α-Phase manganese dioxide, when in a mesoporous form, has useful properties enabling its use as electrodes, inter alia, in lithium batteries and supercapacitors.
Mesoporous electrode materials with large particle size where the majority of particles have sizes in excess of 15 μm have a well connected internal mesopore network, and have high power capability when used as intercalation materials for a range of battery and supercapacitor chemistries that rely on intercalation mechanisms to store charge.
H01M 4/32 - Électrodes en oxyde ou en hydroxyde de nickel
H01M 4/48 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques
H01M 4/50 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de manganèse
H01M 4/52 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de nickel, de cobalt ou de fer
H01M 4/58 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs de composés inorganiques autres que les oxydes ou les hydroxydes, p. ex. sulfures, séléniures, tellurures, halogénures ou LiCoFyEmploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs de structures polyanioniques, p. ex. phosphates, silicates ou borates
Relatively disordered mesoporous particulate materials have internal porosity, a surface area of 100 m2/g or greater with a network of pores characterised by a peak in the pore size distribution at a value between 2 and 20 nm and a ratio of the half-height width of the distribution's peak to the pore diameter axis position of the peak of at least 0.6.
A metal such as tin which it is difficult to prepare from its salt by- reduction in a liquid crystal system may more rea'dily be obtained if the reduction is carried out in the presence of a compound of a second metal, such as copper, where the compound of the second metal is more readily reduced by the reducing agent such as sodium hypophosphite than is the salt of the first-mentioned metal.
B22F 9/24 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensionsAppareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par un procédé chimique avec réduction de mélanges métalliques à partir de mélanges métalliques liquides, p. ex. de solutions
C09K 19/00 - Substances formant des cristaux liquides
An electrochemical cell for a smart is compressible under a pressure not exceeding 4.5 MegaPascal to reduce reversibly its thickness by at least 5% and has at least two external surfaces (3, 4), electrically insulated from each other, which are electrically conducting and are, or are in electrical contact with, respective electrodes (1, 2).
A lithium ion electrochemical cell comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The negative electrode comprises a powder of a mesoporous material capable of forming a lithium insertion alloy in contact with a support, the powder being chemically deposited from a liquid crystal phase.
An electrochemical cell has a negative electrode comprising a liquid crystal templated mesoporous material capable of forming a lithium insertion alloy, and having a relatively high porosity of from 38% to 80%.
A hybrid supercapacitor comprises a double layer electrode and a redox electrode, in which the ratio of the volumes, and hence the thicknesses, of the two electrodes (the double layer electrode and the redox electrode) is significantly higher than previously considered optimum, specifically from 9:1 to 100:1. The active material is a mesoporous structurewith a periodic arrangement of pores having a defined recognisable topology and architecture. The mesoporous material of the electrodes may be prepared by a liquid crystal templating.
When depositing a metal or a compound of the metal from a liquid crystal phase comprising a metal compound, e.g. a metal salt, by electrochemical means, high concentrations of the salt may be employed by using an ionic surfactant in place of the commonly used non-ionic surfactant.
brevets