Abstract

An integrated circuit device comprises a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) transistor comprising a gate stack formed over a channel region thereof and a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) comprising a layer stack formed over a collector region thereof. Some features of the MOS transistor and the BJT are co-fabricated such that they have common physical characteristics.

IPC Classes  ?

• H10D 84/40 - Integrated devices formed in or on semiconductor substrates that comprise only semiconducting layers, e.g. on Si wafers or on GaAs-on-Si wafers characterised by the integration of at least one component covered by groups or with at least one component covered by groups or , e.g. integration of IGFETs with BJTs
• H10D 84/01 - Manufacture or treatment

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method and system for estimating State-of-Charge (SoC) of a rechargeable battery, such as for example, a rechargeable battery used to power and electric vehicle (EV). In particular embodiments of the present disclosure are able to estimate SoC of rechargeable batteries that exhibit charge-discharge hysteresis on their open-circuit voltage (OCV), so that it is not necessarily instantly possible to determine state of charge from the OCV. Embodiments of the present disclosure achieve this by maintaining a measure of current supplied by (and in some embodiments voltage across) the rechargeable battery and applying the measured current (and voltage) to a predictive model that comprises a plurality of parallel time-based filters each having a different time constant ranging for example from tenths of a second to a number of seconds, minutes, or hours. The parallel filters model both the static, nominal OCV response of the battery, as well as the dynamic response, including any charge-discharge cycle voltage hysteresis, with the parallel filter models being linear in their unknowns, and hence solvable by linear regression techniques to find the necessary filter coefficient values. With such an arrangement a significantly more accurate estimation of State-of-Charge of a (vehicular) rechargeable battery is obtained than state of the art charge counting techniques.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/387 - Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
• G01R 31/367 - Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
• G01R 31/3842 - Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
• G01R 31/396 - Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
• H01M 50/249 - MountingsSecondary casings or framesRacks, modules or packsSuspension devicesShock absorbersTransport or carrying devicesHolders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains

Abstract

A method and apparatus can include: a fan vented enclosure with cooling fans for creating air columns, each of the air columns corresponding to one of the cooling fans; a detector coupled to the fan vented enclosure; and an angled channel coupled to the fan vented enclosure, the angled channel configured to redirect a sample across at least one of the air columns to the detector such that a number of detectors is less than a number of air columns, the angled channel further configured to allow bypass air to flow around the angled channel.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 1/22 - Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
• H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Abstract

A method of separating and manipulating a sample comprising a plurality of components, the method comprising: providing a medium comprising a sample, the sample comprising a plurality of components; applying a force to the sample so as to cause the sample to migrate along a first pathway through the medium; and applying a force to at least a part of the sample so as to cause the part of the sample to migrate along a second pathway through the medium, wherein the second pathway is adjacent to or intersects the first pathway; and applying a force to at least a part of the sample so as to cause at least a part of the sample to migrate along a third pathway through the medium, wherein the third pathway is adjacent to or intersects the second pathway, wherein migration along at least one of the first pathway, the second pathway and the third pathway is arranged to separate the sample into a plurality of components.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 1/40 - Concentrating samples
• B03C 5/00 - Separating dispersed particles from liquids by electrostatic effect
• B01L 3/00 - Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glasswareDroppers

Abstract

A method of identifying a labelled species, the method comprising: providing a library comprising a plurality of labelled species, each labelled species comprising a unique species portion bonded to either a unique nucleic acid (NA) label or a unique derivative of a NA label; providing a separation device comprising a sample surface and a plurality of capture sites arranged on the sample surface, wherein each capture site is configured to selectively bind to one of the NA labels or a derivative thereof to retain the corresponding labelled species on the capture site; providing the plurality of labelled species to the sample surface and selectively binding to each capture site one of the NA-labels or a derivative thereof of the labelled species so as to selectively retain each of the labelled species of the library on a corresponding capture site; and selectively releasing one of the labelled species from the sample surface, recovering the labelled species separately to the other of the plurality of labelled species and analysing the recovered labelled species.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 1/40 - Concentrating samples
• B03C 5/00 - Separating dispersed particles from liquids by electrostatic effect
• B01L 3/00 - Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glasswareDroppers
• C12N 15/10 - Processes for the isolation, preparation or purification of DNA or RNA

Abstract

A method of amplifying target nucleic acids in a sample uses a PCR amplification process in which the hybridizing step comprising hybridizing a part of any target nucleic acid in the sample to the corresponding first primer of the corresponding amplification site, hybridizing comprises individually controlling each of the thermal devices so that a target temperature for each amplification site is different and corresponds to a temperature at which the first primer on the amplification site can selectively bind to a corresponding part of the target nucleic acid so that the first primer and the part of the target nucleic acid can hybridize to form a bound pair.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01L 3/00 - Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glasswareDroppers
• B01L 7/00 - Heating or cooling apparatusHeat insulating devices
• B03C 5/00 - Separating dispersed particles from liquids by electrostatic effect
• G01N 1/40 - Concentrating samples
• B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus

Abstract

Methods and systems for producing and processing a product of a conversion are provided Methods comprise migrating the product of a conversion relative to the sample surface is so as to (I) separate the product from at least one additional species; and/or (II) collect the product in a product region on the sample surface. Methods alternatively or additionally comprise (I) analysing the product on a capture site; and (II) selectively releasing the product from a capture site, recovering the product and removing the product from a sample surface, and analysing the recovered product.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 1/40 - Concentrating samples
• B03C 5/00 - Separating dispersed particles from liquids by electrostatic effect
• B01L 3/00 - Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glasswareDroppers
• B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus

Abstract

A system for separating and manipulating a sample includes an apparatus comprising a substrate defining a sample surface for receiving a medium The apparatus also includes a first manipulation assembly operable to apply a force to a sample to cause the sample to migrate along a first pathway, and a second manipulation assembly operable to apply a force to a sample to cause at least a part of the sample to migrate along a second pathway. The second pathway is adjacent to or intersects the first pathway. Migration along at least one of the first pathway and the second pathway is arranged to separate the sample into a plurality of components. At least one of the first and second manipulation assembly is configured so as to define an individually controllable region along a part of the respective first and/or second pathway.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 1/40 - Concentrating samples
• B03C 5/00 - Separating dispersed particles from liquids by electrostatic effect
• B01L 3/00 - Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glasswareDroppers

Abstract

A system for separating and manipulating a sample comprising a plurality of components, comprises a substrate defining a sample surface for receiving a medium in which the sample can be received; a first manipulation assembly operable to apply a force to a sample to cause the sample to migrate within medium provided at the sample surface along a first pathway; a second manipulation assembly operable to apply a force to a sample to cause at least a part of the sample to migrate within medium provided at the sample surface along a second pathway, wherein the second manipulation assembly is arranged so that the second pathway is adjacent to or intersects the first pathway; at least one modification element provided along the first and/or second pathway operable to: interact with at least a part of the sample migrating along the respective first and/or second pathway and/or influence the migration of the at least a part of the sample along the respective first and/or second pathway The system further comprises a control unit configured to operate: the first manipulation assembly and the second manipulation assembly so as to cause at least a part of the sample to migrate within medium provided on the respective first and/or second pathway, where this migration is arranged to separate the sample into a plurality of components. The modification element is operated to interact with and/or influence the migration of at least a part of the sample within the respective first and/or second pathway.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 1/40 - Concentrating samples
• B03C 5/00 - Separating dispersed particles from liquids by electrostatic effect
• B01L 3/00 - Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glasswareDroppers

Abstract

Technologies are provided for monitoring of status changes of a cardiopulmonary condition. In some cases, a method includes: receiving, thoracic impedance (TI) measurement signals corresponding to a subject, the TI measurement signals being time-dependent and obtained during a time interval; generating, using the TI measurement signals, respiration signals corresponding to the subject during the time interval; determining, over the time interval, using the respiration signals, multiple values of a ratio of an exhalation time and an inhalation time of the subject; monitoring, over the time interval, using the multiple values, a time-dependence of the ratio; and identifying, based on the time-dependence, a status change of a cardiopulmonary condition of the subject.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/085 - Measuring impedance of respiratory organs or lung elasticity
• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons
• A61B 5/08 - Measuring devices for evaluating the respiratory organs

Abstract

Aspects of this disclosure relate to a multi-mode power amplifier circuit. The power amplifier circuit can include a first power amplifier core, a second power amplifier core, an output combiner, and an adjustable termination impedance circuit connected to a port of the output combiner. The adjustable termination circuit can provide different terminations for different modes of the multi-mode power amplifier circuit. In certain embodiments, the different modes can include a Doherty mode, a segmented mode, and/or a balanced mode. The multi-mode power amplifier circuit can operate in different modes based one or more of load impedance, voltage standing wave ratio variation, or beam angle in certain applications.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03F 3/24 - Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers of transmitter output stages
• H03F 1/02 - Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
• H03F 1/56 - Modifications of input or output impedances, not otherwise provided for
• H03F 3/60 - Amplifiers in which coupling networks have distributed constants, e.g. with waveguide resonators

Abstract

Technologies are provided for monitoring of status changes of a cardiopulmonary condition. In some cases, a system includes a wearable device having multiple electrodes and multiple sensor devices. The multiple sensor devices include an electric sensor device functionally coupled with the multiple electrodes and configured to generate first measurement signals during a measurement period, and also include a movement sensor device configured to generate second measurement signals during the measurement period. The system also includes a computing device configured to communicate with the wearable device and further configured to receive the first measurement signals and the second measurement signals, and determine, using a combination of the first and second measurement signals, a value of a metric or respective values in a combination of metrics, where the metric and/or the combination of metrics may be indicative of status of a cardiopulmonary condition of the subject.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/0205 - Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons
• A61B 5/11 - Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb
• A61B 5/256 - Wearable electrodes, e.g. having straps or bands
• A61B 5/332 - Portable devices specially adapted therefor
• G16H 10/20 - ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of patient-related medical or healthcare data for electronic clinical trials or questionnaires

Abstract

Technologies are provided for monitoring of status changes of a cardiopulmonary condition. In some cases, a method includes: generating, using thoracic impedance (TI) measurement signals during a time interval, respiration signals corresponding to a subject, where the TI measurement signals are time-dependent; generating, using acceleration measurement signals during the time interval, movement signals corresponding to movement of a chest wall of the subject, where the acceleration measurement signals are time-dependent; determining, over the time interval, using the respiration signals and the movement signals, multiple values of a metric associated with respiration of the subject; monitoring, over the time interval, using the multiple values, a time-dependence of the metric; and identifying, based on the time-dependence, a status change of a cardiopulmonary condition of the subject.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/085 - Measuring impedance of respiratory organs or lung elasticity
• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons
• A61B 5/11 - Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb
• A61B 5/113 - Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb occurring during breathing

Abstract

Example implementations include methods, apparatuses, and computer-readable medium of network identification (ID) distribution by devices in a network, which may be host devices or other devices. An example method includes sending a host ID on a communication bus, such as a controller area network (CAN) bus, receiving a first device ID from a first node in a plurality of nodes on the CAN bus, distributing a first unique network ID value to the first node in the plurality of nodes on the CAN bus, confirming that the first node in the plurality of nodes has received the first unique network ID value, and repeating the method until each node in the plurality of nodes has been assigned the respective unique network ID value.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 61/5038 - Address allocation for local use, e.g. in LAN or USB networks, or in a controller area network [CAN]
• H04L 12/40 - Bus networks
• H04L 101/627 - Controller area network [CAN] identifiers

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a configurable interface circuit supporting a plurality of different selectable operational modes. In one example the interface circuit comprises a device terminal couplable to an external field device, a digital current path coupled to the device terminal, and having a first sense resistor, and an analog current path having a second sense resistor. When the configurable interface circuit is operating in the analog mode, an analog current can flow through the analog current path and an analog signal can be measured by measuring a voltage across the first sense resistor and second sense resistor, and when the configurable interface circuit is operating in the digital mode, a digital current is controlled to flow through the digital current path and a digital signal can be measured by measuring the voltage across the first sense resistor and second sense resistor.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 19/0175 - Coupling arrangementsInterface arrangements
• G01R 19/00 - Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
• H03K 17/081 - Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit

Abstract

A new field-effect transistor (FET) based switch for use in/with high voltage precision instruments is provided. The switch can enable leakage compensation. A switch comprises a first FET in series with a second FET, and a buffer with an output terminal and an input terminal. The drain terminal of the first FET is connected to the source terminal of the second FET. The input terminal is coupled to the drain terminal of the second FET. At least one of: the first FET has an isolation terminal and the output terminal of the buffer is coupled to the isolation terminal of the first FET; and, the second SFET has an isolation terminal and the output terminal of the buffer is coupled to the isolation terminal of the second FET.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/16 - Modifications for eliminating interference voltages or currents
• H10D 30/64 - Double-diffused metal-oxide semiconductor [DMOS] FETs
• H10D 62/85 - Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers characterised by the materials being Group III-V materials, e.g. GaAs
• H10D 84/00 - Integrated devices formed in or on semiconductor substrates that comprise only semiconducting layers, e.g. on Si wafers or on GaAs-on-Si wafers
• H10D 84/83 - Integrated devices formed in or on semiconductor substrates that comprise only semiconducting layers, e.g. on Si wafers or on GaAs-on-Si wafers characterised by the integration of at least one component covered by groups or , e.g. integration of IGFETs of only field-effect components of only insulated-gate FETs [IGFET]

Abstract

Semiconductor devices can include features to apply electrical stimulation to liquids in which one or more compounds are present and to measure the response to the electrical stimulation. Nucleic acids can be used to track the location of the compounds within the semiconductor devices.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus
• C12Q 1/6825 - Nucleic acid detection involving sensors

Abstract

Semiconductor devices can include features to apply electrical stimulation to liquids in which one or more compounds are present and to measure the response to the electrical stimulation. Nucleic acids can be used to track the location of the compounds within the semiconductor devices.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 27/327 - Biochemical electrodes
• G01N 33/543 - ImmunoassayBiospecific binding assayMaterials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals

Abstract

An integrated circuit device comprises a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) transistor comprising a gate stack formed over a channel region thereof and a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) comprising a layer stack formed over a collector region thereof. Some features of the MOS transistor and the BJT are co-fabricated such that they have common physical characteristics.

IPC Classes  ?

• H10D 84/40 - Integrated devices formed in or on semiconductor substrates that comprise only semiconducting layers, e.g. on Si wafers or on GaAs-on-Si wafers characterised by the integration of at least one component covered by groups or with at least one component covered by groups or , e.g. integration of IGFETs with BJTs
• H10D 10/40 - Vertical BJTs
• H10D 10/60 - Lateral BJTs
• H10D 30/65 - Lateral DMOS [LDMOS] FETs
• H10D 62/10 - Shapes, relative sizes or dispositions of the regions of the semiconductor bodiesShapes of the semiconductor bodies
• H10D 64/00 - Electrodes of devices having potential barriers

Abstract

An integrated circuit device comprises a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) transistor comprising a gate stack formed over a channel region thereof and a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) comprising a layer stack formed over a collector region thereof. Some features of the MOS transistor and the BJT are co-fabricated such that they have common physical characteristics.

IPC Classes  ?

• H10D 84/40 - Integrated devices formed in or on semiconductor substrates that comprise only semiconducting layers, e.g. on Si wafers or on GaAs-on-Si wafers characterised by the integration of at least one component covered by groups or with at least one component covered by groups or , e.g. integration of IGFETs with BJTs
• H10D 10/60 - Lateral BJTs
• H10D 30/65 - Lateral DMOS [LDMOS] FETs
• H10D 62/10 - Shapes, relative sizes or dispositions of the regions of the semiconductor bodiesShapes of the semiconductor bodies
• H10D 84/01 - Manufacture or treatment

Abstract

Aspects of this disclosure relate to a cancelling interference at an output of a power amplifier. An interference sensing circuit in a signal path between the power amplifier and an antenna can generate an interfering power signal. An interference cancellation loop can receive the interfering power signal and provide a cancellation signal to a transmit signal path that includes the power amplifier to thereby suppress interference at the output of the power amplifier. In certain embodiments, the interference cancellation loop includes an amplifier and a phase shifter. Related systems and methods are disclosed.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03F 3/24 - Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers of transmitter output stages

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure include a method, a controller, and/or a computer readable medium for providing a first queue having a first plurality of transmission opportunities for a plurality of nodes to transmit first information of a first priority, granting a first permission to at least a first subset of the plurality of nodes to transmit at least a first portion of the first information of the first priority, and replacing, after the transmitting the first information, a second queue having a second plurality of transmission opportunities for the plurality of nodes to transmit second information of a second priority with a third queue having a third plurality of transmission opportunities for the plurality of nodes to transmit third information of a third priority, the third priority being higher than the second priority.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 47/6275 - Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria for service slots or service orders based on priority

Abstract

High voltage microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) switches are described. The MEMS switches can be actively opened and closed. The switch can include a beam coupled to an anchor on a substrate by one or more hinges. The switch can include control electrodes, disposed on a surface of the substrate, for electrically controlling the beam. The anchor is asymmetrically positioned with respect to the two ends of the beam and is electrically connected to a middle electrode. A stopper serves as a pivot point during actuation of the switch to reduce the mechanical stress on the hinges.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01H 1/00 - Contacts

Abstract

High voltage micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) switches are described. A MEMS teeter-totter switch connected between two terminals of a circuit breaker can include a beam coupled to an anchor on a substrate and two control electrodes, disposed on a surface of the substrate. A protective switch connected between the two terminals in parallel with the MEMS teeter-totter switch may turn on during transition of the MEMS teeter-totter switch between ON and OFF states to protect the MEMS teeter-totter switch from large currents and voltages that may flow or develop across the MEMS teeter-totter switch when the voltage between two terminals is large.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01H 71/74 - Means for adjusting the conditions under which the device will function to provide protection
• H01H 71/00 - Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups
• H01H 73/04 - Contacts

Abstract

High voltage micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) switches are described. A MEMS teeter-totter switch can include a beam coupled to an anchor on a substrate and two control electrodes, disposed on a surface of the substrate. A control circuit may include an isolator that provides an isolated activation voltage to a voltage supply and control circuit. The voltage supply and control circuit uses the isolated activation voltage to supply a control voltage to one of the control electrodes with respect to a first reference voltage, causing the beam to provide an input voltage received from an input terminal to a contact electrode of the MEMS teeter-totter switch electrically connected to an output terminal. The input voltage is applied on the beam with respect to a second reference voltage different from the first reference voltage.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01H 1/00 - Contacts
• B81B 5/00 - Devices comprising elements which are movable in relation to each other, e.g. comprising slidable or rotatable elements

Abstract

High voltage micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) switches are described. A MEMS teeter-totter switch can include a beam coupled to an anchor on a substrate and two control electrodes, disposed on a surface of the substrate. A control circuit may include an optical isolator that provides an isolated activation voltage to a voltage supply and control circuit. The voltage supply and control circuit uses the isolated activation voltage to supply a control voltage to one of the control electrodes with respect to a first reference voltage, causing the beam to provide an input voltage received from an input terminal to a contact electrode of the MEMS teeter-totter switch electrically connected to an output terminal. The input voltage is applied on the beam with respect to a second reference voltage different from the first reference voltage.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/78 - Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and -breaking characterised by the use of specified components by the use, as active elements, of opto-electronic devices, i.e. light-emitting and photoelectric devices electrically- or optically-coupled
• H01H 71/00 - Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups
• H01H 73/04 - Contacts

Abstract

Circuit breakers comprising high voltage micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) switches are described. A MEMS teeter-totter switch connected between two terminals of the circuit breaker can include a beam coupled to an anchor on a substrate and two control electrodes disposed on a surface of the substrate. The circuit breaker includes one or more sensors that generate sensor signals indicative of operational conditions of the MEMS teeter-totter switch. A microcontroller generates control signals to change the state of the switch based at least in part on one of the sensor signals.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02H 1/00 - Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
• G01R 19/25 - Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
• H02H 3/08 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition, with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to excess current
• H02H 5/04 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature

Abstract

A current sensor is provided comprising a substrate comprising four layers and four measurement coils provided across the four layers of the substrate. Providing four measurement coils across the four layers of the substrate allows an increased number of turns or loops, increasing sensor sensitivity. Each measurement coil may be provided across two of the four layers or four of the four layers of the substrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 15/18 - Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers

Abstract

A measurement device for an electrochemical system includes a stimulus circuit configured to simultaneously apply a direct current (DC) stimulus and an alternating current (AC) stimulus to one or more electrochemical cells of the electrochemical system, wherein the AC stimulus is applied at multiple frequencies; an impedance measurement circuit configured to measure impedance of the one or more electrochemical cells; and a controller configured to synchronize application of the DC stimulus and AC stimulus with measuring of impedance at the multiple frequencies and record the measured impedance of the one or more electrochemical cells.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/389 - Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
• C25B 15/00 - Operating or servicing cells
• G01R 31/3842 - Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements

Abstract

Circuit breakers based on micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) switches are described. A high voltage MEMS teeter-totter switch can include a beam coupled to an anchor on a substrate and two control electrodes, disposed on a surface of the substrate. A control voltage applied on one of the control electrodes with respect to a first reference voltage puts one of the two ends of the beam in electric contact with one of two contact electrodes of the MEMS teeter-totter switch to electrical connected two terminals of a circuit breaker. The input voltage is applied on the beam with respect to a second reference voltage different from the first reference voltage. A MEMS teeter-totter switch network comprises a plurality of MEMS teeter-totter switches configured to switch high voltage and high current between the two terminals of the circuit breaker.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01H 71/10 - Operating or release mechanisms
• H01H 71/00 - Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups
• H01H 73/04 - Contacts

Abstract

High voltage micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) switches are described. A MEMS teeter-totter switch connected between two terminals of a circuit breaker can include a beam coupled to an anchor on a substrate and two control electrodes, disposed on a surface of the substrate. An electrical overstress device connected between the two terminals in parallel with the MEMS teeter-totter switch may protect the MEMS teeter-totter switch when a high voltage transient signal is applied across the teeter-totter switch.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02H 9/06 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using spark-gap arresters
• H01H 71/00 - Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups
• H01H 71/74 - Means for adjusting the conditions under which the device will function to provide protection
• H01H 73/04 - Contacts

Abstract

The disclosed technology generally relates to micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) switches, and more particularly to MEMS switches configured for high voltage and high current applications, and circuits and systems including the same. In one aspect, a circuit breaker circuitry includes an input terminal and an output terminal and a micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) switch electrically connected therebetween / The MEMS switch includes a conductive beam pivoted over a substrate by a conductive post to tilt in opposite directions and first and second contact electrodes formed on the substrate at opposite lateral sides of the conductive post. The first contact electrode is electrically shorted with the conductive post. The MEMS switch additionally includes first and second control electrodes formed on the substrate at opposite lateral sides of the conductive post. Each of the first and second control electrodes is disposed laterally between the conductive post and a respective one of the first and second contact electrodes. The input terminal, the first contact electrode and the conductive post are commonly electrically connected. Upon activation of the MEMS switch, the conductive beam tilts in a first direction to cause: a first side of the conductive beam to electromechanically couple to the first contact electrode, and a second side of the conductive beam to mechanically decouple from the second contact electrode, thereby open circuiting a path between the input terminal and the output terminal.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01H 1/00 - Contacts
• H01H 59/00 - Electrostatic relaysElectro-adhesion relays
• H01H 9/54 - Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
• H01H 47/02 - Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
• H01H 71/00 - Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups

Abstract

A connection arrangement for a printed circuit board, PCB, implemented current sensor is provided. Vias at an outer circumference of the measurement coil are positioned at different radial distances, allowing the start and end of the measurement coils to be positioned closer to one another. The coupling of the coils to a circuit is provided using connection conductors provided on a first layer and a second layer, with the connection conductor substantially aligned in the same plane.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 15/18 - Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers

Abstract

Aspects of the disclosure relate to an electronic device package. The electronic device package can include a laminate substrate. The electronic device package can include connection pads disposed on the laminate substrate and along a perimeter of the electronic device package. Connection pads that are along a first side of the laminate substrate can have a first orientation that is different than a second orientation of connection pads that are along a second side of the laminate substrate. The first side can be adjacent to the second side. Each of connection pads can have a minimum size for Kelvin sensing in a process technology for manufacturing the electronic device package. The electronic device package can include a die enclosed within a packaging structure.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 23/498 - Leads on insulating substrates

Abstract

Technologies are provided for vital sign monitoring using accelerometer signals. The accelerometer signals may be obtained from a wearable device in contact with a subject being monitored. In some aspects, magnitude of the acceleration signals permits obtaining robust determination of a vital sign, such as heart rate or respiration rate, of the subject.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/11 - Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb
• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons

Abstract

Technologies are provided for detection of a subject in a bed or another type of furniture where a subject could lay down or rest. Some aspects of the detection of the subject include determining waveform features of magnitude of accelerometer signals, and applying a predictive model to those features. An example of the predictive model includes a decision tree.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons
• A61B 5/0205 - Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
• A61B 5/08 - Measuring devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
• A61B 5/11 - Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb

Abstract

A solid state switch, comprising a first metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) comprising: a drain terminal, a source terminal, and a gate terminal. The MOSFET is configured to be switched between an on-state and an off-state. The solid state switch also comprises a second MOSFET in series with the first MOSFET and a buffer with an output terminal and an input terminal. The second MOSFET has a gate terminal, a drain terminal, and a source terminal. The drain terminal of the first MOSFET is connected to the source terminal of the second MOSFET. The input terminal is coupled to the drain terminal of the second MOSFET. At least one of: the first MOSFET has an isolation terminal and the output terminal of the buffer is coupled to the isolation terminal of the first MOSFET; and, the second MOSFET has an isolation terminal and the output terminal of the buffer is coupled to the isolation terminal of the second MOSFET.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/687 - Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and -breaking characterised by the use of specified components by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors

Abstract

A new MOS based switch for use in/with high voltage precision instruments is provided. The switch can enable leakage compensation. The switch can comprise a MOS device and a compensation circuit coupled to the MOS device to replicate and compensate for the MOS device leakage, such that the switch appears not to leak current. The compensation circuit may comprise a sense device which acts as a scaled replica of the MOS device being compensated. The sense device's leakage current can then be measured, reproduced at the scale factor, and injected back to the drain terminal of the MOS device.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/16 - Modifications for eliminating interference voltages or currents
• H03K 17/14 - Modifications for compensating variations of physical values, e.g. of temperature

Abstract

Technologies are provided for out-of-cabin voice control of functions of a parked vehicle. In some aspects, the technologies include an electronic device that can transition, in response to a first presence signal from a power-off state to a power-on state while a vehicle is parked, wherein the device is integrated into the vehicle. The electronic device also can determine, in response to a second presence signal, that an entity is within a defined range from the vehicle and approaching the vehicle. The electronic device can further receive, from a microphone integrated into the vehicle, an audio signal representative of speech. The electronic device can determine, using the audio signal, that a defined command is present in the speech. The electronic device can then cause an actor device to perform an operation corresponding to the command. Performing the operation causes a change in a state of the vehicle.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60R 16/037 - Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided forArrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric for occupant comfort
• B60Q 1/50 - Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating other intentions or conditions, e.g. request for waiting or overtaking

Abstract

Technologies are provided for contactless vital sign monitoring using accelerometer signals. The accelerometer signals may correspond to respective measurement channels in an inertial device. In some aspects, instead of using accelerometer signals from individual measurement channels to determine estimate of a vital sign, magnitude of accelerometer signals arising from multiple measurement channels can be used. Such a magnitude permits obtaining robust determination of vital signs, such as heart rate and respiration rate.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/11 - Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb
• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes Identification of persons

Abstract

The disclosed technology generally relates to lithographically defined conductive lines for integrated circuit devices formed by plating, and more particularly to conductive lines shaped to reduce the magnitude of electric field in the electric field distributions around conductive lines of integrated and monolithic transformers and isolators.

IPC Classes  ?

• H10D 1/20 - Inductors
• H01F 27/28 - CoilsWindingsConductive connections
• H01F 27/34 - Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
• H01F 41/04 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformersApparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils or magnets for manufacturing coils

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to assigning one or more functions to one or more haptic control units. An indication of a requested machine control (MC) operation determined based on processing, using speech recognition, one or more voice commands received via one or more microphones can be received from a voice recognition system. One or more functions associated with the MC operation can be assigned, via a MC system to one or more haptic control devices and based on the requested MC operation.

IPC Classes  ?

• G10L 17/22 - Interactive proceduresMan-machine interfaces
• G06F 3/0484 - Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] for the control of specific functions or operations, e.g. selecting or manipulating an object, an image or a displayed text element, setting a parameter value or selecting a range
• G06F 3/16 - Sound inputSound output
• G10L 17/02 - Preprocessing operations, e.g. segment selectionPattern representation or modelling, e.g. based on linear discriminant analysis [LDA] or principal componentsFeature selection or extraction

Abstract

A new method and circuit arrangement for operating an electric motor, such as a stepper motor, in a control loop for preventing motor stall, the electric motor comprising at least a first motor coil and a second motor coil, the method comprising: operating the electric motor at a velocity equal to the target velocity; receiving a load value associated with an electric motor load; and determining whether the load value is greater than a load value threshold. Based on a determination that the load value is greater than the load value threshold decreasing the velocity of the electric motor to a velocity less than the target velocity.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02P 8/36 - Protection against faults, e.g. against overheating or step-outIndicating faults
• H02P 8/16 - Reducing energy dissipated or supplied

Abstract

In an aspect, a communication method is provided. The method includes configuring a header field of an information structure to control at least one of an execution of at least one command specified in the information structure and a delivery of a response to at least one of the execution of the at least one command and a receipt of the information structure. The method further includes transmitting a message including the header field.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 69/324 - Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the data link layer [OSI layer 2], e.g. HDLC

Abstract

There is provided a current sensor comprising a first measurement coil and a second measurement coil. The current sensor comprises a substrate comprising a first layer, a second layer, a third layer and a fourth layer, with a first measurement coil provided on the first layer and the third layer of the substrate and a second measurement coil, the second measurement coil provided on the second layer and the fourth layer of the substrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 15/18 - Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
• G01R 19/00 - Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
• H01F 5/00 - Coils

Abstract

In an aspect, a communication method is provided. The method includes configuring a header of an information structure to control at least one of an execution of at least one command specified in the information structure and a delivery of a response to at least one of the execution of the at least one command and a receipt of the information structure. The method further includes transmitting a message including the header field.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 69/22 - Parsing or analysis of headers
• H04W 28/06 - Optimising, e.g. header compression, information sizing

Abstract

In an aspect, a communication method is provided. The method includes receiving a message including a header field of an information structure configured with one or more headers to control at least one of an execution of at least one command specified in the information structure or a delivery of a response to at least one of the execution of the at least one command or a receipt of the information structure.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 28/06 - Optimising, e.g. header compression, information sizing
• H04L 69/22 - Parsing or analysis of headers

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a signal measurement system, a controller and a method for digitally converting an input signal. The signal measurement system comprises an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) configured to receive the input signal and generate a plurality digital samples of the input signal. The signal measurement system also comprises a controller configured to control the number of digital conversions of the input signal performed by the ADC per unit time, based on at least one of a characteristic of the input signal and/or a digitally determined characteristic of the input signal, wherein the digitally determined characteristic of the input signal is based on one or more previous digital samples of the input signal generated by the ADC.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03M 1/12 - Analogue/digital converters

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a method of controlling a digital-to-analog converter, DAC, system. The DAC system includes a plurality of DAC cores connected in parallel with the outputs of the DAC cores coupled so as to provide a combined analog output. Each DAC core receives a digital signal which is a modified version of a digital input provided to the DAC system. By providing modified digital signals to the DAC cores and using a plurality of DAC cores, the monotonicity of the DAC system may be improved.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03M 1/70 - Automatic control for modifying converter range

Abstract

Aspects of this disclosure relate to a circularly polarized antenna element and a feeding network coupled to circularly polarized antenna element. The feeding network can sequentially rotate a radio frequency signal. The feeding network includes a first delay line and a second delay line, where the first delay line and the second delay line are in different layers that are stacked with each other.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01Q 9/04 - Resonant antennas

Abstract

There is provided a method of detecting a fault along a cable or transmission line. In the method, the following steps are performed: obtaining an echo response of the cable or transmission line using time domain reflectometry, TDR, identifying a plurality of reflections in the echo response, generating a representation of the plurality of reflections, normalising one of the representation or a threshold, and determining a fault condition based on the normalised representation. By doing this, the faults can be accurately determined in cables of different lengths.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/11 - Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks using pulse-reflection methods
• G01R 31/08 - Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to dynamic direction switching for bi-directional in car communication based on talker row identification. In an aspect, a method of in-vehicle communication includes performing cross-correlation on audio signals received from a plurality of microphones in a plurality of seat rows of a vehicle to determine a seat row of the plurality of seat rows from which speech is originating from a loudest talker from among one or more talkers. In an aspect, the method further includes muting a first set of one or more loudspeakers in the seat row of the loudest talker. In an aspect, the method also includes stopping operation of one or more adaptive filters on one or more of the speech signals corresponding to one or more feedback paths originating from the one or more loudspeakers that are muted.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04W 4/48 - Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for in-vehicle communication

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure include a method, a switch, and/or a computer readable medium for analyzing a window of samples at an expected position of a plurality of input edges of a plurality of input waveforms, detecting the plurality of input edges, measuring a displacement of each input edge, with respect to a previous position, of the plurality of input edges, generating a value of the displacement of each input edge, incrementing a corresponding counter value of a plurality of accumulator values in response to each value of the displacement of a corresponding accumulator of the plurality of accumulators, normalizing the plurality of accumulator values, generating the plurality of accumulator values, summing the plurality of accumulator values output by the plurality of accumulators to generate an accumulated jitter value, and sending jitter result information based on the accumulated jitter value.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/317 - Testing of digital circuits

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a digital-to-analog converter comprising an impedance network and a transfer function modification circuit. The transfer function modification circuit comprises a DAC and a demultiplexer. The demultiplexer may be used to selectively connect the output of the DAC to different respective nodes of the impedance network, allowing positive or negative currents to be injected into the node and modify the transfer function. By using a demultiplexer to selectively couple to different nodes, the node into which the current is injected may be modified post-manufacture, allowing transfer function modification.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03M 1/10 - Calibration or testing

Abstract

Systems and methods for glucose device batch analyses. An example method includes obtaining analysis datasets reflecting manufacturing information associated with medical devices included in a device batch, the manufacturing data measuring information associated with individual manufacturing steps, and with the analysis datasets being formatted for input into a machine learning model, and with unique identifying information associated with the medical devices being used to aggregate analysis datasets specific to the medical devices. The analysis datasets are provided to the machine learning model, with the machine learning model being trained to output performance information for individual medical devices indicating whether they are in releasable condition. The machine learning model was trained based on ground truth associated with manufactured devices, and the ground truth was derived based on test information associated with the manufactured devices. An interactive user interface is generated which presents summary information associated with the performance information.

IPC Classes  ?

• G16H 40/40 - ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilitiesICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the management of medical equipment or devices, e.g. scheduling maintenance or upgrades

Abstract

Apparatus and methods for high voltage tolerant bootstrap switches are disclosed. In certain embodiments, an integrated circuit (IC) includes an input node that receives an input voltage, an output node, and a switch connected between the input node and the output node. The switch includes a first field-effect transistor (FET) and a second FET electrically connected in series between the input node and the output node. The switch is configurable between an OFF state in which a gate of the first FET is controlled with a first voltage and a gate of the second FET is controlled with a second voltage, and an ON state in which the gates of the first FET and the second FET are controlled with a voltage that tracks the input voltage.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/06 - Modifications for ensuring a fully conducting state
• H03K 17/082 - Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit
• H03K 17/10 - Modifications for increasing the maximum permissible switched voltage

Abstract

A new field-effect transistor (FET) based switch for use in/with high voltage precision instruments is provided. The switch can enable leakage compensation. The switch can comprise a FET device and a compensation circuit coupled to the FET device to replicate and compensate for the FET device leakage, such that the switch appears not to leak current. The compensation circuit may comprise a sense device which acts as a scaled replica of the FET device being compensated. The sense device's leakage current can then be measured, reproduced at the scale factor, and injected back to the drain terminal of the FET device.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/14 - Modifications for compensating variations of physical values, e.g. of temperature

Abstract

A communication system includes a plurality of nodes connected in a daisy-chain via respective bus links configured for full duplex, synchronized communication. A node is configured to communicate a mailbox message with one or more connected nodes, the mailbox message having a flexible message size or flexible destination defined based on register access. A node includes a mailbox register configured to store a message header and one or more words of a current message for one or both of a transmit direction or a receive direction. The node includes a message buffer configured to store one or more messages including the current message for transmission or reception. The node includes a tunnel controller configured to communicate the current message from or to the message buffer as one or more mailbox packets with one or more of the connected nodes that participate in a mailbox tunnel over the daisy-chain.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 5/14 - Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex
• H04L 1/00 - Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received

Abstract

A multisensory device includes two or more sensors in contact with a channel, each sensor configured to output a corresponding level of an analyte in a sample in the channel. The multisensory device includes an analyzer having a memory and one or more processors. The analyzer is configured to receive a first input signal from a first sensor indicating a level of a first analyte and receive a second input signal from a second sensor indicating a level of a second analyte. The analyzer estimates the level of the second analyte based on a trace of the first input signal. The analyzer determines whether the level of the second analyte measured by the second sensor is comparable to the estimated level of the second analyte. The analyzer outputs an indication of the level of each of the first analyte and the second analyte.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/145 - Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value

Abstract

A battery management system may include a host microcontroller, operated in accordance with a first clock signal. The battery management system may also include a first sensor, which may be configured to measure a first value of a first group of one or more cells in a battery system. A first AFE circuit may include a first pulse-width modulation (PWM) controller, which may be configured to at least one of enable or power on the first sensor while a first PWM signal from the first PWM controller is in a first state, and may be configured to at least one of disable or power off the first sensor while the first PWM signal is in a second state. The first AFE circuit may also include a first storage register, which may be configured to receive a representation of the first value measured while the first sensor is on and enabled.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
• G01K 7/22 - Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat using resistive elements the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor
• H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Abstract

A monitoring circuit includes a digital to analog converter (DAC) circuit; a reference circuit configured to produce multiple reference levels; a resistive divider circuit including a first terminal coupled to the output of the DAC circuit, a second terminal coupled to the reference circuit, and an output terminal to provide a measurement voltage; and a measurement circuit. The measurement circuit is configured to apply a first reference level to the second terminal of the resistive divider circuit and measure a first measurement voltage at the output terminal of the resistive divider circuit; apply a second reference level to the second terminal of the resistive divider circuit and measure a second measurement voltage at the output terminal of the resistive divider circuit; and calculate the DAC circuit output level using the first and second reference levels, and the first and second measurement voltages.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 19/257 - Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques using analogue/digital converters of the type with comparison of different reference values with the value of voltage or current, e.g. using step-by-step method
• G01R 15/04 - Voltage dividers
• G01R 19/25 - Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques

Abstract

Dual-polarized antennas with ring balun excitation are disclosed. In certain embodiments, a dual-polarized antenna includes an antenna element and a ring balun for providing excitation of the antenna element. The ring balun includes conductive segments electrically connected in a ring, a first input port that receives a first single-ended RF signal of a first signal polarization, and a second input port that receives a second single-ended RF signal of a second signal polarization. The ring balun further includes a first output port and a second output port that collectively provide a first differential RF signal of the first signal polarization to the antenna element, and a third output port and a fourth output port that collectively provide a second differential RF signal of the second signal polarization to the antenna element.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01Q 9/04 - Resonant antennas
• H01P 1/00 - Auxiliary devices

Abstract

Apparatus and methods digital audio bus reliability are disclosed. In certain embodiments, a digital audio system includes a plurality of audio devices connected by a first digital audio chain in a clockwise direction and a second digital audio chain in a counterclockwise direction. The first digital audio chain and the second digital audio chain run concurrently, and a controller selects which audio chain to operate at a given time for audio connectivity. For example, the controller can initially select the first digital audio chain to provide audio connectivity, but transition selection from the first digital audio chain to the second digital audio chain in response to detecting a node failure in the first digital audio chain. Thus, the system is tolerant to node failures while maintaining system connectivity.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 3/16 - Sound inputSound output

Abstract

An electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) monitoring system for determining a parameter value corresponding to a cell arrangement including two or more electrochemical cells can include an EIS measurement system, which can be configured to determine a representation of respective temperature values corresponding to at least two of the two or more electrochemical cells using an EIS measurement of corresponding ones of the at least two electrochemical cells. The EIS monitoring system can also include an assessment circuit, which can be configured to compare the representations of respective temperature values to representations of respective reference temperature values. The assessment circuit can also be configured to determine a parameter value corresponding to at least one of the cell arrangement or one or more of the respective ones of the at least two electrochemical cells using a result of the comparison.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/389 - Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
• G01R 31/367 - Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
• G01R 31/3835 - Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements
• G01R 31/392 - Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
• G01R 31/396 - Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery

Abstract

Semiconductor devices can include a reservoir of ions and one or more channel regions. Additionally, the semiconductor devices can include one or more diffusion control devices that control the flow of ions from the reservoir to the one or more channel regions. The presence of ions in the one or more channel regions can be detected and used to determine that the semiconductor devices have been subjected to one or more events.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 27/085 - Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind including field-effect components only
• G01K 7/01 - Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat using semiconducting elements having PN junctions

Abstract

An adaptive tracking clamp acting as an extra regulation loop that limits excursions, such as at a transition from one regulation loop to another. The adaptive tracking clamp is dynamically positioned relative to the level of the regulation loop in control. In case of fast transient events, the loop that is initially in control will quickly raise the output demand but in a first time get limited by the adaptive tracking clamp level; in a second time the adaptive tracking clamp algorithm incrementally increases the output demand until handing off control to the other regulation loop.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Abstract

An amplifier circuit (300) includes a first operational amplifier (301) and a two-terminal synthesis resistor (304) connected across a non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier (301) and an output of the first operational amplifier (301). The two-terminal synthesis resistor (304) includes a current mirror having a first transistor (103A), a second transistor (103B), and a common node connected to the first transistor (103A), the second transistor (103B), and an output of a second operational amplifier (101). The two-terminal synthesis resistor (304) includes a resistor (102) connected between a first terminal and an inverting input of the second operational amplifier (101), and the first transistor (103A). The two-terminal synthesis resistor (304) includes a second terminal connected to the second transistor (103B), and a non-inverting input of the second operational amplifier (101).

IPC Classes  ?

• H03F 3/45 - Differential amplifiers
• H03H 11/02 - Multiple-port networks
• H03H 11/12 - Frequency selective two-port networks using amplifiers with feedback
• H03H 11/46 - One-port networks
• H03H 11/24 - Frequency-independent attenuators
• H03F 1/26 - Modifications of amplifiers to reduce influence of noise generated by amplifying elements

Abstract

A fluid sensor system and method of operating the fluid sensor system is disclosure herein. A fluid sensor device of the fluid sensor system can be connected with a treatment system in-line. The fluid sensor system may receive a second solution different from a first calibration fluid to use as a calibration fluid to reduce costs associated with storing calibration fluid inside the fluid sensor device prior to use with the treatment system.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/026 - Measuring blood flow

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure provide methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that, individually or in combination, permit determining core body temperature (CBT) of a subject.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01K 13/20 - Clinical contact thermometers for use with humans or animals
• G01K 3/08 - Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature giving differences of valuesThermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature giving differentiated values
• G01K 7/04 - Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples the object to be measured not forming one of the thermoelectric materials

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure provide a magnetoresistive track for use in a magnetic multi-turn sensor, the magnetoresistive track comprising one or more looped sections. The looped sections can include a crossing where the magnetoresistive track crosses itself at substantially 90 degrees. In some cases, the looped portions may be further provided with syphon structures to prevent domain walls propagating around the magnetoresistive track as an external magnetic field rotates from becoming stuck at the crossing or propagating in the wrong direction at the crossing.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01D 5/16 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying resistance

Abstract

Systems, devices, and methods related to temperature sensors for electronic devices are provided. An example temperature sensor device includes analog temperature sensor circuitry to generate a plurality of voltages indicative of a temperature; an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) disposed downstream of the analog temperature sensing circuitry; switched-capacitor amplifier circuitry disposed before the ADC, the switched-capacitor amplifier circuitry comprising a single-ended amplifier to amplify the plurality of voltages with respect to a common voltage; a first switch coupled between the analog temperature sensor circuitry and the switched-capacitor amplifier circuitry to provide a sampling phase and an integration phase; and digital calculation circuitry to calculate a temperature value based on the plurality of amplified voltages.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01K 15/00 - Testing or calibrating of thermometers
• G01K 7/01 - Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat using semiconducting elements having PN junctions

Abstract

Testing of a battery module can be conducted using monitoring electronics attached to the battery module. Stimulus can be applied to the battery module and removed. After removal of the stimulus, the monitoring electronics can collect signals from the monitoring electronics reflecting parameters of the battery module as it relaxes back to a non-stimulated state. The stimulus can be provided by test equipment or by components of a system in which the battery module, having attached monitoring electronics, is implemented. The monitoring electronics attached to the battery module can provide autonomous recording of signals associated with the battery module that can provide data regarding the status of the battery module or one or more batteries contained in the battery module.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/385 - Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
• G01R 31/36 - Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
• G01R 31/396 - Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
• H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
• H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte

Abstract

An amplifier circuit includes a first operational amplifier (op amp) and a two-terminal synthesis resistor connected across a non-inverting input of the first op amp and an output of the first op amp. The two-terminal synthesis resistor includes a second op amp. The two-terminal synthesis resistor includes a current mirror having a first transistor, a second transistor, and a common node connected to the first transistor, the second transistor, and an output of the second op amp. The two-terminal synthesis resistor includes a resistor having a first side configured to be a first terminal of the two-terminal synthesis resistor, and a second side connected to an inverting input of the second op amp, and the first transistor. The two-terminal synthesis resistor includes a second terminal of the two-terminal synthesis resistor connected to the second transistor, and a non-inverting input of the second op amp.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03F 3/45 - Differential amplifiers
• H03F 1/34 - Negative-feedback-circuit arrangements with or without positive feedback

Abstract

A two-terminal resistor includes an operational amplifier (op amp) and also a current mirror having a first transistor, a second transistor, and a common node connected to the first transistor, the second transistor, and an output of the op amp. The two-terminal resistor also includes a resistor having a first side configured to be a first terminal of the two-terminal resistor, and a second side connected to an inverting input of the op amp, the first transistor. The two-terminal resistor additionally includes a second terminal of the two-terminal resistor connected to the second transistor, and a non-inverting input of the op amp.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/687 - Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and -breaking characterised by the use of specified components by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
• H03F 3/45 - Differential amplifiers

Abstract

Techniques to improve the immunity of wireless battery systems by transmitting heavily-coded signals, e.g., using multiple chips of a sequence for each bit of information, to trade data rate for interference or jamming immunity as a response once a noisy environment is identified. The techniques provide the system with a noise immunity operating mode (or high-immunity transmit and receive mode) that can improve resilience to interference or jamming by reducing the data rate. One option for reducing the data rate is by slowing down the transmission bit rate to reduce the occupied transmit bandwidth to minimize the probability of collisions with interfering signals. Another option is though digital coding methods using Forward Error Correction such as Convolutional Coding, Reed-Solomon Coding and Turbo coding. A third option is with RF spread spectrum techniques such as Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) or Frequency Hopped Spread Spectrum (FHSS).

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 1/00 - Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
• G01R 31/396 - Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery

Abstract

An integrated ion-sensitive probe is provided. In an example, an ion-sensitive probe can include a semiconductor substrate and a first passive electrode attached to the semiconductor substrate. The first passive electrode can be configured to contact a solution and to provide a first electrical voltage as function of a concentration of an ion within the solution. In certain examples, a passive reference electrode can be co-located on the semiconductor substrate. In some examples, processing electronics can be integrated on the semiconductor substrate.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 27/333 - Ion-selective electrodes or membranes
• G01N 27/414 - Ion-sensitive or chemical field-effect transistors, i.e. ISFETS or CHEMFETS
• G01N 27/416 - Systems

Abstract

A load switch system and method of manufacture can include: configuring a power switch to complete or interrupt a power circuit; coupling a low current comparator for comparing the current to a low current threshold and outputting a first current threshold signal; coupling a filter to the low current comparator, the filter outputs the first current threshold signal after a predefined length of time; coupling a high current comparator to the current sensor, the high current comparator compares the current to a high current threshold and outputs a second current threshold signal; and coupling a control logic to the low current comparator and to the high current comparator, the control logic opens the power switch and interrupts the power circuit based on the second current threshold signal being output by the high current comparator or the first current threshold signal being output by the filter.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 17/082 - Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit

Abstract

A current sensor assembly is provided which includes a first substrate or PCB including two current measurement coils and a second substrate or PCB which includes at least one current measurement coils. The arrangement across multiple substrates or PCBs allows current carrying conductors to be positioned in close proximity, reducing the overall size of the assembly.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 15/18 - Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
• G01R 19/00 - Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof

Abstract

There is provided a method for controlling a digital-to-analog converter, DAC. The DAC receives a digital input comprising a plurality of bits including a first segment comprising X most significant bits, MSBs, and a second segment comprising Y least significant bits, LSBs. The DAC modifies the connection of a plurality of current sources, changing the current source coupling between LSB and MSB transconductance stages. By doing this, the monotonicity of the system can be improved in a compact DAC.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03M 1/68 - Digital/analogue converters with conversions of different sensitivity, i.e. one conversion relating to the more significant digital bits and another conversion to the less significant bits

Abstract

A signal is obtained which comprises voltage measurements obtained from the calibration fluid and voltage measurements obtained from the unknown fluid. Diffusion of the measurements during the transition from measuring the calibration fluid to measuring the unknown fluid is modelled using a first model. The drift of the measurements is modelled from the calibration fluid measurements using a second model. The first model identifies a value and corresponding time point at which the diffusion process has settled. A calibration voltage value is estimated at the corresponding time point and the difference between the identified value and the calibration electrical potential value is calculated to determine a voltage difference. This voltage difference is normalized by adjusting the difference by a shift amount determined in relation to the calibration electrical potential value and a predetermined voltage value. The normalized voltage is then used to determine the ion concentration of the unknown fluid.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 27/333 - Ion-selective electrodes or membranes

Abstract

Predicted observations within a first window are forecast by a predictor and a residual signal is calculated based on a difference between predicted observations and true observations. A gradient of the residual signal is determined indicative of a degree of divergence. When the gradient is outside a predetermined range, the predictor is retrained. Based on further predicted observations forecast by the predictor, a confidence envelope for a second window is generated and, using the confidence envelope, it is determined whether an outlier portion exists within the second window.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 11/30 - Monitoring
• G06F 11/34 - Recording or statistical evaluation of computer activity, e.g. of down time, of input/output operation

Abstract

Examples determine a reference complex impedance of a reference cell over a range of one or more frequencies. Examples determine an in situ complex impedance, over the range of one or more frequencies, of each of one or more cells of a battery with measurement equipment, the battery and the measurement equipment in situ in an end use system, the measurement equipment including sense conductor(s) coupled to each cell and force conductor(s) coupled to the battery. For each cell of the battery, examples determine a model complex impedance that, when in combination with the impedance of the cell, accounts at least in part for a difference between the in situ impedance of the cell and the reference impedance, the examples then adjust the in situ impedance as a function of the model impedance. Examples control operation of the battery based on the adjusted impedance of each of the particular cells.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 31/389 - Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
• G01R 31/367 - Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
• G01R 31/396 - Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
• H01M 10/42 - Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
• H01M 10/44 - Methods for charging or discharging
• H01M 10/48 - Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a sensor assembly for measuring a property of a sample. The sensing assembly comprises first and second dielectric layers. The first dielectric layer provides a well or aperture which is associated with an electrode. The second dielectric layer is provided on the first dielectric layer and provides an aperture fluidly connected to the well or aperture in the first dielectric layer.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 27/327 - Biochemical electrodes
• G01N 33/543 - ImmunoassayBiospecific binding assayMaterials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals

Abstract

A new method and circuit arrangement for operating a stepper motor in a voltage-based operating mode with a control loop over the whole operating range of speeds of a stepper motor. The method/circuit arrangement includes calculating a load angle of the stepper motor. The load angle is then used to calculate a voltage-based control signal suitable for operating a known motor driver circuit, such as a chopper, to drive the stepper motor coils. This enables improved control over the stepper motor which can improve control stability.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02P 8/22 - Control of step sizeIntermediate stepping, e.g. microstepping
• H02P 8/18 - Shaping of pulses, e.g. to reduce torque ripple

Abstract

Aspects of this disclosure relate to multi-turn magnetic sensing systems and related methods. A system can include a first multi-turn magnetic sensor and a second multi-turn magnetic sensor, in which domain walls propagate in an opposite direction in the second multi-turn magnetic sensor relative to the first multi-turn magnetic sensor in response to a magnetic field. A decoder can output a turn count that is based on states of the first and second multi-turn sensors. The first and second multi-turn sensors can have a reset state that corresponds to the turn count having a value between minimum and maximum values of a counting range relative to the reset state.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01D 5/14 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage

Abstract

Example implementations include a method, apparatus and computer-readable medium for indicating reliability of an artificial intelligence (AI) model, comprising configuring an AI model to generate an output vector representing output values for a first period of time based on an input vector. The implementations further include receiving a plurality of output vectors from the AI model. The implementations further include generating a matrix comprising the plurality of output vectors ordered sequentially such that each output vector of the plurality of output vectors is placed in a unique row or column of the matrix. The implementations further include extracting and filtering values in a cross section of the matrix. The implementations further include calculating a variance of the filtered values. The implementations further include transmitting an indication that the plurality of output vectors is unreliable in response to determining that the variance is greater than a variance threshold.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06N 20/00 - Machine learning

Abstract

A biosensor structure may include a well structure having a bottom surface, a side surface, and an open top. A biosensor structure may include a first membrane having a top surface and a bottom surface. A biosensor structure may include an electrode configured to sense an analyte in a solution in the well structure, wherein the electrode is disposed on the bottom surface of the well structure, wherein the bottom surface of the membrane is disposed on the electrode and on the bottom surface of the well structure, and wherein at least one of bottom surface and the side surface comprises a textured feature.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01L 3/00 - Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glasswareDroppers
• G01N 27/414 - Ion-sensitive or chemical field-effect transistors, i.e. ISFETS or CHEMFETS
• G01N 27/416 - Systems

Abstract

A biosensor structure may include a well structure comprising a first well and a second well, wherein a geometry of the well structure impacts where a solution dispensed into the well structure is located. A biosensor structure may include an electrode configured to sense an analyte in the solution, the electrode disposed at a bottom of the well structure. A biosensor structure may include a membrane positioned on the electrode and on at least part of a bottom surface of the well structure.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01L 3/00 - Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glasswareDroppers

Abstract

Aspects of this disclosure relate to multi-turn magnetic sensing systems and methods with rollover counting. In response to a multi-turn magnetic sensor reaching a maximum value, the multi-turn magnetic sensor can be reset and an index value can be updated. A decoder can determine a turn count based on the index value and the state of the multi-turn magnetic sensor. The turn count can have a magnitude greater than a number of turns of the multi-turn magnetic sensor.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01D 5/245 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trainsMechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing memberMeans for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for convertingTransducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means generating pulses or pulse trains using a variable number of pulses in a train

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a buffer amplifier arrangement that seeks to find a solution to varying load configurations, output modes, modulator modes etc on an output of the buffer and the corresponding varying currents or voltages that appear at transistor devices throughout the circuit. To address this issue a current source that supplies an output of the buffer is divided into a fixed current source which supplies the current for the transistors of the buffer, and a variable current source that provides current for the variable load. The variable current source is a programmable current source that can be varied based on the associated modulator mode bus.

IPC Classes  ?

• G05F 1/56 - Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices

Abstract

Aspects of this disclosure relate to an antenna array. An antenna array may include a first circularly polarized dipole antenna that includes a first pair of conductive elements. The antenna array may include a second circularly polarized dipole antenna that includes a second pair conductive elements, the second pair of conductive elements being geometrically orthogonal to the first pair of conductive elements. The antenna array may include a beamformer integrated circuit configured to drive the second circularly polarized dipole antenna such that the second circularly polarized dipole antenna transmits a first radio frequency signal while the first circularly polarized dipole antenna receives a second radio frequency signal. The first radio frequency signal can have a different polarization and be in a different frequency band than the second radio frequency signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01Q 5/48 - Combinations of two or more dipole type antennas
• H01Q 25/00 - Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns

Abstract

A new method and circuit arrangement for operating a stepper motor in a control loop. Load values associated with a mechanical load of a stepper motor in operation are filtered to generate stall detection values. A step value is determined based on the difference between two stall detection values. The step value is compared to a threshold, and the stepper motor is determined to be in a stall condition based on the comparison between the step value to the threshold. This arrangement enables improved detection of stepper motor stall conditions when the stepper motor is operated at low velocities.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02P 8/38 - Protection against faults, e.g. against overheating or step-outIndicating faults the fault being step-out
• H02P 8/22 - Control of step sizeIntermediate stepping, e.g. microstepping

Abstract

Aspects of this disclosure relate to an antenna cell. An antenna cell may include a first circularly polarized dipole antenna that includes a first pair of differently fed conductive elements, the first circularly polarized dipole antenna being right hand circularly polarized. The antenna cell may include a second circularly polarized dipole antenna that includes a second pair of differently fed conductive elements, the second circularly polarized dipole antenna being left hand circularly polarized. The first circularly polarized dipole antenna and the second circularly polarized dipole antenna may be geometrically orthogonal and configured to radiate concurrently. The first circularly polarized dipole antenna may be positioned adjacent to the second circularly polarized dipole antenna.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01Q 21/26 - Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre

Abstract

Apparatuses including spark gap structures for electrical overstress (EOS) monitoring or protection, and associated methods, are disclosed. In an aspect, a vertical spark gap device includes a substrate having a horizontal main surface and a plurality of pairs of conductive layers over the horizontal main surface. Different ones of the pairs are separated by different vertical distances such that each pair serves as an arcing electrode pair and different ones of the arcing electrode pairs are configured to arc discharge at different voltages.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02H 9/06 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using spark-gap arresters
• H01T 1/02 - Means for extinguishing arc
• H01T 2/02 - Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means comprising a trigger electrode or an auxiliary spark gap

Abstract

There is provided an inverter system comprising a DC input for connecting to a DC power source. The inverter system comprises a plurality of transistors that are controllable to convert a DC voltage to an AC voltage. The inverter system further comprises a DC link capacitor coupled to the DC input of the inverter system and a discharge controller configured to cause a discharge of energy from the DC link capacitor when the DC power source is disconnected from the DC input of the inverter system. The discharge controller is configured to cause the discharge of energy from the DC link capacitor by turning on at least a first transistor and a second transistor so as to cause a controlled shoot-through of the inverter system. At least one of the first transistor and the second transistor are controlled by the discharge controller to operate in a linear region of operation.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• H02M 7/537 - Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters

Abstract

Methods and devices for detecting a property of a fluid inside a cartridge is disclosed herein. An electronic reader can be configured to electrically connect to a cartridge and detect the property of the fluid inline. The electronic reader can measure a voltage of the fluid inside the cartridge to determine an impedance of the fluid at a first time point. The electronic reader can use the determined impedance of the fluid and an impedance of a calibration resistor to get a first impedance ratio at the first time point. The electronic reader can then compare the first impedance ratio with a second impedance ratio determined at a second time point to evaluate whether the fluid inside the cartridge is still effective for its intended purpose.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 27/02 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance

Abstract

Semiconductor devices can include features to apply electrical stimulation to liquids in which material is present and to measure the response to the electrical stimulation.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 33/483 - Physical analysis of biological material
• B01L 3/00 - Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glasswareDroppers
• H01L 21/311 - Etching the insulating layers

Abstract

A power management device includes a first input port configured to be electrically coupled to an energy source, a second input port configured to be electrically coupled to a capacitor, a first output port configured to be electrically coupled to a first load, and a direct-current-to-direct-current (DC-to-DC) converter. The DC-to-DC converter is configured to (a) charge the capacitor from energy of the energy source and (b) provide energy to the first output port at least partially using energy stored in the capacitor. The energy source includes, for example, a battery.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 7/34 - Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Abstract

The present disclosure provides systems and methods for signal processing and detection for pacemaker pulses. Systems and methods can activate an analog-to-digital converter based on detecting a leading edge of a pacemaker pulse. Such use of the analog-to-digital converter may allow a system to operate at a lower power and with more specificity than certain other systems.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/37 - MonitoringProtecting

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a circuit for setting an amplifier supply voltage for an amplifier. The circuit comprises a switch circuit having a first transistor arranged to switchably couple a first supply voltage to a supply terminal of the amplifier and a second transistor arranged to switchably couple a second supply voltage to the supply terminal of the amplifier, wherein a magnitude of the first supply voltage is greater than a magnitude of the second supply voltage. The circuit further comprises a control circuit arranged to control the switch circuit to set an amplifier supply voltage at the supply terminal of the amplifier based on an output signal of the amplifier. The control circuit is configured to set the amplifier supply voltage to substantially equal the second supply voltage when a magnitude of a tracking voltage is less than the magnitude of the second supply voltage and set the amplifier supply voltage to track the amplifier output signal when the magnitude of the tracking voltage is greater than the magnitude of the second supply voltage.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03F 1/02 - Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
• H03F 3/24 - Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers of transmitter output stages