Process and plant for the production of a product gas containing nitrogen and hydrogen from ammonia, the process comprising the steps of: i) pre-cracking an ammonia feed stream to a pre-cracked process gas containing hydrogen, nitrogen, ammonia by contact with a first ammonia cracking catalyst; ii-1) non-catalytic partial oxidation of the pre-cracked process gas with an oxygen containing gas to a process gas containing nitrogen, water, nitrogen oxides and residual amounts of ammonia; ii-2) cracking of at least a part of the residual amounts of ammonia to hydrogen and nitrogen in the process gas by contact with a second ammonia cracking catalyst and simultaneously reducing the amounts of nitrogen oxides to nitrogen and water by reaction with at least a portion of the hydrogen formed during at least the pre-cracking of the ammonia feed stream, thereby producing said product gas containing nitrogen and hydrogen; iii) withdrawing the product gas. The product gas is purified downstream to a hydrogen product.
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
C25B 1/042 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water by electrolysis of steam
F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
C07C 29/151 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
C01B 3/12 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
There is provided a process for hydrotreating a liquid oil stream in a continuous operation in a fixed bed reactor; wherein the liquid stream is a thermochemical decomposition oil stream, and contains polymerisable reactive compounds; wherein the fixed bed reactor comprises at least a first reactor bed containing a first hydrotreatment catalyst and a second reactor bed containing a second hydrotreatment catalyst; the process comprising the steps of: (i) in a first operation period, passing at least 50 vol. % of the liquid oil stream through the first reactor bed and subsequently through the second reactor bed; (ii) in a second operation period, on determination of deposition of material formed from the polymerisable reactive compounds on the first reactor bed, passing a reduced proportion of the liquid oil stream through the first reactor bed, and passing an increased proportion of the liquid oil stream through the second reactor bed having not passed through the first reactor bed.
C10G 65/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps at least one step being a selective hydrogenation of the diolefins
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 45/38 - Selective hydrogenation of the diolefin or acetylene compounds characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
4.
METHOD FOR HEATING AN ELECTROLYSIS FEED AND RELATED SYSTEM
A method and system for transferring heat between an exothermic chemical production process and a feed stream of an electrolysis process are disclosed. A closed heating loop transfers heat from the exothermic chemical production process to the feed stream of the electrolysis process.
C07C 29/151 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
A catalyst comprising a porous refractory support at least one active metal taken from the group comprising Ni; Co; Mo and W in catalytically active amount, further comprising V, as well as a method for producing such a catalyst and methods using such a catalyst.
B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
The present invention relates to a carbon monoxide plant and process for effective use of biogas. The carbon monoxide plant comprises: a first biomass feed, a biomass digester, a reformer section, a CO2-removal section and a cryogenic separation section. A process for providing a CO-rich product stream from a first biomass feed, using the plant of the invention, is also provided.
The present invention relates to a method for thermolytic fragmentation of a sugar into C1-C3 oxygenates, comprising separating solids from the fragmentation product, wherein the temperature of the fragmentation product at an outlet of the reactor is at least 250° C., and wherein the water content is at least 40 vol. %, based on all gas phase constituents. The present invention also relates to a system for performing the thermolytic fragmentation of a sugar into C1-C3 oxygenates. The method and the system are suitable for industrial scale production.
C07C 45/51 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds by pyrolysis, rearrangement or decomposition
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
C07C 45/78 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives
Process for the preparation of methanol comprising the steps of (a) preparing a hydrogen feedstock by electrolysis (b) providing a carbon oxide feedstock in periods of operating the electrolysis in step (a) (c) mixing at least part of the hydrogen feed and carbon oxide source consisting of carbon monoxide and/or carbon dioxide feed to obtain a methanol synthesis gas; (d) adjusting the molar content of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and/or carbon dioxide from step (c) to a module M of (H2−CO2)/(CO2+CO) to between 1.9 and 2.2 (e) converting the methanol synthesis gas in one or more boiling water reactors to methanol; in periods without operating the electrolysis in step (a) (f) interrupting the converting of the methanol synthesis gas in the one or more boiling water reactors by heat exchange with boiling water, wherein in step (f) the one or more boiling water reactors are heated by one or more auxiliary heaters to maintain boiling of the water in the one or more boiling water reactors.
C07C 29/151 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
Process and plant for producing a synthesis gas by catalytic steam reforming of a hydrocarbon feedstock in a steam reforming unit, wherein water is removed from the synthesis gas as a process condensate, wherein boiler feed water is introduced in the process, and wherein the process or plant produces at least two separate steam streams: a pure steam which is generated from at least a portion of the boiler feed water by the cooling of synthesis gas, and a process steam which is generated by evaporating at least a portion of the process condensate by using synthesis gas, optionally together with pure steam and/or flue gas from the steam reforming unit.
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/48 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
A methanol plant and a process for the production of methanol is provided. A hydrogen recovery section receives off-gas stream from the methanol synthesis section and outputs a hydrogen-rich stream, which is recycled upstream the methanol synthesis section.
C07C 29/151 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
C07C 29/152 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by the reactor used
C07C 29/80 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by physical treatment by distillation
A method for cutting sintered solid oxide cells (05) suitable for solid oxide electrolysis using abrasive waterjet cutting, which minimizes micro-cracks and produces a burr-free edge, eliminating the need for mechanical post-processing; the sintered solid oxide cells produced by this method are suitable for use in solid oxide electrolyzer cell stacks with improved structural integrity and reliability.
B24C 1/04 - Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effectsUse of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass
H01M 8/124 - Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
B24C 3/32 - Abrasive blasting machines or devicesPlants designed for abrasive blasting of particular work, e.g. the internal surfaces of cylinder blocks
The present invention provides a method and system for producing blue ammonia, providing for a high percentage of carbon capture. The method and system of the invention may be used in any ammonia plant.
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
The invention relates to a process and plant for hydrotreating a liquid oil stream such as pyrolysis oil stream by, in continuous operation in a fixed bed reactor, reacting the liquid oil stream with hydrogen in the presence of a reduced nickel (Ni) catalyst at a temperature of 80-250° C., a pressure of 10-200 barg, a liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) of 0.1-6.0 h−1, and a hydrogen to liquid oil ratio, defined as the volume ratio of hydrogen to the flow of the liquid oil stream, of 100-8000 NL/L, thereby forming a stabilized liquid oil stream.
C10G 45/06 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof
B01J 8/02 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 1/02 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by distillation
C10G 65/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
There is provided a process for hydrotreating a liquid oil stream; wherein the liquid oil stream is a thermochemical decomposition oil stream; the process comprising: (i) a hydrotreatment step comprising hydrotreating the liquid oil stream in a fixed bed reactor at a temperature of less than 250° C., wherein the fixed bed reactor comprises a hydrotreatment catalyst; and (ii) an in-situ catalyst regeneration step such that one or more ammonium salts deposited on the hydrotreatment catalyst are removed from the hydrotreatment catalyst, wherein the in-situ catalyst regeneration step comprises heating the hydrotreatment catalyst with a flushing gas, or mixtures or a flushing gas and oil.
The present invention relates to multi-bed catalytic reactor with a cylindrical shape comprising a distribution device further comprising a feed distributor which is separate from a recycle fluid distributor and thus protects the feed against the higher recycle fluid temperatures.
B01J 8/04 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
C10G 49/00 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups , , , , or
18.
SOC STACK COMPRISING COMBINED FLOW DISTRIBUTOR AND CONTACT ENABLER
A Solid Oxide Cell stack has a combined flow distributor and contact enabler made of pressed metal foil with flow guides and contact areas located between an interconnect layer and a cell layer in the stack.
H01M 8/026 - CollectorsSeparators, e.g. bipolar separatorsInterconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant characterised by grooves, e.g. their pitch or depth
A Solid Oxide Cell stack has a combined flow distributor and contact enabler made of pressed metal foil with flow guides and contact areas located between an interconnect layer and a cell layer in the stack.
A system for processing carbonaceous in-feed material has a pyrolyzer kiln for pyrolysis the carbonaceous in-feed material, the kiln operating in a slow pyrolysis process in which the in-feed material is pyrolysed in the kiln for a period of minutes in order to produce primarily a gaseous output fraction; a steam reformer positioned downstream of the kiln to which combustion gasses from the pyrolyzer kiln are fed; a water scrubber positioned gas flow-wise downstream of the steam reformer; a methanation stage; a CO2 scrubbing stage. The system includes means for splitting the gas and directing a portion of the split gas back to the pyrolyzer kiln.
C10G 53/10 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only including at least one acid-treatment step
C02F 11/10 - Treatment of sludgeDevices therefor by pyrolysis
C10G 1/02 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by distillation
C10G 17/06 - Liquid-liquid treatment forming two immiscible phases using acids derived from sulfur or acid sludge thereof
C10G 17/095 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with acids, acid-forming compounds, or acid-containing liquids, e.g. acid sludge with "solid acids", e.g. phosphoric acid deposited on a carrier
C10G 45/02 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing
The present invention relates to a process for hydrotreating a nitrogen rich liquid oil stream by, in a continuous operation in a fixed bed reactor, reacting the nitrogen rich liquid oil stream with hydrogen in the presence of catalyst at a temperature of 80-250° C., a pressure of 10-200 barg, a liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) of 0.1-6 h−1, thereby forming a stabilized liquid oil stream.
Process and reaction system for the preparation of methanol. The process comprises the steps of:
(a) providing a fresh methanol synthesis gas containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide;
(b) introducing and reacting the fresh methanol synthesis gas stream in a first methanol reaction unit in presence of a methanol catalyst and obtaining a first effluent stream containing methanol and unconverted synthesis gas;
(c) providing a recycle gas stream containing the unconverted methanol synthesis gas contained in the first effluent stream and unconverted methanol synthesis gas from a second methanol reaction unit;
(d) introducing and reacting the recycle gas stream in the second methanol reaction unit in presence of a methanol catalyst;
(e) withdrawing a second effluent stream containing methanol and the unconverted methanol synthesis gas from the second methanol reaction unit;
(f)) combining the first and a part of the second effluent stream;
(g) cooling and separating the combined effluent into a methanol-containing liquid stream and the recycle stream; and
(h) withdrawing the remaining part of the second effluent stream as a purge gas stream, wherein the remaining part of the second effluent stream is withdrawn as a purge gas stream prior to combining the first and second effluent stream.
C07C 29/152 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases characterised by the reactor used
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
C07C 29/78 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by physical treatment by condensation or crystallisation
23.
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR BALANCING AN ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM USING METHANOL
A power balancing system and process is provided, in which a first electrolysis unit (10) outputs a first hydrogen rich stream (11), which is converted in a methanol synthesis plant (20) to a first methanol-rich stream (21). A methanol storage unit (40) receives and stores the first methanol-rich stream (21). When additional electrical power is required, methanol from the methanol storage unit (40) can be used for power generation. The system and process allow excess electrical power to be converted into and stored as methanol during periods of low demand, and used to generate electrical power when demand is higher.
H02J 3/28 - Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy
C07C 29/151 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
A chemical plant in which an electrolysis section is arranged to receive at least a portion of a first steam feed and electrolyze it to provide a hydrogen stream and an oxygen-enriched stream. A first heat exchanger is arranged to receive at least a portion of the oxygen-enriched stream and a combustion air stream to transfer heat from the oxygen-enriched stream to the combustion air stream. The heated combustion air stream and at least a portion of an off-gas stream are arranged to be combusted in at least one burner to provide a combusted gas stream. The first heat exchanger is arranged to receive at least a portion of the combusted gas stream and said water stream. The first heat exchanger is arranged to transfer heat from the at least a portion of the combusted gas stream to the water stream to provide a cooled combusted gas stream and a steam stream.
A method of producing a polyester, the method comprising: (a) providing a biomass based composition comprising ethylene glycol and having a UV transmittance at 275 nm determined in accordance with ASTM method E2193-16 of less than 40%; (b) contacting the biomass based composition with at least one reagent to form the polyester.
Process and plant for producing a hydrocarbon product, the process including the steps of: i) conducting a liquid oil stream to a hydroprocessing step for producing a first and second liquid hydrotreated streams, and ii) separating from the first or second liquid hydrotreated stream, optionally from said main hydrotreated stream, said hydrocarbon product.
C10G 45/02 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing
B01J 8/04 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
F23D 14/24 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
C23C 12/00 - Solid state diffusion of at least one non-metal element other than silicon and at least one metal element or silicon into metallic material surfaces
F23D 14/58 - Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
28.
CONVERSION OF H2 AND OFF-GAS CONTAINING CO2 TO SYNFUELS
A process is provided for producing a hydrocarbon product stream in a hydrocarbon plant. The hydrocarbon plant comprises a reverse water gas shift (RWGS) unit (I), and a second feed comprising carbon dioxide to said reverse water gas shift (RWGS) unit (I). The second feed is a process off-gas containing less than 75% CO2 and is the sole carbon dioxide-containing feed to said reverse water gas shift (RWGS) unit (I).
C01B 3/48 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
C01B 3/36 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
The present invention provides a method for producing blue ammonia, providing for a higher percentage of carbon capture. The method and system of the invention may be used in any ammonia plant.
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/48 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR ABSORPTION COOLING OF A PRODUCT AMMONIA SYNTHESIS GAS FROM AN AMMONIA CONVERTER IN A DYNAMIC AMMONIA PLANT OPERATED AT FREQUENTLY CHANGING LOADS OF MAKEUP GAS
A system and process for absorpon cooling a product ammonia synthesis gas from an ammonia converter in a dynamic ammonia plant operated at frequently changing loads of ammonia makeup gas.
A process to control the outlet temperature of a heat exchange reformer in the production of synthesis gas wherein a first stream of feed gas is directed to a first reforming section and a second stream of feed gas is directed to said heat exchange reformer, wherein the outlet stream of said reforming section is divided into at least a first and a second sub-streams. The first sub-stream is directed into said heat exchange reformer to provide heat for the reforming section and the outlet stream of the heat exchange reformer is directed to a first waste heat boiler. The second sub-stream bypasses the heat exchange reformer and is directed to a second waste heat boiler for heat recovery and high pressure steam production. The outlet temperature of said heat exchange reformer is adjusted in this manner.
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/48 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
32.
A PROCESS FOR REMOVING SILICON-CONTAINING IMPURITIES FROM A FEEDSTOCK
The invention relates to a process for removing one or more silicon-containing impurities from a hydrocarbon feedstock, the process comprising the step of contacting the hydrocarbon feedstock with a guard bed comprising a porous material comprising gamma-alumina, the porous material having a total pore volume of 600-850 ml/kg, as measured by mercury intrusion porosimetry (HgPV), and a BET-surface area of 100-500 m2/g, thereby providing a purified hydrocarbon feedstock.
C10G 25/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents
C10G 45/04 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used
33.
CONVERSION OF UNSATURATED HYDROCARBON CONTAINING OFF-GASES FOR MORE EFFICIENT HYDROCARBON PRODUCTION PLANT
The present invention relates to a more efficient, sustainable system and process, wherein an off-gas comprising unsaturated hydrocarbons from a synthesis stage is recycled to the syngas stage through an off-gas conversion stage comprising hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons in said off-gas. The exotherm across the adiabatic hydrogenation unit is controlled efficiently by using dilution gas.
C07C 1/12 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of carbon from carbon dioxide with hydrogen
34.
PRODUCTION OF H2 FROM METHANOL FOR A SOLID OXIDE ELECTROLYSIS CELL
The present invention relates to a method for operating a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) stack, the SOEC having a fuel (cathode) side and an oxy (anode) side. The SOEC stack is adapted for at least steam electrolysis to hydrogen. The invention further relates to a system and a plant suitable for carrying out the method. Specifically, the invention relates to using methanol as a reducing agent or using methanol for supplying a reducing agent in an SOEC.
C01B 3/32 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
C07C 29/151 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
C25B 1/042 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water by electrolysis of steam
There is provided a process for the at least partial condensation of an oxygenate mixture the process comprising the steps of: (a) providing a vapour phase oxygenate mixture obtained from fragmentation of an aqueous solution of carbohydrates; (b) performing on the vapour phase oxygenate mixture an at least partial condensation to provide a condensate; and (c) combining an antifoaming agent and the condensate.
C07C 45/45 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds by condensation
B01D 19/04 - Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances
C07C 45/81 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by change in the physical state, e.g. crystallisation
36.
RENEWABLE POWER SUPPLY INTERMITTENCY HANDLING IN E-FUELS PLANT
A process for operating an e-fuel plant is provided, comprising primary and secondary operating modes. In the secondary operating mode, the process comprises the step of feeding at least a portion of a hydrocarbon byproduct stream from a byproduct storage section to a syngas section, where it is reacted to output a syngas stream.
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C10K 3/00 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
C10K 3/02 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment
C25B 15/023 - Measuring, analysing or testing during electrolytic production
C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
37.
Process and plant for the production of synthesis gas and generation of process condensate
Process and plant for producing a synthesis gas by catalytic steam reforming of a hydrocarbon feedstock in a steam reforming unit, wherein water is removed from the synthesis gas as a process condensate, wherein boiler feed water is introduced in the process, and wherein the process or plant produces at least two separate steam streams: a pure steam which is generated from at least a portion of the boiler feed water by the cooling of synthesis gas, and a process steam which is generated by evaporating at least a portion of the process condensate by using synthesis gas, optionally together with pure steam and/or flue gas from the steam reforming unit.
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/48 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
A porous electrode layer for a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) is provided, said electrode layer being a composite comprising dispersed nickel particles and stabilised zirconia particles, said composite further comprising at least one transition metal (TM) from Groups 3 – 12 as dopant. The transition metal (TM) is present in said porous electrode layer in an amount of between 0.0001:1 – 0.25:1, or 0.0001:1 – 0.1:1, expressed as a molar ratio (TM:Ni) of the transition metal (TM) to the nickel (Ni). A powder mixture, suitable for producing the porous electrode layer, and an SOEC comprising said layer are also provided.
A plant and process for producing a hydrogen rich gas are provided, said process comprising the steps of: steam reforming a hydrocarbon feed into a synthesis gas; shifting the synthesis gas and conducting the shifted gas to a hydrogen purification unit, subjecting CO2-rich off-gas from the hydrogen purification unit to a carbon dioxide removal and recycling CO2-depleted off-gas rich in hydrogen to the process.
C01B 3/48 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
41.
SULFUR PASSIVATION FOR ELECTRICALLY HEATED CATALYSIS
A process and reactor system are provided for production of a CO-containing stream. The process includes the steps of supplying a carbon-containing first feed and an optional co-feed to the electrically-heated reactor and allowing them to undergo a CO-forming reaction, while heating the electrically-heated reactor by means of electrical power; and outletting a CO-containing stream from electrically-heated reactor, wherein the content of sulfur-containing species in the total gas mixture supplied to the electrically-heated reactor—measured in terms of H2S—is in the range of 1-50 ppm.
B01J 8/02 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
C01B 3/16 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide using catalysts
42.
PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF A LOW-AROMATIC HYDROCARBON FROM PYROLYSIS OIL
A broad aspect of the present disclosure relates to a process for conversion of a feedstock containing at least 5 wt % aromatics, originating from thermal decomposition of solids, comprising the steps of directing the feedstock to contact a material catalytically active in hydrodeoxygenation under hydrodeoxygenation conditions in the presence of dihydrogen, to provide a deoxygenated intermediate, directing at least an amount of the deoxygenated intermediate to contact a material catalytically active in hydrodearomatization under hydrodearomatization conditions in the presence of dihydrogen, to provide an dearomatized intermediate.
A broad aspect of the present disclosure relates to a process for conversion of a feedstock containing at least 5 wt % aromatics, originating from thermal decomposition of solids, comprising the steps of directing the feedstock to contact a material catalytically active in hydrodeoxygenation under hydrodeoxygenation conditions in the presence of dihydrogen, to provide a deoxygenated intermediate, directing at least an amount of the deoxygenated intermediate to contact a material catalytically active in hydrodearomatization under hydrodearomatization conditions in the presence of dihydrogen, to provide an dearomatized intermediate.
This has the associated benefit of converting a feedstock such as pyrolysis oil to a product or an intermediate compatible with diesel fuel requirements with a minimal yield loss.
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
C10G 65/08 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps at least one step being a hydrogenation of the aromatic hydrocarbons
The invention relates to a process and plant for removing one or more impurities from a feedstock, said process comprising the step of contacting said feedstock with a guard bed comprising a porous material, thereby providing a purified feedstock; wherein the porous material comprises at least 80 wt % of magnesium aluminate spinel (MgAl2O4), titania (TiO2), or a mixture thereof; and the porous material has a total pore volume of 0.50-0.90 ml/g, as measured by mercury intrusion porosimetry. The invention envisages also a process and plant in which the guard bed comprises a porous material which is at least 80 wt % SiO2.
C10G 67/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
B01J 21/00 - Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
B01J 21/06 - Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafniumOxides or hydroxides thereof
B01J 21/10 - MagnesiumOxides or hydroxides thereof
A gas heating section and a reforming section are provided, in which flue gas is used as an anode (oxygen) sweeping gas in an electrolysis unit. The resulting combined gas stream is fed to the gas heating section/reforming section as combustion gas stream. By continuously feeding the combined gas stream to said at least one burner and combusting it, a flue gas stream of high purity CO2 can be obtained. A chemical plant, and a process for providing a syngas stream are also provided.
C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
Method and system for producing a hydrogen product from ammonia, comprising: optionally at least one pre-cracking reactor, such as an adiabatic pre-cracking reactor, arranged to receive an ammonia feed stream, thereby producing a partly converted ammonia feed stream comprising ammonia, hydrogen and nitrogen; an ammonia cracking reactor such as an electrically heated reactor. The reactor is arranged to receive the partly converted ammonia feed stream or the ammonia feed stream for producing an effluent gas stream comprising hydrogen and nitrogen and optionally also unconverted ammonia; and a hydrogen recovery unit arranged to receive the effluent gas stream for producing the hydrogen product and an off-gas stream comprising hydrogen, nitrogen and optionally unconverted ammonia.
The disclosure relates to a process for conversion of oxygenates to a transportation range fuel. The process comprises: setting a target fuel quality parameter of the transportation range fuel; feeding oxygenate compounds to a conversion reactor; converting the oxygenate compounds to a converted oxygenate product in the conversion reactor in the presence of a catalyst, the converted oxygenate product comprising the transportation range fuel; providing input parameters, the input parameters comprising a space velocity and a bed temperature profile; calculating an estimated fuel quality parameter of the transportation range fuel based on the input parameters and on a composition of the oxygenate compounds; comparing the estimated fuel quality parameter with the target fuel quality parameter; and adjusting an inlet temperature and/or a recycle-to-oxygenate feed gas ratio based on a difference between the estimated and the target fuel quality parameter. The disclosure further relates to a system and a computer program.
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
G06F 15/04 - Digital computers in generalData processing equipment in general programmed simultaneously with the introduction of data to be processed, e.g. on the same record carrier
G06F 17/00 - Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
A composition including, on water free basis, at least 80 wt % molecules including from 8 to 35 C-atoms, the composition including, on water free basis, 9.5-12 wt % H, 3-45 wt % 0 and less than 5 wt ppm halogens, the use of such a composition as a marine fuel and a process for producing such a composition by partial hydrodeoxygenation.
The invention relates to a system comprising an electroformed bipolar plate and a sealing member, electrolyser cells and electrolyser cell stacks comprising electroformed bipolar plates.
C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
C25B 1/46 - Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis in diaphragm cells
C25B 9/65 - Means for supplying currentElectrode connectionsElectric inter-cell connections
C25B 9/75 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having bipolar electrodes
C25B 9/77 - Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having diaphragms
222 rich gas feed, in particular for removing sulfur-containing impurities, and oxygen, while at the same time maintaining a low production of methanol in the cleaning process.
A process and process plant for partial hydroprocessing of a feedstock including oxygenates, including the steps of directing the feedstock, an amount of make-up hydrogen and a recycle gas to a catalytic hydrotreatment process under conditions converting 30-95% of oxygenates to hydrocarbons, to provide a partially hydroprocessed product stream, adding an amount of recycled wash water including at least 0.1 wt % oxygenates, to an amount of the hydroprocessed product stream, optionally in combination with a further amount of wash water, to provide a combined hydroprocessed product stream, cooling the combined hydroprocessed product stream and separating it in a vapor product fraction, a liquid aqueous fraction and a liquid product fraction, withdrawing as a waste stream a first amount of the liquid aqueous fraction either as a purge or by a purification process, directing as the amount of recycled wash water, at least a second amount of said liquid aqueous fraction.
C10G 45/22 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing with hydrogen dissolved or suspended in the oil
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
53.
METHOD FOR REDUCING CO2 EMISSION IN A METHANOL PLANT USING COMBINED FUEL FIRED REFORMING AND ELECTRICAL REFORMING
A process and system are provided for the preparation of syngas and methanol with reduced carbon dioxide emissions. The method comprises dividing a hydrocarbon and steam feed into two streams, one subjected to fuel fired reforming and the other to electrical reforming. At least a portion of the synthesis gas from the electrical reforming is processed in a shift section and a carbon dioxide removal section, producing a hydrogen rich gas and a carbon dioxide rich gas. The hydrogen rich gas is used as fuel in the fuel fired reforming process, reducing the need for hydrocarbon fuel. The system allows for flexible adjustment of process streams and integration with methanol synthesis, enabling significant reductions in natural gas and oxygen consumption and overall carbon dioxide emissions.
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/48 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
C07C 29/151 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
54.
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF ONE OR MORE CELLS OF A SOLID OXIDE CELL STACK
The present disclosure relates to a methods and systems for determining performance characteristics of one or more cells of a solid oxide cell stack. A method comprises the steps of: operating the one or more cells in electrolysis mode or fuel cell mode with a first current density across the one or more cells; switching the first current density to a second current density to generate a voltage transient curve in response; and comparing a representation of the voltage transient curve with a reference parameter to determine the performance characteristics of the one or more cells of the solid oxide cell stack. The present disclosure further relates to electrolysis systems comprising: a solid oxide cell stack; and a control system.
The invention relates to a process for producing a syngas comprising the steps of: a) providing a carbon-containing feed gas stream, wherein the composition of the carbon-containing feed gas stream is non-constant over time, b) feeding the carbon-containing feed gas stream to a syngas generating section comprising a steam reforming reactor, c) carrying out steam methane reforming of said carbon-containing feed gas stream in the syngas generating section to form a syngas, d) out-letting a syngas from the syngas generating section and providing at least part of the syngas to a downstream section for converting said syngas into a hydrocarbon product and/or a refined syngas and/or ammonia, wherein the composition of the carbon-containing feed gas stream before feeding it to the syngas generating section is subjected to an adjustment to maintain each of an H/C (mol/mol) ratio and an O/C (mol/mol) ratio of the carbon-containing feed gas stream within a range of a selected set point plus minus 10%, and wherein said adjustment is carried out by addition of one or two adjustment gasses.
C01B 3/12 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
56.
AUTOTHERMAL REFORMING PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN
A hydrogen plant and process for production of a hydrogen stream are provided. The hydrogen plant comprises a steam superheater, arranged to superheat at least a portion of a first steam stream from a steam drum, and thereby provide a superheated steam stream via heat exchange with a first shifted syngas stream. At least a first portion of said superheated steam stream is arranged to heat the first stream comprising hydrocarbons before said first stream is fed to the prereformer unit. In this manner, the use of fired heaters, or electrical heaters, can be reduced or avoided.
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/48 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
57.
METHOD FOR REGENERATING A CATALYST FOR PROCESSING REACTIVE FEEDSTOCK
A process for regeneration of a process enclosure and a catalyst comprising precipitated ammonium salts, and a process and a process plant for continuous hydrotreating a feedstock comprising nitrogen and halides.
C10G 49/08 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups , , , , or characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
A process for regeneration of a process enclosure and a catalyst comprising precipitated ammonium salts, and a process and a process plant for continuous hydrotreating a feedstock comprising nitrogen and halides.
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
B01J 38/10 - Gas or vapour treatingTreating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst using elemental hydrogen
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/02 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing
B01J 23/94 - Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts comprising metals, oxides or hydroxides of the iron group metals or copper
The present application relates to a process for producing a catalyst, said process comprising the steps of: providing a carrier and following modifying said carrier by a first impregnation with at least one alkaline earth metal in a first metal precursor solution. The first metal precursor is decomposed to form at least one metal oxide or metal hydroxide thereby obtaining a modified carrier and a second impregnation is carried out by incipient wetness by a second precursor solution comprising at least one metal Me in a second solution. Finally the second precursor is decomposed thereby obtaining a catalyst body having an enrichment of the at least one metal Me in the outer shell of the catalyst body, said at least one metal being present in a concentration having either as an egg-shell profile or a hammock profile.
C01B 3/40 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts characterised by the catalyst
60.
STABILIZATION AND HYDROTREATMENT OF REACTIVE FEEDSTOCK WITH SEPARATE GAS LOOPS
The present application relates to the production of hydrocarbons and hydrocarbonaceous compounds from reactive feedstock by hydrotreatment in two zones, and a cost-effective way of avoiding corrosion by design of the process with a separate gas loop for each hydrotreatment zone.
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/02 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing
C10G 47/18 - Crystalline alumino-silicate carriers the catalyst containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
61.
IMPROVED PROCESS AND PLANT FOR CONVERTING OLEFINS TO DISTILLATE FUELS
Process and plant for converting olefins to a distillate fuel, the distillate fuel being at least one of jet fuel and diesel, the process comprising: i) supplying an olefin feed to an oli- gomerization section comprising at least one oligomerization reactor and withdrawing 5 from the oligomerization section an oligomerized product; ii) directly or indirectly supply- ing at least a portion of the oligomerized product to a distillate fuel fractionation section and withdrawing therefrom at least: ii-a) a first light fraction comprising hydrocarbons boiling in the jet fuel range; ii-b) a second light fraction of hydrocarbons, which is heavier than the first light fraction of hydrocarbons; ii-c) a third balancing heavy fraction compris-10 ing: hydrocarbons boiling in the diesel fuel range and hydrocarbons boiling in the jet fuel range; the third balancing fraction being heavier than the second light fraction of hydro- carbons; iii) supplying at least a portion of the second light fraction of hydrocarbons to the oligomerization section.
C10G 50/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from lower carbon number hydrocarbons, e.g. by oligomerisation
C10G 57/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by at least one cracking process or refining process and at least one other conversion process with polymerisation
C10G 69/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one polymerisation or alkylation step
The present invention relates to a system for distillation, specifically a system for distillation of a first raw product stream, preferably a raw methanol stream. The invention further relates to a method for distillation of a first raw product stream and to a chemical plant.
C07C 29/151 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
C07C 29/80 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by physical treatment by distillation
63.
PROCESS PLANT WITH FLEXIBLE HEAT INTEGRATION SCHEME
A thermal configuration for use during sulfidation and operation is disclosed which may involve multiple of the following heating steps, (a) heating a process feed by a charge heater, heating (b) a process feed stream or a recycle oil stream by heat exchange with a process effluent, heating (c) a process feed stream or a recycle oil stream by heat exchange with a said process feed after having been heated in the charge heater. Furthermore, the steps may be made independent by controlling the ratio of the streams directed to (b) or (c), controlling an amount of feed stream or recycle oil stream by-passed around the heating of (b) or (c) and controlling the temperature of step (a).
B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes
B01J 8/04 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
New fuels produced from biological sources such as cashew nut shell liquid are disclosed, together with methods for producing such fuel by the conversion of phenol-lipids in ways avoiding oligomerization.
The present invention relates to a method for thermolytic fragmentation of a sugar into C1-C3 oxygenates, comprising cooling the fragmentation product downstream of the reactor to a cooling temperature of from 230° C. to 390° C. and then separating solids from the fragmentation product cooled to the cooling temperature. The present invention also relates to a system for performing the thermolytic fragmentation of a sugar into C1-C3 oxygenates. The method and the system are suitable for industrial scale production.
C07C 45/60 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds from heterocyclic compounds with oxygen as the only hetero atom in six-membered rings
C07C 45/59 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds from heterocyclic compounds with oxygen as the only hetero atom in five-membered rings
C07C 45/78 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives
The present invention relates to a catalytic heat exchange reactor for carrying out endothermic or exothermic catalytic reactions with improved fluid sealing for high temperature reactions by means of sliding support of the heat transfer tubes in the reactor and heat exchange fluid cooling of a sandwich tube sheet.
B01J 8/06 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactorsChemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the solid particles being arranged in tubes
F28D 7/16 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
B01J 3/03 - Pressure vessels, or vacuum vessels, having closure members or seals specially adapted therefor
67.
LEAKAGE PROOF AND ASSEMBLY OPTIMIZED ELECTROLYSIS CELL AND ELECTROLYSIS CELL STACK
This invention concerns an electrolysis cell comprising an anode compartment with an anode in contact with an anode support, a cathode compartment with a cathode in contact with a cathode support, a separator between the anode and the cathode compartment and a sealing member for sealing an electrolyte in the anode and the cathode compartment, wherein the sealing member comprises a polymer blend of at least two different polymers A and B, wherein the polymer A is selected from the group consisting of polymers according to the following formula 1, (1) wherein n = 10 – 20.000, m = 0, 1 or 2, each R1222, CO, or isomeric forms or mixtures thereof; and polymer B is selected from the group consisting of synthetic elastomeric rubbers or mixtures thereof. Furthermore, the invention is directed to an electrolyser stack comprising two or more of the inventive electrolysis cells.
Process and plant for producing a hydrocarbon feed, comprising: providing a bio-crude oil feed comprising more than 10 wt % oxygen (O); supplying the bio-crude oil feed to a stabilization step in a stabilization reactor for producing a stabilized bio-crude oil feed comprising less O than said bio-crude oil feed; supplying the bio-crude oil feed or the optionally stabilized bio-crude oil feed to a hydrodoxygenation or deoxygenation (HDO/DO) step in a HDO/DO reactor, for producing a partly deoxygenated bio-crude oil feed comprising 2-10 wt % O; providing a vegetable oil and/or a fatty material feed; combining the partly deoxygenated bio-crude oil feed with the vegetable oil and/or a fatty material feed, for producing said hydrocarbon feed. The hydrocarbon feed may be further hydroprocessed into a hydrocarbon fuel.
C10G 49/00 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups , , , , or
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
69.
CONVERSION OF CARBON OXIDES TO SUSTAINABLE AVIATION FUEL (SAF)
A reforming system is provided for dedicated steam reforming of a stream rich in paraffins and/or olefins of a jet fuel synthesis plant incorporating the reforming system. The invention provides an overall more efficient feed-to-jet fuel system and process.
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 69/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one polymerisation or alkylation step
C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
Process and plant for producing a hydrocarbon feed comprising: providing a bio-crude oil feed comprising 0.1-5 wt % oxygen (O); providing a vegetable oil and/or fatty material feed; combining the bio-crude oil comprising 0.1-5 wt % O with the vegetable oil and/or fatty material feed, for producing said hydrocarbon feed; wherein said bio-crude oil feed comprising 0.1-5 wt % O is a waste tyre pyrolysis oil feed.
C10J 3/00 - Production of gases containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, e.g. synthesis gas or town gas, from solid carbonaceous materials by partial oxidation processes involving oxygen or steam
C10K 3/02 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment
C01B 3/02 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
The invention relates to the field of hydroprocessing of liquid oils such as pyrolysis oils, more specifically to the stabilization of the liquid oil by hydrotreating prior to being upgraded by further hydroprocessing. More particularly, the invention relates to the stabilization of pyrolysis oil containing polymerisable reactive compounds.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 45/38 - Selective hydrogenation of the diolefin or acetylene compounds characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
C10G 65/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps at least one step being a selective hydrogenation of the diolefins
C10G 65/16 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural parallel stages only including only refining steps
74.
PROCESS FOR INCREASING THE YIELD OF A STEAM CRACKER BY USING OFF-GAS FROM HYDROPROCESSING
C10G 9/36 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
C10G 69/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of thermal cracking in the absence of hydrogen
75.
COMBUSTION OF OFF-GASSES FOR PRODUCING A STEAM FEED FOR ELECTROLYSIS SECTION
A chemical plant is provided, in which an electrolysis section is arranged to receive at least a portion of a first steam feed and electrolyze it to provide a hydrogen stream and an oxygen- enriched stream. A first heat exchanger is arranged to receive at least a portion of the oxygen-enriched stream and a combustion air stream to transfer heat from the oxygen- enriched stream to the combustion air stream. The heated combustion air stream and at least a portion of an off-gas stream are arranged to be combusted in at least one burner so as to provide a combusted gas stream. A second heat exchanger is arranged to receive at least a portion of said combusted gas stream and said water stream. The second heat exchanger is arranged to transfer heat from the at least a portion of the combusted gas stream to the water stream so as to provide a cooled combusted gas stream and a steam stream. A process for production of a steam stream using a combustible off-gas stream in the chemical plant is also provided.
The present invention relates to operation of exothermic reactors, such as ammonia synthesis converters in an ammonia synthesis plant operating with a large range of plant loads. Embodiments include a method for operating an ammonia synthesis converter, a method for revamping an ammonia synthesis converter, and an ammonia synthesis converter.
B01J 8/04 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
77.
A PROCESS FOR STABILIZATION OF AN UNSTABLE RAW HYDROCARBONACEOUS PRODUCT
A first aspect of the invention relates to a process for production of a stabilized hydrocarbon product from solid feedstock, said method comprising the steps of, providing a solid feedstock for thermal decomposition, directing said solid feedstock for thermal decomposition to a thermal decomposition process to provide a fluid product of thermal decomposition and a solid phase, directing as raw feedstock at least an amount of said fluid product of thermal decomposition and an amount of hydrogen to contact a material catalytically active in hydrogenation of conjugated diolefinic carbon-carbon bonds under active conditions for hydrogenation of conjugated diolefinic carbon-carbon bonds, characterized in the ratio between hydrogen and raw feedstock is from 1 Nm3/m3 to 100 Nm3/m3. This has the associated benefit of such a process requiring only a low amount of hydrogen, while still providing a stabilized hydrocarbon product for transport.
C10G 45/38 - Selective hydrogenation of the diolefin or acetylene compounds characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
78.
SOE PLANT AND PROCESS FOR PERFORMING SOLID OXIDE ELECTROLYSIS
The present invention regards a process for operating a high-temperature solid oxide electrolysis system suitable for converting a fuel stream into a product stream as well as a system for carrying out the process. The process involves drying a moist flush gas and using the spent flush gas as regeneration gas in the drying unit.
B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapoursRecovering volatile solvents by condensation
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
B01J 20/08 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group comprising aluminium oxide or hydroxideSolid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group comprising bauxite
B01J 20/10 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
C07C 29/151 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
The present invention regards an improved water treatment system and a water treatment process for producing an oxygen depleted, dried process steam suitable for use in high-temperature solid oxide electrolysis. The system and the process has been simplified compared to prior art systems and processes.
The present invention relates to a method for supplying a compressed combined gas stream comprising hydrogen and carbon dioxide for at least one downstream process, preferably for production of alcohols (e.g. methanol) or carbon fuels. More specifically, disclosed is a method wherein the hydrogen gas stream is dosed with a carbon dioxide gas stream and the combined gas stream is compressed in a multistage compression system.
A plant, in particular a methanol plant, is provided, said plant comprising: a first biomass feed, a biomass digester, arranged to receive the first biomass feed and convert it to a biogas stream, a reformer section arranged to receive at least a portion of the biogas stream from the biomass digester and provide a first synthesis gas stream, a synthesis section, arranged to receive a synthesis gas stream from the reformer section and provide a raw product stream; and a first hydrocarbon-containing off-gas stream, and a distillation section arranged to receive at least a portion of the raw product stream and provide at least an upgraded product stream and a second hydrocarbon-containing off-gas stream. At least a portion of said first and/or at least a portion of said second off-gas stream is arranged to be recycled as additional feed to the biomass digester. A process using said plant is also described.
C12M 1/107 - Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology with means for collecting fermentation gases, e.g. methane
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C12M 1/00 - Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
C12M 1/02 - Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology with agitation meansApparatus for enzymology or microbiology with heat exchange means
83.
COMBINATION OF SYNTHESIS SECTION AND BIOGAS PRODUCING UNIT
A chemical plant and process are provided. The plant comprises a first biomass feed, a biomass digester arranged to receive the first biomass feed and provide a biogas stream, a reformer section arranged to receive at least a portion of the biogas stream and provide a first synthesis gas stream, and a first waste water stream, and a synthesis section arranged to receive a synthesis gas stream from the reformer section and provide a raw product stream. At least a portion of the first waste water stream is arranged to be fed to the biomass digester. In such a matter, water and heat produced downstream in the plant/process is recycled upstream in the plant/process.
C02F 11/04 - Anaerobic treatmentProduction of methane by such processes
B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in generalTheir relevant apparatus
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
An acetic acid plant and associated process is provided, in which a biogas stream is fed to a reformer section, in which a first synthesis gas stream is provided. An acetic acid synthesis section is arranged to receive a synthesis gas stream from the reformer section and provide a raw acetic acid product stream.
C07C 51/15 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reaction of organic compounds with carbon dioxide, e.g. Kolbe-Schmitt synthesis
C07C 51/44 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation by distillation
85.
REMOVAL OF SULFUR AND OXYGEN FROM CO2-RICH STREAMS
B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
86.
QUALITY CONTROL OF SOC STACKS USING ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY
The present invention regards a method of performing quality control (QC) of a solid oxide cell stack, the method comprising operating the solid oxide cell stack in electrolysis mode under a fuel side QC atmosphere comprising a reducing agent and an electrolyser feed at a QC current density of below 50% of the full current load; recording an electrochemical impedance (EIS) spectrum of the stack during such operation; and then comparing the obtained spectrum with a QC reference.
The disclosure relates to an electrochemical system comprising: an EIS output unit configured to provide an output signal; a plurality of electrochemical units; and one or more power supplies. Each respective electrochemical unit is separately electrically connected to the one or more power supplies via first and second paths. The first path electrically connects the respective electrochemical unit and the one or more power supplies via the output unit for supplying the output signal to the respective electrochemical unit. The second path electrically connects the respective electrochemical unit and the one or more power supplies separately from the output unit. Each of the first and second paths is separately switchable between: a coupled state in which the respective electrochemical unit and the one or more power supplies are electrically coupled; and a decoupled state in which the respective electrochemical unit and the one or more power supplies are electrically decoupled.
There is provided a power supply system, reactor, method, and medium. The power supply system is suitable for providing electrical power to a plurality of electrically conductive resistance heaters in a reactor assembly. The system comprises a plurality of power supply units, each configured to supply poly-phase electrical power having n phases to n electrically conductive resistance heater circuits each comprising one or more electrically conductive resistance heaters. The system is also provided with an electrical network configured to enable coupling of each power supply unit to a different default group of n electrically conductive resistance heater circuits to form a first configuration of a given circuit type. The electrical network is reconfigurable to divert power from a power supply unit to form a second configuration of the given circuit type, the second configuration comprising n electrically conductive resistance heater circuits from at least two different default groups.
B01J 8/06 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactorsChemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the solid particles being arranged in tubes
89.
CONVERSION OF CARBON DIOXIDE AND WATER TO SYNTHESIS GAS
The invention relates to a method for producing methanol via a synthesis gas produced by combining electrolysis of a water feedstock for producing a stream comprising hydrogen, and electrolysis of carbon dioxide rich stream for producing a stream comprising CO and CO2 in which the synthesis gas has a molar ratio CO/CO2 greater than 2. The invention relates also to a method for producing a synthesis gas by once-through co-electrolysis in a SOEC unit of a feed gas stream combining CO2 and steam.
C07C 29/151 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
A plant and process for producing a hydrogen rich gas are provided, said process including the steps of: steam reforming a hydrocarbon feed into a synthesis gas; shifting the synthesis gas and conducting the shifted gas to a hydrogen purification unit, subjecting CO2-rich off-gas from the hydrogen purification unit to a carbon dioxide removal in a low temperature CO2-removal section and recycling CO2-depleted off-gas rich in hydrogen to the process. A drying unit upstream the CO2-removal section is provided, under the addition of regeneration gas produced in the plant and process.
The invention at hand relates to an electrolysis cell, a process for the production of hydrogen by electrolysis and a cell stack comprising a multitude of the electrolysis cells, wherein each cell comprises an anode compartment, a cathode compartment and a separator, wherein a sealing member seals the electrolysis cell volume from the surrounding, the electrolysis cell electrolyte feed and/or electrolysis cell electrolyte outlet are located in the cell volume and comprise means for reducing stray currents.
Process and plant for producing a syngas and a hydrogen product from a hydrocarbon feed and improved carbon capture are provided, said process comprising the steps of: reforming a hydrocarbon feed by pre-reforming and autothermal reforming (ATR), thereby obtaining a syngas; shifting said syngas in a shift section; and wherein a portion of the shifted synthesis gas is recycled to the process, suitably to pre-reforming. No fired heater for preheating of hydrocarbon feed or for preheating of pre-reformed hydrocarbon feed is required.
C01B 3/48 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
A hydrotreatment reactor bed is provided, which comprises – in order – a first layer, a second layer, a third layer and a fourth layer. The BET-surface area, the total pore volume and the pore size distribution of the carrier materials in each layer are selected purposively, so as to best remove impurities, in particular phosphorous and/or silicon containing species.
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
C10G 49/00 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups , , , , or
B01J 8/04 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
22222222-depleted synthesis gas stream into a main synthesis gas stream; vii) supplying the main synthesis gas stream to a purification unit and withdrawing from the purification unit: an ammonia synthesis gas stream and a second off-gas stream; viii) supplying the ammonia synthesis gas stream to an ammonia synthesis unit and withdrawing from the ammonia synthesis unit an ammonia product stream; ix) supplying at least a portion of the second off-gas stream to the reforming unit.
A reforming system is provided for autothermal reforming of a by-product stream rich in paraffins of a gasoline synthesis plant incorporating the reforming system. The invention provides an overall more efficient feed-to-gasoline system and process.
C07C 1/12 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of carbon from carbon dioxide with hydrogen
B01J 8/02 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
C25B 15/08 - Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytesRegeneration of electrolytes
96.
HYDROPROCESSING OF RENEWABLE FEEDS FOR PRODUCING HYDROCARBON PRODUCTS
22233, as a first hydrogen-rich recycle gas stream; conducting the first hydrogen-rich recycle gas stream to a contact unit under the addition of: a second hydrogen-rich recycle gas stream and a second isomerized effluent stream from downstream separation in a hydroisomerization (ISOM) cold separator, in which the second hydrogen-rich recycle gas stream is a portion of the ISOM cold separator overhead vapor stream and the second isomerized effluent stream is at least a portion of the ISOM cold separator bottom stream; recycling another a portion of the ISOM cold separator overhead vapor stream to the HDO stripper; recycling via a recycle gas compressor at least a portion of the contact unit effluent gas stream; and separating, from the contact unit bottom effluent stream, said hydrocarbon product.
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10G 65/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
97.
HYDROPROCESSING OF RENEWABLE FEEDS FOR PRODUCING HYDROCARBON PRODUCTS
The invention relates to a process and plant for producing a hydrocarbon product from a renewable hydrocarbonaceous feedstock. The process includes hydroprocessing the renewable hydrocarbonaceous feedstock, which involves conducting the feed stream to a catalytic hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) unit to produce a hydrodeoxygenated effluent stream. This stream is then conducted to a hot separator and a cold separator, with portions of the overhead stream recycled back to the catalytic HDO unit. The bottom stream from the hot separator is conducted to a stripper, with the overhead stream combined with the bottom stream from said cold separator. Impurities are removed from the combined stream, and the resulting sour gas stream is conducted to a separator. The bottom stream from the stripper is conducted to a catalytic hydroisomerization (ISOM) unit to produce an isomerized effluent stream, which is then conducted to a cold separator. The hydrocarbon product, such as jet fuel for use as sustainable aviation fuel and/or hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO), is then separated from the bottom stream of the cold separator.
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10G 65/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
The present invention relates to an ammonia plant and process for production of ammonia. A syngas purification section comprises a PSA unit and a cryogenic CO2 removal unit. Heat from the shift section is used to generate electrical power in an alternator.
C01B 3/02 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
C01B 3/48 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solidsRegeneration of used solids
The present invention relates to the removal of organically bound fluorine in the processing of renewable feedstocks by hydrotreatment in the presence of low amounts of organically bound nitrogen.
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10B 53/07 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
C10G 1/08 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation with moving catalysts
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
C10G 45/10 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10G 45/12 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
C10G 65/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
Process and plant for producing methanol, the process comprising the steps of: a) providing a raw synthesis gas stream; b) water gas shifting at least a portion of the raw synthesis gas stream, thereby producing a shifted synthesis gas; c) preparing a separate hydrogen containing stream and a separate oxygen containing stream by electrolysis of a water feedstock; d) introducing at least a portion of the separate hydrogen containing stream into shifted synthesis gas, thereby producing a methanol synthesis gas; and e) converting the methanol synthesis gas into said methanol.
C07C 29/151 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
C01B 3/12 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
