A method in a system for supporting a combustion boiler plant, and a system for supporting a combustion boiler plant. The support system (9) comprises at least: several hydraulic cylinders (13) which support at least one unit of the combustion boiler plant and keep said at least one unit at a desired height level; and a hydraulic control circuit and a control unit (24) for controlling the same, configured to control said cylinders. According to some examples, the unit is a boiler, or a boiler based on fluidized bed combustion, or the grate structure of a boiler based on fluidized bed combustion, or the furnace of a boiler based on fluidized bed combustion, or the loop seal of a circulating fluidized bed boiler. According to an embodiment, the system is particularly a system (9) for supporting the loop seal of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, keeping the loop seal at a desired height level.
F23C 10/30 - Dispositifs de commande spécialement adaptés aux appareils de combustion à lit fluidisé pour commander le niveau du lit ou la quantité de matière dans le lit
F23C 10/10 - Appareils dans lesquels la combustion a lieu dans un lit fluidisé de combustible ou d'autres particules avec des moyens spécialement adaptés pour obtenir ou activer un mouvement de circulation des particules à l'intérieur du lit ou pour remettre en circulation les particules entraînées à l'extérieur du lit les particules étant entraînées vers une section, p. ex. une section d'échange de chaleur ou une conduite de retour, au moins partiellement séparée de la zone de combustion, avant d'être réintroduites dans la zone de combustion caractérisés par l'agencement de l'appareil de séparation, p. ex. des cyclones, pour séparer les particules des gaz de fumée l'appareil de séparation étant situé à l'extérieur de la chambre de combustion
F23C 10/28 - Dispositifs de commande spécialement adaptés aux appareils de combustion à lit fluidisé
2.
IMPROVEMENT OF HEAT TRANSFER FROM A FLUIDIZED BED TO A HEAT EXCHANGER PIPE
The use of a heat exchanger pipe (300) in the fluidized bed of a fluidized bed boiler. The heat exchanger pipe (300) has a first dimension (dmax) in its crosssectional plane and a second dimension (dmin) in a direction transverse to the first dimension, the first dimension being greater than the second dimension. At least part of the heat exchanger pipe (300) is placed in a fluidized bed (100, 136, 133, 139, 130, 145) in such a way that the longitudinal direction of the pipe is at an angle smaller than 60 degrees to the horizontal plane. Said second dimension (dmin) is horizontal. The cross-section of the heat exchanger pipe (300) tapers towards the upper and lower edges. Furthermore, a fluidized bed boiler is presented for implementing said use. Moreover, a method is presented for heating a heat transfer fluid by a granular solid substance. In the method, a fluidized bed is formed of said solid substance in the fluidized bed boiler, and the heat exchanger pipe is used in the described manner.
F23C 10/00 - Appareils dans lesquels la combustion a lieu dans un lit fluidisé de combustible ou d'autres particules
F28D 13/00 - Appareils échangeurs de chaleur utilisant un lit fluidisé
F28F 1/02 - Éléments tubulaires de section transversale non circulaire
F28F 1/14 - Éléments tubulaires ou leurs ensembles avec moyens pour augmenter la surface de transfert de chaleur, p. ex. avec des ailettes, avec des saillies, avec des évidements ces moyens étant uniquement à l'extérieur de l'élément tubulaire et s'étendant longitudinalement
3.
A BOILER, AND A SILENCER FOR A FLUE GAS DUCT IN A BOILER
A boiler comprising a flue gas duct and heat exchanger pipes (132, 212, 262) in the flue gas duct. The boiler comprises a planar silencer plate (320), which silencer plate (320) comprises sound absorbing material, and said first silencer plate (320) being placed downstream of one of said heat exchanger pipes (132, 212, 262) in the flow direction of flue gases in said flue gas duct. Furthermore, a silencer for a flue gas duct with a rectangular cross-section in a boiler, the silencer comprising at least a first and a second planar silencer plate (320) substantially parallel to the flow direction of flue gases, the silencer plates (320) comprising sound absorbing material. The first silencer plate is placed at an angle to the second silencer plate, wherein the width of the resonating area of the flue gas duct becomes narrower in two directions transverse to the flow direction of the flue gases.
The use of a fluidized bed boiler as a heat source for a torrefaction process is presented. The fluidized bed boiler (100, 150) comprises means (210, 106, 156) for heating heat transfer medium (112, 212), means (213, 302) for transferring the heat transfer medium to a torrefaction reactor (200, 300, 400, 500), and means (215, 313) for receiving heat transfer medium from the torrefaction reactor. Furthermore, a method for torrefying biomass (202) is presented. In the method, biomass is heated to a torrefaction temperature in a torrefaction reactor by means of heat transfer medium, and the biomass is kept at the torrefaction temperature for a retention time. Further in the method, the heat transfer medium (112, 212) is heated by a fluidized bed boiler (100, 150), the heat transfer medium (112, 212) is transferred from the fluidized bed boiler (100, 150) to the torrefaction reactor (200, 300, 400, 500), and the heat transfer medium is transferred from the torrefaction reactor to the fluidized bed boiler. Furthermore, a torrefaction system is presented, which comprises a torrefaction reactor (200, 300, 400, 500) for torrefying biomass (202) into biocoal (204), means for conveying biomass to the torrefaction reactor, and heat transfer medium (112, 212) for heating the biomass. The torrefaction system further comprises a fluidized bed boiler (100, 150) for heating the heat transfer medium, means (213, 302) for conveying the heat transfer medium from the fluidized bed boiler (100, 150) to the torrefaction reactor (200, 300, 400, 500), and means (215, 313) for conveying the heat transfer medium from the torrefaction reactor to the fluidized bed boiler (100, 150). Both in the method and in the system, torrefaction gas or bed material from the fluidized bed boiler may be used as the heat transfer medium.
C10L 9/08 - Traitement des combustibles solides en vue d'améliorer leur combustion par traitement thermique, p. ex. calcination
C10B 49/04 - Distillation destructive des matières carbonées solides par chauffage direct au moyen d'agents porteurs de chaleur, y compris la combustion partielle de la matière à traiter avec des gaz ou des vapeurs à haute température, p. ex. les gaz chauds obtenus par la combustion partielle de la charge avec déplacement simultané de la matière solide à traiter
C10B 49/22 - Distillation destructive des matières carbonées solides par chauffage direct au moyen d'agents porteurs de chaleur, y compris la combustion partielle de la matière à traiter avec des porteurs de chaleur solides, mobiles, sous forme divisée sous forme dispersée selon la technique du "lit fluidisé"
C10B 53/02 - Distillation destructive spécialement conçue pour des matières premières solides particulières ou sous forme spéciale de matières contenant de la cellulose
5.
A FLUE GAS AIR PREHEATER, AND A METHOD FOR INSTALLATION, AS WELL AS AN AIR PIPE COMPONENT FOR A FLUE GAS AIR PREHEATER
A flue gas air preheater and a method for the installation of air pipes for a flue gas air preheater (3), wherein a set of air pipes (7) is connected to said preheater, the method comprising: cutting an air pipe (7) connected to the preheater and detaching the portion of the air pipe (7) that is to be removed from the preheater for replacement; fitting a separate new air pipe (7a) in place of the air pipe portion to be removed; and connecting said new air pipe (7a) to the remaining portion (7b) of the air pipe (7) in a sealed manner, as an extension of it. In an example, the fixing is performed utilizing a fastening sleeve (13) fixed to the end of the new air pipe (7a) and inserting it in the remaining portion (7b) of the air pipe (7). In an example, the fixing is performed by means of a mechanical sealing solution (13d, 13f) without welding. The air pipe component for the flue gas air preheater (3) comprises: an air pipe (7a), and a fastening sleeve (13).
F28D 7/16 - Appareils échangeurs de chaleur comportant des ensembles de canalisations tubulaires fixes pour les deux sources de potentiel calorifique, ces sources étant en contact chacune avec un côté de la paroi d'une canalisation les canalisations étant espacées parallèlement
F28F 11/00 - Dispositions pour étancher les fuites des tubes ou des canalisations
A bag filter comprises a hole plate (4) as well as elongated filter elements (6) installed in apertures (5) of the hole plate. In a first step, a damaged filter element (6) is detected, and in a second step, a separate plugging piece (12) is fed into the aperture (5) of the hole plate that corresponds to the damaged filter element, in such a way that the plugging piece (12) blocks the flow from the filter element (6) to the outside of the aperture.
B01D 29/11 - Filtres à éléments filtrants stationnaires pendant la filtration, p. ex. filtres à aspiration ou à pression, non couverts par les groupes Leurs éléments filtrants avec des éléments filtrants en forme de sac, de cage, de tuyau, de tube, de manchon ou analogue
B01D 46/24 - Séparateurs de particules utilisant des corps filtrants creux et rigides, p. ex. appareils de précipitation de poussières
A boiler and a method in a boiler (1) producing thermal energy, the method comprising: combustion or fuel and combustion air in the furnace (2) of the boiler, delimited by walls; receiving of thermal energy by a steam superheater (15) placed on the wall of the furnace and comprising at least one heat exchange surface (21), and supplying of gas or a gas mixture to the front of said heat exchange surface to form a barrier layer (18) for protecting the heat exchange surface from flue gases (19) developed in connection with the combustion. At least one supply device (17) is provided in the superheater or in the direct vicinity of the superheater, to supply gas or a gas mixture to the front of said heat exchange surface to form a barrier layer (18) to protect the heat exchange surface from the flue gases (19) in the boiler. In one example, a supply device matrix is provided in the area delimited by the superheater.
The invention relates to a method and apparatus for processing the black liquor of a pulp mill to recover the chemicals and energy therein. In the invention, the black liquor is pyrolyzed in a pyrolysis reactor (6), formed gaseous components are lead for utilization, sand is returned to a fluidized-bed boiler, and solid matter is mixed with water, whereby a soda-water solution is returned to the pulping process and solid carbon to the fluidized-bed boiler (1).
A bag filter comprises a hole plate (4) as well as elongated filter elements (6) installed in apertures (5) of the hole plate. The hole plate (4) is a sheet with a sandwich structure, comprising an upper plate (8) and a lower plate (7), whose apertures (5b, 5a) are aligned for inserting filter elements (6) in the apertures (5), and reinforcements (9) are provided between the upper plate (8) and the lower plate (7), interconnecting the sheets and running between the apertures (5). The apertures (5) of the hole plate constitute cardioid strings in the plane of the hole plate.
B01D 29/11 - Filtres à éléments filtrants stationnaires pendant la filtration, p. ex. filtres à aspiration ou à pression, non couverts par les groupes Leurs éléments filtrants avec des éléments filtrants en forme de sac, de cage, de tuyau, de tube, de manchon ou analogue
B01D 46/00 - Filtres ou procédés spécialement modifiés pour la séparation de particules dispersées dans des gaz ou des vapeurs
10.
METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR TREATMENT OF BLACK LIQUOR AT PULP MILL
The invention relates to a method and equipment for treating pulp mill black liquor so as to recover the energy in chemicals therein. In the invention the black liquor is pyrolysed in a pyrolysis reactor (4), where causticizing material consisting of metal oxide and sodium, oxide and heated in a burning unit (6) is conveyed, and gaseous components formed in pyrolysis are conveyed for utilization and solids are returned to the burning unit.
F23G 7/04 - Procédés ou appareils, p. ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets particuliers ou de combustibles pauvres, p. ex. des produits chimiques de liqueurs résiduelles, p. ex. de liqueurs au sulfite
F23G 5/027 - Procédés ou appareils, p. ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets ou de combustibles pauvres comportant un traitement préalable par pyrolyse ou par gazéification
C10B 49/00 - Distillation destructive des matières carbonées solides par chauffage direct au moyen d'agents porteurs de chaleur, y compris la combustion partielle de la matière à traiter
11.
METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR OPTIMISING COMBUSTION CONDITIONS IN A FLUIDISED-BED BOILER
A method and an arrangement for optimising combustion conditions in a fluidised-bed boiler, in which combustion gas is fed at two or more height levels, the first of which is a primary level (P) which is located at the height of a furnace bottom and the second is a secondary level (S) which is located above fuel feed height (F), above which secondary level (S) there can be still other combustion gas feed levels (T,...). At least one combustion gas feed level (P, S, T,...) is fed at different points of the furnace (11) in its horizontal direction with combustion gases having different oxygen contents such that zones of different oxygen content can be formed in the horizontal direction of the furnace (11).
A flue gas air preheating apparatus (3) for combustion air in a boiler of a power plant, comprising an air pipe (7) placed in a flue gas duct (2). An air guide sleeve (8) is provided at the initial end of the air pipe (7), at least partly inside the air pipe, the air guide sleeve (8) being made of a poorly heat conductive material and designed to diminish turbulence in the air flow. The invention also relates to a method and a corrosion shield.
The invention relates to a method of carrying out pyrolysis process in a pyrolysis reactor (4) for solid fuel to produce pyrolysis oil. The method comprises supplying solid fuel into a drying zone in the pyrolysis reactor (4) for removing moisture containing gases, drying the solid fuel in the drying zone and extracting the moisture containing gases re- moved from the solid fuel out of the pyrolysis reactor (4), passing the dried solid fuel from the drying zone to the pyrolysis zone of the pyrolysis reactor (4), pyrolyzing the dried solid fuel for separating pyrolysis gases from the dried solid fuel and conducting the pyrolysis gases from the pyrolysis reactor (4) to a condenser (8) for producing pyrolysis oil.
C10B 49/22 - Distillation destructive des matières carbonées solides par chauffage direct au moyen d'agents porteurs de chaleur, y compris la combustion partielle de la matière à traiter avec des porteurs de chaleur solides, mobiles, sous forme divisée sous forme dispersée selon la technique du "lit fluidisé"
C10B 53/02 - Distillation destructive spécialement conçue pour des matières premières solides particulières ou sous forme spéciale de matières contenant de la cellulose
C10B 49/16 - Distillation destructive des matières carbonées solides par chauffage direct au moyen d'agents porteurs de chaleur, y compris la combustion partielle de la matière à traiter avec des porteurs de chaleur solides, mobiles, sous forme divisée
F23C 10/00 - Appareils dans lesquels la combustion a lieu dans un lit fluidisé de combustible ou d'autres particules
A preheating device (1 ) for combustion air in a boiler, the device comprising first heat exchanger structures fitted in a flue gas duct (2), for heating primary air (P), a first air supply area (5) in the wall of the flue gas duct (2), for supplying air to be heated to the first heat exchanger structures, second heat exchanger structures fitted in a flue gas duct (2), for heating secondary air (S), as well as a second air supply area (6) in the wall of the flue gas duct (2), for supplying air to be heated to the second heat exchanger structures. The first air supply area (5) is opposite the second air supply area (6). The invention also relates to a power plant.
F28D 1/02 - Appareils échangeurs de chaleur comportant des ensembles de canalisations fixes pour une seule des sources de potentiel calorifique, les deux sources étant en contact chacune avec un côté de la paroi de la canalisation, dans lesquels l'autre source de potentiel calorifique est une grande masse de fluide, p. ex. radiateurs domestiques ou de moteur de voiture avec des canalisations d'échange de chaleur immergées dans la masse du fluide
F28D 1/047 - Appareils échangeurs de chaleur comportant des ensembles de canalisations fixes pour une seule des sources de potentiel calorifique, les deux sources étant en contact chacune avec un côté de la paroi de la canalisation, dans lesquels l'autre source de potentiel calorifique est une grande masse de fluide, p. ex. radiateurs domestiques ou de moteur de voiture avec des canalisations d'échange de chaleur immergées dans la masse du fluide avec canalisations tubulaires les canalisations étant courbées, p. ex. en serpentin ou en zigzag
15.
A METHOD FOR THE THERMAL TREATMENT OF BIOMASS IN CONNECTION WITH A BOILER PLANT
The invention relates to the improvement of the fuel-properties of biomass in an integrated manner to facilitate storage, shipping and applicability thereof. In the process, biomass (6) is thermally treated within a combustion process to cause partial torrefaction of the organic matter present in biomass, thus yielding components inert to biological decomposition processes. Constituents (10) separated in gaseous form are utilized as fuel, while the thermally treated biomass (8) remaining in the solid form is utilized in a separate process.
C10B 53/02 - Distillation destructive spécialement conçue pour des matières premières solides particulières ou sous forme spéciale de matières contenant de la cellulose
C10B 49/02 - Distillation destructive des matières carbonées solides par chauffage direct au moyen d'agents porteurs de chaleur, y compris la combustion partielle de la matière à traiter avec des gaz ou des vapeurs à haute température, p. ex. les gaz chauds obtenus par la combustion partielle de la charge
C10L 5/40 - Combustibles solides à base essentielle de matières d'origine non minérale
16.
METHOD FOR REDUCING NITROGEN OXIDE EMISSIONS IN OXYFUEL COMBUSTION
A method for reducing nitrogen oxide emissions in oxyfuel combustion, which method comprises supplying in a furnace (11) of a circulating fluidised bed boiler (10) at least one primary gas flow (15) and at least one secondary gas flow (16), which both have been produced by mixing oxygen and circulated flue gas together. The oxygen content of the primary gas (15) is adjusted such that a reducing zone (I) is formed at the bottom of the furnace, in which zone nitrogen oxides are reduced to nitrogen. The oxygen content of the secondary gas is adjusted such that above the reducing zone (I) is formed an oxidising zone (II), in which zone combustion is completed.
F23C 10/04 - Appareils dans lesquels la combustion a lieu dans un lit fluidisé de combustible ou d'autres particules avec des moyens spécialement adaptés pour obtenir ou activer un mouvement de circulation des particules à l'intérieur du lit ou pour remettre en circulation les particules entraînées à l'extérieur du lit les particules étant entraînées vers une section, p. ex. une section d'échange de chaleur ou une conduite de retour, au moins partiellement séparée de la zone de combustion, avant d'être réintroduites dans la zone de combustion
F23C 10/18 - Appareils dans lesquels la combustion a lieu dans un lit fluidisé de combustible ou d'autres particules Parties constitutivesAccessoires
F23L 7/00 - Alimentation du foyer en liquides ou gaz non combustibles autres que l'air, p. ex. oxygène, vapeur d'eau
17.
METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR TREATMENT OF BLACK LI QUOR AT PULP MILL
The invention relates to a method and equipment for treatment of black liquor at a pulp mill in order to recover chemicals and energy contained therein. In the invention, the black liquor is pyrolyzed in a pyrolysis reactor (4), the formed gaseous components are forwarded for utilization and the solids are mixed with water, whereby the formed solids are returned to a lime burning kiln (1) and the sodium-hydroxide-containing liquid is returned to the pulp cooking process.
A pyrolysis apparatus comprises a furnace (1) operating by fluidized bed combustion, a pyrolyzer (4) and flow paths, which connect the furnace (1) and the pyrolyzer (4) for arranging the circulation (C) of carrier material of the fluidized bed combustion between the furnace and the pyrolyzer .The apparatus also comprises a supply inlet (14) for supplying fuel to be pyrolyzed to the pyrolyzer (4), fluidizing gas supply means (5) arranged in the pyrolyzer for fluidizing the mixture of carrier material and fuel, and an outlet (6) for taking condensible gaseous substances separated from the fuel to be pyrolyzed out of the pyrolyzer (4), and a condenser for condensing the condensible gaseous substances. The carrier material circulation is arranged at the furnace (1) by a cocurrent principle along the flow path of hot flue gases, which comprises a separator (3) located higher than the pyrolyzer (4), which separator is arranged to separate carrier material from flue gases, while the circulation also comprises a connecting conduit (11) between the separator (3) and the pyrolyzer (4) for moving the carrier material by gravity to the pyrolyzer (4), and a return path (12) between the pyrolyzer (4) and the furnace (1) for returning the carrier material to the furnace (1). The outlet (6) is arranged in the chamber formed by the pyrolyzer (4) in its upper part in a space above the fluidized mixture of carrier material and fuel in order to remove the condensible gaseous substances from the pyrolyzer.
C10B 49/22 - Distillation destructive des matières carbonées solides par chauffage direct au moyen d'agents porteurs de chaleur, y compris la combustion partielle de la matière à traiter avec des porteurs de chaleur solides, mobiles, sous forme divisée sous forme dispersée selon la technique du "lit fluidisé"
19.
Method for performing pyrolysis and a pyrolysis apparatus
A pyrolysis apparatus comprises a substantially closed pyrolyzer (4), a supply inlet for supplying pyrolyzable fuel to the pyrolyzer (4), an outlet for taking hot bed material in particle form out of the pyrolyzer, one or more exit outlets (6) for taking condensible gaseous substances separated from the fuel to be pyrolyzed out of the pyrolyzer, a condenser (8) for condensing the condensible gaseous substances into pyrolysis oil, and a line (7) for transferring the condensible gaseous substances from the exit outlet of the pyrolyzer (4) to the condenser (8). The means for maintaining pyrolysis conditions in the pyrolyzer (4) comprise an inlet for taking hot bed material in particle form into the pyrolyzer and means (5) for supplying fluidizing gas to the pyrolyzer.
The pyrolyzer (4) is a chamber bounded directly by a furnace (1) of a bubbling fluidized bed boiler, through which chamber fluidized bed material is arranged to be circulated between the inlet and the outlet. Means (5) for supplying fluidizing gas are divided over an area between the inlet (11) and the outlet (12) in the pyrolyzer (4) so that they create a cross-flow of fluidizing gas in relation to the transfer direction (S) of the bed material and fuel.
C10B 49/22 - Distillation destructive des matières carbonées solides par chauffage direct au moyen d'agents porteurs de chaleur, y compris la combustion partielle de la matière à traiter avec des porteurs de chaleur solides, mobiles, sous forme divisée sous forme dispersée selon la technique du "lit fluidisé"
A method of scrubbing flue gases of two or more diesel engines and a scrubber for scrubbing flue gases of two or more diesel engines. The scrubber (1) comprises scrubbing means (3) for scrubbing the flue gases, and conduits (4) for conveying the flue gases to said scrubbing means (3) to be scrubbed in the same scrubbing process. The different flue gas flows are arranged to be conveyed in separate conduits (4) all the way to the scrubbing means (3).
B01D 53/14 - Séparation de gaz ou de vapeursRécupération de vapeurs de solvants volatils dans les gazÉpuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p. ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par absorption
A cleaning apparatus for a smelt spout of a recovery boiler, which apparatus comprises a motorized cleaning member (7) for cleaning the smelt spout (1). The cleaning apparatus further comprises a path (5) and a cleaning unit, which comprises motorized transfer means for transferring the cleaning unit to the location of the smelt spout (1) along the path.
A cleaning apparatus for a smelt spout of a recovery boiler, which apparatus comprises a motorized cleaning member (7) for cleaning the smelt spout (1). The cleaning apparatus further comprises a path (5) and a cleaning unit, which comprises motorized transfer means for transferring the cleaning unit to the location of the smelt spout (1) along the path.
A method and an equipment for reducing sulphur dioxide emissions of a marine engine, wherein flue gases are scrubbed with a scrubbing solution in a scrubber. Fresh water with added sulphur removal reagent is used as the scrubbing solution.
A method and an equipment for reducing sulphur dioxide emissions of a marine engine, wherein flue gases are scrubbed with a scrubbing solution in a scrubber. Fresh water with added sulphur removal reagent is used as the scrubbing solution.
B01D 53/14 - Séparation de gaz ou de vapeursRécupération de vapeurs de solvants volatils dans les gazÉpuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p. ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par absorption
B01D 53/92 - Épuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires des gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion
B63H 21/32 - Aménagements relatifs aux conduits d'échappement pour appareils de propulsionCheminées propres aux navires
B63J 1/00 - Aménagements relatifs aux installations de production d'eau douce sur les navires, p. ex. par évaporation et condensation de l'eau de mer
F01N 3/08 - Silencieux ou dispositifs d'échappement comportant des moyens pour purifier, rendre inoffensifs ou traiter les gaz d'échappement pour rendre les gaz d'échappement inoffensifs
F23J 15/04 - Aménagement des dispositifs de traitement de fumées ou de vapeurs des purificateurs, p. ex. pour enlever les matériaux nocifs utilisant des fluides de lavage
In a method for processing flue gases, flue gases from an incineration plant for non-condensable gases of a kraft pulp mill are scrubbed by means of a calcium compound. The calcium compound is lime mud taken from the chemical recirculation of the kraft pulp mill after causticization and before a lime reburning kiln, and it is used in the scrubbing of gas as a substance reacting with sulphur dioxide.
A method for improving the operation safety of the smelt spout area of a recovery boiler, which smelt spout area comprises a working area (6), as well as smelt spouts (2) connected to the lower part of the boiler for directing the smelt from the boiler to a dissolving tank (4). In the method the smelt spouts (2) are separated from the working area (6) by a shielding wall (8, 10) arranged movable in relation to the smelt spouts. The invention also relates to a smelt spout area of a recovery boiler.
The invention relates to an arrangement in a recovery boiler, into which spent liquor to be combusted and combustion air are fed, the arrangement comprising superheaters in the upper part of the recovery boiler for recovering heat. Instead of screen tubes the invention is provided with a superheater formed of horizontal elements.
A method for reducing nitrogen oxide emissions of a bubbling fluidized bed boiler burning biofuel and an air distribution system for a bubbling fluidized bed boiler biofuel. A fluidized bed (2) is arranged in the lower part of a furnace (1) of the bubbling fluidized bed boiler, which is fluidized by means of fluidizing gas, which comprises at least primary air. Fuel is fed to the fluidized bed (2), which dries and pyrolizes into pyrolysis gas comprising volatile matter of fuel, which gas rises upwards in the furnace and burns there. Secondary air is supplied above the fluidized bed (2) from secondary air nozzles (6), and tertiary air is supplied above the secondary air nozzles (6). A part of primary air is supplied in connection with fuel feeding in such a manner that the fuel is forced substantially on the surface of the fluidized bed (2), thus pyrolizing entirely, and at least a part of the pyrolysis gases formed in the pyrolysis is burnt by means of primary air in such a manner that the air coefficient in relation to the volatile matter of fuel in the pyrolysis gases is in the substoichiometric area.
F23C 10/22 - Dispositifs d'alimentation en combustible spécialement adaptés aux appareils de combustion à lit fluidisé
F23G 7/10 - Procédés ou appareils, p. ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets particuliers ou de combustibles pauvres, p. ex. des produits chimiques de détritus provenant des champs ou des jardins
F23K 3/02 - Alimentation pneumatique, c.-à-d. par courant d'air
A method for reducing corrosion of a superheater (6) of a steam boiler, which superheater (6) comprises a superheater piping (7), which comprises a steam pipe (9), where the steam (S) to be superheated is directed to. The steam pipe (9) is separated by a protective shell (8), whose surface settling in the flue gas space (G) has a temperature that rises above an upper critical temperature (Tk2), above which temperature in the flue gas space the compounds from the fuel are substantially in a gaseous form. In addition, the invention relates to a superheater of a steam boiler and a circulating fluidized bed boiler.
F22B 31/00 - Modifications de la structure de la chaudière ou des systèmes de tubes, dépendant de l'installation d'un appareil à combustionAménagements ou dispositions des appareils à combustion
Method for treatment of spent liquor at a pulp mill, in which method at least a part of the spent liquor flow arriving from the evaporation plant is taken to a pyrolysis reactor, wherein it is pyrolysed at a temperature of 300-800° C. in order to separate evaporable compounds from the coke remaining in a solid state. The pyrolysis products, which are gases or liquids, may be used as fuel or they may be processed further. The coke resulting from the pyrolysis is burnt in a soda recovery boiler or in a gasification reactor to regenerate cooking chemicals. The method is suitable for recovery of chemicals and energy both in sulphate and sulphite processes and also in cooking methods based on organic solvents.
