Abstract

Process for the production of carbon monoxide, said process comprising: · providing an ammonia stream and a carbon dioxide stream, · performing an endothermic cracking reaction of said ammonia stream for producing a cracked gas (5) comprising hydrogen and nitrogen, · performing a reverse water gas shift reaction with said hydrogen from the cracked gas and said carbon dioxide stream as reactants, for producing a product gas (6) comprising carbon monoxide and water.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 3/04 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
• C01B 32/40 - Carbon monoxide
• C01B 3/16 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide using catalysts

Abstract

A unit for separating a mixture of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane by cryogenic distillation including a distillation column having a condenser and a reboiler, a refrigeration cycle having a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, means for sending the gas mixture to be cooled in the first heat exchanger, means for separating the gas mixture cooled in the first heat exchanger and for sending a fluid produced by the separation to the distillation column, a thermally insulated enclosure containing the first and second heat exchangers, means for sending a cycle gas from the distillation column to the second heat exchanger and then to the first heat exchanger to be heated, means for sending a cycle gas liquefied in the reboiler to be cooled in the second heat exchanger, and means for sending the cycle gas liquefied and cooled in the second heat exchanger to the condenser.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream

Abstract

The present application discloses a furnace for melting particulate materials configured with a furnace chamber, a feed hopper, a protrusion and at least one burner. The particulate materials fall along the protrusion into a melting tank, and flue gas generated by the burner flows upwardly, thereby preheating the particulate materials. The process of utilizing the flue gas to preheat the particulate materials begins with the flue gas in the high temperature section. The efficiency of preheating the particulate materials with the flue gas greatly improves and the heat loss reduces.

IPC Classes  ?

• F27B 3/18 - Arrangement of devices for charging
• C03B 5/04 - Melting in furnacesFurnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in tank furnaces
• F27B 3/26 - Arrangements of heat-exchange apparatus
• F27D 17/18 - Arrangements for using waste heat for preheating solid materials
• F27D 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass

Abstract

23233 and other materials. The chemicals have the common structure: in which R1and R3are Hydrogens, R2133 alkyl groups, and M is Yttrium or Scandium.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07F 5/00 - Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
• C23C 16/40 - Oxides

Abstract

The invention relates to a structure of an electrolyzer or redox battery, having a first frame and a second frame which are intended to be stacked in an electrolyzer or in a redox battery and are each provided with a distribution face for distributing a first electrolyte, respectively a second electrolyte, and with a bearing face.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 13/02 - DiaphragmsSpacing elements characterised by shape or form
• C25B 9/75 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having bipolar electrodes
• C25B 9/77 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having diaphragms
• H01M 8/0273 - Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
• H01M 8/18 - Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
• H01M 8/242 - Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes comprising framed electrodes or intermediary frame-like gaskets

Abstract

A method for inhibiting or preventing polymerization of a polymerization composition comprises: adding at least one inhibitor(s) to the polymerization composition to stabilize and inhibit the polymerization of the polymerization composition, wherein the polymerization composition contains disilacyclobutane monomers, wherein the inhibitor is selected from amine compounds, quaternary ammonium salts or metal chelating agents.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08K 5/19 - Quaternary ammonium compounds
• C08G 77/50 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in which at least two but not all the silicon atoms are connected by linkages other than oxygen atoms by carbon linkages

Abstract

A preparation process for preparing powder from a first material and a second material, having a step of melting the first and second materials using an electric arc, a step of spraying the first and second molten materials in such a way as to form droplets, a step of cooling the droplets using a carrier gas so as to form solid particles, and a step of separating the solid particles from the carrier gas and collecting the solid particles so as to form the powder, the electric current applied to form the electric arc being a short circuit current.

IPC Classes  ?

• B22F 9/08 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying

Abstract

A preparation process for preparing powder from a first material and a second material, having: a step of dispensing wires made of the materials by means of a feeder and an additional feeder, a melting step of melting the wires, a spraying step of spraying in such a way as to form droplets, a cooling step of cooling the droplets in such a way as to form solid particles, a separation and collection step of separating the solid particles from the carrier gas and collecting the solid particles so as to form the powder, and, during the dispensing step, the wires are firstly pushed by the feeder, then pulled by the additional feeder, and then pushed by the additional feeder towards said electric arc.

IPC Classes  ?

• B22F 9/08 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereofApparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying

Abstract

A method for forming a high aspect ratio (HAR) structure during a HAR etch process, the method comprises sequentially or simultaneously exposing the substrate to a vapor of an etchant including one or more hydrofluorocarbon or fluorocarbon compounds or one or more hydrogen-containing molecules and an additive compound, the substrate having a film disposed thereon and a patterned mask layer disposed on the film; activating a plasma to produce activated one or more hydrofluorocarbon or fluorocarbon compounds or activated one or more hydrogen-containing molecules and an activated additive compound; and allowing an etching reaction to proceed between the film uncovered by the patterned mask layer and the activated hydrofluorocarbon or fluorocarbon compounds or the activated one or more hydrogen-containing molecules and the activated additive compound to selectively etch the film from the patterned mask layer, thereby forming the HAR patterned structure.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 21/311 - Etching the insulating layers
• H01L 21/3205 - Deposition of non-insulating-, e.g. conductive- or resistive-, layers, on insulating layersAfter-treatment of these layers

Abstract

The present invention provides a cryogenic air separation equipment and a cryogenic air separation method. The cryogenic air separation equipment comprises a main air compressor, a single expansion turbine and a turbocharger driven thereby, a main heat exchanger and a rectification column system. The cryogenic air separation method is applicable to circumstances where a liquid yield ratio is 10%-20% and a first product pressure after internal compression is not higher than 15 bara. Feed air is compressed in the main air compressor to become a first pressure air stream, which is at least 6 bara higher than an operating pressure of a high-pressure column; a first part of the first pressure air stream is compressed in the turbocharger to form a second pressure air stream, which is completely cooled in the main heat exchanger, depressurized by throttling, and then input into the rectification column system. A second part of the first pressure air stream is partially cooled in the main heat exchanger, then introduced into the expansion turbine where it is depressurized by expansion, and then input into the rectification column system. The air separation equipment of the present invention does not include an air booster driven by externally supplied energy.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air

Abstract

The invention relates to a facility and a method for liquefying hydrogen, comprising a hydrogen supply circuit (2) feeding a cryogenic storage unit (8) provided with a draw-off line (11) for supplying hydrogen to a tank (12), wherein the facility (1) comprises a set of one or more heat exchangers (3, 4, 5) exchanging heat with the supply circuit (2) and with a cooling device comprising a cryogenic refrigerator (7) having a refrigeration cycle in which a cycle gas circulates through a cycle circuit (70), wherein the cycle gas comprises a mixture comprising at least 50 mol% of helium and less than 50 mol% of hydrogen, wherein the cycle circuit (70) of the refrigerator (7) comprises a compression member (17) having at least one centrifugal compressor, a cooling member (3, 4), an expansion member (27, 37) and a reheating member (5, 4, 3), wherein the facility (1) comprises at least one vaporisation-gas recovery line (9, 10) for recovering gaseous hydrogen, the vaporisation gas recovery line (9, 10) being connected to the cycle circuit (70) so as to reinject this vaporisation gas into the cycle circuit, and wherein the facility (1) further comprises a transfer line (13) connecting the cycle circuit (70) to the supply circuit (2) and configured so as to allow the cycle gas to be transferred into the supply circuit (2).

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures

Abstract

The invention relates to a cycle-gas refrigerator, a plant and a method comprising, in a cycle circuit (60), a cycle gas comprising a first light component consisting of hydrogen and/or helium and at least one heavy component having a molar mass greater than 15 g/mol, the cycle circuit (60) comprising a turbine (26) coupled to a compressor (16) on a common shaft (20), the refrigerator comprising a casing (19) housing a first chamber (150) in which the compressor (16) is mounted, a second chamber (24) in which the turbine (26) is mounted, and a third intermediate chamber (18) in which the shaft (20) is mounted, the first chamber (150) being connected to a first circuit containing unpurified cycle gas at a first pressure, the second chamber (24) being connected to a second circuit containing purified cycle gas at a second pressure and at a cryogenic temperature, the third chamber (24) being connected to a third circuit containing unpurified cycle gas at a third pressure, the first pressure being higher than the second pressure, the third pressure being lower than the second pressure, the refrigerator (6) comprising a sealing cavity (11) located between the third chamber and the second chamber (24) and connected to a fourth supply circuit (111) containing purified cycle gas, the fourth supply circuit (111) being configured to supply purified cycle gas at ambient temperature and at a fourth regulated pressure in order to promote the migration of the sealing gas to the second chamber (24) or to the third chamber.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures

Abstract

33-CO-X, Y-(C=O)-X, R1xyzz-COF wherein X and Y each is a halogen selected from F, Cl, Br, I; R1 is a fluorocarbon, hydrofluorocarbon, or hydrocarbon; R' and R" each is a fluorocarbon, hydrofluorocarbon, bromocarbon, hydrobromocarbon, chlorocarbon, hydrochlorocarbonor hydrocarbon, iodocarbon, hydroiodocarbon, into the reaction chamber; and x, y and z are integers, into the reaction chamber, converting the etching gas to a plasma, and allowing an etching reaction to proceed between the plasma and the one or more silicon-containing films so that the one or more silicon-containing films are selectively etched versus the patterned mask layer to form the aperture.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 21/3065 - Plasma etchingReactive-ion etching

Abstract

A cryogenic etching method for forming an aperture by selectively etching one or more silicon-containing films in a substrate using a patterned mask layer deposited on top of the one or more silicon-containing films, the method comprising: mounting the substrate in a reaction chamber, cooling the substrate to a temperature below approximately 25°C, introducing an etching gas having a general formula SOmXn and R- SOmXn, where m and n are integers, X is a halogen and R is a fluorocarbon, hydrofluorocarbon, or hydrocarbon, into the reaction chamber, converting the etching gas to a plasma, and allowing an etching reaction to proceed between the plasma and the one or more silicon-containing films so that the one or more silicon-containing films are selectively etched versus the patterned mask layer to form the aperture.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 21/3065 - Plasma etchingReactive-ion etching

Abstract

Two streams containing CO2 with different purities are separated in a common distillation column, without having been compressed or purified of water together.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream

Abstract

The present invention provides a cryogenic air separation equipment and a cryogenic air separation method. The cryogenic air separation equipment comprises a main air compressor, a single expansion turbine and a turbocharger driven thereby, a main heat exchanger and a rectification column system. The cryogenic air separation method is applicable to circumstances where a liquid yield ratio is 20%-30% and a first product pressure after internal compression is not higher than 6 bara. Feed air is compressed in the main air compressor to become a first pressure air stream, which is at least 6 bara higher than an operating pressure of a high-pressure column; a first part of the first pressure air stream is compressed in the turbocharger to form a second pressure air stream, which is partially cooled in the main heat exchanger, then introduced into the expansion turbine where it is depressurized by expansion, and then input into the rectification column system. A second part of the first pressure air stream is completely cooled in the main heat exchanger, depressurized by throttling, and then input into the rectification column system. The air separation equipment of the present invention does not include an air booster driven by externally supplied energy.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air

Abstract

t)Pdispdisp Tdispdisp Ptanktank k vv v ) caused by the supply hose (6); - comparing (S3) the measured flow rate datum (I) and the estimated flow rate datum (II) at the time (t); and - generating (S4) a signal representative of the reliability of the estimated flow rate datum (I).

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 13/02 - Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
• G01F 1/00 - Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
• F17C 5/06 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases for filling with compressed gases
• G01F 1/34 - Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure
• G01F 15/02 - Compensating or correcting for variations in pressure, density, or temperature

Abstract

Disclosed are a method and an installation for discontinuously counting objects on a moving vehicle, the vehicle moving in a continuous flow along a straight or substantially straight course, for example for counting gas cylinders loaded on a moving vehicle, for example a vehicle entering and/or leaving an industrial site.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06V 20/54 - Surveillance or monitoring of activities, e.g. for recognising suspicious objects of traffic, e.g. cars on the road, trains or boats
• G06V 10/10 - Image acquisition
• G06V 10/764 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using classification, e.g. of video objects
• G06V 10/82 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using neural networks
• G07C 9/30 - Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass

Abstract

The invention relates to an installation for storing and dispensing cryogenic fluid, for example liquid hydrogen, comprising a cryogenic tank provided with a withdrawal line configured to make it possible to withdraw liquid from the tank, and a device for pressurizing the tank comprising an injection line connected to the tank and configured to make it possible to inject fluid into the tank in order to pressurize the tank, for example in order to maintain the pressure in the tank during the withdrawal of liquid, the pressurization device comprising an ejector positioned on the injection line, the ejector having a first inlet for driving gas connected to a pressurized gas source of the installation, and a second intake inlet connected to another source of fluid, preferably liquefied, the outlet of the ejector being connected to the tank.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 9/00 - Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure

Abstract

A Metal-containing film forming composition comprising a precursor having the formula A Metal-containing film forming composition comprising a precursor having the formula A Metal-containing film forming composition comprising a precursor having the formula wherein, M=V or Nb or Ta; R1-R3=independently H or C1-C10 alkyl group; L=Substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienes, cyclohexadienes, cycloheptadienes, cyclooctadienes, fluorenes, indenes, fused ring systems, propene, butadiene, pentadienes, hexadienes, heptadienes; m=0 or 1.

IPC Classes  ?

• C23C 16/455 - Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into the reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in the reaction chamber
• H01M 4/02 - Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
• H01M 4/13 - Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulatorsProcesses of manufacture thereof
• H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers

Abstract

The invention relates to a melting method, in which method unmelted charges form a bank 30 resting on one side against the upstream wall 11 of the furnace 10 and having, on the opposite side, a free surface 40; the unmelted charges are heated by means of at least three flames 51, 52, 53 at a regulated power and momentum and are directed towards the free surface 40 so as to define impact zones 41, 42, 43 on this free surface 40 over at least three different distances I1, I2, I3 of one of the side walls 13, 13′ of the furnace 10.

IPC Classes  ?

• F27B 3/20 - Arrangements of heating devices
• C03B 5/235 - Heating the glass
• F27B 3/10 - Details, accessories or equipment, e.g. dust-collectors, specially adapted for hearth-type furnaces
• F27B 3/12 - Working chambers or casingsSupports therefor
• F27B 3/28 - Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or like devices

Abstract

6122eq100 > 30.100 > 30.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 21/3065 - Plasma etchingReactive-ion etching

Abstract

The melting method, wherein the unmelted charges form a pile 30 having a free surface 40 that is inclined relative to the vertical in the furnace 10; the unmelted charges are heated by means of flames 51, 52, 53 at a regulated power and momentum and are directed towards the free surface 40 in at least two directions α1, α2, α3 forming various acute angles θ1, θ2, θ3 with the horizontal plane so that the flames 51, 52, 53 define impact zones 41, 42, 43 on the free surface 40 that are located over at least two different vertical levels h1, h2, h3.

IPC Classes  ?

• F27D 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
• C03B 3/00 - Charging the melting furnaces
• C03B 5/235 - Heating the glass
• C03B 5/24 - Automatically regulating the melting process
• F27D 19/00 - Arrangement of controlling devices

Abstract

The melting method, wherein the unmelted charges form a pile 30 having a free surface 40 that is inclined relative to the vertical in the furnace 10; the unmelted charges are heated by means of flames 51, 52, 53 at a regulated power and momentum and are directed towards the free surface 40 in at least two directions α1, α2, α3 forming various acute angles θ1, θ2, θ3 with the horizontal plane so that the flames 51, 52, 53 define impact zones 41, 42, 43 on the free surface 40 that are located over at least two different vertical levels h1, h2, h3.

IPC Classes  ?

• F27D 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
• C03B 3/00 - Charging the melting furnaces
• C03B 5/235 - Heating the glass
• C03B 5/24 - Automatically regulating the melting process
• F27D 19/00 - Arrangement of controlling devices

Abstract

The invention relates to a refrigerator comprising, in a cycle circuit (60), a compression system (16), a cooling system (3, 4) and an expansion system (26) with at least one turbine (26) coupled to a compressor (26) of the refrigerator on either side of a common shaft (20), wherein a casing (19) houses a first chamber (15) for the compressor (16), a second, intermediate chamber for the shaft (20) mounted on a set of bearings, and a third chamber (24) for the turbine (26), wherein the refrigerator (6) comprises a set of pressurised fluid circuits (11, 14) in communication with at least two cavities (14, 18) located in the second chamber in order to attenuate or cancel the axial force on the shaft (20), wherein the end of the shaft (20) carrying the compressor (16) is provided with a recess (30) in which one end of a fixed support (130) is received, wherein the shaft (20) is rotatably mounted relative to the support (130), wherein the recess (30) and the end of the support (130) together define, with the bottom of the recess (30), a volume separate from the first chamber (15), configured to maintain in the recess (30) a pressure that is distinct from and lower than the pressure of the first chamber (15), and wherein the shaft comprises an inner channel (120) having a first end opening into the recess (30) and a second end opening into a first cavity (11) at an offset position along the shaft (20).

IPC Classes  ?

• F04D 17/10 - Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
• F04D 25/02 - Units comprising pumps and their driving means
• F04D 29/051 - Axial thrust balancing
• F04D 29/053 - Shafts
• F04D 29/057 - Bearings hydrostaticBearings hydrodynamic
• F04D 29/10 - Shaft sealings
• F04D 29/28 - Rotors specially adapted for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps
• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen

Goods & Services

Medical apparatus; medical apparatus for chronic condition treatment; medical respiratory-assistance apparatus; medical apparatus for oxygen therapy, for airway ventilation, for sleep disorder diagnosis and care; medical oxygen-concentration apparatus for delivering oxygen for medical use; medical furniture and bedding; medical devices for home care and assistance. Home health care services; oxygen therapy, aerosol therapy, respiratory failure care, ventilation, treatment of sleep disorders and other chronic illnesses (medical services); patient monitoring services (medical services); rental of medical apparatus; information and advisory services in the medical field.

Abstract

A method for filling a cryogenic liquid receiving tank, the method using a movable source tank and a towing vehicle, the method being carried out in a distribution site comprising a first zone for parking the source tanks and the towing vehicle, and a second zone, distinct from the first zone, for filling the receiving tank, the first zone comprising a depressurization zone and a waiting zone distinct from the depressurization zone, the method comprising the steps of moving the source tank, transferring a quantity of cryogenic liquid from the source tank to the receiving tank and, preferably, simultaneously transferring a quantity of boil-off gas present in the receiving tank to the source tank, moving the source tank to the first zone, verifying at least one parking condition of the source tank.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 5/02 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases for filling with liquefied gases
• B64F 1/28 - Liquid-handling installations specially adapted for fuelling stationary aircraft

Abstract

The invention relates to a reactor, in particular an entrained flow gasifier, for producing synthesis gas by partial oxidation of a carbonaceous feedstock. The reactor comprises a reaction space, a cooling space and a gas duct fluidically connecting the reaction space and the cooling space. The gas duct has a gas inlet region adjacent to the reaction space and a gas outlet region adjacent to the cooling space. The feeding of cooling medium is effected via the gas duct. According to the invention it is provided that in the flow direction of the synthesis gas to be cooled the gas duct has a first region and a second region connected thereto, wherein the first region has a constant diameter and the second region has a diverging diameter in the flow direction of the synthesis gas to be cooled.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 3/24 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
• C10J 3/48 - ApparatusPlants

Abstract

A process for producing liquid nitrogen utilizes a distillation system comprising higher- pressure and lower-pressure columns, a first condenser in the lower-pressure column bottom, and a second condenser disposed on top of the lower-pressure column. Feed air is compressed in a main air compressor above 15 bar(a) and cooled in a main heat exchanger. A first cooled air portion is expanded in a cold turbine before separation in the higher-pressure column. A second cooled air portion is liquefied before entering the higher-pressure column. Liquid nitrogen streams condensed by both the first and second condensers are combined to yield the final product. Another feature involves warming and expanding a lost air stream (e.g., from the cold turbine outlet and/or higher-pressure column) to below 2 bar(a) in a warm turbine.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air

Abstract

Method for filling a plurality of cryogenic liquid receiving tanks, using a plurality of mobile source tanks, the method comprising the following steps: transferring a first quantity of cryogenic liquid from a first source tank to a first receiving tank, and simultaneous transfer of a first quantity of vaporization gas present in the first receiving tank to the first source tank; checking at least the distribution condition that the pressure in the first source tank is lower than a predetermined pressure threshold; and if the distribution condition is met, transfer of a second quantity of cryogenic liquid from the first source tank to a second receiving tank, and simultaneous transfer of a second quantity of vaporization gas present in the second receiving tank to the first source tank.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 5/00 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases
• F17C 5/02 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases for filling with liquefied gases

Abstract

A device for separating a gas flow and a liquid electrolyte flow from a biphasic flow including a separator vessel oriented along a horizontal axis, a hold-up plate, and multiple separator plates. Wherein the separator vessel includes a biphasic flow inlet and a product gas outlet and a liquid electrolyte outlet, wherein the hold-up plate and the multiple separator plates are arranged in the separator vessel, and wherein the hold-up plate is arranged downstream of the multiple separator plates. Wherein the hold-up plate is arranged in a hold-up plane, and the multiple separator plates are arranged in respective separator planes, wherein the multiple separator planes are distanced axially from each other along the horizontal axis.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 17/02 - Separation of non-miscible liquids

Abstract

A device for preparing high-purity hydrogen and/or high-purity oxygen by electrolysis of water, wherein the hydrogen and/or oxygen produced has an argon content of less than 5 ppb by weight. Including, in sequence, a desalination water treatment system, a desalination water storage tank, a degasser feed water pump, a desalinated and degassed water heat exchanger, a degasser for degassing desalinated water, an electrolyzer feed water pump, and an electrolyzer. The degasser is configured to produce water that has an argon content of less than 10 ppb by weight after being degassed. The electrolyzer is an alkaline electrolyzer, and includes an electrolytic cell, and anode lye separator, a cathode lye separator, and a lye cooler. The electrolyzer also includes a lye heat exchanger and a hot lye recirculation stream. Also involved is a method of preparing high-purity hydrogen and/or oxygen by using the device.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 9/67 - Heating or cooling means

Abstract

A process for producing liquid nitrogen utilizes a distillation system comprising higher-pressure and lower-pressure columns, a first condenser in the lower-pressure column bottom, and a second condenser disposed on top of the lower-pressure column. Feed air is compressed in a main air compressor above 15 bar(a) and cooled in a main heat exchanger. A first cooled air portion is expanded in a cold turbine before separation in the higher-pressure column. A second cooled air portion is liquefied before entering the higher-pressure column. Liquid nitrogen streams condensed by both the first and second condensers are combined to yield the final product. Another feature involves warming and expanding a lost air stream (e.g., from the cold turbine outlet and/or higher-pressure column) to below 2 bar(a) in a warm turbine.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air

Abstract

The invention relates to a refrigeration installation and method comprising a cycle-fluid refrigerator (3) comprising a cycle circuit (13) comprising a compression device (23), an expansion device (33), the installation (1) comprising a buffer store (5) for the cycle fluid and a transfer circuit arrangement (6, 7) connecting the cycle circuit (13) to the buffer store (5), the transfer circuit arrangement (6, 7) being configured to allow at least part of the cycle fluid to be purged from the cycle circuit (13) into the buffer store (5) and to allow cycle fluid in the buffer store (5) to return to the cycle circuit (13), the installation (1) further comprising a pressurization line (8) configured to allow a pressurized gas to be injected into the buffer store (5) in order to cause the cycle fluid to move into the cycle circuit (13), the pressurization line (8) being connected to the cycle circuit (13) in order to use the cycle fluid of the cycle circuit (13) as pressurized gas to be injected into the cycle fluid buffer store.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures

Abstract

The invention relates to a process (100) for producing a hydrogen product (81) from an endothermic cracking reaction of an ammonia feed (4), comprising the following steps: - in said cracking unit, performing (S20) the endothermic cracking reaction of the ammonia feed, thereby producing a cracked gas (80) containing hydrogen (81), nitrogen (82) and unconverted ammonia (83), - in said cracking unit, combusting the separated unconverted ammonia in a combustion step (S40) to provide heat to the endothermic cracking reaction, - reducing (S50) a cracking temperature (Tc) of the endothermic cracking reaction, thus increasing the amount of unconverted ammonia in the cracked gas and to be combusted to provide heat to the endothermic cracking reaction, - controlling (S60) the flow of the ammonia feed directed to the cracking unit to produce a desired amount of hydrogen product (Psp).

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 3/04 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
• C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the low-temperature separation of a gas containing CO2 in order to produce a CO2-rich fluid, in which method a gas containing CO2 and at least one component lighter than CO2 is compressed in a compressor comprising at least two stages, the gas being cooled downstream of at least one of the stages in a cooler and by exchanging heat with air and then being cooled in a first heat exchanger, the gas cooled in the first heat exchanger is separated at low temperature by partial condensation and/or distillation in order to produce a fluid rich in CO2 and depleted in the component lighter than CO2 and a gas depleted in CO2 and enriched in the component lighter than CO2. The gas depleted in CO2 is first heated in the first heat exchanger and then in the cooler before being expanded in a turbine.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/00 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols
• B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the low-temperature separation of a feed gas containing CO2, at least one component lighter than CO2 and at least one component heavier than CO2, wherein, in order to produce a CO2-rich fluid, the feed gas is compressed, the compressed gas being cooled in a first heat exchanger, the gas cooled in the first heat exchanger is separated at low temperature in a first distillation column to produce a liquid that is enriched in CO2 and depleted in the at least one component lighter than CO2 and a gas that is depleted in CO2 and enriched in the at least one component lighter than CO2, the gas depleted in CO2 is heated in the first heat exchanger, a first part of the liquid enriched in CO2 is expanded and sent to a second distillation column in liquid form, a second part of the liquid enriched in CO2 is vaporized in the first heat exchanger then sent in gas form into the tank of the second distillation column, a liquid depleted in CO2 and enriched in the at least one heavier component is withdrawn from the second column, and a gas enriched in CO2 and depleted in the at least one heavier component is withdrawn at the top of the second column as product.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream

Abstract

In a method for separating a mixture containing CO2, at least one component lighter than CO2 and mercury, the mixture (11) is cooled in a heat exchanger (43) and is partially condensed forming a first two-phase fluid, the first two-phase fluid exits the heat exchanger at a first temperature between -25°C and -38°C and is separated in a first phase separator (12) forming a gas (14) that is enriched in the at least one lighter component relative to the mixture and a liquid bath that is enriched in CO2 and in mercury relative to the mixture, a first liquid (16) is drawn off by means of a pipe that is in communication with the upper portion of the liquid bath and a flow of a second liquid (18) corresponding to less than 1% of the liquid generated by the partial condensation of the mixture is drawn off at most once per year.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/00 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols
• F25J 3/06 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
• B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
• F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
• F25J 3/08 - Separating gaseous impurities from gases or gaseous mixtures
• B01D 3/14 - Fractional distillation
• F25J 5/00 - Arrangements of cold-exchangers or cold-accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen

Abstract

The invention relates to a plant and method for producing deoxygenated biomethane (10) having an oxygen concentration below a determined threshold, in particular below 100 ppm, from biogas (1), the plant comprising:—a membrane-permeation treatment unit (5) which is able to produce biomethane (9) and is configured to produce biomethane having a molar concentration below a first determined threshold, for example less than 5% CO2 and less than 1% O2, in particular less than 3% CO2 and less than 0.7% O2, from a stream of biogas having a CO2 concentration above a second threshold, for example from 15 to 60% carbon dioxide,—a compressor (2) configured to compress the biogas (1), and—at least one catalytic reaction unit (3) comprising at least one bed of at least one oxidation catalyst configured to deoxygenate the biogas (1) and/or the biomethane (9) and/or the partially purified biogas (7).

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
• B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
• B01D 53/86 - Catalytic processes

Abstract

In a process for the production of an ammonia synthesis gas, a gas mixture containing hydrogen, argon, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and methane originates from a reformer in combination with a combustion unit, the mixture being treated to remove the carbon dioxide which it contains before being cooled and separated in a cryogenic separation unit in a thermally insulated chamber, the mixture being separated to provide a liquid which is vaporized and sent as fuel to the combustion unit having been purified of carbon monoxide and/or methane.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream

Abstract

The invention relates to a plant for liquefying a feed fluid at a cryogenic temperature, comprising: a feed circuit (2); a set of heat exchanger(s) (3, 4) exchanging heat with the feed circuit; a device (6) for cooling the set of heat exchanger(s) and comprising a refrigerator which employs cycle gas comprising hydrogen and/or helium and at least one additional constituent having a molar mass greater than 15 g/mol, the cycle circuit (60) comprising at least one unit (7) for purifying the cycle gas by adsorption arranged downstream of a compressor of the compression system (16) and upstream of an expansion unit of the expansion system (26), the plant (1) comprising at least one regeneration pipe (8) for the cycle-gas purifying unit (7), the regeneration pipe being configured to inject a stream of regeneration gas into the cycle-gas purifying unit (7) during a regeneration phase, the at least one regeneration pipe (8) having an upstream end connected to the feed circuit (2) and/or to the cycle circuit (60) and a downstream end connected to an inlet of the cycle-gas purifying unit (7).

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures

Abstract

A method for separating a feedstock gas by pressure swing adsorption which produces a first gaseous fraction enriched in a first component and a second gaseous fraction enriched in a second component, the separation unit comprising a plurality of adsorbers, the pressure cycle comprising a plurality of steps including at least one adsorption step and at least one rinsing step in which a rinsing fluid enriched in a first component flows through at least one adsorber so as to flush at least some of the second component out of the adsorber, the pressure cycle having a phase time corresponding to the duration of the pressure cycle divided by the number of adsorbers.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/047 - Pressure swing adsorption
• B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents

Abstract

A method for purifying a TSA unit operating according to a cycle comprising an elution-cooling step, said elution-cooling step comprising at least the following two sub-steps: - a first elution-cooling sub-step (C) with, at the adsorber outlet, extraction of a purge gas from the TSA unit as long as the impurity content in said purge gas remains above a predetermined threshold, - a second elution-cooling sub-step (D) using purified product gas, with recycling of the purge gas at the adsorber outlet to at least one other adsorber in adsorption step, the impurity content in said recycled gas then being below the predetermined threshold.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents

Abstract

The invention relates to a plant and a method for producing liquefied hydrogen comprising a hydrogen gas generator, a liquefier, a feed line connecting an outlet of the hydrogen gas generator to an inlet of the liquefier, the liquefier comprising a refrigerator having a cycle circuit to cool the hydrogen gas from the feed line, the plant comprising a buffer store configured to store the compressed hydrogen gas between the hydrogen gas generator and the liquefier, the liquefier being configured to supply a cooling power and/or the liquefaction capacity that can be modified between at least two levels, the plant comprising a means for determining the fill level of the buffer store, the plant being configured to modify the cooling power and/or liquefaction capacity of the liquefier as a function of the fill level of the buffer store determined by the determining means.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures

Abstract

A device (1.1, 1.2) with a reactor vessel (2), a tube bundle (3) of multiple tubes (4), and at least one support plate (5), wherein the tube bundle (3) is disposed in the reactor vessel (2), wherein the support plate (5) is disposed in the reactor vessel (2) transversely to a longitudinal axis (6) of the reactor vessel (2), wherein each tube (4) of the tube bundle (3) is routed through a respective tube opening (7) of the support plate (5), wherein the support plate (5) supports the tubes (4) of the tube bundle (3) in the tube openings (7) transversely to the longitudinal direction of the tubes (4), wherein the support plate (5) has fluid-exchange cutouts (8) between the tube openings (7).

IPC Classes  ?

• G21C 13/02 - Pressure vesselsContainment vesselsContainment in general Details
• C07C 29/152 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by the reactor used

Abstract

A process for cryogenic air separation and liquefaction, including purifying and compressing an inlet air stream, thereby producing a compressed inlet air stream, dividing the compressed inlet air stream into an ASU portion and a liquefaction portion, introducing the ASU portion into an air separation unit, thereby producing a gaseous oxygen steam and a gaseous nitrogen stream, and introducing the liquefaction portion, the gaseous oxygen steam and the gaseous nitrogen stream into a liquefaction unit, thereby producing a liquid nitrogen stream and a liquid oxygen stream. Wherein, the air separation unit is located more than 200 meters from the liquefaction unit, and there is no compression driven by external energy within 200 meters of the liquefaction unit.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air

Abstract

The invention relates to a double-walled storage tank for liquefied gas, in particular cryogenic fluid, having an inner wall and an outer wall which is arranged around the inner wall with a thermally insulated gap, wherein the inner wall is suspended in the outer wall at at least one of its ends via a tensioned-cable(s) suspension system between the inner wall and the outer wall, the suspension system having the one same cable passing back and forth more than once between the inner wall and the outer wall via respective guide passages, the cable forming a plurality of connections between the inner wall and the outer wall in different directions, one end of the cable being secured to one of the walls and configured to place the cable under tension.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 3/00 - Vessels not under pressure

Abstract

A device (1.1; 1.2) with a reactor vessel (2), a tube bundle (3) of multiple tubes (4), a first support plate (5) and a second support plate (6), wherein the tube bundle (3) is located in the reactor vessel (2), wherein the tube bundle (3) comprises multiple first tube groups (7) and multiple second tube groups (8), wherein the first support plate (5) and the second support plate (6) are disposed in the reactor vessel (2) transversely to a longitudinal axis (9) of the reactor vessel (2), wherein the first support plate (5) is offset from the second support plate (6) along the longitudinal axis (9) of the reactor vessel (2).

IPC Classes  ?

• F22B 37/20 - Supporting arrangements, e.g. for securing water-tube sets
• F22B 1/02 - Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers

Abstract

A device (1.1;1.2) with a reactor vessel (2), a tube bundle (3) of multiple tubes (4), a first support plate (5) and a second support plate (6), wherein the tube bundle (3) is disposed in the reactor vessel (2), wherein the tube bundle (3) comprises a first tube group (7), a second tube group (8) and a third tube group (9), wherein the first support plate (5) and the second support plate (6) are disposed in the reactor vessel (2) transversely to a longitudinal axis (10) of the reactor vessel (2), wherein each of the tubes (4) is made to pass through the first support plate (5) and the second support plate (6).

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 1/12 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of carbon from carbon dioxide with hydrogen
• F28D 1/04 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
• F28F 9/013 - Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies

Abstract

In a method for separating a mixture of CO2, NOx and at least one component that is lighter than CO2 by partial condensation, the mixture is cooled and sent into the bottom of a first washing column (K1) fed at the top with a liquid (43, 45) containing at least 90 mol% of CO2, a gas (5) depleted in NOx and enriched in CO2 exits the top of the first washing column and a liquid (3) enriched in NO2 and depleted in CO2 exits at the bottom of the first washing column, the NOx-depleted gas is separated by partial condensation and optionally by distillation forming at least one CO2-enriched liquid (33, 38) and at least one CO2-depleted gas (37), at least one portion (39) of one of the at least one CO2-enriched liquid is vaporized, compressed, cooled and sent in the form of gas into the bottom of a second washing column (K3) fed at the top with a liquid (51) containing at least 90 mol% of CO2, a gas (41) depleted in NOx and enriched in CO2 exits the top of the second washing column and a liquid (43) enriched in NO2 and depleted in CO2 exits at the bottom of the second washing column.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/00 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols
• F25J 3/00 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
• B01D 3/00 - Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
• F25J 3/06 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
• F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
• F23J 15/04 - Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
• F23J 15/00 - Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes

Abstract

The disclosure describes a method of stabilizing a carbon supported noble metal catalyst by selective metal oxide deposition on the carbon support of the catalyst by a vapor deposition process. The method includes the flowing steps: a) Providing a carbon supported noble metal catalyst, b) Forming a blocking layer over an exposed surface of the noble metal on the catalyst, c) Exposing the catalyst to a gas containing metal organic compounds to absorb the compounds selectively to the carbon support, d) Exposing the catalyst to an oxidant to form a metal oxide on the catalyst carbon support, e) Repeating steps c) and d) sequentially for one to ten of cycles, preferably one to five cycles, f) Removing the blocking layer from the catalyst to re-expose the noble metal catalyst surface.

IPC Classes  ?

• C23C 16/455 - Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into the reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in the reaction chamber
• B01J 23/847 - Vanadium, niobium or tantalum
• B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation

Abstract

An electrolysis system (1) having: a first electrolysis cells unit (2) and a second electrolysis cells unit (3), each respectively having a first end plate (4), a second end plate (5) and a plurality of electrolysis cells (6) arranged adjacent to each other between the first end plate (4) and the second end plate (5), wherein each of the electrolysis cells (6) respectively has an anode space (13) with an anode (14), a cathode space (15) with a cathode (16) and a diaphragm (17) that separates the anode space (13) from the cathode space (15), and a first separator (18) that is connected fluidly to the first outlets (9) of both electrolysis cells units (2,3) and to the second outlets (10) of both electrolysis cells units (2,3), and that has a separator gas outlet (21) and a separator liquid outlet (22).

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 9/77 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having diaphragms
• C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• C25B 9/65 - Means for supplying currentElectrode connectionsElectric inter-cell connections
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes

Abstract

Assembly comprising a reactor, a waste heat boiler, an actuator, a shaft, a shaft sealing element, an axial bearing and a temperature control means, wherein the waste heat boiler is connected to the reactor, wherein the shaft, the shaft sealing element and the axial bearing are arranged on a common axis, wherein the waste heat boiler has an opening through which the shaft is passed and which is sealed by the shaft sealing element, wherein the actuator is arranged outside the waste heat boiler, wherein the temperature control means is arranged inside the waste heat boiler, wherein the actuator is coupled to the shaft at a first end and wherein the actuator is designed to effect rotational drive of the shaft, wherein the temperature control means is coupled to the shaft at a second end and is designed to be adjusted by rotational motion of the shaft, wherein the axial bearing is designed to counteract a motion of the shaft in the direction of the first end of the shaft.

IPC Classes  ?

• F22B 33/18 - Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
• F22B 1/18 - Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
• F22B 35/00 - Control systems for steam boilers

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for separating carbon dioxide from a flue gas stream by gas scrubbing with a liquid scrubbing agent containing at least one absorbent compound which is selective for carbon dioxide absorption. According to the invention, a carbon dioxide enriched scrubbing agent stream discharged from an absorption column is introduced into a partial regeneration column, and is contacted by means of a gaseous nonpolar stripping agent in countercurrent flow, to generate a partially regenerated scrubbing agent stream which is returned to the absorption column.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption

Abstract

Apparatus for the endothermic reaction of a gas feed, the apparatus comprising: a pre-heater arranged for pre-heating the gas feed, —at least one reactor tube, —a furnace arranged for the radiation and/or convection heating of said at least one reactor tube, said at least one reactor tube being at least partially filled with a catalyst material configured for promoting the endothermic reaction, said at least one reactor tube comprising a tube inlet for said pre-heated gas feed, —a main reaction tube portion extending within said furnace and a pre-reaction tube portion extending outside of the furnace, said pre-reaction tube portion being arranged between the tube inlet and the main reaction tube portion, wherein part of the catalyst material is extending within the pre-reaction tube portion.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 8/06 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactorsChemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the solid particles being arranged in tubes
• C01B 3/04 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
• C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and an installation for liquefying hydrogen, wherein a first gaseous hydrogen flow (1) is pre-cooled to a first temperature and then sent to a cooling chamber (8) where it is cooled to a second temperature lower than 40K, the cold for cooling the first hydrogen flow from the first temperature to the second temperature being produced exclusively by the expansion of a second hydrogen flow (2) by at least one expansion member (10) in the cooling chamber (8), the second gaseous hydrogen flow (2) at the first pressure being drawn from a pipe network (11, 3) for distributing hydrogen to at least one user (13) having at least one hydrogen pipe (3) at a pressure of between 50 and 200 bar, after its expansion in the at least one expansion member (10), the expanded second hydrogen flow (2) is at a second pressure level lower than the first pressure, at least a first fraction (122) of this second hydrogen flow (2) at the second pressure level being at least partially supplied to a pipe (3) of the network (11, 3) of pipes for distributing hydrogen to the at least one user (13) which is at a pressure level corresponding to the second pressure level.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus (2) for producing hydrogen, from a feedstock stream (3) comprising ammonia, traces of water and oil contaminants, said apparatus (2) comprising: - a vaporizer (4) comprising a vaporization chamber (6) configured to receive the feedstock stream (3) and produce a vaporized purified ammonia stream (7), said vaporization chamber (6) comprising a blowdown outlet (8) configured to discharge a blowdown stream (10) comprising the traces of water and oil contaminants from said vaporization chamber (6); - an ammonia cracking reactor (12) for performing an endothermic reaction of said vaporized purified ammonia stream (7), thereby producing said hydrogen; and - a fired equipment (14); wherein said blowdown outlet (8) is connected to the fired equipment (14) for providing the blowdown stream (10) as an ammonia fuel stream to the fired equipment (14).

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 3/04 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
• C01C 1/02 - Preparation or separation of ammonia

Abstract

The invention relates to a cryogenic fluid production facility, comprising: a circuit of gas to be cooled, an assembly of heat exchangers exchanging heat with the circuit of gas to be cooled, a cooling device arranged to cool the circuit of gas to be cooled by means of heat exchange with a heat exchanger, a bypass pipe for the gas to be cooled, arranged to divert the gas to be cooled from the circuit of gas to be cooled to a compression member which is arranged to compress the diverted gas to be cooled, a pipe for reinjecting the gas treated in this way, the reinjection pipe being arranged to reinject the gas treated in this way into the circuit of gas to be cooled, the facility being arranged so that at least 50% of the flow of gas to be cooled is diverted to the bypass pipe during a starting phase of the facility.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen

Abstract

The invention relates to a facility for producing a cryogenic fluid, the facility comprising: a circuit for gas to be cooled, having an upstream end intended to be connected to a source of gas to be cooled and a downstream end intended to be connected to a receiving system; a set of heat exchangers in thermal exchange with the circuit for gas to be cooled; a cooling circuit with a cooling gas cycle, arranged so as to cool the gas to be cooled via thermal exchange with one of the heat exchangers, wherein the cooling circuit comprises at least one cryogenic purifier arranged so as to purify at least the cooling gas; a pipe for conveying a vaporised gas mixed with impurities to the cooling circuit, wherein the cryogenic purifier comprises a purification vessel, and wherein a regeneration circuit is arranged so as to regenerate the purification tank.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for capturing CO2 from a mixture (1, 3) containing at least carbon dioxide, at least 1 mol%, or even at least 3 mol%, oxygen, and at least one hydrocarbon, in which method hydrocarbons are removed from the mixture by catalytic oxidation (CAT), upstream of the low-temperature separation, using the oxygen already present in the mixture.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/62 - Carbon oxides
• B01D 53/75 - Multi-step processes
• F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream

Abstract

The invention relates to a fuel cell assembly (26) comprising a first fuel cell plate (1) intended to come into contact with a membrane electrode assembly, the first plate (1) comprising a reactive face (11) that comprises a reactive zone (2), a clamping band (9), a thinned portion (3) and a peripheral sealing zone (12), wherein the reactive zone (2) comprises flow channels for a reactant, wherein the clamping band (9) is configured to at least partially surround the reactive zone (2) by being designed to clamp the membrane electrode assembly, wherein the peripheral sealing zone (12) is configured to surround the clamping band (9) by being designed to form, together with the membrane electrode assembly, a seal for the cell against the reactant, and wherein the thinned portion (3) is arranged between the peripheral sealing zone (12) and the clamping band (9).

IPC Classes  ?

• H01M 8/0247 - CollectorsSeparators, e.g. bipolar separatorsInterconnectors characterised by the form
• H01M 8/0267 - CollectorsSeparators, e.g. bipolar separatorsInterconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
• H01M 8/0273 - Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
• H01M 8/1004 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]

Goods & Services

(1) Appareils médicaux; appareils médicaux pour le traitement de pathologies chroniques; appareils médicaux d'assistance respiratoire; appareils médicaux pour l'oxygénothérapie, pour la ventilation des voies aériennes, pour le diagnostic et le soin des troubles du sommeil; appareils médicaux de concentration d'oxygène permettant de délivrer de l'oxygène à usage médical; meubles et literie médicaux; dispositifs médicaux d'assistance et de maintien à domicile. (1) Services de soins de santé à domicile; oxygénothérapie, aérosolthérapie, soins de l'insuffisance respiratoire, ventilation, soins des troubles du sommeil et d'autres pathologies chroniques (services médicaux); services de suivi de patients (services médicaux); location d'appareils médicaux; services d'information et de conseil dans le domaine médical.

Abstract

Process for producing biogas from a digestate obtained from a digester, said process comprising a step of recovering the digestate at the outlet of a digester, a post-digester or a storage tank; a step of separating the digestate into a solid digestate and a liquid digestate; a step of introducing the solid digestate into at least one closed tank; a step of anaerobic digestion in the tank with neither heating nor mixing; and a step of recovering the biogas at the tank outlet.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12P 5/02 - Preparation of hydrocarbons acyclic
• C02F 11/04 - Anaerobic treatmentProduction of methane by such processes
• C02F 11/12 - Treatment of sludgeDevices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
• C12M 1/00 - Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
• C12M 1/107 - Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology with means for collecting fermentation gases, e.g. methane

Abstract

Device for mixing a gas into a liquid, implementing a screw structure in a pipe in which the liquid is able to circulate, and also means for injecting the gas at one or more points into the pipe, characterized in that: the first zone encountered by the liquid has a screw portion within which the shaft is a pipe pierced with orifices, the liquid to be treated passing through the space inside the pipe surrounding the shaft, while the gas is distributed inside the shaft and discharges via the orifices into the liquid; the second zone encountered by the liquid situated downstream of the first zone is constituted by a screw portion of which the shaft is devoid of orifices.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01F 23/233 - Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements
• B01F 27/1143 - Helically shaped stirrers, i.e. stirrers comprising a helically shaped band or helically shaped band sections screw-shaped, e.g. worms

Abstract

A device for storing and supplying cryogenic fluid, in particular liquefied hydrogen, comprising a tank delimiting a fluid-storage volume, the tank comprising a set of plates intended to limit or guide the movement of fluid in the tank, the set of plates comprising a plurality of first plates spaced vertically and extending in a horizontal direction when the tank is in a use position, characterized in that the set of plates further comprises one or more second plates extending in a vertical direction when the tank is in a use position, and connected to the first plates, the device further comprising a withdrawal circuit comprising a liquid-withdrawal pipe having a first end connected to a lower portion of the tank and a second end intended to be connected to a member for receiving the fluid, the liquid-withdrawal pipe comprising a pump, the device further comprising a system for pressurizing the tank that comprises a fluid-pressurizing pipe connecting the lower and upper parts of the tank and provided with a fluid-heating member configured to tap off some liquid, beat it and reinject it into the tank.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 7/02 - Discharging liquefied gases
• F17C 13/00 - Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels

Abstract

To provide: a range of gas mixture compositions that make it possible to hinder Li/Ni cation mixing and transition metal peroxidation; and a method for producing a nickel-rich cathode active material, comprising a firing process using the gas mixtures. The method for producing a nickel-rich cathode active material comprises a firing step, in which a cathode precursor containing at least a predetermined amount of nickel, and a metal oxide solid raw material containing lithium raw material, are fired in a reactor having an atmosphere comprising a gas mixture containing oxygen in the range of 94% by volume to 98% by volume. The oxygen content of the gas mixture is preferably 95% by volume to 97% by volume.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01G 53/506 - Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type (MnO2)n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2 or Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2 containing lithium and cobalt with the molar ratio of nickel with respect to all the metals other than alkali metals higher than or equal to 0.5, e.g. Li(MzNixCoyMn1-x-y-z)O2 with x ≥ 0.5 with the molar ratio of nickel with respect to all the metals other than alkali metals higher than or equal to 0.8, e.g. Li(MzNixCoyMn1-x-y-z)O2 with x ≥ 0.8

Abstract

The invention relates to a facility for farming animals, and in particular poultry and pigs, comprising means for supplying water to the animals for their drinking, said supply means comprising: —an injector (7, 8) making it possible to inject a gas into the water; —a water inlet line (20) and a gas inlet line (3, 4, 5, 6), reaching into the injector; and—a source (1) of oxygen or of a gaseous mixture comprising oxygen, for example an oxygen store, which is able to dispense oxygen into the gas line; —a water tank (17) at atmospheric pressure, the injector being supplied with water from the water located in this tank, which tank can additionally be supplied with fresh water (20); —a coil (10) able to receive water loaded with dissolved oxygen originating from the injector, which water reaches the coil by virtue of a pump (9), which coil makes it possible to create a water/oxygen contact time; —the water leaving the coil passing through a discharge spout (12) in order to be entirely directed towards the drinking water or else partially towards the drinking water and partially into the tank (17). The invention is characterised in that two simultaneous injections of oxygen or of a mixture comprising oxygen in the water are carried out: one (3, 5, 7) upstream of the pump and the other (4, 6, 8) downstream of the pump (9), the flow rate of the injection carried out upstream being lower than the flow rate of the injection carried out downstream of the pump.

IPC Classes  ?

• A01K 39/02 - Drinking appliances
• A01K 7/02 - Automatic devices

Abstract

Facility for oxygen-doping of water used to irrigate crops or to water animals (40) comprises an injector (7, 8), a water inlet line (20), at least one gas inlet line (3, 4, 5, 6), at least one source (1, 60) of oxygen or of a gas mixture including oxygen, a tank (17) of water at atmospheric pressure, a pump (9), a coil (10), a water pressure sensor (90), and a water flow sensor (80).

IPC Classes  ?

• B01F 23/237 - Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media
• C02F 1/68 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
• C02F 103/02 - Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus (1) for compressing cryogenic fluid, comprising a sealed chamber (13) intended to contain a bath (6) of liquid cryogenic fluid, a compression chamber (3), a movable piston (5) for compressing the fluid in the compression chamber (3), and a set of one or more valves (2) configured to control the inlet and/or outlet of fluid relative to the compression chamber (3), the set of one or more valves (2) comprising at least one disc-shaped or annular valve that is movable relative to a seat (4), the valve (2) being of the composite type comprising, across its thickness, a first portion (12) and a second portion (22) that are separate and stacked, an upper face of the first portion (12) being in communication with an internal volume of the apparatus (1), a lower face of the second portion (22) being intended to engage in sealed contact with the seat (4) of the valve, the second portion (22) consisting of a material that is more flexible than the material that constitutes the first portion (12).

IPC Classes  ?

• F04B 15/08 - Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts for liquids near their boiling point, e.g. under subnormal pressure the liquids having low boiling points
• F04B 23/02 - Pumping installations or systems having reservoirs
• F04B 37/18 - Pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups for special use for specific elastic fluids
• F04B 39/10 - Adaptation or arrangement of distribution members
• F04B 53/10 - ValvesArrangement of valves

Abstract

The invention relates to a facility for storing and/or producing cryogenic hydrogen, comprising at least one catalysis section (6) comprising a catalyst, for example based on ferrous oxide, the catalysis section (6) being configured to promote ortho-para conversion of hydrogen, the facility (1) comprising a device for activating and/or regenerating the catalyst of the catalysis section (6), the activation and/or regeneration device comprising a pipe for injecting a flow of flushing gas having a temperature of greater than 20°C, the injection pipe being configured to allow a gas flush of the catalyst of the catalysis section (6).

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
• B01J 23/00 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group

Abstract

The present invention has: (a) a step for preparing a substrate having a recessed portion on the surface thereof; and (b) a step for forming a film on the surface of the substrate and within the recessed portion by supplying, to the substrate, a raw material that contains a halogeno group and an alkyl group and contains a silicon-silicon bond, and a reactant that contains oxygen and hydrogen, under conditions in which, if the raw material is present alone, the physical adsorption of the raw material occurs dominantly among the thermal decomposition of the raw material, the chemical adsorption of the raw material, and the physical adsorption of the raw material.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01L 21/316 - Inorganic layers composed of oxides or glassy oxides or oxide-based glass
• C23C 16/42 - Silicides
• H01L 21/31 - Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniquesAfter-treatment of these layersSelection of materials for these layers

Abstract

In a method for separating a CO2-containing mixture by partial condensation, said mixture (G) containing at least one impurity lighter than CO2 as well as at least one impurity in the form of SO2 or SO3, the mixture is washed in a washing column (Q), dried in a drying unit (A) and separated by partial condensation (15), a portion (25B) of the regeneration gas (25) of the drying unit being sent directly to the washing column (Q) in gaseous form.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/75 - Multi-step processes
• B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
• F25J 3/06 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation

Abstract

A method for producing a fibre composite tank, includes assembling a removable moulding mandrel; applying an end fitting to the moulding mandrel, the end fitting being a metal ring having an opening; forming a first fibre composite shell layer on the moulding mandrel and on the end fitting; disassembling and removing the moulding mandrel through the opening; shrinking a metal boss by cooling; inserting the metal boss in the opening of the end fitting; expanding the metal boss by warming.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 1/06 - Protecting sheatings built-up from wound-on bands or filamentary material, e.g. wires
• B23P 11/02 - Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques, not otherwise provided for by first expanding and then shrinking or vice versa, e.g. by using pressure fluidsConnecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques, not otherwise provided for by making force fits
• B29C 53/60 - Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using internal forming surfaces, e.g. mandrels
• B29K 101/12 - Thermoplastic materials
• B29K 105/10 - Condition, form or state of moulded material containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns oriented
• B29L 31/00 - Other particular articles

Abstract

An air separation unit including: a main heat exchanger, a medium-pressure rectification column, a low-pressure rectification column, a crude argon column, a nitrogen condenser, a crude argon condenser, an oxygen turbine, a nitrogen compressor, and a nitrogen turbine. The nitrogen turbine expands nitrogen gas supplied from the nitrogen compressor. The air separation unit includes an inlet temperature of the oxygen turbine is lower than an inlet temperature of the nitrogen turbine.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air

Abstract

Method for producing a hydrogen product from ammonia, comprising the steps of: - Providing an ammonia feed stream; - Passing the ammonia feed stream to at least one ammonia pre-cracking reactor for producing a partly converted ammonia feed stream comprising ammonia, hydrogen and nitrogen by a pre-cracking reaction, said pre-cracking reactor comprising a pre-cracking catalyst bed comprising from 20 wt% to 60 wt% of nickel, preferably from 25 wt% to 50 wt% of nickel as a pre-cracking catalytically active material, - Passing the partly converted ammonia feed stream to an ammonia cracking reactor for producing an effluent gas stream comprising hydrogen and nitrogen and optionally also unconverted ammonia by a cracking reaction, said cracking reactor comprising a cracking catalyst bed comprising from 10 wt% to 20 wt% of nickel as a cracking catalytically active material.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 3/04 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
• B01J 23/755 - Nickel
• B01J 35/30 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for separating a gaseous mixture containing CO2 and at least one component, wherein the gaseous mixture is separated by adsorption, producing a fluid (1) enriched in CO2 and depleted in the at least one component relative to the gaseous mixture, and a gas enriched in the at least one component and depleted in CO2 relative to the gaseous mixture at a pressure higher than 6 bara, wherein the CO2-enriched fluid is separated in a separation unit, and wherein a portion of the CO2-depleted fluid is used as barrier gas in a compressor (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7) of the separation unit.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
• B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
• B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
• F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures

Abstract

A system for generating singlet oxygen comprises a photosensitizer device comprising a substrate on the surface of which a photosensitizer material is coated, at least one light source configured to illuminate light at a wavelength to the photosensitizer device, a water stream containing dissolved oxygen by injecting oxygen gas into the water, a water inlet configured to feed the water stream to a flow chamber that contains the photosensitizer device, wherein the singlet oxygen is generated by contact of the water stream with the photosensitizer material under light illumination, simultaneously, the generated singlet oxygen purifies the water stream by oxidizing impurities and inactivates biological contaminants in the water stream, and a water outlet, configured to discharge a purified water.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 13/02 - Preparation of oxygen
• C02F 1/72 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
• C02F 1/50 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
• A61L 2/18 - Liquid substances
• A61L 2/20 - Gaseous substances, e.g. vapours

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for capturing CO2, wherein a stream (1) containing CO2 and at least one other component is separated by pressure swing adsorption (PSA), producing a fluid (5) enriched in CO2 at a first pressure and a fluid (3) depleted in CO2 at a second pressure, higher than the first pressure, wherein the CO2-enriched fluid is compressed in a compressor (C1), which generates compression heat and produces a compressed fluid at a pressure between 15 and 40 bar abs, wherein the compressed fluid is sent to a unit for separation via partial condensation, which produces a CO2-enriched flow, wherein the CO2-depleted fluid is expanded in two turbines (T1, T2) to produce an expanded fluid, and wherein the compression heat is used to heat the fluid upstream of each turbine.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/00 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols
• B01D 53/047 - Pressure swing adsorption
• F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
• F25J 3/06 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation

Abstract

An air separation unit may include: a main heat exchanger 1, a first rectification column 2, a nitrogen condenser 3, a second rectification column 4, a third rectification column 5, a crude argon condenser 6, a high-purity oxygen rectification column 8, and a high-purity oxygen reboiler 9. The air separation unit uses a portion of the feed air that has passed through the main heat exchanger 1 as a heat source in the high-purity oxygen reboiler 9.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air

Abstract

Process for the separation of a gaseous mixture including carbon dioxide and at least one component lighter than carbon dioxide by partial condensation including the steps of: partially condensing the gaseous mixture (1), expanding the gaseous phase in a first turbine (T1) and separating the expanded gaseous phase by permeation (M).

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
• F25J 3/06 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation

Abstract

An oxygen liquefaction apparatus may include a heat exchanger that allows oxygen gas to be cooled and condensed with liquid nitrogen. The oxygen liquefaction apparatus may include: a differential pressure gauge that measures the difference in pressure between the hot and cold ends of an oxygen flow path; and an oxygen control unit that calculates the level of oxygen inside the heat exchanger based on the differential pressure gauge reading, that controls an oxygen control valve to adjust the level, and that controls the heat transfer area to control the condensation of the oxygen.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures

Abstract

A method for heating a furnace with an ammonia-fired burner producing a stable flame including heating a first stream of ammonia through heat exchange with a stream of flue gas, thereby producing a heated first stream of ammonia. Feeding the heated first stream of ammonia to an ammonia cracker to produce a stream of cracked ammonia. Heating a stream of air through heat exchange with the stream of flue gas at a second heat exchanger to produce a heated stream of air. Feeding the heated stream of air to a burner. Feeding a second stream of ammonia to the burner. And feeding the stream of cracked ammonia to the burner for injection into the combustion space to produce a pilot flame through combustion of the injected stream of cracked ammonia and amounts of the injected heated stream of air.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
• B01D 53/047 - Pressure swing adsorption
• C01B 3/04 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
• C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids

Abstract

The invention relates to an installation for storing and distributing cryogenic fluid, for example liquid hydrogen, comprising a cryogenic reservoir which is buried below the ground, a liquid withdrawal circuit connected to the reservoir with a downstream end located above the ground and designed to be connected to a consumer, the withdrawal circuit comprising a cryogenic pump arranged above the ground, the installation comprising a pipe for the recovery of vaporization gas generated inside the cryogenic pump, having a downstream end connected to the reservoir, the pipe for the recovery of the vaporization gases comprising at least one device for controlling the pressure and/or flow rate of the vaporization gas returned to the reservoir and the device for controlling the pressure and/or flow rate being configured to control the pressure inside the reservoir at a pressure level which is greater than the pressure at the inlet of the cryogenic pump.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 9/00 - Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure

Abstract

Facility and method for hydrogen refrigeration, comprising a hydrogen circuit to be cooled, comprising: —a first and a second set of heat exchanger(s) arranged in series for exchanging heat with the hydrogen circuit to be cooled; —a first cooling device for exchanging heat with the first set of heat exchanger(s) comprising a refrigerator that operates a refrigeration cycle of a first cycle gas; —a second cooling device for exchanging heat with the second set of heat exchanger(s) comprising a refrigerator that operates a refrigeration cycle of a second cycle gas having a molar mass of less than 3 g/mol, the refrigerator of the second cooling device comprising, arranged in series in a cycle circuit: at least one centrifugal compressor, a cooling member, an expansion member and a member for reheating the second expanded cycle gas; —a system for mixing at least one additional component having a molar mass greater than 50 g/mol with the second cycle gas before it enters the at least one centrifugal compressor and a member for purifying the mixture at the outlet of the at least one compressor configured to remove the at least one additional component up to a determined residual content and located upstream of the first set of heat exchanger(s).

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
• F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a method for producing a purified oxygen-containing stream, the method comprising: heating a Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cells (SOEC) unit to a SOEC operating temperature; providing a water source or a steam source at a water source or steam source temperature; heating the water source or the steam source to produce a steam stream at a steam stream temperature; providing a sweep gas at a sweep gas temperature; feeding the steam stream and the sweep gas to the SOEC unit to produce an oxygen-containing stream and a hydrogen-containing stream; cooling the oxygen-containing stream to a temperature in the range of about 20°C to about 100°C, preferably about 40°C to about 60°C, more preferably about 44°C to about 55°C, and even more preferably about 50°C; and, after the cooling step, purifying the oxygen-containing stream to produce the purified oxygen-containing stream The present disclosure also relates a system for producing a purified oxygen-containing stream.

IPC Classes  ?

• C25B 1/042 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water by electrolysis of steam
• C25B 15/021 - Process control or regulation of heating or cooling
• C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes

Abstract

The invention relates to a facility and a method for liquefying a cryogenic fluid comprising a set of heat exchangers (4, 5) in heat exchange with a supply circuit (3) and a cooling system in heat exchange with the set of heat exchangers (4, 5) comprising a cycle gas cryogenic refrigerator (10), wherein the supply circuit (3) comprises an expansion member (6) and a phase separator (7), a liquid outlet of which supplies the downstream end (23) with liquefied supply gas and a gas outlet of which is connected to a gas phase recovery member, wherein the facility (1) comprises an injection duct (8) having an upstream end (80) connected to a pressurised gas reserve of the facility, wherein the reserve supplies a gas having the same nature as the supply gas and/or a gas having the same nature as the cycle gas or a component of the cycle gas, and a downstream end (81) configured to allow the pressurised gas to be injected into the phase separator (7).

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures

Abstract

The present invention discloses a quenching apparatus having: a quenching chamber for air blast cooling a material using hydrogen gas; a heat exchanger for cooling the hydrogen gas; a first pipe for supplying the heat exchanger with hydrogen gas discharged from the quenching chamber; and a second pipe for supplying the quenching chamber with hydrogen gas cooled by means of the heat exchanger.

IPC Classes  ?

• C21D 1/62 - Quenching devices
• C21D 1/613 - GasesLiquefied or solidified normally gaseous material

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for transferring liquefied cryogenic fluid, for example liquid hydrogen, from a cryogenic tank containing liquefied cryogenic fluid having a gas phase in equilibrium with the liquid phase, the transfer of fluid to a receiver being realized at least in part by way of a pressure difference between the cryogenic tank and the fluid receiver, the method comprising a step of pressurizing the fluid contained in the cryogenic tank, a step of withdrawing liquid from the pressurized cryogenic tank, a step of measuring the volume flow rate of withdrawn fluid, a step of determining the mass of withdrawn liquid from the measured volume flow rate of withdrawn fluid and the density of the withdrawn fluid, the density of the withdrawn fluid being determined from the pressure of the fluid in the cryogenic tank measured before the pressurization step.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 9/00 - Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
• F17C 13/02 - Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a method of using flue gas heat resulting from a combustion reaction, comprising: a) providing a fuel and an oxidant; b) preheating the fuel and the oxidant to produce a preheated fuel and a preheated oxidant; c) feeding the preheated fuel and preheated oxidant to a combustion chamber; d) heating raw materials via the combustion reaction of the preheated fuel with the preheated oxidant in the combustion chamber and generating flue gas; e) transferring at least part of the heat of the flue gas exiting the combustion chamber to an intermediate fluid, thereby producing a heated intermediate fluid; f) heating a Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cells (SOEC) unit to a SOEC operating temperature, g) exchanging heat using at least part of the heat of the heated intermediate fluid, h) providing a steam stream at a steam stream temperature and an oxygen-containing carrier gas at an oxygen-containing carrier gas temperature, and feeding the steam stream and the oxygen-containing carrier gas to the SOEC unit to produce an oxygen-containing stream and a hydrogen-containing stream; wherein exchanging heat comprises 1. preheating the fuel to produce the preheated fuel to be fed to the combustion chamber and/or 2. preheating the oxidant to produce the preheated oxidant to be fed to the combustion chamber. The present disclosure also relates to a system of using flue gas heat from a combustion reaction.

IPC Classes  ?

• F23D 14/32 - Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid using a mixture of gaseous fuel and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
• F23L 15/04 - Arrangements of recuperators

Abstract

The invention relates to a facility and a method for liquefying a cryogenic fluid comprising a set of heat exchangers (4, 5) in heat exchange with a supply circuit (3) and a cooling system in heat exchange with the set of heat exchangers (4, 5) comprising a cycle gas cryogenic refrigerator (10), wherein the supply circuit (3) comprises an expansion member (6) and a phase separator (7), a liquid outlet of which supplies the downstream end (23) with liquefied supply gas and a gas outlet of which is connected to a gas phase recovery member, wherein the facility (1) comprises an injection duct (8) having an upstream end (80) connected to a pressurised gas reserve of the facility, wherein the reserve supplies a gas having the same nature as the supply gas and/or a gas having the same nature as the cycle gas or a component of the cycle gas, and a downstream end (81) configured to allow the pressurised gas to be injected into the phase separator (7).

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures

Abstract

The invention relates to a fluid compression apparatus comprising a sealed enclosure intended to contain a bath of cryogenic fluid, a first and a second compression chambers, an intake system for admission into the first chamber, a system for transfer from the first to the second chamber, the apparatus further comprising a communicating discharge orifice for compressed fluid to leave the second chamber, the apparatus further comprising an overflow discharge orifice provided with a valve for discharge from the first compression chamber to the bath so as to let surplus liquid leave during compression of fluid in the first chamber, the overflow discharge orifice communicating with the enclosure via at least one flow retarder configured to attenuate the speed and/or intensity of the discharged liquid flow by limiting its pressure drop.

IPC Classes  ?

• F04B 37/08 - Pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups for evacuating by thermal means by condensing or freezing, e.g. cryogenic pumps
• F04B 3/00 - Machines or pumps with pistons coacting within one cylinder, e.g. multi-stage
• F04B 7/04 - Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving in which the valving is performed by pistons and cylinders coacting to open and close intake or outlet ports
• F04B 15/08 - Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts for liquids near their boiling point, e.g. under subnormal pressure the liquids having low boiling points
• F04B 23/02 - Pumping installations or systems having reservoirs
• F04B 53/10 - ValvesArrangement of valves
• F04B 53/16 - CasingsCylindersCylinder liners or headsFluid connections

Abstract

The invention relates to a fluid compression apparatus and method comprising first and second compression chambers, an intake system into the first chamber, a transfer system from the first chamber to the second chamber, a piston for ensuring the compression of the fluid in the first and second chambers, and an orifice for discharging the compressed fluid, the intake system comprising one or more valves, the apparatus further comprising a discharge orifice allowing communication between the first compression chamber and the bath to allow surplus liquid trapped in the first compression chamber to leave during a compression movement of the piston in the first compression chamber, the apparatus comprising a discharge valve configured to control the discharge of liquid via the discharge orifice and to prevent fluid from entering the compression chamber via the discharge orifice.

IPC Classes  ?

• F04B 3/00 - Machines or pumps with pistons coacting within one cylinder, e.g. multi-stage
• F04B 15/08 - Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts for liquids near their boiling point, e.g. under subnormal pressure the liquids having low boiling points
• F04B 53/12 - ValvesArrangement of valves arranged in or on pistons

Abstract

In a method for compressing a gas, the gas is compressed in a compressor having an intermediate stage and a final stage, an intermediate cooler for cooling the gas downstream of the intermediate stage and a final cooler for cooling the gas downstream of the final compression stage, a refrigerant coming from a source is divided into a first flow and a second flow, the first flow is sent to cool the intermediate cooler and the second flow is sent to cool the final cooler, the first and second heated flows being at different temperatures, the first heated flow is sent to provide heat to an element, producing a first cooled flow, and the second heated flow is mixed with the first cooled flow and the mixture is sent to the source.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air

Abstract

Apparatus for separation of a gaseous mixture containing CO2, hydrogen and water includes a compressor for compressing the gaseous mixture to a first pressure between 20 to 60 bara, a temperature swing adsorption unit for drying the compressed gas mixture comprising at least two adsorbent beds, a separation unit for separation of the dry and compressed gaseous mixture in by at least one of the following techniques: partial condensation, distillation, washing and solidification to produce at least two streams, being a rich CO2 liquid enriched in CO2 and depleted in at least one of methane and hydrogen and carbon monoxide as compared with the gaseous mixture and a first residual gas depleted in CO2 and enriched in at least one of methane and hydrogen and carbon monoxide as compared with the gaseous mixture, a pressure swing adsorption unit for separation of the first residual gas depleted in CO2 by at least one pressure swing adsorption unit in order to produce at least one gas richer in CO2 than the first residual gas and at least one gas depleted in CO2 and enriched in at least one of methane and hydrogen and carbon monoxide as compared to the first residual gas, a conduit for sending to one of said adsorbent beds a regeneration gas which is at least a part of at least one gas depleted in CO2 as compared to the first residual gas.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/047 - Pressure swing adsorption

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for separating a first gaseous mixture (05) containing carbon dioxide and at least one impurity that is lighter than carbon dioxide, the first gaseous mixture originating from a storage (70) of liquid carbon dioxide, in which method the first gaseous mixture is sent to the sump of the column if its CO2 content is above a CO2 purity threshold and is sent to at least two theoretical trays above the sump of the column if its CO2 content is below the CO2 purity threshold.

IPC Classes  ?

• F25J 3/00 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification

Abstract

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Abstract

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IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
• B01D 53/18 - Absorbing unitsLiquid distributors therefor
• C10K 1/00 - Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
• C10K 1/16 - Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquidsReviving the used wash liquors with non-aqueous liquids

Abstract

The invention relates to a safety guard process (2) for a combustion process comprising the combustion of a fuel (4), in particular an ammonia fuel (4), with a stabilizing fuel (6), said safety guard process (2) comprises the following steps of: - providing flow rate data of the fuel (4), and flow rate data of the stabilizing fuel (6) (S10); - determining safeguard data (8) based on said flow rate data (NH3, SF) of said fuels (S20); - providing threshold data (SP) indicating a stability limit of the safeguard data (S30); - comparing the safeguard data (8) with the threshold data (SP) (S40); and - carrying out a security action (12), based on the result of said comparison of the safeguard data (8) with the threshold data (SP) (S50).

IPC Classes  ?

• F23N 1/00 - Regulating fuel supply
• F23N 5/18 - Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
• F23N 5/24 - Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements

Abstract

A container (1) for storing a cryogenic fluid, comprising an inner tank (2) delimiting a housing (3) intended to contain the cryogenic fluid, and an outer tank (4) arranged around the inner tank (2), the inner tank (2) and the outer tank (3) delimiting between them a thermally insulated space (5), preferably under vacuum, the container (1) being delimited in a main direction (X) by a first side (6) and a second side (7), at least one of the two sides (6, 7) comprising a connection system (8, 9) fixing the inner tank (2) inside the outer tank (4), the connection system (8, 9) comprising, in the main direction (X), a neck (81, 91) secured to the inner tank (2) and a pin (82, 92) secured to the outer tank (4), characterized in that the neck (81, 91) and the pin (82, 92) are fitted one inside the other.

IPC Classes  ?

• F17C 3/08 - Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by vacuum spaces, e.g. Dewar flask