percentage, but not all the Mo is replaced by W, in a Mo/W molar ratio of 0.6 to 2.0.
C10G 45/08 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène pour éliminer des hétéro-atomes sans modifier le squelette de l'hydrocarbure mis en œuvre et sans craquage en hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition inférieur; Hydrofinissage caractérisé par le catalyseur utilisé contenant du nickel ou du cobalt, ou leurs composés en combinaison avec du chrome, du molybdène ou du tungstène, ou leurs composés
3, using two stages. The first stage consists of a surface passivation of the material by chemical attack in a highly alkaline alcohol solution, with the aim of effecting a precarbonization on the surface of the copolymer that during the pyrolysis process is not deformed and gradually develops microporosity. The material of the first stage presents, in the layer, percentages between 55% to 85% carbon, between 5% to 20% oxygen, and between 10% to 40% chlorine. The interior of the material presents lower percentages of carbon, between 30% to 65%, oxygen in the amount of between 2% to 6%, and chlorine in the amount of between 30% to 60%. The second stage consists of the gradual pyrolysis of the passivated copolymer, with the aim of developing microporosity and high surface area values; as well as during the melting and gas dehydrohalogenation stages thereof, the deformation of the material is avoided. The morphology of the copolymers are microspheres of 125 to 225 micrometers, or cylinders of 4 mm in height and 3 mm in diameter, which after pyrolysis reduce its size by 35% with respect to the initial one. The material of the second stage, which is already microporous carbon material, presents in the layer percentages between 90% to 100% carbon and between 10% to 0% oxygen.
B01J 20/285 - Absorbants ou adsorbants poreux à base de polymères
B01D 53/02 - SÉPARATION Épuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p.ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par adsorption, p.ex. chromatographie préparatoire en phase gazeuse
B01J 20/20 - Compositions absorbantes ou adsorbantes solides ou compositions facilitant la filtration; Absorbants ou adsorbants pour la chromatographie; Procédés pour leur préparation, régénération ou réactivation contenant une substance inorganique contenant du carbone obtenu par des procédés de carbonisation
B01J 20/28 - Compositions absorbantes ou adsorbantes solides ou compositions facilitant la filtration; Absorbants ou adsorbants pour la chromatographie; Procédés pour leur préparation, régénération ou réactivation caractérisées par leur forme ou leurs propriétés physiques
B01J 20/30 - Procédés de préparation, de régénération ou de réactivation
55.
MICROPOROUS CARBON MATERIALS TO SEPARATE NITROGEN IN ASSOCIATED AND NON-ASSOCIATED NATURAL GAS STREAMS
The present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of microporous carbon materials to perform selective separations of nitrogen in gas mixtures such as hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, methane and C2, C3 and C4+ hydrocarbons, with high efficiency, shaped of microspheres or cylinders from copolymers of poly (vinylidene chloride-co-methyl acrylate) with density of 1.3 to 1.85 g/cm3 or poly (vinylidene chloride-co-vinyl chloride) with density of 1.3 to 1.85 g/cm3, using two stages. The first consists of a surface passivation of the material by chemical attack in a highly alkaline alcohol solution with the aim of effecting a precarbonization on the surface of the copolymer, so that during the pyrolysis process it does not deform and gradually develop the microporosity. The material of the first stage presents in the crust, percentages between 55 to 85 % carbon, between 5 to 20% oxygen and between 10 to 40 % chlorine, while in the interior of the material presents lower percentages of carbon between 30 to 65 %, oxygen between 2 to 6 % and chlorine of 30 to 60 %. The second consists of the gradual pyrolysis of the chemically passivated copolymer with the aim of developing microporosity and high surface area values; as well as during the melting and gas dehydrohalogenation stages thereof the deformation of the material is avoided. The morphology of the copolymers are microspheres of 125 to 225 micrometers or cylinders of 4 mm in height and 3 mm in diameter, which after pyrolysis reduce their size by 35 % with respect to the initial one. The material of the second stage, which is already microporous carbon material, has percentages in the crust between 90 to 100 % carbon and between 10 to 0 % oxygen. This microporous carbon material has the highly feasible quality of performing the chromatographic separation of nitrogen in mixtures with gases such as hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, methane and C2, C3 and C4+ hydrocarbons, which allows to take as a basis to develop separation technologies of these components through adsorption-desorption processes. The microporous carbon materials of the present invention can separate and desorb mixtures of nitrogen with carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide at temperatures below 175 °C as well as depending on the way to perform stage 1 (chemical treatment) can have materials microporous carbon that retains very important carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide.
C01B 32/306 - Charbon actif avec des propriétés de tamis moléculaires
B01D 53/02 - SÉPARATION Épuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p.ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par adsorption, p.ex. chromatographie préparatoire en phase gazeuse
A non-destructive method for removing metals, metal ions and metal oxides contained in alumina-based materials without destroying same that uses an alcohol as extraction agent to remove said metals, metal ions and metal oxides present therein, without modifying the properties of the alumina-based material. The main use thereof is in the regeneration of alumina-based catalysts, the recovery and/or recycling of metals and reuse of the alumina from catalysts mainly used as hydrotreatment and isomerisation catalysts in processes in the oil industry and in the catalytic reforming of naphthas. The method exhibits metal removals of at least 42% when a continuous flow tube reactor is used and at least 27% when a batch reactor is used.
B01J 38/52 - Traitement par un liquide ou traitement en phase liquide, p.ex. en solution ou en suspension avec des liquides organiques contenant de l'oxygène
The present invention deals with a process for catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons comprising vacuum gas oil, hydrotreated vacuum gas oil, unconventional light crude oil, preferably unconventional light crude oil type shale/tight oil and its blends with conventional vacuum gas oil, in order to generate products of major commercial value in the field of fuels, getting improved gasoline and coke yield, as well as the procedure for the preparation of a catalyst with essential physical properties of density and particle size to uphold it in a fluidized bed under the operation conditions in the catalyst evaluation unit at micro level, wherein the catalyst particles achieve a catalytic performance similar to fluidized microspheres in a reactor, without appreciable generation of fine particles.
B01J 29/40 - Zéolites aluminosilicates cristallines; Leurs composés isomorphes du type pentasil, p.ex. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 ou ZSM-11
B01J 29/08 - Zéolites aluminosilicates cristallines; Leurs composés isomorphes du type faujasite, p.ex. du type X ou Y
B01J 35/10 - Catalyseurs caractérisés par leur forme ou leurs propriétés physiques, en général solides caractérisés par leurs propriétés de surface ou leur porosité
B01J 35/02 - Catalyseurs caractérisés par leur forme ou leurs propriétés physiques, en général solides
B01J 35/00 - Catalyseurs caractérisés par leur forme ou leurs propriétés physiques, en général
58.
NON-DESTRUCTIVE METHOD FOR REMOVING METALS, METAL IONS AND METAL OXIDES FROM ALUMINA-BASED MATERIALS
A non-destructive method for removing metals, metal ions and metal oxides contained in alumina-based materials without destroying same that uses an alcohol as extraction agent to remove said metals, metal ions and metal oxides present therein, without modifying the properties of the alumina-based material. The main use thereof is in the regeneration of alumina-based catalysts, the recovery and/or recycling of metals and reuse of the alumina from catalysts mainly used as hydrotreatment and isomerisation catalysts in processes in the oil industry and in the catalytic reforming of naphthas. The method exhibits metal removals of at least 42% when a continuous flow tube reactor is used and at least 27% when a batch reactor is used.
B01J 38/52 - Traitement par un liquide ou traitement en phase liquide, p.ex. en solution ou en suspension avec des liquides organiques contenant de l'oxygène
C01F 7/46 - Purification de l'oxyde d'aluminium, de l'hydroxyde d'aluminium ou des aluminates
59.
Procedure for preparation of improved solid hydrogen transfer agents for processing heavy and extra-heavy crude oils and residues, and resulting product
The present invention relates to the process for preparing improved solid hydrogen transfer agents obtained from a polymer with units containing the structure of naphthalene, phenanthrene or anthracene, which exhibit activity as hydrogen transfer agents in any chemical reduction reaction involving the breaking of double bonds and in treatment, hydrotreatment and hydrodisintegration reactions of heavy and extra-heavy crude oils and of cuts and currents derived therefrom. These improved solid hydrogen transfer agents can be supported and not supported on metal oxides such as boehmite, alumina, silica, titania, kaolin and/or mixture thereof, in the presence of reducing agents such as hydrogen, methane, or natural gas. In addition, the application of these improved solid hydrogen transfer agents obtained from a polymer with units containing the structure of naphthalene, phenanthrene or anthracene, it allows to improve properties of the crudes such as viscosity, decrease in the formation of coke, increase in the yield of distillates and in API gravity. These hydrogen transfer agents, being solid, can be reused and recovered from the reaction medium; they also have a thermal stability such that it can carry out reactions at temperatures up to 450° C.
C10G 47/10 - Craquage des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en présence d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène, pour obtenir des fractions à point d'ébullition inférieur caractérisé par le catalyseur utilisé avec des catalyseurs déposés sur un support
C08G 61/10 - Composés macromoléculaires contenant uniquement des atomes de carbone dans la chaîne principale de la molécule, p.ex. polyxylylènes uniquement des atomes de carbone aromatiques, p.ex. polyphénylènes
B01J 35/10 - Catalyseurs caractérisés par leur forme ou leurs propriétés physiques, en général solides caractérisés par leurs propriétés de surface ou leur porosité
60.
Multifunctional foaming composition with wettability modifying, corrosion inhibitory and mineral scale inhibitory/dispersants properties for high temperature and ultra high salinity
The present invention is related to the obtaining and using of multifunctional foaming compositions with wettability modifying, corrosion inhibitory and inhibitory/dispersants mineral scale properties with high stability in environments of high temperature, high pressure and tolerance to high concentrations of divalent ions such as calcium, magnesium, strontium and barium. The multifunctional foaming compositions are obtained from the combination of supramolecular complexes resulting from interactions of alkyl amido propyl hydroxysultaines and/or alkyl amido propyl betaines and/or alkyl hydroxysultaines and/or alkyl betaines and anionic surfactant of type alkyl hydroxyl sodium sulfonate and alkenyl sulphonates of sodium, with cationic surfactants as tetra-alkyl ammonium halides and copolymers derivatives of itaconic acid/sodium vinyl sulfonate and/or terpolymers derived from itaconic acid/sodium vinyl sulphonate/aconitic acid. These multinational foaming compositions control the gas channeling and favorably change the wettability and increase the recovery factor of crude oil in naturally fractured reservoirs of carbonate type and heterogeneous lithology. In addition to this, the multifunctional foaming compositions of this invention exhibit anti-corrosive properties in typical environments of production tubing of crude oil and antifouling/dispersants of mineral salts as calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, barium and strontium in the reservoir and in the production and injection pipelines.
C09K 8/584 - Compositions pour les méthodes de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures, c. à d. pour améliorer la mobilité de l'huile, p.ex. fluides de déplacement caractérisées par l'utilisation de tensio-actifs spécifiques
C09K 8/38 - Compositions de forage gazeuses ou en mousse
C09K 8/528 - Compositions pour éviter, limiter ou éliminer les dépôts, p.ex. pour le nettoyage les dépôts inorganiques, p.ex. sulfates ou carbonates
C09K 8/70 - Compositions pour la formation de crevasses ou de fractures caractérisées par leur forme ou par la forme de leurs composants, p.ex. mousses
E21B 37/06 - Procédés ou appareils pour nettoyer les trous de forage ou les puits utilisant des moyens chimiques pour empêcher ou limiter le dépôt de paraffine ou de substances analogues
E21B 43/16 - Procédés de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures
C09K 8/536 - Compositions pour éviter, limiter ou éliminer les dépôts, p.ex. pour le nettoyage caractérisées par leur forme ou par la forme de leurs composants, p.ex. matériaux encapsulés
B01F 17/00 - Utilisation de substances comme agents émulsifiants, humidifiants, dispersants ou générateurs de mousse
C23F 11/10 - Inhibition de la corrosion de matériaux métalliques par application d'inhibiteurs sur la surface menacée par la corrosion ou par addition d'inhibiteurs à l'agent corrosif dans d'autres liquides au moyen d'inhibiteurs organiques
61.
Corrosion inhibition composition for pipelines, process of elaboration and synthesis
Compounds and compositions are used as corrosion inhibitors for pipelines for crude oil containing water with high salt concentrations. The inhibitors are ionic liquids, imidazoles, benzotriazoles, and mixtures thereof. The composition includes two or more members of the inhibitors with a solvent. The inhibitors reduce corrosion of metallic surfaces of the pipelines containing crude oil having 0.2 and 40 wt % water, 10,000 to 70,000 ppm salt, and 9 to 600 ppm hydrogen sulfide. A synergic effect is provided by two or more different inhibitors. This synergy is derived from interactions with the metallic surface, among themselves or with the corrosive medium depending on the chain length, to inhibit the corrosion with decrease of the formulation dose. The composition can be a ternary formulation of the three families or two components of one family and a third component of a different family.
C07D 233/64 - Composés hétérocycliques contenant des cycles diazole-1, 3 ou diazole-1, 3 hydrogéné, non condensés avec d'autres cycles comportant deux liaisons doubles entre chaînons cycliques ou entre chaînons cycliques et chaînons non cycliques avec des radicaux hydrocarbonés substitués, liés aux atomes de carbone du cycle, p.ex. histidine
C07D 233/58 - Composés hétérocycliques contenant des cycles diazole-1, 3 ou diazole-1, 3 hydrogéné, non condensés avec d'autres cycles comportant deux liaisons doubles entre chaînons cycliques ou entre chaînons cycliques et chaînons non cycliques avec uniquement des atomes d'hydrogène ou des radicaux ne contenant que des atomes d'hydrogène et de carbone, liés aux atomes de carbone du cycle avec uniquement des atomes d'hydrogène ou des radicaux ne contenant que des atomes d'hydrogène et de carbone, liés aux atomes d'azote du cycle
C09K 8/54 - Compositions pour inhiber in situ la corrosion dans les puits ou les trous de forage
F17D 1/08 - Systèmes de canalisation pour liquides ou produits visqueux
F17D 3/12 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou la commande des opérations de fonctionnement pour injecter une composition dans le conduit
62.
Lignin depolymerisation and doxygenation process for obtaining aromatic compounds and their catalytic reaction composition
2. When the reaction is developed into a batch system, oxygenated aromatic hydrocarbons are mainly produced, both by thermal as well as catalytic depolymerisation, whereas in a continuous flow reaction system, deoxygenated aromatic hydrocarbons are produced.
C08J 11/16 - Récupération ou traitement des résidus des polymères par coupure des chaînes moléculaires des polymères ou rupture des liaisons de réticulation par voie chimique, p.ex. dévulcanisation par traitement avec une substance inorganique
C07C 45/52 - Préparation de composés comportant des groupes C=O liés uniquement à des atomes de carbone ou d'hydrogène; Préparation des chélates de ces composés par pyrolyse, réarrangement ou décomposition par déshydratation et réarrangement faisant intervenir deux groupes hydroxyle de la même molécule
C07C 45/59 - Préparation de composés comportant des groupes C=O liés uniquement à des atomes de carbone ou d'hydrogène; Préparation des chélates de ces composés à partir de composés hétérocycliques avec l'oxygène comme unique hétéro-atome dans des cycles à cinq chaînons
C07C 41/00 - Préparation d'éthers; Préparation de composés comportant des groupes , des groupes ou des groupes
B01J 29/03 - Catalyseurs contenant des tamis moléculaires n'ayant pas de propriétés d'échangeurs de base
C10G 55/06 - Traitement des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en l'absence d'hydrogène, par au moins un procédé de raffinage et par au moins un procédé de craquage uniquement par plusieurs étapes en série comprenant au moins une étape de craquage catalytique
B01J 20/30 - Procédés de préparation, de régénération ou de réactivation
B01J 20/28 - Compositions absorbantes ou adsorbantes solides ou compositions facilitant la filtration; Absorbants ou adsorbants pour la chromatographie; Procédés pour leur préparation, régénération ou réactivation caractérisées par leur forme ou leurs propriétés physiques
B01J 20/10 - Compositions absorbantes ou adsorbantes solides ou compositions facilitant la filtration; Absorbants ou adsorbants pour la chromatographie; Procédés pour leur préparation, régénération ou réactivation contenant une substance inorganique contenant de la silice ou un silicate
The present invention refers to the formulation of a foaming agent for extreme conditions of salinity, temperature and concentration of divalent ions, including the improvement in the performance in these conditions with respect to the patent MX2008015989 A. Also, the design is presented of the experimental equipment used to characterize and evaluate foaming agents at laboratory level and conditions of pressure, temperature and salinity, in oil fields. The formulation of the foaming agent derived from this invention is a mixture of sodium alpha olefin sulfonates, alkylamido propyl betaines and triethanolamine, capable of giving it the benefit of being stable in temperature and salinity in a wide range, diluted in synthetic and congenital brines. This formulation is applicable for the control of gas mobility and improved oil recovery processes in naturally fractured reservoirs.
Nowadays, one of the major problems of the oil industry is the presence of large amounts of water and salts, which cannot be efficiently removed by conventional dehydrating polymers. In addition, the acid stimulation operations of petroleum wells cause the chemical degradation of demulsifiers such as polyethers and phenolic resins, reducing drastically their efficiency as water and salt removers. Based on aforementioned, a series of new copolymers has been developed; these copolymers are combinations of an acrylic and an aminoacrylic monomer and they are synthesized by semi-continuous emulsion polymerization (under starved feed conditions), which ensures both the homogeneity of the different chains as well as the randomness of the monomers distribution. The solutions of one of these random copolymers have shown an efficiency similar or superior to combinations of two or three block copolymers (formulations), when they are applied in light or heavy crude oils. The acrylic-aminoacrylic copolymers show good performance as water/oil emulsion breaker initiators, coalescence agents of water droplets and clarifiers of the remaining aqueous phase. In addition, the chemical structure of the acrylic copolymers confers resistance to degradation induced by abrupt pH changes when acid stimulation operations of wells are performed.
A hydrocracking catalyst having a support of a composite of mesoporous materials, molecular sieves and alumina, is used in the last bed of a multi-bed system for treating heavy crude oils and residues and is designed to increase the production of intermediate distillates having boiling points in a temperature range of 204° C. to 538° C., decrease the production of the heavy fraction (>538° C.), and increase the production of gasoline fraction (<204° C.). The feedstock to be processed in the last bed contains low amounts of metals and is lighter than the feedstock that is fed to the first catalytic bed.
C10G 47/20 - Supports en alumino-silicates cristallins le catalyseur contenant d'autres métaux ou leurs composés
C10G 45/12 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène pour éliminer des hétéro-atomes sans modifier le squelette de l'hydrocarbure mis en œuvre et sans craquage en hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition inférieur; Hydrofinissage caractérisé par le catalyseur utilisé contenant des alumino-silicates cristallins, p.ex. des tamis moléculaires
B01J 29/04 - Catalyseurs contenant des tamis moléculaires ayant des propriétés d'échangeurs de base, p.ex. zéolites cristallines, argiles pontées
B01J 29/08 - Zéolites aluminosilicates cristallines; Leurs composés isomorphes du type faujasite, p.ex. du type X ou Y
B01J 29/10 - Zéolites aluminosilicates cristallines; Leurs composés isomorphes du type faujasite, p.ex. du type X ou Y contenant des métaux du groupe du fer, des métaux nobles ou du cuivre
B01J 35/02 - Catalyseurs caractérisés par leur forme ou leurs propriétés physiques, en général solides
B01J 35/10 - Catalyseurs caractérisés par leur forme ou leurs propriétés physiques, en général solides caractérisés par leurs propriétés de surface ou leur porosité
B01J 37/02 - Imprégnation, revêtement ou précipitation
B01J 29/035 - Polymorphes de silice cristallins, p.ex. silicalites
B01J 29/16 - Zéolites aluminosilicates cristallines; Leurs composés isomorphes du type faujasite, p.ex. du type X ou Y contenant de l'arsenic, de l'antimoine, du bismuth, du vanadium, du niobium, du tantale, du polonium, du chrome, du molybdène, du tungstène, du manganèse, du technétium ou du rhénium
B01J 29/03 - Catalyseurs contenant des tamis moléculaires n'ayant pas de propriétés d'échangeurs de base
C10G 45/08 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène pour éliminer des hétéro-atomes sans modifier le squelette de l'hydrocarbure mis en œuvre et sans craquage en hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition inférieur; Hydrofinissage caractérisé par le catalyseur utilisé contenant du nickel ou du cobalt, ou leurs composés en combinaison avec du chrome, du molybdène ou du tungstène, ou leurs composés
C10G 47/14 - Supports inorganiques le catalyseur contenant des métaux du groupe du platine ou leurs composés
C10G 47/18 - Supports en alumino-silicates cristallins le catalyseur contenant des métaux du groupe du platine ou leurs composés
C10G 47/16 - Supports en alumino-silicates cristallins
C10G 45/10 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène pour éliminer des hétéro-atomes sans modifier le squelette de l'hydrocarbure mis en œuvre et sans craquage en hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition inférieur; Hydrofinissage caractérisé par le catalyseur utilisé contenant des métaux du groupe du platine ou leurs composés
B01J 37/00 - Procédés de préparation des catalyseurs, en général; Procédés d'activation des catalyseurs, en général
Serratia marcescens SmSA.
The invention also increases the oil recovery in reservoirs.
Serratia marcescens SmSA biomolecules display tensoactive and emulsifying properties that produce changes in the surface and interfacial tensions, enhanced the recovery and mobilization of oils.
Serratia marcescens SmSA tensoactive biomolecules of the present invention are stable at temperatures from 4 to 121° C., pH from 2 to 12, pressures from atmospheric to 1,706 psi, and NaCl content from 0 to 200 g/L (from 0 to 200,000 ppm).
Serratia marcescens SmSA tensoactive biomolecules reduce the surface tension up to 26 mN/m, the interfacial tension up to 1.8 mN/m with hexadecane, with emulsifying activity up to 71% with the same solvent and a critical micellar concentration (CMC) of 300 mg/L.
Serratia marcescens SmSA tensoactive biomolecules enhance recovery of residual oil above 10%.
C09K 8/584 - Compositions pour les méthodes de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures, c. à d. pour améliorer la mobilité de l'huile, p.ex. fluides de déplacement caractérisées par l'utilisation de tensio-actifs spécifiques
C09K 8/582 - Compositions pour les méthodes de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures, c. à d. pour améliorer la mobilité de l'huile, p.ex. fluides de déplacement caractérisées par l'utilisation de bactéries
C12P 1/04 - Préparation de composés ou de compositions, non prévue dans les groupes , utilisant des micro-organismes ou des enzymes; Procédés généraux de préparation de composés ou de compositions utilisant des micro-organismes ou des enzymes utilisant des bactéries
E21B 49/00 - Test pour déterminer la nature des parois des trous de forage; Essais de couches; Procédés ou appareils pour prélever des échantillons du terrain ou de fluides en provenance des puits, spécialement adaptés au forage du sol ou aux puits
E21B 49/08 - Prélèvement d'échantillons de fluides ou test des fluides dans les trous de forage ou dans les puits
68.
PROCESS FOR RECOVERY AND MOBILIZATION OF OIL CONTAINED IN POROUS MEDIA BY TENSOACTIVE BIOMOLECULES PRODUCED BY SERRATIA MARCESCENS SMSA
A biotechnological process for enhancing oil recovery and mobilization of oils contained in porous media is provided. The process comprises a biotechnological process for enhancing oil recovery and mobilization of oils contained in the siliciclastic and/or carbonate porous medium, wherein the siliciclastic and/or carbonate porous medium is siliciclastic and/or carbonates, and the siliciclastic and/or carbonate porous medium has a porosity is equal or greater than 15%; a permeability greater than 20 mD; an oil API gravity is greater than 15 ; temperature of reservoir up to 120 C; and formation water salinity up to 200,000 ppm, said process comprising the steps of a) obtaining fluid samples and rock samples from the siliciclastic and/or carbonate porous medium in an oil well, and measuring properties of the fluid sample and rock sample; b) obtaining tensoactive biomolecules produced by Serratia marcescens SmSA to reduce interfacial tension between oil and water, provide emulsifying activity, said tensoactive biomolecules being active and stable at temperatures of 25 to 120 C, to concentration of NaCl from 0 to 200,000 ppm, and pressures of 1 to 120 Kg/cm2, wherein said tensoactive biomolecules are obtained by said Serratia marcescens SmSA in a culture medium comprising 2 -6 (g/L) Peptone,10 -15 (g/L) K2HPO4,8- 18 (g/L) KH2PO4,0.5 - 4.0 (g/L) (NH4)2504, and 5-15 (g/L) soybean oil as substrate; c) injecting the tensoactive biomolecules produced by Serratia marcescens SmSA into the siliciclastic and/or carbonate porous medium containing the oil; and d) recovering said oil from said siliciclastic and/or carbonate porous medium and well.
E21B 43/22 - Emploi de produits chimiques ou à activité bactérienne
C09K 8/582 - Compositions pour les méthodes de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures, c. à d. pour améliorer la mobilité de l'huile, p.ex. fluides de déplacement caractérisées par l'utilisation de bactéries
69.
Branched geminal zwitterionic liquids, method for obtaining same and use thereof as wettability modifiers having viscosity reducing properties
The present invention is related with the obtaining process and use of branched germinal zwitterionic liquids based on either bis-N,N-dialkyl-N-polyether-betaine or bis-N, N-dialkenyl-N-polyether-betaine or bis-N, N-dicycloalkyl-N-polyether-betaine or bis-N,N-diaryl-N-polyether-betaine, to be applied as modifiers of the wettability of rocks such as limestone, dolomite, sandstone, quartz or heterogeneous lithologies, under the presence of brines having high content of divalent ions such as calcium, magnesium, barium or strontium, under high temperature and high pressure within enhanced oil recovery processes in order to increase the oil production.
The branched germinal zwitterionic liquids of the present invention have moreover the property to act as viscosity reducers of heavy oils having high content of polar fractions, both for extraction and production, and transport and storage operations, so allowing increase the production level of this oil type. An additional advantage shown by the zwitterionic liquids, derived from their molecular structure, is that they can be handed in such a manner that can be dissolved by water, hydrocarbon or other polar and non-polar solvents.
C09K 8/584 - Compositions pour les méthodes de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures, c. à d. pour améliorer la mobilité de l'huile, p.ex. fluides de déplacement caractérisées par l'utilisation de tensio-actifs spécifiques
C07C 229/26 - Composés contenant des groupes amino et carboxyle liés au même squelette carboné ayant des groupes amino et carboxyle liés à des atomes de carbone acycliques du même squelette carboné le squelette carboné étant acyclique et saturé ayant plus d'un groupe amino lié au squelette carboné, p.ex. lysine
B01F 17/00 - Utilisation de substances comme agents émulsifiants, humidifiants, dispersants ou générateurs de mousse
C07C 227/16 - Préparation de composés contenant des groupes amino et carboxyle liés au même squelette carboné à partir de composés contenant déjà des groupes amino et carboxyle ou leurs dérivés par des réactions n'impliquant pas les groupes amino ou carboxyle
E21B 43/24 - Procédés de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures utilisant la chaleur, p.ex. injection de vapeur
E21B 43/16 - Procédés de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures
C07C 229/12 - Composés contenant des groupes amino et carboxyle liés au même squelette carboné ayant des groupes amino et carboxyle liés à des atomes de carbone acycliques du même squelette carboné le squelette carboné étant acyclique et saturé ayant un seul groupe amino et un seul groupe carboxyle liés au squelette carboné l'atome d'azote du groupe amino étant lié de plus à des atomes de carbone acycliques ou à des atomes de carbone de cycles autres que des cycles aromatiques à six chaînons à des atomes de carbone de squelettes carbonés acycliques
70.
Hydroxysultaine- and sulfobetaine-based geminal zwitterionic liquids, method for obtaining same, and use thereof as wettability modifiers having corrosion inhibiting properties
The present disclosure is related to obtaining and using sulfobetaine and hydroxysultaine-based geminal zwitterionic liquids as wettability modifiers for rocks such as limestone, dolomite, sandstone, quartz or heterogeneous lithologies, under the presence of brines having high content of divalent ions as calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, at high temperature and high pressure conditions for enhanced oil recovery processes to increase the oil production. The geminal zwitterionic liquids of the present disclosure have also the property of acting as corrosion inhibitors of ferrous metals used in pipelines and equipment for crude oil extraction, production, transport and storage operations. A further advantage shown by zwitterionic liquids derived from their molecular structure is they can be dissolved in distilled water, brine, hydrocarbon solvents, aromatics and alcohols.
C07C 309/14 - Acides sulfoniques ayant des groupes sulfo liés à des atomes de carbone acycliques d'un squelette carboné acyclique saturé contenant des atomes d'azote, ne faisant pas partie de groupes nitro ou nitroso, liés au squelette carboné contenant des groupes amino liés au squelette carboné
C07C 309/69 - Esters d'acides sulfoniques ayant des atomes de soufre de groupes sulfo estérifiés liés à des atomes de carbone acycliques d'un squelette carboné substitué par des atomes d'azote ne faisant pas partie de groupes nitro ou nitroso
C07C 303/22 - Préparation d'esters ou d'amides d'acides sulfuriques; Préparation d'acides sulfoniques ou de leurs esters, halogénures, anhydrides ou amides d'acides sulfoniques ou de leurs halogénures à partir d'acides sulfoniques par des réactions n'impliquant pas la formation de groupes sulfo ou halogénosulfonyle
C09K 8/54 - Compositions pour inhiber in situ la corrosion dans les puits ou les trous de forage
C09K 8/584 - Compositions pour les méthodes de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures, c. à d. pour améliorer la mobilité de l'huile, p.ex. fluides de déplacement caractérisées par l'utilisation de tensio-actifs spécifiques
71.
Dehydrating and desalting compositions of crude oils, using triblock copolymers α, Ω-bifunctionalized with amines
w, are provided that are effective in the dewatering and desalting crude oils whose specific gravities are within the range of 14 to 20° API. A method of dewatering and desalting heavy crude oil adds a mixture of the copolymer bifunctionalized with an aliphatic or aromatic secondary amine and a copolymer bifunctionalized with an aliphatic or aromatic tertiary amine.
The present invention is related to the application of terpolymers based on alkyl acrylates as defoamers of gasified crude oils, with densities between 10 and 40° API. The evaluation of terpolymers based on alkyl acrylates at conditions similar to those of gas-liquid separators has shown that the terpolymers are efficient as inhibitors of the foam formation in heavy and super-heavy crude oil, abating the foam between 15 and 50% faster than in non-dosed crude oil (blank). Even some acrylic terpolymers exhibited a greater efficiency as defoamers than that of commercial silicon-based polymers, which promoting the defoaming only 20-25% faster than the blank collapse. The employ of silicones as defoamers presents serious problems as the formation of deposits and the deactivation of catalysts in the refining processes. This situation has provoked that refineries in Mexico and a worldwide ban the application of this kind of inorganic polymers, and new silicon-free defoaming agents are required. Therefore, the new silicon free defoamers object of this invention represent an advantageous option to replace the silicon based defoamers employed nowadays by the petroleum industry.
C08F 220/18 - Esters des alcools ou des phénols monohydriques des phénols ou des alcools contenant plusieurs atomes de carbone avec l'acide acrylique ou l'acide méthacrylique
C08F 220/28 - Esters contenant de l'oxygène en plus de l'oxygène de la fonction carboxyle ne contenant pas de cycles aromatiques dans la partie alcool
The object of the present invention relates to a system for measuring the salinity of hydrocarbons at the bottom of an oil well, using the technique of time domain reflectometry (TDR). The system comprises an electromagnetic pulse generator, an oscilloscope for displaying and measuring the frequency, amplitude and wavelength of the signal, a signal amplifier, a computer for processing and storing the information, and a metal wire that functions as a waveguide To transmit the signal from the signal generator to the hydrocarbon to which its salinity is to be determined at the bottom of the well. The signal returns from the bottom of the well to the oscilloscope where the difference between the sent signal and the return signal is measured. This difference allows us to infer the salinity of the hydrocarbon. The guide wire is attached to the production line by means of a strap or other fastening device from the surface to the bottom of the well, where the tip of the cable is inserted into the pipe to contact the hydrocarbon and in this way detect its salinity. It is possible to use the same pipe as a waveguide to transmit the test signal to the bottom of the well. In addition, the salinity of the hydrocarbon can be determined at different points along the well.
G01N 27/06 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'emploi de moyens électriques, électrochimiques ou magnétiques en recherchant l'impédance en recherchant la résistance d'un liquide
y, where; M=Al, Mg, Sr, Zr or Ti, and other metals of groups IA, IIA and IVB, x=1 or 2 and y=2 or 3, for the formation of particles. A process is disclosed for obtaining from the catalyst by the hydrolysis of aluminum lithium hydride with water and oxygenated solvent, such as an ether. The catalysts are used in batch reactor and continuous flow systems in reactions that require moderate Lewis acidity, such as refining, petrochemical and general chemistry, including the transesterification of glycerides to produce alkyl esters.
B01J 35/10 - Catalyseurs caractérisés par leur forme ou leurs propriétés physiques, en général solides caractérisés par leurs propriétés de surface ou leur porosité
C11C 3/04 - Graisses, huiles ou acides gras obtenus par transformation chimique des graisses, huiles ou acides gras, p.ex. ozonolyse par estérification des graisses ou des huiles
75.
Use of heterogeneous acid catalysts based on mixed metal salts to produce biodiesel
4 alcohol, such as methanol, in an alcohol:oil ratio from 3:1 to 50:1. The transesterification reaction produces biodiesel while avoiding loss of catalyst, contaminating liquid effluents and eliminating undesirable hydrolysis of triglycerides, diglycerides and monoglycerides into free fatty acids and saponification that generate soaps.
B01J 35/10 - Catalyseurs caractérisés par leur forme ou leurs propriétés physiques, en général solides caractérisés par leurs propriétés de surface ou leur porosité
76.
Nanostructured titania semiconductor material and its production process
A semiconductor material basically consists of titanium oxide, with the special feature of being like nanostructures, which gives special physicochemical properties, with ability to disperse and stabilize metal particles with high activity and selectivity in catalytic processes mainly. The process of producing the semiconductor material includes adding a titanium alkoxide to an alcoholic solution, adding an acid to the alcoholic solution, controlling the pH from 1 to 5; subjecting the acidic solution to agitation and reflux conditions at 70 to 80° C.; stabilizing the medium and adding bidistilled water in a water/alkoxide molar ratio of 1-2/0.100-0.150, continuing with reflux until gelation; aging the gel for 1 to 24 hours for complete formation of the titania; drying the titania nanostructured at of 50 to 80° C. for about 1 to 24 hours, and subjecting the dried titania to a calcination step at 200 to 600° C. for 1 to 12 hours.
3 with high acidity consists basically of titanium oxide and aluminum oxide with the special characteristic of being obtained as nanostructures, in their nanocrystal-nanotube evolution, which provides special physicochemical properties such as high specific area, purity and phase stability, acidity stability and different types of active acid sites, in addition to the capacity to disperse and stabilize active metal particles with high activity and selectivity mainly in catalytic processes.
Process to obtain random terpolymers derived from itaconic acid, aconitic acid and/or its isomers, and alkenyl sulfonates and use of the product thereof
The present invention is related to the process of obtaining random terpolymers based on itaconic acid or its isomers, aconitic acid or their isomers and sodium alkenyl sulphonates, through a polymerization in aqueous solution, via free radicals at acid pH in the range of 1.0 to 3.5 and as initiator a redox system. The random terpolymers are characterized for being tolerant to high concentrations of divalent ions, such as calcium, magnesium, strontium and barium. Their use as inhibitors of mineral scale such as calcium carbonate, calcium sulphate, strontium and barium, and clay dispersing, iron oxides, carbonate and calcium sulfate allows for their application in the reservoir or production rig, treated water, sea water and/or connate water can be used as means of transportation. The terpolymer can be used to inhibit and disperse mineral scales present in cooling system and boiler employed in the chemical and oil industry, and is compliant with environmental standards established internationally. They are classified as non-toxic, and can be used in pipes and equipment in the petrochemical industry and transporting freshwater and seawater from offshore and onshore facilities.
C02F 5/10 - Traitement de l'eau avec des produits chimiques complexants ou des agents solubilisants pour l'adoucissement, la prévention ou l'élimination de l'entartrage, p.ex. par addition d'agents séquestrants en utilisant des substances organiques
C02F 103/02 - Eau non contaminée, p.ex. pour l'alimentation industrielle en eau
79.
Use of polymers as heterogeneous hydrogen donors in the upgrading of heavy and extra-heavy crudes
The present invention is related to the application of solid polymers or copolymers prepared from monomers having in their structure a polycyclic aromatic ring, an aromatic ring of the type of naphthalene, or polyesters, polyethers, polyamides or polyvynil derivatives having naphthalene units in their structure, in the hydrotreatment or hydrocracking of heavy hydrocarbons, such as heavy or extra-heavy crude oils or residues from the distillation of petroleum; these polymers or copolymers may be supported, anchored or in a physical mixture with metallic oxides such as alumina, silica, titania or kaolin, and they have an application as heterogeneous hydrogen donors in reactions of hydrotreatment or hydrocracking of heavy or extra-heavy crude oils, residues from the distillation of petroleum and cuts and streams deived from this distillation. These solid polymers or copolymers operate in the presence of hydrogen or methane-rich gas. These hydrogen donor polymers, being solid, may be recovered from the reaction mixture to be reused and have a thermal stability that allows for their use in reactions at temperatures above 450° C. These heterogeneous hydrogen donors improve the physical properties of crude oils, such as API gravity, viscosity, and distillates yield, inhibiting the formation of coke.
C10G 45/00 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène
C10G 45/16 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène pour éliminer des hétéro-atomes sans modifier le squelette de l'hydrocarbure mis en œuvre et sans craquage en hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition inférieur; Hydrofinissage avec des particules solides en mouvement dispersés dans l'huile, p.ex. sous forme de bouillie
C10G 45/18 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène pour éliminer des hétéro-atomes sans modifier le squelette de l'hydrocarbure mis en œuvre et sans craquage en hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition inférieur; Hydrofinissage avec des particules solides en mouvement selon la technique du "lit mobile"
C10G 45/20 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène pour éliminer des hétéro-atomes sans modifier le squelette de l'hydrocarbure mis en œuvre et sans craquage en hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition inférieur; Hydrofinissage avec des particules solides en mouvement selon la technique du "lit fluidisé"
C10G 45/28 - Composés organiques; Désulfuration par l'hydrogène ("autofining")
C10G 47/00 - Craquage des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en présence d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène, pour obtenir des fractions à point d'ébullition inférieur
C10G 47/26 - Craquage des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en présence d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène, pour obtenir des fractions à point d'ébullition inférieur avec des particules solides en mouvement en suspension dans de l'huile, p.ex. sous forme de bouillie
C10G 47/28 - Craquage des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en présence d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène, pour obtenir des fractions à point d'ébullition inférieur avec des particules solides en mouvement selon la technique du "lit mobile"
C10G 47/30 - Craquage des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en présence d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène, pour obtenir des fractions à point d'ébullition inférieur avec des particules solides en mouvement selon la technique du "lit fluidisé"
A portable, single-phase bioreactor provides the in situ study of mesophilic and thermophilic corrosion inducing microbial biofilms on metal surfaces by oil, chemical, petrochemical, oil refining, food, metallurgical, paper fluids. The bioreactor is a batch-type for turbulent and piston-driven laminar flow, operated by cycles, with continuous circulation of the fluid. A culture medium or industrial or production fluid containing microbiota is introduced into a homogenizing container. The bioreactor includes a support section having removable corrosimetric test coupons that contact the fluid under dynamic conditions corresponding to fluid-carrying pipelines, and promote the formation of the microbial biofilm for analysis of the kinetics of microbial biofilm development. The bioreactor produces turbulence to homogenize the fluid and maintain a temperature of 20 to 80° C. for the microorganism growth. The fluid has a salinity of 2 to 200 ppm (NaCl) and a pH of 2 to 10.
C12Q 1/04 - Détermination de la présence ou du type de micro-organisme; Emploi de milieux sélectifs pour tester des antibiotiques ou des bactéricides; Compositions à cet effet contenant un indicateur chimique
C12M 1/00 - Appareillage pour l'enzymologie ou la microbiologie
G01N 17/00 - Recherche de la résistance des matériaux aux intempéries, à la corrosion ou à la lumière
C12M 1/12 - Appareillage pour l'enzymologie ou la microbiologie avec des moyens de stérilisation, filtration ou dialyse
A bioreactor is provided for the in situ study of mesophilic and thermophilic corrosion inducing microbial on metal surfaces. The bioreactor of the present invention is a portable device comprising a homogenization vessel for homogenizing a culture medium or an industrial operation or production fluid. The homogenization vessel has multiple inputs. A first flexible conduit transports the culture medium or industrial operation or production fluid from the homogenizing vessel to a hermetic container having a pump and a thermostat. A second flexible conduit for carries a fluid pumped from the hermetic container to a corrosimetric test coupons support section. The corrosimetric test coupons support section has an intake/injection port, and one or more hermetic holders for corrosimetric test coupons, wherein each hermetic holder has a corresponding space for receiving a corrosimetric test coupon. A settling vessel receives biomass waste residuals from the test coupons support section.
C12M 1/40 - Appareillage spécialement destiné à l'utilisation d'enzymes libres, immobilisées ou liées à un support, p.ex. appareils contenant un lit fluidisé d'enzymes immobilisées
C12M 1/34 - Mesure ou test par des moyens de mesure ou de détection des conditions du milieu, p.ex. par des compteurs de colonies
G01N 17/00 - Recherche de la résistance des matériaux aux intempéries, à la corrosion ou à la lumière
C12Q 1/00 - Procédés de mesure ou de test faisant intervenir des enzymes, des acides nucléiques ou des micro-organismes; Compositions à cet effet; Procédés pour préparer ces compositions
82.
USE OF POLYMERS AS HETEROGENEOUS HYDROGEN DONORS IN THE UPGRADING OF HEAVY AND EXTRA-HEAVY CRUDE OILS
The present invention is related to the application of solid polymers or copolymers prepared from monomers having in their structure a polycyclic aromatic ring, an aromatic ring of the type of naphthalene, or polyesters, polyethers, polyamides or polyvynil derivatives having naphthalene units in their structure, in the hydrotreatment or hydrocracking of heavy hydrocarbons, such as heavy or extra- heavy crude oils or residues from the distillation of petroleum; these polymers or copolymers may be supported, anchored or in a physical mixture with metallic oxides such as alumina, silica, titania or kaolin, and they have an application as heterogeneous hydrogen donors in reactions of hydrotreatment or hydrocracking of heavy or extra-heavy crude oils, residues from the distillation of petroleum and cuts and streams deived from this distillation. These solid polymers or coplymers operate in the presence of hydrogen or methane-rich gas. These hydrogen donor polymers, being solid, may be recovered from the reaction mixture to be reused and have a thermal stability that allows for their use in reactions at temperatures above 450°C. These heterogeneous hydrogen donors improve the physical properties of crude oils, such as API gravity, viscosity, and distillates yield, inhibiting the formation of coke.
The present invention is directed to a formulation of corrosion inhibitors for corrosion control of low carbon steel piping, carrying different fuels products, obtained in refineries or petrochemical processes. The composition comprises active imidazoline inhibitors derived from vegetable oil selected from the group consisting of sunflower, canola, soybean, safflower, corn and mixtures thereof that are reacted with a polyalkylated polyamines such as diethylenetriamines (DETA), triethylenetetramine (TETA) and tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA). The imidazoline is reacted with 1 to 3 moles of a carboxylic acid having 2 to 6 carbon atoms. The product obtained is formulated with 50 to 60% weight of an aromatic solvent and 10 to 20 wt % of an alcohol. The compositions were evaluated in sour environments under the NACE TM0172 and ASTM G 185 method, and both, sour and sweet environments in the NACE ID182 method, so they are fit to pass the tests as indicated by the NRF-005-PEMEX-2009 standard for application in pipelines.
C10G 75/02 - Inhibition de la corrosion ou des salissures dans des appareils de traitement ou de conversion des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en général par addition d'inhibiteurs de corrosion
C23F 11/04 - Inhibition de la corrosion de matériaux métalliques par application d'inhibiteurs sur la surface menacée par la corrosion ou par addition d'inhibiteurs à l'agent corrosif dans des liquides à réaction acide marquée
C09K 8/54 - Compositions pour inhiber in situ la corrosion dans les puits ou les trous de forage
C23F 11/10 - Inhibition de la corrosion de matériaux métalliques par application d'inhibiteurs sur la surface menacée par la corrosion ou par addition d'inhibiteurs à l'agent corrosif dans d'autres liquides au moyen d'inhibiteurs organiques
84.
Formulations of copolymers based on alkyl acrylates used as defoamers of heavy and super-heavy crude oils
This invention is directed to a method for defoaming crude oil by the addition of copolymers based on silicone free alkyl acrylics defoamers for crude oils with densities between 10 and 40° API. The alkyl acrylic copolymers at conditions similar to those of gas-liquid separators are efficient foam formation inhibitors in heavy and super-heavy crude oils to reduce foam levels between 15 and 50% faster than non-dosed crude oil. Some acrylic copolymers exhibited a greater efficiency as defoamers than commercial silicones, which promote the defoaming only 20 or 25 vol % faster than the natural foam collapse. Silicones as defoamers present serious problems as the formation of deposits and the deactivation of catalysts in the refining processes. These problems have originated a series of interdictions to use silicon based defoamers and new chemical compounds completely silicon free are required to control the foam levels in the gas/petroleum separation tanks.
C09K 8/588 - Compositions pour les méthodes de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures, c. à d. pour améliorer la mobilité de l'huile, p.ex. fluides de déplacement caractérisées par l'utilisation de polymères spécifiques
C10G 29/22 - Composés organiques ne renfermant pas d'atomes métalliques contenant de l'oxygène comme seul hétéro-atome
F15D 1/02 - Action sur l'écoulement des fluides dans les tuyaux ou les conduits
C10G 33/04 - Déshydratation ou désémulsification des huiles d'hydrocarbures par des moyens chimiques
E21B 21/06 - Dispositions pour traiter les fluides de forage à l'extérieur du trou de forage
85.
FORMULATIONS OF COPOLYMERS BASED ON ALKYL ACRYLATES USED AS DEFOAMERS OF HEAVY AND SUPER-HEAVY CRUDE OILS
This invent is related to the application of copolymers based on alkyl acrylics as defoamers of crude oils with densities between 10 and 40 °API. The evaluation of these alkyl acrylic copolymers at conditions similar to those of gas-liquid separators has shown that they are efficient as inhibitors of the foam formation in heavy and super-heavy crude oils, observing a diminution of the foam levels between 15 and 50 % faster than in non-dosed crude oil (blank). Even some acrylic copolymers exhibited a greater efficiency as defoamers than that of commercial silicones, which promotes the defoaming only 20 or 25 vol % faster than the natural foam collapse in the blank. In addition, the employ of silicones as defoamers presents serious problems as the formation of deposits and the deactivation of catalysts in the refining processes. These problems have originated a series of interdictions to use silicon based defoamers and new chemical compounds completely silicon free are required to control the foam levels in the gas/petroleum separation tanks. Therefore, the new silicon free defoamers object of this invention represent an advantageous option to replace the silicon based defoamers employed nowadays by the petroleum industry.
The present invention relates to a process for modifying the physical and chemical properties of Faujasite Y-type zeolites (FAU), mainly used as a base material of catalyst used in the Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) process, for the interest of the oil refining industry, in which the conversion of oil heavy fractions into lighter fractions, with a higher commercial value, is carried out. The process produces a modified Faujasite Y-type zeolite, with lower sodium content, as low as 75%, than that of the starting Faujasite Y-type zeolite. A mesoporous material associated with the modified Faujasite Y-type zeolite has an average pore size ranging from 2 to 100 nm, having a bimodal or multimodal pore size distribution. The proportion of modified Faujasite Y-type zeolite with respect to the meso-porous material associated to the Faujasite Y type Zeolite can be regulated through the process operation conditions.
C01B 39/02 - Zéolites aluminosilicates cristallines; Leurs composés isomorphes; Leur préparation directe; Leur préparation à partir d'un mélange réactionnel contenant une zéolite cristalline d'un autre type, ou à partir de réactants préformés; Leur post-traitement
B01J 29/08 - Zéolites aluminosilicates cristallines; Leurs composés isomorphes du type faujasite, p.ex. du type X ou Y
B01J 35/10 - Catalyseurs caractérisés par leur forme ou leurs propriétés physiques, en général solides caractérisés par leurs propriétés de surface ou leur porosité
B01J 37/10 - Traitement thermique en présence d'eau, p.ex. de vapeur d'eau
C10G 11/18 - Craquage catalytique, en l'absence d'hydrogène, des huiles d'hydrocarbures avec catalyseurs solides mobiles préchauffés selon la technique du "lit fluidisé"
C01B 39/06 - Préparation de zéolites isomorphes caractérisée par les mesures prises pour le remplacement des atomes d'aluminium ou de silicium dans la charpente du réseau par des atomes d'autres éléments
B01J 29/04 - Catalyseurs contenant des tamis moléculaires ayant des propriétés d'échangeurs de base, p.ex. zéolites cristallines, argiles pontées
B01J 31/02 - Catalyseurs contenant des hydrures, des complexes de coordination ou des composés organiques contenant des composés organiques ou des hydrures métalliques
87.
Hydroconversion process to upgrade the transport properties of heavy and extra-heavy crude oils at low severity conditions using dispersed-phase catalyst
The present invention relates to a catalytic hydroconversion process in dispersed phase of extra-heavy and heavy crude oils for upgrading their transport properties, that operates at low severity conditions, in such a way that the obtained product can be transported by conventional pumping to the distribution and refining centers.
Use of low-cost disposable catalysts at low concentrations.
C10G 47/02 - Craquage des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en présence d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène, pour obtenir des fractions à point d'ébullition inférieur caractérisé par le catalyseur utilisé
C10G 47/24 - Craquage des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en présence d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène, pour obtenir des fractions à point d'ébullition inférieur avec des particules solides en mouvement
C10G 45/04 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène pour éliminer des hétéro-atomes sans modifier le squelette de l'hydrocarbure mis en œuvre et sans craquage en hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition inférieur; Hydrofinissage caractérisé par le catalyseur utilisé
C10G 45/06 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène pour éliminer des hétéro-atomes sans modifier le squelette de l'hydrocarbure mis en œuvre et sans craquage en hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition inférieur; Hydrofinissage caractérisé par le catalyseur utilisé contenant du nickel ou du cobalt, ou leurs composés
C10G 45/08 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène pour éliminer des hétéro-atomes sans modifier le squelette de l'hydrocarbure mis en œuvre et sans craquage en hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition inférieur; Hydrofinissage caractérisé par le catalyseur utilisé contenant du nickel ou du cobalt, ou leurs composés en combinaison avec du chrome, du molybdène ou du tungstène, ou leurs composés
C10G 45/14 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène pour éliminer des hétéro-atomes sans modifier le squelette de l'hydrocarbure mis en œuvre et sans craquage en hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition inférieur; Hydrofinissage avec des particules solides en mouvement
C10G 49/10 - Traitement des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en présence d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène, non prévu dans un seul des groupes , , , ou avec des particules solides en mouvement
C10G 65/14 - Traitement des huiles d'hydrocarbures, uniquement par plusieurs procédés d'hydrotraitement uniquement par plusieurs étapes en parallèle
88.
Process for reducing the content of organic nitrogen compounds from hydrotreating feedstocks for ultra-low-sulfur diesel production
4+.
Likewise, the present invention considers the preparation of extrudates and the regeneration of the employed MOF adsorbent materials.
In this sense, it is worth noting that the diesel HDT loads to which the present invention is referred to are hydrocarbon currents with distillation temperatures ranging from 150 to 400° C. being preferably Straight Run Gasoil (SRGO), Light Cycle OIL (LCO) and Coker Gasoil (CGO), including their blends, but oil derived fuels can be included: gasoline, diesel and jet fuel, and other hydrocarbon currents obtained from the oil refining processes, which in turn are destined to be loads of the hydrodesulfurization process (HDS) for the production of ultra-low-sulfur diesel.
According to the aforementioned, it is worth mentioning that the present invention process which is the selective adsorption process of nitrogen organic compounds is designed for the pretreatment of loads that enter the HDS process, which increases the catalyst lifespan and improves the economy of the HDS process.
C10G 45/02 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène pour éliminer des hétéro-atomes sans modifier le squelette de l'hydrocarbure mis en œuvre et sans craquage en hydrocarbures à point d'ébullition inférieur; Hydrofinissage
C10G 67/06 - Traitement des huiles d'hydrocarbures, uniquement par au moins un procédé d'hydrotraitement et au moins un procédé de raffinage en l'absence d'hydrogène uniquement par plusieurs étapes en série comprenant un procédé d'absorption ou d'adsorption comme étape de raffinage en l'absence d'hydrogène
B01J 20/22 - Compositions absorbantes ou adsorbantes solides ou compositions facilitant la filtration; Absorbants ou adsorbants pour la chromatographie; Procédés pour leur préparation, régénération ou réactivation contenant une substance organique
B01J 20/28 - Compositions absorbantes ou adsorbantes solides ou compositions facilitant la filtration; Absorbants ou adsorbants pour la chromatographie; Procédés pour leur préparation, régénération ou réactivation caractérisées par leur forme ou leurs propriétés physiques
B01J 20/281 - Absorbants ou adsorbants spécialement adaptés pour la chromatographie préparative, analytique ou de recherche
B01J 20/30 - Procédés de préparation, de régénération ou de réactivation
The present invention relates to the application of polymeric resins and TiO2 doped with polymeric resins as coatings for external metal surfaces for industrial use, mainly by selecting the following metals: stainless steel, carbon steel and copper. Focuses specifically on the synthesis of a polymeric resin waterborne corrosion consisting of nano-structured polymer particles formed with two or more acrylic monomers, vinyl or styrenic a functionalizing agent and a crosslinking agent from 1.0 to 20% wt. each. Doping addition is made of the same polymeric resins, which are incorporated in nanotubes of titanium dioxide in concentrations ranging from 50 to 10,000 ppm. The polymeric resin is water based corrosion synthesized by emulsion polymerization techniques and is during the synthesis process is introduced nanotube loading of titanium dioxide (which are synthesized according to U.S. Pat. No. 7,645,439 B2), which allowing the dispersion in the polymer matrix. Polymer dispersions obtained in this way are used as anti-corrosion coatings 100% water based.
C08L 83/00 - Compositions contenant des composés macromoléculaires obtenus par des réactions créant dans la chaîne principale de la macromolécule une liaison contenant uniquement du silicium, avec ou sans soufre, azote, oxygène ou carbone; Compositions contenant des dérivés de tels polymères
Methodology for three-dimensional morphological and quantitative determination of micro and nanocavities produced by chemical and microbiological corrosion in metallic materials
c) To obtain a graphic interface to access the numeric information and the micrographs in a simple and friendly manner.
More specifically, the present invention is related to the laboratory procedures, analytic expressions, devices, procedures and calculations required to characterize the micro and nanocavities of coupons and biocoupons, caused by chemical and/or microbiological pitting and uniform corrosion.
C23F 11/04 - Inhibition de la corrosion de matériaux métalliques par application d'inhibiteurs sur la surface menacée par la corrosion ou par addition d'inhibiteurs à l'agent corrosif dans des liquides à réaction acide marquée
C25F 3/14 - Attaque de surface localisée, c. à d. gravure
Corrosion inhibitors are provided for pipelines that transport crude oil and/or congenital water containing high salt concentrations, or for metal surfaces in contact with same. The corrosion inhibiting composition is a mixture of at least two different compounds in an organic solvent, providing a synergic effect. Said compounds are selected from the group consisting of imidazoles and benzotriazoles. The mixture of at least two different compounds can also include at least one of each of ionic liquids, imidazoles and benzotriazoles.
The present disclosure covers the use of polymers or copolymers having a naphthalene-type unit in their structure as heterogeneous hydrogen transfer agents for hydrogenation, hydrotreatment or reduction reactions. These heterogeneous hydrogen transfer agents may or may not be supported on metallic oxides and may be used in the presence of reducing agents such as hydrogen or methane. These hydrogen donors, being solid at the reaction temperature, may be recovered from the reaction mixture and reused, and are thermally and chemically stable at temperatures up to above 450° C.
C07C 5/10 - Préparation d'hydrocarbures à partir d'hydrocarbures contenant le même nombre d'atomes de carbone par hydrogénation de cycles aromatiques à six chaînons
C08G 63/197 - Composés hydroxylés contenant des cycles aromatiques contenant plusieurs cycles aromatiques contenant des cycles aromatiques condensés
C07C 5/03 - Préparation d'hydrocarbures à partir d'hydrocarbures contenant le même nombre d'atomes de carbone par hydrogénation de liaisons doubles carbone-carbone non aromatiques
4+, using for its synthesis metal epoxides and alkoxides, avoiding the use of hydrofluoric acid (HF) or bases as synthesis controlling agents.
3/g, and pore diameter from 15 to 55 nm.
The present invention relates to a process for preparing fuel-in-water emulsions from oil refining residues, in both continuously or in batches, by adding an emulsifying agent to disperse the residual oil in water and facilitate its transportation. This process does not require the use of chemical substances like stabilizers or diluents for its preparation. The vacuum residue is not limited to specific characteristics and the water used, can be distilled, tap water or saltwater (seawater). The process requires low concentration of a non-ionic surfactant; and the emulsions obtained have proportions from 70 to 90% by weight of refining residues, 10 to 30% by weight of water and from 0.1 to 1% by weight of surfactant.
The fuel-in-water emulsion is produced from oil refining residues, such as residues of atmospheric and vacuum distillation, heavy fuel oils and similar, and it is formed from 70 to 90% by weight of refining residues, 10 to 30% by weight of water and from 0.1 to 1% by weight of non-ionic surfactant. This fuel is efficient to its burned, because the fuel oil droplets have the best size to be completely burned into the flame, which has a favorable effect to reduce the unburned particle emissions. In addition, the emulsified fuel remains stable for an enough period for its storage and subsequent injection to the combustion equipment.
C10L 1/32 - Combustibles carbonés liquides consistant en suspensions charbon-huile ou émulsions aqueuses
95.
METHODOLOGY FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL MORPHOLOGICAL AND QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF MICRO AND NANOCAVITIES PRODUCED BY CHEMICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL CORROSION IN METALLIC MATERIALS.
The present invention refers to a procedure which includes the following objectives: d) To determine the morphology of the micro and nanocavities produced by chemical and/or microbiological corrosion in metallic materials, in the space of three dimensions as well as the effective advance of corrosion, the true length of corrosion cavities and their associated parameters: corrosion vectors, corrosion intensity and determination of the cavities diameter/true length of corrosion ratio, applying scanning electron microscopy (MEB) techniques, and analytic, gravimetric and volumetric formulations; e) To quantitatively determine the rate of chemical and/or microbiological corrosion in metallic materials, through their volumetric and gravimetric properties; and f) To obtain a graphic interface to access the numeric information and the micrographs in a simple and friendly manner. More specifically, the present invention is related to the laboratory procedures, analytic expressions, devices, procedures and calculations required to characterize the micro and nanocavities of coupons and biocoupons, caused by chemical and/or microbiological pitting and uniform corrosion.
The present invention relates to a batch process for preparing fuel-in-water emulsions from oil refining residues by adding an emulsifying agent to disperse the residual oil in water to facilitate its transportation and efficient burn. The fuel oil droplets have the best size to be completely burned into the flame reducing the unburned particle emissions. This preparation emulsion process does not require the use of chemical substances like stabilizers or diluents for its preparation. The oil refining residue is not limited to specific characteristics and the water used can be distilled, tap water or saltwater. The process requires low concentration of an non-ionic surfactant; and the emulsions produced have weight proportions from 70 to 90% of refining residues, 10 to 30% of water and from 0.1 to 1% surfactant. The emulsified fuel remains stable for at least 3 months for its storage and subsequent injection into the combustion equipment.
A continuous process for preparing fuel-in-water emulsions from oil refining residues is provided. A vacuum residue is adjusted a temperature of approximately 110 °C with a heat exchanger, and stored at that temperature. The vacuum residue is then mixed in a static mixer with a homogenized mixture of a non-ionic surfactant and water, the homogenized mixture introduced at a temperature between 55 and 60 °C. The vacuum residue and homogenized mixture are mixed at a temperature between 70 and 110 °C. This resulting mixture, is fed into a dynamic mixer at a temperature between 60 and 80 °C and mixed to form a completed emulsion. The completed emulsion has from 70% to 90% by weight refining residues, from 10% to 30% by weight of water, and from 0.1% to 1% by weight surfactant, the total percent of the refining residues, water, and surfactant being 100%.
C10L 1/32 - Combustibles carbonés liquides consistant en suspensions charbon-huile ou émulsions aqueuses
98.
HYDROXYSULTAINE- AND SULFOBETAINE-BASED GEMINAL ZWITTERIONIC LIQUIDS, METHOD FOR OBTAINING SAME, AND USE THEREOF AS WETTABILITY MODIFIERS HAVING CORROSION INHIBITING PROPERTIES
The invention relates to the production and use of hydroxysultaine- and sulfobetaine-based geminal zwitterionic liquids as agents for modifying the wettability of rock, such as limestone, dolomite, sandstone, quartz or heterogeneous lithologies, in the presence of brines having a high concentration of divalent ions, such as calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, and under high temperature and high pressure conditions, in enhanced oil recovery processes in order to increase oil production. The geminal zwitterionic liquids of the invention also act as inhibitors of the corrosion of ferrous metals used in ducts and equipment for operations involving the extraction, production, transport and storage of crude oil. These zwitterionic liquids are also advantageous in that, owing to their molecular structure, they can be dissolved in distilled water, brine, hydrocarbon and aromatic solvents, and alcohols.
C07C 309/69 - Esters d'acides sulfoniques ayant des atomes de soufre de groupes sulfo estérifiés liés à des atomes de carbone acycliques d'un squelette carboné substitué par des atomes d'azote ne faisant pas partie de groupes nitro ou nitroso
C07C 303/26 - Préparation d'esters ou d'amides d'acides sulfuriques; Préparation d'acides sulfoniques ou de leurs esters, halogénures, anhydrides ou amides d'esters d'acides sulfoniques
C10G 75/02 - Inhibition de la corrosion ou des salissures dans des appareils de traitement ou de conversion des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en général par addition d'inhibiteurs de corrosion
C10L 1/24 - Composés organiques contenant du soufre, du sélénium ou du tellure
99.
GEMINAL ZWITTERIONIC LIQUIDS, SULFOBETAINE- AND HYDROXISULTAINE-BASE, PROCESS OF OBTAINING AND USING AS WETTABILITY MODIFIER WITH CORROSION INHIBITORY PROPERTIES
The invention relates to the production and use of hydroxysultaine- and sulfobetaine-based geminal zwitterionic liquids as agents for modifying the wettability of rock, such as limestone, dolomite, sandstone, quartz or heterogeneous lithologies, in the presence of brines having a high concentration of divalent ions, such as calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, and under high temperature and high pressure conditions, in enhanced oil recovery processes in order to increase oil production. The geminal zwitterionic liquids of the invention also act as inhibitors of the corrosion of ferrous metals used in ducts and equipment for operations involving the extraction, production, transport and storage of crude oil. These zwitterionic liquids are also advantageous in that, owing to their molecular structure, they can be dissolved in distilled water, brine, hydrocarbon and aromatic solvents, and alcohols.
C07C 309/69 - Esters d'acides sulfoniques ayant des atomes de soufre de groupes sulfo estérifiés liés à des atomes de carbone acycliques d'un squelette carboné substitué par des atomes d'azote ne faisant pas partie de groupes nitro ou nitroso
C07C 303/26 - Préparation d'esters ou d'amides d'acides sulfuriques; Préparation d'acides sulfoniques ou de leurs esters, halogénures, anhydrides ou amides d'esters d'acides sulfoniques
C10G 75/02 - Inhibition de la corrosion ou des salissures dans des appareils de traitement ou de conversion des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en général par addition d'inhibiteurs de corrosion
C10L 1/24 - Composés organiques contenant du soufre, du sélénium ou du tellure
Hydroxypropyl betaine based zwitterionic geminal liquids, obtaining process and use as wettability modifiers with inhibitory/dispersants properties of asphaltenes
The present invention is related to the obtaining and use of zwitterionic geminal liquids based on hydroxypropyl betaine, as wettability modifiers of rocks such as limestone, dolomite, sandstone, quartz or heterogeneous lithologies, in the presence of brines with high content of divalent ions as calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, at high temperature and high pressure conditions during the application of enhanced oil recovery processes.
The zwitterionic geminal liquids based hydroxypropyl betaine of the present invention have also the property of acting as inhibitors/dispersing of asphaltenes, both at extraction and production operations of petroleum industry, thus allowing to increase the level of crude oil production. An additional advantage presented by zwitterionic geminal liquid based on hydroxypropyl betaine which can be dissolved in distilled water, brine, aliphatic hydrocarbons or other polar and nonpolar solvents.
C07C 309/14 - Acides sulfoniques ayant des groupes sulfo liés à des atomes de carbone acycliques d'un squelette carboné acyclique saturé contenant des atomes d'azote, ne faisant pas partie de groupes nitro ou nitroso, liés au squelette carboné contenant des groupes amino liés au squelette carboné
C07C 303/22 - Préparation d'esters ou d'amides d'acides sulfuriques; Préparation d'acides sulfoniques ou de leurs esters, halogénures, anhydrides ou amides d'acides sulfoniques ou de leurs halogénures à partir d'acides sulfoniques par des réactions n'impliquant pas la formation de groupes sulfo ou halogénosulfonyle
C09K 8/54 - Compositions pour inhiber in situ la corrosion dans les puits ou les trous de forage
C09K 8/584 - Compositions pour les méthodes de récupération assistée pour l'extraction d'hydrocarbures, c. à d. pour améliorer la mobilité de l'huile, p.ex. fluides de déplacement caractérisées par l'utilisation de tensio-actifs spécifiques
C09K 8/524 - Compositions pour éviter, limiter ou éliminer les dépôts, p.ex. pour le nettoyage les dépôts organiques, p.ex. paraffines ou asphaltènes
C10G 75/04 - Inhibition de la corrosion ou des salissures dans des appareils de traitement ou de conversion des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en général par addition d'agents antisalissures
C07C 213/00 - Préparation de composés contenant des groupes amino et hydroxy, amino et hydroxy éthérifiés ou amino et hydroxy estérifiés liés au même squelette carboné
C07C 227/16 - Préparation de composés contenant des groupes amino et carboxyle liés au même squelette carboné à partir de composés contenant déjà des groupes amino et carboxyle ou leurs dérivés par des réactions n'impliquant pas les groupes amino ou carboxyle
C07C 229/08 - Composés contenant des groupes amino et carboxyle liés au même squelette carboné ayant des groupes amino et carboxyle liés à des atomes de carbone acycliques du même squelette carboné le squelette carboné étant acyclique et saturé ayant un seul groupe amino et un seul groupe carboxyle liés au squelette carboné l'atome d'azote du groupe amino étant lié de plus à des atomes d'hydrogène
brevets
