Abstract

The invention relates to a weft insertion device (14) for inserting a weft yarn (15) into a shed (13) or a reed channel (16) of a weaving machine (10). The weft insertion device (14) is designed to convey a plurality of different weft yarns (15) out of one yarn store (18) each and to insert same into the shed (13) or the reed channel (16) from a weft channel (27) of a weft insertion tube (26) by means of compressed air. The different weft yarns (15) each have a yarn supply tube (39) with a yarn supply channel (40), each yarn supply channel (40) leading into the weft channel (27) at a supply opening (41). The same weft channel (27) is therefore provided for all of the weft yarns (15) to be inserted. By means of compressed air which is introduced into the weft channel and can be designated primary air (P), an end portion (42) of the weft yarn (15) located within the air flow of the primary air (P) can be conveyed out of the weft channel (27) and inserted into the shed or the reed channel (16). The weft channel (27) which is provided for all of the different weft yarns (15) can be optimally aligned in the weft direction (S) with the reed channel (16) or the shed (13).

IPC Classes  ?

• D03D 47/30 - Looms in which bulk supply of weft does not pass through shed, e.g. shuttleless looms, gripper shuttle looms, dummy shuttle looms wherein the weft itself is projected into the shed by gas jet
• D03D 47/28 - Looms in which bulk supply of weft does not pass through shed, e.g. shuttleless looms, gripper shuttle looms, dummy shuttle looms wherein the weft itself is projected into the shed
• D03D 47/38 - Weft pattern mechanisms

Abstract

The invention relates to a contacting unit (11) for producing an electrically contactable covered yarn (10) and to a method for producing the covered yarn (10). The covered yarn (10) has a core (12) and at least one electrically conductive covering thread (14) that has been wound or is being wound around the core. The core may consist of one or more electrically non-conductive core filaments (13). The contacting unit (11) has a carrier part (18) which is made of an electrically non-conductive material and which is designed to be attached, preferably exclusively frictionally and/or interlockingly, to at least the core of the covered yarn. The carrier part (18) is wound by at least one electrically conductive covering thread with a defined number of turns. At least one electrically conductive contact part (20) is provided on the carrier part or can be attached thereto. The at least one contact part is designed to be electrically connected to an associated covering thread (14), either by means of a galvanic connection or inductive coupling. The at least one contact part can be or comprise a contact surface (22).

IPC Classes  ?

• D02G 3/44 - Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed

Abstract

The invention relates to a radiative cooling structure having at least one radiative functional layer on a textile carrier substrate. The radiative cooling structure is characterised in that a radiative functional layer (A), made of a plastic matrix based on a crosslinked silicone rubber, is formed on the textile carrier substrate, wherein aluminium particles are embedded in the radiative functional layer (A) and a radiative functional layer (B), made of a plastic matrix which is also based on a crosslinked silicone rubber, is located on the radiative functional layer (A), wherein white pigments are embedded in the radiative functional layer (B). The textile carrier substrate is preferably a flat textile. The radiative cooling structure provides excellent reflectance and emission values and thus advantageous cooling capacities, this being independent of the substrate. The invention also relates to an advantageous method for producing the radiative cooling structure and to a use of the radiative cooling structure outdoors.

IPC Classes  ?

• D06N 3/00 - Artificial leather, oilcloth, or like material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
• D06N 3/12 - Artificial leather, oilcloth, or like material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• D06N 3/10 - Artificial leather, oilcloth, or like material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds with styrene-butadiene copolymerisation products
• C08G 77/12 - Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to hydrogen
• C08G 77/20 - Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to unsaturated aliphatic groups

Abstract

2222 can then be carried out in order to supply the CO2 to a useful application, in particular in order to produce chemicals and promote the growth of plants in greenhouses.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/26 - Synthetic macromolecular compounds
• B01D 53/047 - Pressure swing adsorption
• B01D 53/62 - Carbon oxides
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
• B01J 20/30 - Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating
• B01J 20/32 - Impregnating or coating

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) and a method for automatically detecting knitting parameters in textile knitwear (3) and to a textile machine (13) comprising such a device (1). The device (1) comprises a capturing module (2) for capturing a digital image of kntwear (3). The device (1) comprises a storage module (7) for storing the digital image and a processing module (8) for pre-processing the digital image. The device (1) additionally comprises an analysis module (9) for determining fixing points of a knitwear structure in the digital image, determining distances between the fixing points, and determining at least one knitwear parameter of the knitwear (3) from the distances between the fixing points.

IPC Classes  ?

• D04B 37/00 - Auxiliary apparatus or devices for use with knitting machines
• G01N 21/898 - Irregularities in textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. textiles, wood

Abstract

The invention relates to ZrO2-reinforced mullite fibers having a content of at least 0.1 wt. % of crystalline ZrO2, said mullite fibers being distinguished by significantly improved mechanical properties compared to unmodified mullite fibers. The invention further relates to processes for manufacturing such fibers, green fibers produced as an intermediate product in the process, and the use of the ZrO2-reinforced mullite fibers in fibre-matrix composite materials.

IPC Classes  ?

• C04B 35/185 - Mullite
• C04B 35/622 - Forming processesProcessing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
• C04B 35/64 - Burning or sintering processes
• C04B 35/634 - Polymers
• C04B 35/638 - Removal thereof
• D01F 9/08 - Man-made filaments or the like of other substancesManufacture thereofApparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
• D01F 1/10 - Other agents for modifying properties

Goods & Services

Chemical fibres not for textile use; Fibres and threads of regenerated fibres, not for textile purposes, in particular cellulose regenerated fibres from IL technology (ionic liquids - technology); Chemical fibres, Other than for textile use, Especially Chemical fibres for use as precursors of carbon fibres, in particular cellulose regenerated fibres from IL technology (ionic liquids - technology). Textile fibres and fibre composite materials for textile use, The aforesaid goods in particular being based on cellulose regenerated fibres, in particular from IL [ionic liquid] technology; Fibres for technical purposes, in particular Cellulose regenerated fibres from IL [ionic liquid] technology; Reinforcement fibres for fibre composites, in particular cellulose regenerated fibres from IL [ionic liquid] technology); Cellulose regenerated fibres, in particular from IL [ionic liquid] technology, being reinforcement fibres in composite materials. Yarns and threads, in particular for textile use; Yarns and threads of cellulose regenerated fibres from IL technology (ionic liquids - technology), in particular for textile use; Yarns for domestic use and thread for domestic use; Yarn of synthetic or mixed fibres for use in textiles, in particular Cellulose regenerated fibres from IL technology (ionic liquids - technology); Cellulose fibres, in particular cellulose regenerated fibres from IL technology (ionic liquids - technology). Scientific and technological services and research and design relating thereto, in relation to the manufacture of fibres, fibre composites, polymers and textiles and in relation to the textiles industry; Research, development and technical testing in the textile sector, namely in the fields of textile engineering, textile chemistry, textile refining, analysis and development of textile materials and products, textile innovations, textile ecology, environmental analysis, sustainability and product quality, and in relation to fibres and fibre composite materials; Quality control in the field of clothing and textiles; Industrial analysis and research services; Research in the field of fibres, fibre composites and textile and process technology; Development of industrial processes for manufacturing yarns and threads, for textile use; Technical consultancy in the fields of textile physics, textile chemistry and material testing; Technical consultancy in the field of fibre development and manufacture, and for developing and manufacturing textiles and fibre composite materials; Conducting of textile physics and textile chemistry tests on fibres, yarns, ply yarn, fabrics, knitted goods, non-woven fabrics and textiles, including fibre testing, testing for environmental influences, colour fastness, colour measurement, whiteness measurement, UV protection, flammability, trace analysis; Textile testing; Dye analysis; Environmental assessment services; Research in the fields of environmental protection and sustainability in relation to the textile industry; Technical consultancy in the fields of environmental protection and sustainability in relation to the textile industry; Providing of technical/scientific expertise and development of test methods in the aforesaid fields.

Abstract

A piezoresistive force sensor which is designed in particular as a pressure sensor and can generate a sensor signal which is dependent on an amount of a force which acts on the force sensor in a force measuring direction. The force sensor has a first electrode, a second electrode and an elastically deformable resistance layer which electrically connects the two electrodes. A resistance value of a total resistance of an electrically conductive path between the first electrode to the second electrode via the resistance layer changes according to the amount of the acting force. By measuring a voltage between the electrodes or a current which flows along the electrically conductive path, for example, a sensor signal can be detected which describes the amount of the acting force. The resistance layer contains electrically conductive first staple fibers and electrically non-conductive second staple fibers. A proportion of the first staple fibers relative to the total quantity of staple fibers can be varied in order to adapt the force-resistance characteristic of the force sensor to the particular task.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01L 1/18 - Measuring force or stress, in general using properties of piezo-resistive materials, i.e. materials of which the ohmic resistance varies according to changes in magnitude or direction of force applied to the material
• G01L 1/20 - Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluidsMeasuring force or stress, in general by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress

Abstract

A nozzle device for producing a random-laid fiber product including a melt nozzle having an arrangement of a plurality of melt channels. The nozzle device including a gas channel having an opening which is associated with a plurality of melt channels of the arrangement, wherein the gas channel is designed to produce a gas emission which the melt emitted from the melt channels collects. The melt nozzle including an arrangement of capillary tubes in order to form the melt channels. A method for producing a nozzle device including providing of a nozzle body having one or more receiving channels and the arranging and fastening of capillary tubes in the one or more receiving channels.

IPC Classes  ?

• D01D 4/02 - Spinnerettes
• D04H 1/56 - Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres
• B29C 48/05 - Filamentary, e.g. strands
• B29C 48/345 - Extrusion nozzles comprising two or more adjacently arranged ports, for simultaneously extruding multiple strands, e.g. for pelletising
• B29C 48/355 - Conveyors for extruded articles
• B29C 48/14 - Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired formApparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration
• B29C 48/30 - Extrusion nozzles or dies
• B29C 48/25 - Component parts, details or accessoriesAuxiliary operations
• B29C 48/32 - Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
• B23P 15/16 - Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass plates with holes of very small diameter e.g. for spinning or burner nozzles

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a sensor which is produced by stitching it onto a carrier using threads. The stitching forms a first electrode, a second electrode and a covering layer. The covering layer can be used to produce an electrically conductive connection between the first electrode and the second electrode, at least if a force acts on the covering layer and presses at least one part of the covering layer against a part of the first electrode and of the second electrode. This force can be caused by a pressure locally exerted on the covering layer and/or by bending of the covering layer or of the carrier. The entire sensor and, in particular, the first electrode, the second electrode and the covering layer are produced solely by being stitched onto a common carrier. The sensor can be produced in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner and is robust.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01L 1/18 - Measuring force or stress, in general using properties of piezo-resistive materials, i.e. materials of which the ohmic resistance varies according to changes in magnitude or direction of force applied to the material
• D02G 3/44 - Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device (15) for fastening a functional element (16) to a carrier (17), for example a textile carrier (17). The functional element (16) is bendable transversely to its extension direction and can be provided as an endless material from a stock (18). In one or more portions (41) to be fastened, the functional element is attached to the carrier (17) by stitching during a stitching phase (SP). To this end, the functional element (16) is guided to a stitching head (20) by means of a guide part (29) and is deposited on the carrier (17) in a desired position in front of a stitching needle (25) in the stitching direction. During a loop-forming phase (LP), a relative movement takes place between the stitching head (20) and the carrier (17), but without the functional element (16) being fastened to the carrier (17) by stitching. By means of a holding part (35), for example a holding pin (36), the functional element (16) is guided in a loop (44) about the holding part (35). This can be followed by a further stitching phase (SP). The exposed loop (44), not fastened by stitching, adopts a position which does not impede further stitching and simplifies the further production process.

IPC Classes  ?

• D05B 35/06 - Work-feeding or work-handling elements for sewing machines, not otherwise provided for for attaching bands, ribbons, strips, or tapes or for binding
• D05B 53/00 - Thread- or cord-laying mechanisms for sewing machinesThread fingers for sewing machines
• D05C 7/08 - Special-purpose or automatic embroidering machines for attaching cords, tapes, bands, or the like

Abstract

The invention relates to a prestressed concrete body, containing prestressed filament yarns based on cellulose and/or cellulose derivatives. Advantageously, said prestressed concrete body is produced in that: 1.) filament yarns based on cellulose and/or derivatives thereof are clamped into a shaping container, 2.) the clamped filament yarns are wetted with water to make them swell, 3.) a prestress of approximately 0.5 to 10.0 kg/4000 dtex is applied to the wetted filament yarns, 4.) liquid concrete is poured into the shaping container containing the prestressed filament yarns, 5.) the liquid concrete in the shaping container is cured to form precast concrete, maintaining the specified applied prestress. Useful application possibilities are opened up by the invention. Use as components or structural elements with low brittleness and/or high resistance to corrosion, especially in bridge building, especially in bridge girders, in constructing containers, in constructing high-rise structures, in the production of hollow floors or ceilings, hollow core planks, precast floors or ceilings and for recycling once the service life has passed by being ground into concrete granules is advantageous.

IPC Classes  ?

• E04C 5/07 - Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal
• E04C 5/08 - Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions

Abstract

2222-reinforced mullitefibers in fiber-matrix composite materials.

IPC Classes  ?

• C04B 35/622 - Forming processesProcessing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
• C04B 35/626 - Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches
• D01F 9/08 - Man-made filaments or the like of other substancesManufacture thereofApparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material

Abstract

The invention relates to continuous fibres based on cellulose and/or cellulose derivatives, in particular for the production of flame-resistant textiles or carbon fibres. The cellulose and/or cellulose derivatives are present in the continuous fibres in a dehydrated form. The oxygen content is 29 to 39 wt.%, the limiting oxygen index LOI is 25 to 40 (according to DIN EN ISO 6941; 2004-05), and the density is 1.3 to 1.45 g/cm3 (according to DIN 65569-1; 1992-10). The continuous fibres can be advantageously produced in that the starting fibres are impregnated with an, in particular, aqueous solution of a special salt, which releases a dehydrating acid under thermal conditions, which brings about the dehydration of cellulose and/or cellulose derivatives in a subsequent thermal stage. In particular, advantageous carbon fibres can be produced with the continuous fibres according to the invention.

IPC Classes  ?

• D06M 13/46 - Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms
• D06M 13/256 - Sulfonated compounds
• D06M 11/13 - Ammonium halides or halides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
• D01F 9/16 - Carbon filamentsApparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from products of vegetable origin or derivatives thereof, e.g. from cellulose acetat

Abstract

The invention relates to a piezoresistive force sensor (15) which is designed in particular as a pressure sensor and can generate a sensor signal which is dependent on an amount of a force (F) which acts on the force sensor (15) in a force measuring direction (M). The force sensor (15) has a first electrode (20), a second electrode (21) and an elastically deformable resistance layer (17) which electrically connects the two electrodes (20, 21). A resistance value (R) of a total resistance (35) of an electrically conductive path between the first electrode (20) to the second electrode (21) via the resistance layer (17) changes according to the amount of the acting force (F). By measuring a voltage (U) between the electrodes (20, 21) or a current which flows along the electrically conductive path, for example, a sensor signal can be detected which describes the amount of the acting force (F). The resistance layer (17) contains electrically conductive first staple fibers (25) and electrically non-conductive second staple fibers (26). A proportion (A) of the first staple fibers (25) relative to the total quantity of staple fibers (25, 26) can be varied in order to adapt the force-resistance characteristic of the force sensor (15) to the particular task.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 3/045 - Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means using resistive elements, e.g. a single continuous surface or two parallel surfaces put in contact
• G01L 1/18 - Measuring force or stress, in general using properties of piezo-resistive materials, i.e. materials of which the ohmic resistance varies according to changes in magnitude or direction of force applied to the material
• G01L 1/20 - Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluidsMeasuring force or stress, in general by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress

Goods & Services

Chemical fibres not for textile use; Fibres and threads of regenerated fibres, not for textile purposes, in particular cellulose regenerated fibres from IL technology (ionic liquids - technology); Chemical fibres, Other than for textile use, Especially Chemical fibres for use as precursors of carbon fibres, in particular cellulose regenerated fibres from IL technology (ionic liquids - technology). Yarns and threads, in particular for textile use; Yarns and threads of cellulose regenerated fibres from IL technology (ionic liquids - technology), in particular for textile use; Yarns for domestic use and thread for domestic use; Yarn of synthetic or mixed fibres for use in textiles, in particular Cellulose regenerated fibres from IL technology (ionic liquids - technology); Cellulose fibres, in particular cellulose regenerated fibres from IL technology (ionic liquids - technology). Scientific and technological services and research and design relating thereto, in relation to the manufacture of fibres, fibre composites, polymers and textiles and in relation to the textiles industry; Research, development and technical testing in the textile sector, namely in the fields of textile engineering, textile chemistry, textile refining, analysis and development of textile materials and products, textile innovations, textile ecology, environmental analysis, sustainability and product quality, and in relation to fibres and fibre composite materials; Quality control in the field of clothing and textiles; Industrial analysis and research services; Research in the field of fibres, fibre composites and textile and process technology; Development of industrial processes for manufacturing yarns and threads, for textile use; Technical consultancy in the fields of textile physics, textile chemistry and material testing; Technical consultancy in the field of fibre development and manufacture, and for developing and manufacturing textiles and fibre composite materials; Conducting of textile physics and textile chemistry tests on fibres, yarns, ply yarn, fabrics, knitted goods, non-woven fabrics and textiles, including fibre testing, testing for environmental influences, colour fastness, colour measurement, whiteness measurement, UV protection, flammability, trace analysis; Textile testing; Dye analysis; Environmental assessment services; Research in the fields of environmental protection and sustainability in relation to the textile industry; Technical consultancy in the fields of environmental protection and sustainability in relation to the textile industry; Providing of technical/scientific expertise and development of test methods in the aforesaid fields.

Abstract

A nozzle device (14) according to the invention for producing a random-laid fiber product (34) comprises a melt nozzle (15) having an arrangement (38, 39, 40) of a plurality of melt channels (22). The nozzle device (14) comprises a gas channel (17, 18) having an opening (31, 32) which is associated with a plurality of melt channels (22) of the arrangement (38, 39, 40), wherein the gas channel (17, 18) is designed to produce a gas emission which the melt emitted from the melt channels (22) collects. According to the invention, the melt nozzle (15) comprises an arrangement of capillary tubes (36) in order to form the melt channels (22). A method (100) according to the invention for producing a nozzle device (14) comprises the providing (101) of a nozzle body (15) having one or more receiving channels (35) and the arranging (102) and fastening (103) of capillary tubes (36) in the one or more receiving channels (35).

IPC Classes  ?

• B23P 15/16 - Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass plates with holes of very small diameter e.g. for spinning or burner nozzles
• B29C 48/05 - Filamentary, e.g. strands
• B29C 48/14 - Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired formApparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration
• B29C 48/25 - Component parts, details or accessoriesAuxiliary operations
• B29C 48/30 - Extrusion nozzles or dies
• B29C 48/345 - Extrusion nozzles comprising two or more adjacently arranged ports, for simultaneously extruding multiple strands, e.g. for pelletising
• D01D 4/02 - Spinnerettes

Abstract

A nozzle device (14) according to the invention for producing a random-laid fiber product (34) comprises a melt nozzle (15) having an arrangement (38, 39, 40) of a plurality of melt channels (22). The nozzle device (14) comprises a gas channel (17, 18) having an opening (31, 32) which is associated with a plurality of melt channels (22) of the arrangement (38, 39, 40), wherein the gas channel (17, 18) is designed to produce a gas emission which the melt emitted from the melt channels (22) collects. According to the invention, the melt nozzle (15) comprises an arrangement of capillary tubes (36) in order to form the melt channels (22). A method (100) according to the invention for producing a nozzle device (14) comprises the providing (101) of a nozzle body (15) having one or more receiving channels (35) and the arranging (102) and fastening (103) of capillary tubes (36) in the one or more receiving channels (35).

IPC Classes  ?

• B29C 48/30 - Extrusion nozzles or dies
• B29C 48/345 - Extrusion nozzles comprising two or more adjacently arranged ports, for simultaneously extruding multiple strands, e.g. for pelletising
• D01D 4/02 - Spinnerettes
• B23P 15/16 - Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass plates with holes of very small diameter e.g. for spinning or burner nozzles
• B29C 48/05 - Filamentary, e.g. strands
• B29C 48/25 - Component parts, details or accessoriesAuxiliary operations
• B29C 48/14 - Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired formApparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-repairing fibre-reinforced composite material comprising hollow glass fibres embedded in a matrix. Said material is characterised in that the hollow glass fibres are closed continuously and at the ends thereof, wherein hollow glass fibres (A) contain one or more polyisocyanates and hollow glass fibres (B) contain one or more polyols, and the polyisocyanates and the polyols, when cracks form within the matrix due to rupture of the hollow glass fibres, run out of said fibres and react with one another so as to form polyurethane, and fill the cracks, wherein the polyols, optionally diluted, have a viscosity of at least 0.01 Pas (in accordance with DIN EN ISO 3219) at 20°C. This self-repairing fibre-reinforced composite material can be advantageously used in the field of vehicles, aviation and space travel, shipbuilding, architecture, energy generation by wind power, or sports equipment. The particular advantage is that a very low amount of the self-repairing system can be used. The original mechanical properties are generally completely maintained.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08J 5/04 - Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
• C08G 18/32 - Polyhydroxy compoundsPolyaminesHydroxy amines
• C08G 18/73 - Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates acyclic
• B29C 73/22 - Auto-repairing or self-sealing arrangements or agents the article containing elements including a sealing composition, e.g. powder being liberated when the article is damaged

Abstract

The invention relates to a sensor (15) which is produced by stitching it onto a carrier (16) using threads (17, 19, 33). The stitching forms a first electrode (18), a second electrode (20) and a covering layer (32). The covering layer (32) can be used to produce an electrically conductive connection between the first electrode (18) and the second electrode (20), at least if a force (F) acts on the covering layer (32) and presses at least one part of the covering layer (32) against a part of the first electrode (18) and of the second electrode (20). This force (F) can be caused by a pressure locally exerted on the covering layer (32) and/or by bending of the covering layer (32) or of the carrier (16). The entire sensor (15) and, in particular, the first electrode (18), the second electrode (20) and the covering layer (32) are produced solely by being stitched onto a common carrier (16). The sensor can be produced in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner and is robust.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01L 1/20 - Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluidsMeasuring force or stress, in general by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
• D03D 1/00 - Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles

Abstract

A description is given of a composite material with a matrix on the basis of an organic plastic containing solid fillers. This composite material is distinguished by the fact that the filler is a dried fermentation residue from the fermentation of vegetable substrates. This composite material opens up beneficial uses, such as in the construction of furniture and exhibition stands and for decorative articles and products relating to gardening and landscaping. The invention therefore avoids the discarding of fermentation residues from the fermentation of vegetable substrates. Instead, they are advantageously used in composite materials. This is therefore a very useful way of making use of such materials, it having been found that the physical properties of the composite materials provided with a dried fermentation residue are sufficient for the respectively intended applications.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08L 1/08 - Cellulose derivatives
• C08L 1/12 - Cellulose acetate
• C08L 63/00 - Compositions of epoxy resinsCompositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
• C08L 67/04 - Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
• C08L 67/06 - Unsaturated polyesters
• C08H 8/00 - Macromolecular compounds derived from lignocellulosic materials

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for evaluating an infrared signature (25) present on an object surface (26), which signature preferably forms a two-dimensional code. Furthermore, a monochrome or multicolour pattern, which reflects light in the visible wavelength range, can be present on the object surface (26). The infrared signature (25) only absorbs light in the infrared range and can consequently be detected by means of an IR camera. In the method, an infrared light source (17) is switched on and the infrared signature (25) is illuminated with infrared light (L) and an original image (31) is recorded with an infrared camera (16) in this state. The original image (31) or a further-processed image based thereon is then filtered by a high-pass filter, the contrast in the image being increased indirectly or directly after the high-pass filtering. The infrared signature (25) can finally be evaluated in the image processed in this way.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06K 9/20 - Image acquisition
• G06K 9/74 - Arrangements for recognition using optical reference masks
• G06K 19/06 - Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code

Abstract

The invention relates to a prestressed concrete body, containing prestressed filament yarns based on cellulose and/or cellulose derivatives. Advantageously, said prestressed concrete body is produced as follows: 1.) filament yarns based on cellulose and/or derivatives thereof are clamped into a shaping container, 2.) the clamped filament yarns are wetted with water to make them swell, 3.) a prestress of approximately 0.5 to 10.0 kg/4000 dtex is applied to the wetted filament yarns, 4.) liquid concrete is poured into the shaping container containing the prestressed filament yarns, 5.) the liquid concrete in the shaping container is cured to form precast concrete, maintaining the specified applied prestress. Useful application possibilities are opened up by the invention. Concrete bodies of this type can advantageously be used as components or structural elements with low brittleness and/or high resistance to corrosion, in particular in bridge building, in particular in bridge girders, in constructing containers, in constructing high-rise structures, in the production of hollow floors or ceilings, hollow core planks, precast floors or ceilings and for recycling once the service life has passed by being ground into concrete granules.

IPC Classes  ?

• E04C 5/07 - Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal
• E04C 5/08 - Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions

Abstract

The invention relates to a marking composition, by means of which better protection of goods than hitherto available can be achieved independently of the coloring of the goods. The marking composition comprises an infrared-absorbing particulate component and carbon derivative, wherein the weight ratio of infrared-absorbing component to carbon derivative is in the range of approx. 10:1 to approx. 10,000:1.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09D 11/50 - Sympathetic, colour-changing or similar inks
• B42D 25/00 - Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security featuresManufacture thereof
• B41M 3/14 - Security printing
• D06H 1/02 - Marking by printing or analogous processes
• D06Q 1/04 - Decorating textiles by metallising
• D06P 1/00 - General processes of dyeing or printing textiles or general processes of dyeing leather, furs or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments or auxiliary substances employed
• B42D 25/405 - Marking
• B42D 25/30 - Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
• B42D 25/29 - Securities Bank notes
• B42D 25/23 - Identity cards
• B42D 25/382 - Special inks absorbing or reflecting infrared light
• C09D 11/037 - Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder characterised by the pigment
• G07D 7/12 - Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation
• C09D 11/102 - Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions other than those only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
• D06M 11/44 - Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic TableZincatesCadmates
• D06M 11/49 - Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 8, 9,10 or 18 of the Periodic TableFerratesCobaltatesNickelatesRuthenatesOsmatesRhodatesIridatesPalladatesPlatinates
• D06M 11/83 - Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereofSuch treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metalsTreating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereofSuch treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonylsReduction of metal compounds on textiles
• D06M 11/74 - Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereofSuch treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphiteTreating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereofSuch treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbidesTreating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereofSuch treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with graphitic acids or their salts
• D06P 5/30 - Ink jet printing
• D06P 1/44 - General processes of dyeing or printing textiles or general processes of dyeing leather, furs or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
• D06M 11/47 - Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic TableVanadatesNiobatesTantalatesArsenatesAntimonatesBismuthates
• D06H 1/00 - Marking textile materialsMarking in combination with metering or inspecting
• C09D 5/32 - Radiation-absorbing paints
• G06K 19/06 - Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for determining the behaviour of fibre-reinforced plastics shown during production of same. Conclusions can be drawn from the determination outcome as to the behaviour of the fibre-reinforced plastics during the production thereof in a pultrusion process. In embodiments of the method (100) according to the invention, the method (100) comprises applying a fibre/plastic preform (26) to a rotation mandrel (24) and inserting (102) the mandrel into a heated test mould (25) (step 101). The mould (25) and mandrel (26) are rotated relative to one another (step 102) and at least one value is acquired for the drive torque and/or the support torque (step 103). A parameter of a production process in a pultrusion production line (10) can be determined by means of the at least one value.

IPC Classes  ?

• B29C 70/52 - Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
• G01L 3/00 - Measuring torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency, in general
• B29C 70/54 - Component parts, details or accessoriesAuxiliary operations

Abstract

The invention relates to a method of producing a carbon-ceramic shaped body comprising a carbon fibre-reinforced carbon matrix and a content of silicon carbide and silicon, which is characterized in that a carbonizable shaped body having an organic matrix based on cellulose and reinforced with carbonized textile structures has been carbonized to form a porous shaped body and the porous carbonized shaped body is then subjected to a liquid silicization to give the carbon-ceramic shaped body. This process is performable in an economically advantageous manner without losing the beneficial properties achievable according to the prior art.

IPC Classes  ?

• C04B 35/636 - Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
• C04B 35/83 - Carbon fibres in a carbon matrix

Abstract

A composite structure for stab protection includes layers of flat structures placed on top of each other, and an embedding material, wherein, in at least some of the layers placed on top of each other, the flat structures of adjacent layers are offset relative to one another, the flat structures of the composite structure are at least partially embedded in the embedding material, and the composite structure includes separated connecting elements, wherein before they are separated, the separated connecting elements have connected at least some of the flat structures of adjacent layers with one another.

IPC Classes  ?

• A41D 31/24 - Resistant to mechanical stress, e.g. pierce-proof
• A41D 19/015 - Protective gloves
• B32B 3/22 - Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shapeLayered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. apertured or formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material of spaced pieces
• B32B 3/30 - Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shapeLayered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layerLayered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shapeLayered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. grooved, ribbed
• B32B 25/04 - Layered products essentially comprising natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
• F41H 5/04 - Plate construction composed of more than one layer
• F41H 1/02 - Armoured or projectile- or missile-resistant garmentsComposite protection fabrics
• B29C 64/188 - Processes of additive manufacturing involving additional operations performed on the added layers, e.g. smoothing, grinding or thickness control
• B29C 41/20 - Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped articleApparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. moulding around inserts or for coating articles
• B29C 70/68 - Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers
• B29C 70/70 - Completely encapsulating inserts
• A41D 19/00 - Gloves
• B32B 3/26 - Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shapeLayered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layerLayered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shapeLayered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids
• B32B 25/14 - Layered products essentially comprising natural or synthetic rubber comprising copolymers in which synthetic rubber constituents predominate
• B33Y 80/00 - Products made by additive manufacturing
• B33Y 10/00 - Processes of additive manufacturing
• B29C 71/00 - After-treatment of articles without altering their shapeApparatus therefor
• B29C 41/22 - Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
• B29C 69/00 - Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups , e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniquesApparatus therefor
• B29C 64/10 - Processes of additive manufacturing
• B29K 703/00 - Use of resin-bonded materials for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
• B29K 709/02 - Ceramics
• B29L 9/00 - Layered products
• B29D 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
• B29K 221/00 - Use of unspecified rubbers as reinforcement
• B29K 701/00 - Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
• B29K 709/00 - Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups , for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
• B29L 31/00 - Other particular articles
• B29K 705/00 - Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts

Abstract

The invention relates to modified lignin based on substituted and/or unsubstituted lignin, the lignin molecules of the substituted and unsubstituted lignin (A) being linked by means of linking units (B) in order to increase the molecular weight. Said modified lignin is characterized in that the linking units (B) are aromatic and are bonded to the lignin molecules (A) by means of a methylene group. The invention further relates to a method for producing a modified lignin of this type, wherein the lignin (A) is dissolved in a solvent and is reacted in the solution with an aromatic linking compound (C), which has at least two hydroxymethyl groups, in particular two terminal hydroxymethyl groups, in the presence of an organic acid (D) at elevated temperature to form modified lignin. The invention further relates to the use of the modified lignin to produce precursor fibers, which can be converted into carbon fibers by carbonization.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08H 7/00 - LigninModified ligninHigh-molecular-weight products derived therefrom
• C07G 1/00 - Low-molecular-weight derivatives of lignin

Abstract

The invention relates to a knitted product (21) and to a method for producing the same. The knitted product (21) is integrally produced on a knitting machine (10) by knitting a plurality of knitted layers (19). At least one first knitted layer (19a) and a second knitted layer (19b) are present in a functional section. Optionally, an intermediate knitted layer (19c) arranged therebetween can be provided. In the layers of the functional section (29), two electrode regions (30, 31) that are electrically separated from one another, and a coupling region (32) that electrically couples the two electrode regions (30. 31) are formed. The electrode regions (30, 31) are produced by using an electrically conductive thread (38) during the knitting of the respective region. The coupling region is designed to alter an electrical coupling between the two electrode regions (30, 31) depending on an external action.

IPC Classes  ?

• D04B 1/12 - Patterned fabrics or articles characterised by thread material

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for the production of polymer fibers from polymers dissolved in ionic liquids by means of an air gap spinning process, characterized in that a) a spinning solution that contains an ionic liquid and a dissolved polymer is produced; b) said spinning solution is guided through an extruder before it is divided into fibers via a die; and c) the obtained fibers are guided via an air gap through a coagulation bath.

IPC Classes  ?

• D01D 5/06 - Wet spinning methods
• D01F 2/02 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof from solutions of cellulose in acids, bases, or salts
• D01F 2/00 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a bone replacement material body (20) and a method for producing same. The bone replacement material body (20) consists of a skeleton in which an interconnecting pore system (22) having a plurality of channel sections (25) fluidically connected to each other is provided or formed. The skeleton consists of replacement material (E). The replacement material (E) has a matrix of a synthetic resorbable polymer (P). The replacement material (E) can also contain an inorganic filler (F) arranged in a distributed manner in the polymer matrix. The pore system (22) is formed in particular such that in a produced moulded body (36), which constitutes an intermediate product, a core material (K) is contained in each channel section (25), which core material is released from the moulded body (36), in particular by means of a solvent (L).

IPC Classes  ?

• A61L 27/16 - Macromolecular materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• A61L 27/44 - Composite materials, i.e. layered or containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix
• A61L 27/46 - Composite materials, i.e. layered or containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix with phosphorus-containing inorganic fillers
• A61L 27/56 - Porous or cellular materials
• A61L 27/58 - Materials at least partially resorbable by the body

Abstract

The invention relates to a stabbing-proof composite structure (100), in particular for protective garments, comprising layers (102; 104; 106) of flat elements (110) that are placed on top of each other, and an embedding material (120); the flat elements (110) from different layers are offset relative to one another, and the flat elements (110) of the composite structure (100) are embedded at least in part in the embedding material (120). The invention further relates to the manufacturing of a composite structure, a stabbing-proof insert, a protective garment, and the use of a composite structure as a stabbing-proof insert or for manufacturing a protective garment.

IPC Classes  ?

• A41D 19/00 - Gloves
• A41D 19/015 - Protective gloves
• A41D 31/00 - Materials specially adapted for outerwear
• A41D 31/24 - Resistant to mechanical stress, e.g. pierce-proof
• F41H 1/02 - Armoured or projectile- or missile-resistant garmentsComposite protection fabrics
• F41H 5/00 - ArmourArmour platesShields

Abstract

The invention relates to a stabbing-proof composite structure (100), in particular for protective garments, comprising layers (102; 104; 106) of flat elements (110) that are placed on top of each other, and an embedding material (120); the flat elements (110) from different layers are offset relative to one another, and the flat elements (110) of the composite structure (100) are embedded at least in part in the embedding material (120). The invention further relates to the manufacturing of a composite structure, a stabbing-proof insert, a protective garment, and the use of a composite structure as a stabbing-proof insert or for manufacturing a protective garment.

IPC Classes  ?

• A41D 31/00 - Materials specially adapted for outerwear
• A41D 19/00 - Gloves
• A41D 19/015 - Protective gloves
• F41H 5/04 - Plate construction composed of more than one layer

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of polymer fibers from polymers dissolved in ionic liquids by means of an air gap spinning process, characterized in that a) a spinning solution that contains an ionic liquid and a dissolved polymer is produced; b) said spinning solution is guided through an extruder before it is divided into fibers via a nozzle; and c) the obtained fibers are guided via an air gap through a coagulation bath.

IPC Classes  ?

• D01D 5/06 - Wet spinning methods
• D01F 2/00 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing carbon fibres from cellulose fibres, characterised in that cellulose fibres, which contain a sulfonic acid salt of formula (I), wherein R1 represents a hydrocarbon group and K+ represents a cation, are converted into carbon fibers.

IPC Classes  ?

• D01F 9/16 - Carbon filamentsApparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from products of vegetable origin or derivatives thereof, e.g. from cellulose acetat
• D01F 2/00 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof
• D06M 13/256 - Sulfonated compounds
• D06M 13/463 - Compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms derived from monoamines

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a melt-spinnable lignin-based composition. Said method is characterised in that a reaction mixture containing lignin and/or a lignin derivative in the form of an esterified or etherified lignin as reactive component A and a formaldehyde-releasing compound which is solid at room temperature (20°C) as reactive component B, is subjected to a reactive extrusion at an increased temperature, the reaction mixture being adjusted to a complex viscosity of below 1500 Pa.s, especially between 10 and 1300 Pa.s. The invention also relates to the use of the melt-spinnable lignin-based composition obtained by the method according to the invention, for producing precursor fibres of carbon fibres by melt extrusion at an increased temperature, especially in a temperature range of between 100 and 200°C, and subsequent thermostabilisation of the precursor fibres obtained, and to the use thereof for producing carbon fibres. Said methods are easy to carry out. Carbon fibres are obtained, which are characterised by advantageous values of tensile strength and elastic modulus.

IPC Classes  ?

• D01F 9/17 - Carbon filamentsApparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from products of vegetable origin or derivatives thereof, e.g. from cellulose acetat from lignin
• D01F 9/00 - Man-made filaments or the like of other substancesManufacture thereofApparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
• C08L 97/00 - Compositions of lignin-containing materials

Abstract

b) changes, which can be determined by means of an evaluating unit (17).

IPC Classes  ?

• D02G 3/44 - Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
• D02G 3/12 - Threads containing metallic filaments or strips
• D03D 15/00 - Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
• D04B 1/14 - Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
• D03D 1/00 - Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles
• D04B 1/12 - Patterned fabrics or articles characterised by thread material
• D02G 3/36 - Cored or coated yarns or threads

Goods & Services

Polymers for medical purposes; Fibres and fibre composite materials for medical purposes for the manufacture of surgical tissues, implants, artificial organs, prostheses and of medical applicators, materials for dressings and wound dressings; Synthetic and non-synthetic organic fibres, and inorganic fibres, in particular glass, ceramic and metal fibres, all of the aforesaid fibres for medical purposes, in particular for fibre-based materials for dressings, and for use with medical and surgical apparatus and instruments. Fibres for technical purposes, namely conductive fibres and optical fibres (light conducting filaments). Synthetic and non-synthetic organic fibres, and inorganic fibres, in particular glass, ceramic and metal fibres, all of the aforesaid fibres for medical purposes, namely for suture materials and for surgical implants. Partially processed polymer resins for manufacturing of fibres and fibre composites; Fibres for technical purposes, namely plastic fibres, ceramic fibres, carbon fibres, polyester fibres, acrylic fibres for insulation, aramids, glass fibres for insulation, natural fibres for insulation, cotton fibres, fibres of lignin and cellulose, none of the aforesaid fibres for textile use. Fibres for technical purposes, namely glass fibres, other than for insulation or textile use. Textile fibres and fibre composite materials for textile use; Fibers for textile use; Fibres for technical purposes, In particular glass fibres for textile use; Cotton fibers. In particular yarns and threads for textile use; Yarns for domestic use; Cotton yarn; Angora yarn; Chenille yarn; Elastic thread and yarn for textile use; Fiberglass thread for textile use; Fiberglass thread for textile use; Silica threads; Rubber thread for textile use; True hemp thread and yarn; Jute thread and yarn; Coir thread and yarn; Rayon thread and yarn; Threads of plastic materials for textile use; Yarns made of carbon fibres for textile use; Yarns made of polytetrafluoroethylene for textile use; Polyester pre-oriented yarns; Spun polyester fibre for textile use; Yarn of synthetic or mixed fibres for use in textiles; Semi-synthetic fiber thread and yarn [chemically treated natural fiber yarn], Synthetic threads; Chemical-fiber threads and yarns for textile use; Ceramic fibre yarns for textile use; Linen thread and yarn; Douppioni silk yarn; Eiderdown yarn; Textile filaments [threads]; Flocked fibers; Flocked yarns; Waste cotton yarn; Degreased waste threads and yarns; Regenerated fiber thread and yarn [for textile use]; Silk yarn; Wild silk yarn; Spun silk; Wool yarn; Worsted; Cashmere yarns; Hair yarn; Waxed thread; Waxed yarn; Paper yarn for textile use; Natural yarns; Embroidery thread and yarn; Darning thread and yarn; Spun thread and yarn; Sewing thread and yarn; Knitting yarns made of nylon; Knitting yarns made of wool; Knitting yarns made of acrylic materials. Treatment of fibres, fibre composites, textiles and fabrics; Textile refining, finishing and coating (textile treatment); Textile printing; Consultancy in the field of fibre production and relating to the manufacture of textiles and fibre composite materials. Providing of training and further training, instruction; Provision of training courses; Providing of training and instruction in relation to the manufacture of fibres, fibre composite materials, polymers and textiles, and in relation to the textile industry; Organisation, arranging and conducting of courses, seminars, workshops, symposiums, congresses and conferences in relation to the manufacture of fibres, fibre composite materials, polymers and textiles, and in relation to the textile industry; Consultancy services relating to the analysis of training requirements; Design and conception of training materials for distribution in technical lectures; Publication of printed matter, books, handbooks, magazines and brochures, publication via electronic media. Scientific and technological services and research and design relating thereto, in relation to the manufacture of fibres, fibre composites, polymers and textiles and in relation to the textiles industry; Research, development and technical testing in the textile sector, namely in the fields of textile engineering, textile chemistry, textile refining, analysis and development of textile materials and products, textile innovations, textile ecology, environmental analysis, sustainability and product quality, and in relation to fibres and fibre composite materials; Quality control in the field of clothing and textiles; Industrial analysis and research services; Research in the field of fibres, fibre composites and textile and process technology; Development of industrial processes for manufacturing yarns and threads, for textile use; Technical consultancy in the fields of textile physics, textile chemistry and material testing; Technical consultancy in the field of fibre development and manufacture, and for developing and manufacturing textiles and fibre composite materials; Conducting of textile physics and textile chemistry tests on fibres, yarns, ply yarn, fabrics, knitted goods, non-woven fabrics and textiles, including fibre testing, testing for environmental influences, colour fastness, colour measurement, whiteness measurement, UV protection, flammability, trace analysis; Textile testing; Dye analysis; Environmental assessment services; Research in the fields of environmental protection and sustainability in relation to the textile industry; Technical consultancy in the fields of environmental protection and sustainability in relation to the textile industry; Providing of technical/scientific expertise and development of test methods in the aforesaid fields.

Abstract

An arrangement (10) for generating a light effect (26) includes an obscuration sheet material (11) and a divergence sheet material (12) arranged in spaced apart relation to a rear side (23) of an effect sheet material (13). The obscuration sheet material (11) has at least one transmission region (17) and at least one shielding region (18). On the light entry side (15), which faces away from the effect sheet material (13), light (L) impinges on the obscuration sheet material (11) and is severely reduced or completely shielded in shielding region (18), while light (L) passes through the at least one transmission region (17). By means of the divergence sheet material (12), divergent light rays (LD) are produced at the corresponding transmission region (17), which divergent light rays impinge on the rear side (23) of the effect sheet material (13) and generate a light effect (26) for a viewer (25) looking at the viewing side (24).

IPC Classes  ?

• F21V 1/12 - Composite shades
• F21V 11/14 - Screens not covered by groups , , or using diaphragms containing one or more apertures with many small apertures
• F21V 11/18 - Screens not covered by groups , , or using sheets without apertures, e.g. fixed movable, e.g. flaps, slides
• F21W 121/00 - Use or application of lighting devices or systems for decorative purposes, not provided for in groups

Abstract

The invention relates to a flame-resistant polyamide as a reaction product of a lactam, in particular of ε-caprolactam and/or laurolactam, and optionally containing other components. In the main chain thereof, said frame-resistant polyamide contains, in addition to the polyamide structural units, phosphor-modified structural units and optionally aminopiperidine groups. The polyamide has a relative viscosity of at least 1.7, in particular at least 1.9 (measured according to DIN 51562). The polyamide is suitable for producing moulded bodies, in particular films, components and yarns, in particular monofilament or multifilament yarns and staple fibre yarns, preferably as part of an extrusion method. The invention also relates to a method which is particularly suitable for producing said flame-resistant polyamide. During the polycondensation of the respective lactam, phosphor-containing compounds are copolycondensed and heat-stabilised to obtain a frame-resistant polyamide.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 69/16 - Preparatory processes
• C08G 69/42 - Polyamides containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing molded bodies, in particular from fibers or films, on the basis of modified polyolefins and/or modified polyamides. The method is characterized in that 1.) thermoplastic molded bodies based on thermoplastic polyolefins, which are based on monomers with a double bond, or thermoplastic polyamides are used as the starting material, 2.) the polyolefins or polyamides of the molded body are crosslinked, and 3.) the crosslinked polyolefins or crosslinked polyamides are sulfurized with active elemental sulfur. The thus obtained modified molded bodies can be advantageously converted into molded carbon bodies by means of a carbonizing process and optionally a subsequent graphitizing process. The sulfurized modified molded bodies can be produced inexpensively and in an advantageous manner and are characterized in particular in that any molded body of compressed turbostratic carbon or graphite with very high carbon yields can be produced from a sulfurized thermoplastic polymer in a single high-temperature treatment.

IPC Classes  ?

• D01F 6/30 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof from copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds comprising olefins as the major constituent
• D06M 11/52 - Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereofSuch treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof with selenium, tellurium, polonium or their compoundsTreating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereofSuch treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof with sulfur, dithionites or compounds containing sulfur and halogens, with or without oxygenTreating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereofSuch treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof by sulfohalogenation with chlorosulfonic acidTreating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereofSuch treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof by sulfohalogenation with a mixture of sulfur dioxide and free halogens
• D01F 6/60 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyamides
• D01F 9/21 - Carbon filamentsApparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• D01F 9/28 - Carbon filamentsApparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyamides
• C08J 3/24 - Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
• D06M 101/20 - Polyalkenes, polymers or copolymers of compounds with alkenyl groups bonded to aromatic groups
• D06M 101/34 - Polyamides
• D06M 10/00 - Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents or magnetic fieldsPhysical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements

Abstract

A method for producing fibre-reinforced moulded bodies comprising an organic matrix based on thermoplastic cellulose esters is disclosed. In said method, reinforcement fibres together with fusible fibres, each in the form of continuous fibres based on cellulose esters, are converted into a textile fabric, the thermoplastic cellulose esters of the fusible fibres having a melt flow index MFI (according to DIN ISO 1133) of 1.0 to 30 g/min (245°C) and the fusible fibres having a linear density (according to DIN 53812) of 0.5 to 40.0 dtex, a tensile strength (dry) (according to DIN 53816) of 2 to 40 cN/tex and an elongation at break (dry) (according to DIN 53816) of 3 to 40. The textile fabric obtained is heated in order to fuse the fusible fibres and to form a fibre-reinforced moulded body. Also disclosed is a fibre-reinforced moulded body produced according to said method, wherein 1.) the thermoplastic cellulose ester has a melt flow index MFI (according to DIN ISO 1133) of 1 to 50 g/min (245°C) and 2.) the fibre-reinforced moulded body has a flexural modulus (according to DIN EN ISO 527) of 1,500 to 20,000 [MPa], a tensile strength (according to DIN ISO 527) of 150 to 600 [MPa] and/or a modulus of elasticity (according to DIN ISO 527) of 1,000 to 5,000 [MPa]. The moulded body can be advantageously used, in particular as a construction part, in the automotive industry. In addition, carbonised moulded bodies can be produced therefrom.

IPC Classes  ?

• B29D 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
• B29C 70/46 - Shaping or impregnating by compression for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
• B29C 70/20 - Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in a single direction, e.g. roving or other parallel fibres

Abstract

The invention relates to a surface area light (10), in particular for use in a piece of clothing (30). The surface area light (10) according to the invention has a cover layer (11) having a light emission area (12). A reflection layer (13) having a reflection area (14) is arranged on the side opposite the cover layer (11). A first scattering layer (15) made of a textile material, preferably a textile fabric, directly adjoins the cover layer (11). The textile fabric can be connected to the cover layer in a laminar manner or can be in contact thereto. Light sources (16) are arranged at a distance from each other in a longitudinal direction L in one or more rows. The light sources (16) have a light emission side (17) which faces the reflection layer (13). A spacer means (19) secures a minimum distance between the light sources (16) and the reflection layer (13). The light emitted from the light sources (16) is reflected on the reflection layer (13) to the cover layer (11). The optical path within the surface area light (10) can thus be enlarged without enlarging the thickness of the surface area light (10) at a right angle to the light emission area (12).

IPC Classes  ?

• F21V 33/00 - Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
• F21V 5/00 - Refractors for light sources
• F21V 7/00 - Reflectors for light sources

Abstract

The invention relates to a lighting means arrangement (28) and to a method for producing same. The lighting means arrangement (28) comprises at least one lighting means (20), for example a light-emitting diode chip (21) comprising at least one light emission surface (22). A cover body (24) is associated with one or more lighting means, covering at least one light emission surface (22) and being connected to the lighting means (20) in a bonded manner. A scattering element arrangement (37) is associated with each of the cover bodies (24). The scattering element arrangement (37) is connected to the cover body (24) in a bonded manner, for example, using adhesion or moulding. The scattering element arrangement (37) comprises at least one coherent textile material part (38), for example a woven and/or a knitted and/or a interlaced and/or a non-woven material. The at least one textile material part (38) is used to at least partially bend and/or refract and/or reflect and/or absorb the light coupled into the cover body (24). In this way, the light emission characteristic of the lighting means arrangement (28) can be influenced, and adjusted to the use of the lighting means arrangement (28).

IPC Classes  ?

• F21V 5/00 - Refractors for light sources
• F21V 3/04 - GlobesBowlsCover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings
• F21S 4/22 - Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources with light sources held by or within elongate supports flexible or deformable, e.g. into a curved shape
• F21K 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
• F21Y 103/00 - Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes
• F21Y 115/10 - Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Abstract

The invention relates to a textile product comprising support fibres and binding fibres, said support fibres comprising a polymer having a glass transition temperature ᡶ 70°C. The invention also relates to a method for producing a textile product, comprising the following steps: support and binding fibres are provided; said support and binding fibres are processed to form a textile product, said support fibres having a polymer glass transition temperature ᡶ 70 °C. The invention also relates to the used of a textile product for producing textile objects, preferably interior textiles, semi-technical textiles, technical textiles, home textiles, clothes and/or textiles for medical use.

IPC Classes  ?

• D04H 1/00 - Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
• B29D 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
• B29C 43/00 - Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding materialApparatus therefor
• B68G 7/02 - Making upholstery from waddings, fleeces, mats, or the like
• D04H 1/435 - Polyesters
• D04H 1/54 - Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
• D04H 1/541 - Composite fibres e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-sideMixed fibres

Abstract

The invention relates to a textile product comprising support fibres and binding fibres, said support fibres comprising a polymer blend having a glass transition temperature ᡶ 70°C. The invention also relates to a method for producing a textile product, comprising the following steps: support and binding fibres are provided; said support and binding fibres are processed to form a textile product, said support fibres having a polymer blend with a glass transition temperature ᡶ 70 °C. The invention also relates to the use of a textile product for producing textile objects, preferably interior textiles, semi-technical textiles, technical textiles, home textiles, clothes and/or textiles for medical use.

IPC Classes  ?

• D04H 1/00 - Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
• B29D 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
• B29C 43/00 - Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding materialApparatus therefor
• B68G 7/02 - Making upholstery from waddings, fleeces, mats, or the like
• D04H 1/435 - Polyesters
• D04H 1/54 - Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
• D04H 1/541 - Composite fibres e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-sideMixed fibres
• D01F 6/62 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing carbon fibres from cellulose fibres, characterised in that a) cellulose is reacted with a phosphorus compound in the presence of an ionic liquid to produce a phosphorus-containing cellulose (abbreviated to P-cellulose), b) the P-cellulose is transformed into a cellulose fibre and c) the cellulose fibres are converted to a carbon fibre.

IPC Classes  ?

• D01F 9/16 - Carbon filamentsApparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from products of vegetable origin or derivatives thereof, e.g. from cellulose acetat
• D01F 1/10 - Other agents for modifying properties
• D01F 2/24 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives
• D01F 2/02 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof from solutions of cellulose in acids, bases, or salts

Abstract

The invention relates to a marking composition, by means of which better protection of goods than hitherto available can be achieved independently of the coloring of the goods. The marking composition comprises an infrared-absorbing particulate component and a carbon derivative, wherein the weight ratio of infrared-absorbing component to carbon derivative is in the range of approx. 10:1 to approx. 10,000:1.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09D 11/50 - Sympathetic, colour-changing or similar inks
• C09D 5/32 - Radiation-absorbing paints
• G06K 19/06 - Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
• B42D 25/00 - Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security featuresManufacture thereof
• B42D 25/405 - Marking
• B42D 25/30 - Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
• B42D 25/29 - Securities Bank notes
• B42D 25/23 - Identity cards

Abstract

The invention relates to an arrangement (10) for generating a light effect (26) on a viewing side (24) of an effect sheet material (13). For this purpose, an obscuration sheet material (11) and preferably a divergence sheet material (12) are arranged, spaced apart, on a rear side (23) with respect to the effect sheet material (13), said rear side facing away from the viewing side (24). The obscuration sheet material (11) has at least one transmission region (17) and at least one shielding region (18). On the light entry side (15), which faces away from the effect sheet material (13), light (L) impinges on the obscuration sheet material (11) and is at least severely reduced or completely shielded in the at least one shielding region (18). The light (L) can pass through the at least one transmission region (17). By means of the divergence sheet material (12), divergent light rays (LD) are produced at the corresponding transmission region (17), which divergent light rays impinge on the rear side (23) of the effect sheet material (13) and generate a light effect (26) for a viewer (25) looking at the viewing side (24).

IPC Classes  ?

• F21V 11/14 - Screens not covered by groups , , or using diaphragms containing one or more apertures with many small apertures
• F21V 11/18 - Screens not covered by groups , , or using sheets without apertures, e.g. fixed movable, e.g. flaps, slides
• F21W 121/00 - Use or application of lighting devices or systems for decorative purposes, not provided for in groups

Abstract

The invention relates to a sensor yarn (10) having a thread core (11), around which a first conductor (12) and a second conductor (13) are helically wound. The two conductors (12, 13) are electrically insulated from each other and from the thread core (11). The two conductors (12, 13) form a capacitive component (15) together with the thread core (11). In a first sensor yarn (10a), the capacitance (Cl) per unit of length changes in the direction of extension (E) of the sensor yarn. This can be accomplished by a change in the winding geometry of the first conductor (12) or of the second conductor (13) or by a change of the permittivity (ε) of the sensor yarn (10). A second sensor yarn (10b) has photosensitive material (30), so the length thereof can be modified by incident light (L). As a result of a change in length or another deformation of the sensor yarn (10a, 10b), the total capacitance (CG) of the sensor yarn (10a, 10b) changes, which can be determined by means of an evaluation unit (17).

IPC Classes  ?

• D02G 3/36 - Cored or coated yarns or threads
• D02G 3/44 - Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed

Abstract

The invention relates to a flame-resistant polyamide as a product of the condensation of dicarboxylic acids with diamines, which flame-resistant polyamide optionally has a content of additives, in particular a flameproofing agent. The invention further relates to a method for producing said flame-resistant polyamide, wherein a phosphorus-modified dicarboxylic acid, together with a standard, unmodified dicarboxylic acids and with diamines, are subjected to polycondensation, whereby a side group having a phosphorus-modified structural unit is bonded to the main chain of the polyamide. Said flame-resistant polyamide can be applied to advantageous uses, in particular the production of molded bodies, in particular films, components, and filaments and filament yarns.

IPC Classes  ?

• C09K 21/14 - Macromolecular materials
• C08G 69/42 - Polyamides containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

Abstract

The invention relates to a polymerizable reaction mixture for producing epoxy resins with a content of polymerizable monomeric, oligomeric, and prepolymeric epoxy compounds, polymerization catalysts, curing agents, and optionally additional additives. The epoxy resins contain polymerization catalysts as precatalysts in the form of protected thermally reactivatable N-heterocyclic carbenes. The particular advantage consists in that a prefabricated storage-stable reaction mixture in the form of a one-component system can be polymerized at any point in time by raising the temperature.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 59/68 - Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups characterised by the catalysts used

Abstract

The invention relates to a flame-resistant polyamide as a product of the condensation of dicarboxylic acids with diamines and with a flame-retardant phosphorus compound, which flame-resistant polyamide is characterized in that the flame-resistant polyamide FR contains, in the main chain thereof, phosphinic acid amide structural units of formula (II) -PO(R1)-NH- (II) in addition to the amide structural units of formula (I) -CO-NH- (I), in which formula (II) R1 means hydrogen or an organic group and can differ in the individual phosphinic acid amide structural units within the main chain, and that the polyamide FR achieves a relative viscosity, measured as a 1% solution in 96% sulfuric acid at 25°C, of at least 2.0 (in accordance with DIN 51562). The invention further relates to a method for producing said flame-resistant polyamide FR. In said method, one or more diamines are polycondensed with one or more dicarboxylic acids under pressure and at elevated temperature in the presence of water and with one or more diphosphinic acids and/or one or more phosphino-carboxylic acids by means of a polyamide synthesis. After the polycondensation, the pressure in the reaction chamber is reduced to less than 1 bar. The flame-resistant polyamide can be advantageously used to produce molded bodies, in particular films, components, and filaments or filament yarns.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 69/02 - Polyamides derived from amino carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
• C08G 69/42 - Polyamides containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

Abstract

The invention relates to regenerated cellulose fibres in the form of non-fibrillating cellulose filaments, in particular of a titre of 0.5 to 10.0 dtex, with a wet fibrillation value of 1 or 2, a loss of tensile strength in the wet state of less than 40%, in particular less than 30% relative to tensile strength in the dry state, each measured according to DIN 53816. The invention further relates to a method for producing regenerated cellulose fibres, in particular of the aforedescribed kind, wherein cellulose is dissolved in a direct solvent in order to produce a spinning dope, and the spinning dope is wet-spun or dry-wet spun in a precipitation bath, wherein the precipitation bath contains a non-solvent of the cellulose and a carbohydrate, which is soluble in the non-solvent, whereby coagulation is retarded. The thus described regenerated cellulose fibres obtainable from this method lend themselves to multifarious uses, such as in textiles fabrics and for producing carbon fibres.

IPC Classes  ?

• D01D 5/06 - Wet spinning methods
• D01F 2/00 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof
• D01D 13/02 - Elements of machines in combination

Abstract

The invention relates to a marking composition, by means of which better protection of goods than hitherto available can be achieved independently of the coloring of the goods. The marking composition comprises an infrared-absorbing particulate component and a carbon derivative, wherein the weight ratio of infrared-absorbing component to carbon derivative is in the range of approx. 10 : 1 to approx. 10,000 : 1.

IPC Classes  ?

• B41M 3/14 - Security printing
• C09D 11/02 - Printing inks
• C09D 11/00 - Inks
• G07D 7/12 - Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation

Abstract

The invention relates to a marking composition, by means of which better protection of goods than hitherto available can be achieved independently of the coloring of the goods. The marking composition comprises an infrared-absorbing particulate component and a carbon derivative, wherein the weight ratio of infrared-absorbing component to carbon derivative is in the range of approx. 10 : 1 to approx. 10,000 : 1.

IPC Classes  ?

• B41M 3/14 - Security printing
• B42D 25/382 - Special inks absorbing or reflecting infrared light
• C08K 3/013 - Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
• C09C 1/00 - Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers Preparation of carbon black
• C09D 5/32 - Radiation-absorbing paints
• C09D 7/61 - Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
• C09D 11/32 - Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents
• G07D 7/12 - Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation

Abstract

The invention relates to directly spun cellulose fibres of a low titre as micro or supermicro fibres, particularly filaments, of a titre of 0.1 to 1.0, but also those of a titre of 1.0 to 4.0 dtex. The invention also relates to a method for advantageous production of such fibres by means of wet or dry-wet spinning, comprising the following steps (a) dissolving the cellulose in a solvent to produce a spinning solution and (b) wet or dry-wet spinning the spinning solution using a spinning nozzle with a workpiece (15) having micro holes (12). The micro holes (12) have a diameter (d) of less than 70 μm, particularly less than 60 μm, and the channel lengths (W) of the workpiece (15) in the transverse direction (z) are at most so deep that the aspect ratio between the channel length (W) of the workpiece (15) and the diameter (d) of the micro holes (12) is at least 3:1, particularly at least 5:1, and the spinning solution is precipitated in a coagulation bath to form substantially non-fibrillating cellulose filaments. These directly spun cellulose fibres can be supplied for numerous uses, particularly for advantageous production of carbon fibres by carbonisation, possibly with subsequent graphitisation, and for production of textile structures.

IPC Classes  ?

• D01D 4/02 - Spinnerettes
• D01D 5/06 - Wet spinning methods
• D01F 2/00 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a molded body with an organic matrix which is reinforced with textile structures including fibers. Said molded body is produced by dissolving cellulose in a molten ionic liquid, the quantity of cellulose in the resulting cellulose-containing solution system advantageously being 2 to 30 wt.%, in particular 4 to 15 wt.%. The cellulose-containing solution system, which optionally comprises property-changing additives, is mixed with a textile structure, and the mixture is used to coagulate the cellulose into a coagulated medium. The resulting textile-reinforced molded body is washed and dried. Said molded body offers a wide variety of applications such as automobile interiors, for example as roof parts, side panels, or dashboards, for the automobile exterior area, in particular as underseal, as furniture parts, and for producing carbonized molded bodies which can be used for example as porous conductive matrices and separators or in fuel cells as cathodes and anodes or as membranes and separators.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08L 1/02 - CelluloseModified cellulose
• C08J 5/00 - Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances

Abstract

The invention relates to a roving-spinning machine thread-guiding device to be arranged between a stretching unit (2) for supplying a thread (F) and a rotationally driven spindle (10) for winding the thread (F). The thread (F) undergoes a final twisting process between the stretching unit (2) and the spindle (10). A thread-guiding channel (12, 12') is provided, which comprises a thread inlet (13; 13') and a thread outlet (14, 14') and which is mounted on a supporting device (6, 9) by means of a bearing arrangement (15) so as to be rotatable coaxially to the spindle (10), said supporting device being moved back and forth in an axial direction with respect to the spindle (10). The bearing arrangement has a radial bearing (24, 26, 29, 30) that functions in a contactless manner, and the thread outlet (14, 14') is arranged such that the thread (F) that leaves the thread outlet (14, 14') is drawn in a tangential direction with respect to the spindle (10) and thereby rotates the thread-guiding channel (12, 12').

IPC Classes  ?

• D01H 1/02 - Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously ring type
• D01H 1/42 - Guards or protectors for yarns or threads, e.g. separator plates, anti-ballooning devices
• D01H 13/04 - Guides for slivers, rovings, or yarnsSmoothing dies

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for the continuous production of high-strength endless filament yarns with a compact, especially homogeneous structural morphology based on polyacrylonitrile for carbon fibre precursors, which are produced on the basis of this method, and relates to carbon fibres that can be obtained by carbonization of the carbon fibre precursors. The fibres are formed from polymer solutions in ionic fluids as part of a wet or dry-wet process. In the production of yarns and filaments, there is a further stretching of the freshly formed elements immediately after precipitation in an organic solvent or a diluted aqueous solution of the respective ionic fluid or in a saturation vapour zone. The precursor yarns and filaments obtained primarily have an increased tear resistance with simultaneously sufficient elongation, a round cross-section and a compact, especially homogeneous fibre morphology and are particularly well-suited for further processing and production of high-strength carbon fibres for technical applications in composite materials. Carbon fibres produced in this manner are also characterized by a tensile strength in the range of 3.0 to 8.5 GPa, an elongation at rupture in the range of 0.5 to 3.0%, a modulus of elasticity between 100 and 600 MPa, and a titer of 0.1 to 3.0 dtex.

IPC Classes  ?

• D01D 5/06 - Wet spinning methods
• D01D 5/12 - Stretch-spinning methods
• D01F 6/18 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
• D01F 6/38 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof from copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds comprising unsaturated nitriles as the major constituent
• D01F 6/54 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polymers of unsaturated nitriles
• D01F 9/22 - Carbon filamentsApparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyacrylonitriles

Abstract

The invention relates to a thread guiding ring for a ring spinning machine or a twisting machine, comprising a running surface (4) for a ring traveler (3), which deflects the thread (F) during the winding of a thread (F) onto a bobbin tube (S) and in the process is moved by the thread (F) along the running surface (4), wherein the running surface (4) has grooves (5, 6, 7, 8), which are arranged at an angle to an intended direction of motion (BR) of the ring traveler (3).

IPC Classes  ?

• D01H 7/56 - Ring-and-traveller arrangements with freely-rotatable ringsRing-and-traveller arrangements with braked or dragged rings
• D01H 7/58 - Ring-and-traveller arrangements with driven rings
• D01H 7/62 - Arrangements providing lubricant for travellers

Abstract

A process is described for producing surface-modified polypropylene filament yarns that are dyeable from aqueous liquors. This process is characterized in that the filament yarns, comprising standard commercial PP, in the course of their formation in a melt spinning procedure, undergo treatment with a hydrogen peroxide solution. The invention further relates to polyolefin filament yarns obtainable by this process, and to the use of these polyolefin filament yarns for producing sheetlike textile structures, with the possibility of advantageous subsequent dyeing with vat dyes. The treatment referred to or the upgrading step, which in accordance with the prior art normally takes place at a much later point in the production chain, therefore yields a hydrophilized filament yarn without an additional downstream treatment step, such as by plasma treatment, for example, and also without any other additional energy input. The resulting filament yarn can be processed and upgraded in the same way as has hitherto been the case in the industrial practice. Without the aftertreatment of the prior art, the textiles obtained in accordance with the invention exhibit a desirable dyeability. This can be achieved without further pretreatment, by means of vat dyeing by the Thermosol process in deep shades, and the vat dyeing at the same time possesses the high light fastness known for vat dyeings.

IPC Classes  ?

• D01F 11/06 - Chemical after-treatment of man-made filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• D01F 6/04 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins
• D01F 6/06 - Monocomponent man-made filaments or the like of synthetic polymersManufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins from polypropylene

Abstract

The invention relates to a drawing roller frame for drawing at least one moving skein-shaped staple fiber sliver (S) at at least one work site (2) of a spinning machine, in particular on a spinning machine or on a flyer, wherein for each work site (2) one drawing field (3) is provided, which is formed between an inlet-side roller pair (4, 5) and an outlet-side roller pair (6, 7), wherein the drawing field (3) is associated with a fiber guide device (8) for guiding the staple fiber sliver (S), which has a fiber guide apron (9) extending peripherally around an upper roller (4) of the inlet-side roller pair (4, 5), wherein the fiber guide device (8) has a stationary fiber guide surface (11) against which the fiber guide apron (9) is pressed, wherein the staple fiber sliver (S) is guided between the fiber guide apron (9) and the stationary fiber guide surface (11).

IPC Classes  ?

• D01H 5/26 - Drafting machines or arrangements without fallers or like pinned bars in which fibres are controlled by one or more endless aprons

Abstract

What are described are precatalysts for preparation of polyolefins by homopolymerization of cyclic olefins or copolymerization of cyclic olefins with 1‑olefins by means of vinyl insertion polymerization (VIP) and ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), wherein the catalysts have a borylamino structure and are represented by the following formulae (I), (II) and (III), in which: Lz is a donor molecule with the function of satisfying unsaturated sites on the metal defined as M hereinafter, where z is 0, 1, or 2; M is Ti, Zr or Hf; R groups are each independently a straight-chain or branched C1-C18-alkyl group, a straight-chain or branched C1-C18-alkoxy group, a C3-C8-cycloalkyl group, an aryl group having up to three fused or unfused rings, R' is as defined for R; X is independently F, Cl, Br, I, a straight-chain or branched C1-C18-alkyl group and/or an aryl group of the type defined above; A is carbon or silicon; D is independently H, a straight-chain or branched C1-C18-alkyl group or an aryl group of the type defined above; or AD2 is a straight-chain or branched C2-C18-alkylidene group and C is independently H or a methyl, ethyl and/or phenyl group. These precatalysts can be used particularly advantageously for the purpose described above. They allow, in the presence of a 1‑olefin, at suitable temperature and suitable concentration, the preparation of a copolymer with a cyclic olefin which is incorporated into the copolymer chain by means of ROMP and VIP.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 210/00 - Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
• C08F 32/00 - Homopolymers or copolymers of cyclic compounds having no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic ring system
• C08G 61/08 - Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes only aliphatic carbon atoms prepared by ring-opening of carbocyclic compounds of carbocyclic compounds containing one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in the ring
• C08F 4/6592 - Component covered by group containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring
• C08F 4/64 - Titanium, zirconium, hafnium, or compounds thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a hybrid yarn (1) for producing molded parts (8) which have a thermoplastic matrix and reinforcing fibers (4, 5, 6, 7) embedded therein. The hybrid yarn (1) comprises a core (2) that substantially consists of staple fibers (4, 5) oriented in a linear manner in a longitudinal direction (LR) of the hybrid yarn (1) and a jacket (3) that substantially consists of staple fibers (6, 7) looped around the core (2) in a helical line-shaped manner. The staple fibers (4, 5) that form the core (2) and the staple fibers (6, 7) that form the jacket (3) each consists of an intimate mixture (4, 5; 6, 7) of thermoplastic matrix fibers (4, 6) and reinforcing fibers (5, 7).

IPC Classes  ?

• D02G 3/36 - Cored or coated yarns or threads
• D02G 3/40 - Yarns in which fibres are united by adhesivesImpregnated yarns or threads
• B29B 15/10 - Coating or impregnating

Abstract

What is proposed is a device for extracting a liquid (W) from an aerosol (N), in particular for extracting water (W) from fog (N), comprising a textile separating element (2) for separating liquid particles (WT) contained in the aerosol (N), wherein the separating element (2) is designed as a three-dimensional textile structure (2a, 2b).

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
• D03D 15/00 - Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
• D03D 25/00 - Woven fabrics not otherwise provided for
• B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
• E03B 3/28 - Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from humid air
• G01W 1/00 - Meteorology

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing regenerated biopolymers in the form of carbohydrates, using a solvent system that contains the biopolymers dissolved therein. The solvent system is based on a melted ionic liquid and optionally a protic solvent or a mixture thereof. The biopolymers dissolved in the solvent system are precipitated in a coagulation medium, said medium comprising a protic coagulant or a mixture of protic coagulants. The method according to the invention is characterized in that the surface tension .sigma. of the coagulant or the mixture of coagulants is 99% to 30% of the surface tension .sigma. of water, the surface tension being measured according to ASTM D 1590-60 at a temperature of 50.degree.C. The method according to the invention is economical and flexible and leads to advantageous products, especially in the form of staple fibers which are especially not fibrillated and have an advantageous wet to dry strength ratio.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08B 16/00 - Regeneration of cellulose
• C08B 30/06 - DryingForming
• C08J 3/14 - Powdering or granulating by precipitation from solutions
• D01F 2/00 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof

Abstract

A solution system for biopolymers in the form of carbohydrates based on a molten ionic liquid, additives optionally being contained in the solution system, is described. This solution system contains a protic solvent or a mixture of several protic solvents, and in the case where the protic solvent is solely water, this is present in the solution system in an amount of more than about 5 wt. %. Carbohydrates can be incorporated into the solution system, in particular in the form of starch, cellulose and derivatives thereof, and it can then be used for regeneration of the carbohydrates contained therein. A particularly advantageous process for the preparation of the solution system containing the carbohydrates and for the preparation of regenerated carbohydrates, in particular in the form of regenerated cellulose fibers, is moreover described. The invention accordingly also provides such spun fibers as are distinguished in that they are non-fibrillating. The invention offers in particular economic advantages over the systems of the prior art.

IPC Classes  ?

• D01F 2/24 - Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivativesManufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives
• D01D 5/04 - Dry spinning methods
• B29C 47/00 - Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor (extrusion blow-moulding B29C 49/04)
• C08B 16/00 - Regeneration of cellulose
• C07H 1/00 - Processes for the preparation of sugar derivatives
• B32B 23/00 - Layered products essentially comprising cellulosic plastic substances

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for spinning staple fibres on ring-spinning machines, wherein a staple fibre composite is drawn in a drawing frame and, during exit from the drawing frame, is twisted to form a thread and is wound up by means of a traveler device. The fibre composite (F') which emerges from the drawing frame runs through a thread guide device (1) which has a twisting apparatus (10) which is equipped with a brake device (13, 13'). The completely twisted thread (F) is guided over a spindle attachment (33) which is provided with grooves (32, 35), immediately after leaving the twisting apparatus (10). The method is carried out by way of an apparatus for spinning staple fibres on ring-spinning machines, which apparatus comprises a thread guide device which has a twisting element which is arranged at a spacing above the upper end of the ring spindle and is coupled to the ring spindle via a magnetic force field. An attachment (33) which is arranged on the ring spindle (3) and has grooves (32, 35) on its circumference for driving the thread (F) which emerges from the twisting element (10) is connected behind the twisting element (10).

IPC Classes  ?

• D01H 1/02 - Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously ring type
• D01H 7/18 - Arrangements on spindles for suppressing yarn balloons
• D01H 7/92 - Spinning or twisting arrangements for imparting transient twist

Abstract

Nanoscalar primary particles based on SiO2 or a mixed oxide of SiO2 and other metal oxides, in particular Al2O3, are disclosed. These particles have an average particle size ranging from 1 to 2000 nm (determined by the particle size measuring method that uses a Zetasizer NS (Nano Series)) and a negative charge, and can be advantageously used for producing a hydrophilic coating on textile materials. If required, a hydrophobic outer layer can be formed on the previously treated hydrophilic material, ensuring an enhanced alcohol and oil repelling effect, in comparison with a textile material without a hydrophilic intermediate layer. The nanoscalar primary particles can be used for this purpose in a particularly advantageous manner if they are added to the reaction solution in statu nascendi.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 33/193 - Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel formAfter-treatment thereof by acidic treatment of silicates of aqueous solutions of silicates
• C01B 33/26 - Aluminium-containing silicates
• D06M 11/79 - Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereofSuch treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof with silicon dioxide, silicic acids or their salts
• D06M 11/45 - Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic TableAluminates

Abstract

The invention relates to a polyester based on a polycondensation product of terephthalic acid and/or terephthalic acid derivatives comprising bivalent alcohols. Said polyester is characterised in that (I) between 40 and less than 90 mol. % of ethylene glycol, propane-1,3-diol and/or butane-1,4-diol is combined with (II) between 60 and more than 10 mol. % alkane-l,2-diol, exclusively ethylene glycol, and the polyester has a melting point of between approximately 145 and 250 °C (in accordance with DIN EN ISO 53765). It has a comparatively low melting point, such that it can be retreated at the lower melting temperature. This prevents undesired secondary and decomposition reactions during the retreatment, and enables energy costs to be reduced. The inventive polyester is especially suitable for producing fibres or filaments by melt-spinning, and films, bottles and other moulded parts according to an injection moulding method. The fibres can be treated to form a high-quality nonwoven material.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08G 63/183 - Terephthalic acids