The present disclosure relates to a novel gas turbine system having applications, for example, in thermal power generation in an environmentally friendly manner. The multiloop gas turbine system may have multiple functional units each comprising a compressor, a regenerator, a combustion unit, and a turbine. Typically, exhaust flow of a turbine of a preceding loop may be routed to the combustion unit of the next loop, allowing mixing of exhaust flow with hot compressed air of the next loop, and the expanded exhaust from the turbine of the ultimate loop is fed back into the regenerators of each loop to recover exhaust heat.
F02C 1/00 - Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid
F02C 3/34 - Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid with recycling of part of the working fluid, i.e. semi-closed cycles with combustion products in the closed part of the cycle
F02C 6/00 - Plural gas-turbine plantsCombinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatusAdaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
F02C 7/143 - Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant of working fluid before or between the compressor stages
F02C 7/08 - Heating air supply before combustion, e.g. by exhaust gases
2.
PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND METHOD OF FORMING THE SAME
A high pressure fuel pump used for an internal combustion engine and a related method are provided. The fuel pump has a body having a top surface and a side surface. A damper housing is provided on the top surface. A damper cover is provided on the damper housing. A top engaging structure of the damper housing and a bottom engaging structure of the damper cover operatively engage each other to connect the damper cover to the damper housing in a sealed manner. The damper cover and the damper housing collectively define a space for accommodating one or more fluid pressure dampers. A fuel is introduced into the fuel pump through a fuel inlet fitting and processed by the fluid pressure dampers to increase the pressure of the fuel. The fuel of increased pressure is released through a fuel outlet fitting of the fuel pump.
An internally cooled internal combustion piston engine and method of operating a piston engine is provided, with the combination of liquid water injection, higher compression ratios than conventional engines, and leaner air fuel mixtures than conventional engines. The effective compression ratio of the engines herein is greater than 13:1. The engines may employ gasoline or natural gas and use spark ignition, or the engines may employ a diesel-type fuel and use compression ignition. The liquid water injection provides internal cooling, reducing or eliminating the heat rejection to the radiator, reduces engine knock, and reduces NOx emissions. The method of engine operation using internal cooling with liquid water injection, high compression ratio and lean air fuel mixture allow for more complete and efficient combustion and therefore better thermal efficiency as compared to conventional engines.
F02B 47/02 - Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being water or steam
F02D 35/02 - Non-electrical control of engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
F02D 41/00 - Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
The present disclosure relates to a method of modifying a conventional injector (e.g., a high pressure direct fuel injector) and to the modified injector resulting therefrom. The modified injector provides a fluid flow rate and/or fluid spray plume (i.e., pattern) which is different than the fluid flow rate and/or fluid spray plume (i.e., pattern) of the original conventional injector. In one embodiment, provided is a modified injector used in internal combustion engines for fuel delivery directly into the combustion chamber.
F02M 61/16 - Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups
F02M 61/06 - Fuel injectors not provided for in groups or having valves the valves being furnished at seated ends with pintle- or plug-shaped extensions
F02M 61/18 - Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve-seats
B23P 15/16 - Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass plates with holes of very small diameter e.g. for spinning or burner nozzles
An injector nozzle used with an internal combustion engine for shaping a fluid flow is provided. The nozzle has a body and an orifice plate provided at an outlet of the body. The body and the plate extend symmetrically with respect to a central axis. The plate has an interior surface and an opposite exterior surface, which are substantially parallel to each other to define a thickness of the plate. The plate has fluid passageways each having an orifice on the exterior surface. The fluid flow diverges through the fluid passageways to create stream jets. The imaginary extensions the passageways converge to create a focal point and an included angle associated with the focal point.
F02M 61/18 - Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve-seats
F02B 23/06 - Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
6.
Multiloop gas turbine system and method of operation thereof
The present disclosure relates to a novel gas turbine system having applications, for example, in thermal power generation in an environmentally friendly manner. The multiloop gas turbine system may have multiple functional units each comprising a compressor, a regenerator, a combustion unit, and a turbine. Typically, exhaust flow of a turbine of a preceding loop may be routed to the combustion unit of the next loop, allowing mixing of exhaust flow with hot compressed air of the next loop, and the expanded exhaust from the turbine of the ultimate loop is fed back into the regenerators of each loop to recover exhaust heat.
F02C 1/00 - Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid
F02C 3/34 - Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid with recycling of part of the working fluid, i.e. semi-closed cycles with combustion products in the closed part of the cycle
F02C 6/00 - Plural gas-turbine plantsCombinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatusAdaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
F02C 7/143 - Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant of working fluid before or between the compressor stages
F02C 7/08 - Heating air supply before combustion, e.g. by exhaust gases
7.
Internally cooled internal combustion engine and method thereof
An internal combustion engine is equipped with a water injector for cooling the internal combustion engine by a spray of atomized water into the intake track or combustion chamber prior to ignition. The atomized water spray may be in the intake manifold or directly in the cylinder. The water is injected at a volume of between a ratio of about 95% fuel to about 5% water and about 50% fuel and about 50% water. The temperature of the internal combustion engine is maintained at between about 95° C. and about 200° C. during operation.
F01P 9/02 - Cooling by evaporation, e.g. by spraying water on to cylinders
F01P 3/20 - Cooling circuits not specific to a single part of engine or machine
F01P 11/00 - Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups
F02M 26/22 - Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
F02B 47/02 - Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being water or steam
F02M 31/20 - Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for cooling
F02M 25/028 - Adding water into the charge intakes
F02B 1/02 - Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
F02D 19/12 - Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with non-fuel substances or with anti-knock agents, e.g. with anti-knock fuel
F02D 41/00 - Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
In one embodiment, an insert for a fluid nozzle is provided. The insert includes a plurality of passages oriented in included angles to produce colliding jets of a liquid at one or more focal points a specific distance away from the exits of the passages (in one example, the colliding jets of liquid increase fluid atomization and reduce liquid lengths). In one embodiment, the nozzle insert is cylindrical in shape. The insert may be housed, held, trapped or otherwise in material connection with an outer nozzle. The colliding jets of liquid may utilize the kinetic energy carried in particle to particle collision to improve liquid break-up in order to form smaller particles (resulting in high vaporization rates and shorter liquid lengths).
The present disclosure relates to a method of modifying a conventional injector (e.g., a high pressure direct fuel injector) and to the modified injector resulting therefrom. The modified injector provides a fluid flow rate and/or fluid spray plume (i.e., pattern) which is different than the fluid flow rate and/or fluid spray plume (i.e., pattern) of the original conventional injector. In one embodiment, provided is a modified injector used in internal combustion engines for fuel delivery directly into the combustion chamber.
F02M 61/06 - Fuel injectors not provided for in groups or having valves the valves being furnished at seated ends with pintle- or plug-shaped extensions
F02M 61/18 - Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve-seats
B23P 13/00 - Making metal objects by operations essentially involving machining but not covered by a single other subclass
10.
SPRAY TARGETING AND PLUME SHAPING FOR COLLIDING JET ATOMIZER WITH ASYMMETRICAL RADIAL DISTRIBUTION
An injector nozzle used with an internal combustion engine for guiding and shaping a fluid flow is provided. The injector nozzle has a fluid flow guide provided at an outlet of a nozzle body. The fluid flow guide has a plurality of fluid passageways for creating a plurality of stream jets. Each passageway has an orifice, through which a respective stream jet is discharged from a respective passageway. The imaginary extensions and the plurality of passageways converge to create at least one focal point, such that the plurality of stream jets impinge on each other to form a spray plume. The plurality of orifices of the fluid passageways are arranged on an imaginary circle on an exterior surface of the fluid flow guide. The plurality of orifices are radially asymmetrically distributed on the imaginary circle with respect to the central axis of the imaginary circle.
F02M 61/18 - Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve-seats
B05B 1/14 - Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openingsNozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
B05B 1/16 - Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openingsNozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with strainers in or outside the outlet opening having selectively-effective outlets
F02M 61/00 - Fuel injectors not provided for in groups or
F02M 61/16 - Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups
11.
FLUID INJECTOR ORIFICE PLATE FOR COLLIDING FLUID JETS
An injector nozzle used with an internal combustion engine for shaping a fluid flow is provided. The nozzle has a body and an orifice plate provided at an outlet of the body. The body and the plate extend symmetrically with respect to a central axis. The plate has an interior surface and an opposite exterior surface, which are substantially parallel to each other to define a thickness of the plate. The plate has fluid passageways each having an orifice on the exterior surface. The fluid flow diverges through the fluid passageways to create stream jets. The imaginary extensions the passageways converge to create a focal point and an included angle associated with the focal point.
The present disclosure relates to a novel gas turbine having applications, for example, in thermal power generation in an environmentally friendly manner. In various embodiments, the present disclosure provides a multiloop gas turbine with enhanced efficiency close to Ericsson/Carnot Cycle and a method of operating the multiloop gas turbine.
A liquid injector atomizer for direct injection in to the cylinder of an internal combustion engine is provided, with a supply of pressurized liquid a supply of pressurized gas, a body, and a nozzle with two or more orifices each for the liquid and the gas. Each orifice directs a jet of metered pressurized liquid or gas out of the injector body. At least two of the liquid jets are aimed at one or more collision points, where at least two gas jet streams collide at a same collision point or another collision point, thereby creating a finely atomized liquid.
F02M 61/18 - Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve-seats
F02M 67/02 - Apparatus in which fuel-injection is effected by means of high-pressure gas, the gas carrying the fuel into working cylinders of the engine, e.g. air-injection type the gas being compressed air, e.g. compressed in pumps
F02M 67/10 - Injectors peculiar thereto, e.g. of valveless type
F02B 23/06 - Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
An internally cooled internal combustion piston engine and method of operating a piston engine is provided, with the combination of liquid water injection, higher compression ratios than conventional engines, and leaner air fuel mixtures than conventional engines. The effective compression ratio of the engines herein is greater than 13:1. The engines may employ gasoline or natural gas and use spark ignition, or the engines may employ a diesel-type fuel and use compression ignition. The liquid water injection provides internal cooling, reducing or eliminating the heat rejection to the radiator, reduces engine knock, and reduces NOx emissions. The method of engine operation using internal cooling with liquid water injection, high compression ratio and lean air fuel mixture allow for more complete and efficient combustion and therefore better thermal efficiency as compared to conventional engines.
F02B 47/02 - Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being water or steam
F02D 41/00 - Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
F02M 25/028 - Adding water into the charge intakes
F02D 35/02 - Non-electrical control of engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
A liquid injector atomizer for direct injection in to the cylinder of an internal combustion engine is provided, with a supply of pressurized liquid a supply of pressurized gas, a body, and a nozzle with two or more orifices each for the liquid and the gas. Each orifice directs a jet of metered pressurized liquid or gas out of the injector body. At least two of the liquid jets are aimed at one or more collision points, where at least two gas jet streams collide at a same collision point or another collision point, thereby creating a finely atomized liquid.
A liquid injector for injection of liquids into internal combustion engines is provided. The injectors have a plurality of jets aimed at a common collision point, where at least two jet streams collide to create a finely atomized liquid due to kinetic energy dissipated by the impact of the liquid streams. The angle formed by the jets, the pressure applied and the distance at which the jets collide is such that the loss of forward momentum is greater than the energy required to create particles smaller than 5 microns. Liquids injected may include gasoline, diesel-type fuels, or water. The injectors may be employed for port injection or direct injection.
An internal combustion engine is provided equipped with an exhaust gas recirculating (EGR) system and means for internally cooling the exhaust gases by a spray of atomized water into the recirculated exhaust gases prior to ignition. The atomized water spray may be in the intake manifold or directly in the cylinder. The engine may employ spark or compression ignition. The internal combustion engine operates with compression ratios greater than 12:1 and lean air:fuel ratios. Also provided is a method for controlling the amount of exhaust gas recirculated in the engine, and for controlling the amount of water added. The inventive engines have elevated thermodynamic efficiencies and favorable NOx emissions.
An internally cooled internal combustion piston engine and method of operating a piston engine is provided, with the combination of liquid water injection, higher compression ratios than conventional engines, and leaner air fuel mixtures than conventional engines. The effective compression ratio of the engines herein is greater than 13:1. The engines may employ gasoline or natural gas and use spark ignition, or the engines may employ a diesel-type fuel and use compression ignition. The liquid water injection provides internal cooling, reducing or eliminating the heat rejection to the radiator, reduces engine knock, and reduces NOx emissions. The method of engine operation using internal cooling with liquid water injection, high compression ratio and lean air fuel mixture allow for more complete and efficient combustion and therefore better thermal efficiency as compared to conventional engines.
F02B 47/02 - Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being water or steam
19.
Internally cooled high compression lean-burning internal combustion engine
An internally cooled internal combustion piston engine and method of operating a piston engine is provided, with the combination of liquid water injection, higher compression ratios than conventional engines, and leaner air fuel mixtures than conventional engines. The effective compression ratio of the engines herein is greater than 13:1. The engines may employ gasoline or natural gas and use spark ignition, or the engines may employ a diesel-type fuel and use compression ignition. The liquid water injection provides internal cooling, reducing or eliminating the heat rejection to the radiator, reduces engine knock, and reduces NOx emissions. The method of engine operation using internal cooling with liquid water injection, high compression ratio and lean air fuel mixture allow for more complete and efficient combustion and therefore better thermal efficiency as compared to conventional engines.
F02B 47/02 - Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being water or steam
A hydrokinetic energy conversion system (HKECS) is provided, comprising design configurations suitable for efficient production of tidal or river in-stream kinetic energy into useful mechanical energy for tasks such as generating electricity or water pumping. The apparatus includes a set of blades with an airfoil cross sectional contour moving on a horizontal or vertical closed loop track, whereby the blades are propelled through the water by a net tangential lift force, rather than drag, to effectively convert the kinetic energy of flowing water to useful power.
F03B 17/06 - Other machines or engines using liquid flow, e.g. of swinging-flap type
F03B 13/26 - Adaptations of machines or engines for special useCombinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatusPower stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
A linear wind powered electric generator (LWPEG), which is particularly adapted for installation at geographical sites subject to lower wind intensities. More specifically, there are provided design concepts for an LWPEG, possessing reasonable economic parameters for utilization at the lower-intensity wind sites. Moreover, the linear wind powered electric generator is based on a track based wind power generator, incorporating aerodynamic designs, which are adapted to reduce mechanical complexities presently encountered in this technology, while being cost-effective both in construction and in connection with the operation thereof.
B63H 1/06 - Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially at right angles to propulsive direction, e.g. paddle wheels with adjustable vanes or blades
B63H 5/125 - Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers movably mounted with respect to hull, e.g. adjustable in direction
B64C 11/12 - Blade mountings for non-adjustable blades flexible
patents
