A process for producing hydrocarbon fractions having sustainable content is provided In the process, a hydrotreatment feed having petroleum content as well as renewable and/or circular content is subjected to hydrotreatment to obtain a hydrotreatment effluent, which is fed to a separation stage from which at least three different distillates and a separation stage bottom are recovered. A residual marine fuel component is further recovered from the separation stage bottom. A hydrocracking feed comprising a portion of the separation stage bottom is subjected to hydrocracking to obtain a hydrocracking effluent, which is co-fed with the hydrotreatment effluent to the separation stage.
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10G 65/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
2.
ERADICATING UNDESIRED MICROORGANISMS IN ALGAL AQUACULTURE PROCESSES
The present approach describes apparatus, systems, methods, and uses for eradicating undesired microorganisms in an algal aquaculture medium. Under the present approach, an algal aquaculture system may employ one or more apparatus of the present approach to eradicate undesired microorganisms in algal aquaculture medium used in the algal aquaculture systems. In some embodiments, apparatus, systems, and methods of the present approach selectively eradicate undesired microorganisms and, if desired, frack the desired algal cells for subsequent harvesting operations.
A process for producing hydrocarbon fractions having renewable and/or circular content is provided In the process, a hydrotreatment feed having petroleum content as well as renewable and/or circular content is subjected to hydrotreatment to obtain a hydrotreatment effluent from which at least a naphtha fraction, a first middle distillate fraction, a second middle distillate fraction, and a first separation stage bottom are recovered. A hydroisomerisation feed comprising at least a portion of the first or the second middle distillate fraction is subjected to hydroisomerisation to obtain a hydroisomerisation effluent from which at least one or more aviation fuel range fraction and/or diesel fuel range fraction is/are recovered.
A process for producing rosin ester comprises preparing a reaction mixture comprising alcohol and rosin, where the rosin is gum rosin, wood rosin, or tall oil rosin. The process comprises spreading the reaction mixture on a heated surface to form a thin layer (201) of the reaction mixture where the esterification reaction takes place. The process comprises removing, from a gas space adjacent to the layer of the reaction mixture, water and other substances evaporated from the reaction mixture, and removing, from the heated surface, product in which the esterification reaction has produced the rosin ester. As the layer (201) of the reaction mixture is thin, mass transfer paths of water molecules leaving the reaction mixture are short and correspondingly an evaporation surface is large. This makes it possible to maintain a low water concentration in the reaction mixture and thereby to increase reaction speed.
The present invention relates to a method of processing liquefied biomass comprising a hydroliquefaction step of providing a liquefaction effluent by liquefying biomass in the presence of a hydrogen source and a slurry-type catalyst, and converting at least part of the bioasphaltenes into components of lower boiling points. The liquefaction effluent comprises oil product, bioasphaltenes and solids. The conversion step comprises recirculating at least a portion of the liquefaction effluent comprising bioasphaltenes to the hydroliquefaction step and/or subjecting at least a portion of the liquefaction effluent comprising bioasphaltenes to hydroprocessing.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 1/08 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation with moving catalysts
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 21/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents
C10G 45/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
C10G 47/00 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
C10G 67/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including solvent extraction as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen
Disclosed is a hydrocarbon composition containing isomerized paraffins having specific cut-off points in a distillation curve, a density from 768.0 to 772.0 kg/m3, a freezing point of equal to or lower than −40° C., and an amount of isomerized paraffins of over 90 wt-% as calculated from total paraffinic content of the hydrocarbon composition. The hydrocarbon composition can be used in combination with a fuel or fuel component, especially a jet fuel. Disclosed is also a method to produce a hydrocarbon composition. The isomerized paraffins in the hydrocarbon composition can be from a renewable source.
The invention relates to a method for regenerating a spent catalyst from an upgraded liquid lignocellulose-based material comprising oil product and the spent catalyst. The method comprises treating the spent catalyst with water, steam, liquid acid and/or acidic aqueous solution. The invention further relates to a regeneration of catalyst and its use.
B01J 38/06 - Gas or vapour treatingTreating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst using steam
B01J 38/60 - Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended using acids
B01J 38/62 - Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended using acids organic
C10G 1/08 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation with moving catalysts
B01J 38/48 - Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended
B01J 38/50 - Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended using organic liquids
B01J 38/52 - Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended using organic liquids oxygen-containing
Systems and processes for separating algal hydrophobic products from an algal biomass stream are disclosed. The process includes introducing the algal biomass stream into a counter-current separation device, the algal biomass stream containing an aqueous solution, an extraction solvent, algal hydrophobic products and an algal biomass; introducing an aqueous stream into the counter-current separation device, wherein the aqueous stream contacts the algal biomass stream, and allowing separation of an organic phase and an aqueous phase in the counter-current separation device, the organic phase containing at least a portion of the extraction solvent and at least a portion of the algal hydrophobic products, and the aqueous phase containing at least a portion of the algal biomass, wherein an interface is formed between the organic phase and the aqueous phase.
Systems and processes for recovering algal biomass are disclosed. These processes include extracting a rag layer containing an algal biomass from an algal concentrate; deoiling the rag layer to produce a deoiled algal slurry; dewatering the deoiled algal slurry to create a dewatered, deoiled algal biomass, the dewatering including contacting the deoiled algal slurry with a filtration system and washing the deoiled algal slurry with a washing media, the filtration system including at least one filtration membrane; and drying the dewatered, deoiled algal biomass. Processes and systems wherein the dewatering occurs before the deoiling are also disclosed.
The invention relates to a method for recovering a catalyst from an upgraded liquid bio-based material. The method comprises a step of providing a reaction effluent by means of a liquefaction reaction, the reaction effluent comprising at least oil product, the catalyst and coarse particles (liquefaction step), a step of separating coarse particles from the reaction effluent to provide a coarse-particle-depleted reaction effluent (coarse particles separation step), and a step of separating catalyst from the coarse-particle-depleted reaction effluent to provide a separated catalyst and a purified oil product (catalyst separation step).
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
B01J 8/22 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles with liquid as a fluidising medium gas being introduced into the liquid
C10G 1/08 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation with moving catalysts
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
11.
A WET EXTRACTION PROCESS IMPROVED BY ACIDIC AND CHELATING CONDITIONS
Disclosed herein are processes for extracting natural products from a biomass. The processes include forming an acidic feedstock stream having a pH of at most 4.0 and containing a biomass and an aqueous salt solution; contacting the acidic feedstock stream with an extraction solvent to form a dispersion; separating the dispersion into multiple layers, the layers including: a solvent extract layer containing at least one hydrophobic natural product and at least a portion of the extraction solvent, a raffinate layer containing at least a portion of the aqueous salt solution, and a rag layer containing at least a portion of a lipid-depleted biomass; and recovering at least part of the solvent extract layer, at least part of the raffinate layer and/or at least part of the rag layer. Systems configured to perform the processes are also disclosed.
Herein is described a method for the production of liquid hydrocarbon composition, comprising i) providing carbonaceous feedstock (a); ii) subjecting the carbonaceous feedstock (a) to catalytic hydroliquefaction (10) in the presence of hydrogen to obtain a product mixture comprising liquid hydrocarbons and off-gas; iii) separating (20) the liquid hydrocarbons and the off-gas to obtain a first liquid fraction (b-1) and a first gaseous fraction (c-1) iv) converting (30) in gas phase at least part of the light oxygenates comprised in the first gaseous fraction (c-1) and v) converting in the presence of water steam at least part of the carbon monoxide (CO) comprised in the first gaseous fraction (c-1) and/or produced in step iv) to carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2) by water gas shift reaction, to obtain a CO2 and H2 enriched first gaseous fraction (c-1e); and vi) separating (40) non-condensables from the CO2 and H2 enriched first gaseous fraction (C-1e) to obtain a second gaseous fraction (c-2) and a second liquid fraction (b-2); vii) recovering (50) at least part of H2 from the second gaseous fraction (c-2) and recirculating at least part, of the recovered H2 to step ii); viii) recovering the first liquid fraction (b-1) and/or the second liquid fraction (b-2) to provide a liquid hydrocarbon composition.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C01B 3/24 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
C01B 3/36 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 1/08 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation with moving catalysts
C10K 3/04 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment reducing the carbon monoxide content
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
Provided herein is a method for the production of hydrocarbon composition, comprising: i) providing carbonaceous feedstock (1); ii) subjecting the carbonaceous feedstock (a) to catalytic hydroliquefaction (10) in the presence of hydrogen (91) to obtain a product mixture (11); iii) separating (20) the product mixture (11) into liquid a first liquid fraction (61) and a first gaseous fraction (21); iv) recovering at least part of H2 from the first gaseous fraction (21) to obtain a H2 depleted second gaseous fraction (22), and recirculating (93) at least part of the recovered H2 to step ii); v) subjecting at least part of the H2 depleted second gaseous fraction (22) to partial oxygenation (POx) to convert (40) at least part of the light hydrocarbons comprised in the H2 depleted first gaseous fraction (22) to syngas to obtain a third gaseous fraction comprising syngas; vi) converting in the presence of water steam at least part of the carbon monoxide (CO) comprised in the third gaseous fraction to carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2) to obtain a CO2 and H2 enriched third gaseous fraction (23); vii) recovering (50) at least part of H2 (94) from the CO2 and H2 enriched third gaseous fraction (23) and recirculating at least part of the recovered H2 to step ii); and viii) recovering the first liquid fraction (b-1) to provide a liquid hydrocarbon composition.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C01B 3/24 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
C01B 3/36 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 1/08 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation with moving catalysts
C10K 3/04 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment reducing the carbon monoxide content
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
The present invention relates to a method for processing a low-temperature Fischer-Tropsch reaction effluent (1) into a fuel product, the method comprising fractionating the Fischer-Tropsch effluent; processing the C5 and higher hydrocarbons by a catalytic isomerising hydrocracking (7) to produce an isomerised product (8); fractionating the isomerised product to obtain hydrogen (11), a mixture of gases (12) at least mainly other than hydrogen, water (15), at least one fuel product (16, 16') and a fraction consisting mainly of C17 and higher hydrocarbons (17). The method also comprises directing at least part of the gases to a reverse water gas shift reaction (18); and recycling the fraction consisting mainly of C17 and higher hydrocarbons from the third fractionation to the catalytic isomerising hydrocracking.
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10K 3/02 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment
15.
NOVEL METHOD FOR REMOVING DEMULSIFIERS FROM A FEEDSTOCK
The present disclosure provides a diesel fuel component produced from feedstock of biological origin and a method for producing the same. The present disclosure provides diesel fuel blends containing the diesel fuel component of biological origin and at least one additional diesel fuel.
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 67/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system (1) comprising a rotatable hollow chamber (2) having a front end (3) and a back end (4), a feeding system (5) configured to feed material into the hollow chamber (2) via at least one feed outlet (7), a gas outlet (8) for collecting a product comprising a gas (9) from at least partially pyrolyzed material, wherein the system (1) is configured to allow flowing of the gas (9) from at least partially pyrolyzed material within the rotatable hollow chamber (2) substantially in a direction from the front end (3) to the back end (4), and a heating system (10) comprising a muffle (6) enclosing at least a part of the rotatable hollow chamber (2) thereby providing a cavity (23) between at least a part of an outer surface (14) of the rotatable hollow chamber (2) and a wall (20) of the muffle (6), wherein a heating gas inlet (11) for guiding a heating gas (15) into the cavity (13) is located in the proximity of the back end (4) of the rotatable hollow chamber (2) and a heating gas outlet (12) for guiding the heating gas (15) out of the cavity (13) is located in the proximity of the front end (3) of the rotatable hollow chamber (2), wherein the heating system (10) further comprises at least one first cooling gas inlet (16) between the heating gas inlet (11) and the heating gas outlet (12) for guiding a cooling gas (17) into the cavity (13) in order to mix the cooling gas (17) with the heating gas (15) present in the cavity (13), and wherein the heating gas inlet (11) comprises a vent (19) capable of adjusting, limiting or blocking a heating gas flow into the cavity (13).
The present invention relates to a method for processing a low-temperature Fischer- Tropsch process effluent (1) into a fuel product, the method comprising fractionating the Fischer-Tropsch effluent in a first fractionation (2), separating water and oxygenates (4); and processing a fraction consisting mainly of C17 and higher hydrocarbons by a catalytic hydrocracking (21) to produce a hydrocracked liquid product (22) and a further fraction consisting mainly of C17 and higher hydrocarbons (23). Thereafter the liquid products are processed by catalytic hydroisomerisation (7) to produce a product mixture (8), which is fractionated in a second fractionation (9) and a third fractionation (14). The method further comprises directing at least some of the gases to a reverse water gas shift reaction (18); and recycling a heavy fraction consisting mainly of C17 and higher hydrocarbons to the first fractionation (2).
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
B01D 21/00 - Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10G 45/62 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10G 45/64 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
C10G 47/00 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
C10K 3/02 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment
19.
ROTARY KILN REACTOR AND METHOD OF OPERATING A ROTARY KILN REACTOR
According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rotary kiln reactor (1) comprising a rotatable hollow chamber (2) having a front end (3) and a back end (4), a feeding system (5) configured to feed material into the hollow chamber (2) via at least one feed outlet (6), a gas outlet (7) for collecting a product comprising a gas (8) from at least partially pyrolyzed material, a residue outlet (9), wherein at least one movable object (10) is arranged within the rotatable hollow chamber (2), and an internal structure (17) is fixedly attached to an inner surface (15) of the rotatable hollow chamber (2) between the at least one movable object (10 and the back end (4), wherein an inner diameter of the structure (17) is smaller than an inner diameter of the rotatable hollow chamber (2).
C10B 53/00 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
C10B 53/07 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
F27B 7/18 - Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being movable within the drum
F23G 5/20 - Methods or apparatus, e.g. incinerators, specially adapted for combustion of waste or low-grade fuels with combustion in rotating or oscillating drums
F27B 7/20 - Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
The present invention relates to a marine fuel blend having a kinematic viscosity of 2-30 mm2/s as measured at 50° C. according to EN ISO 3104:2020 and comprising 0.5-50 vol-% of palm oil effluent sludge bottom.
According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an arrangement (1) comprising a rotary kiln reactor (2) comprising a rotatable pyrolysis chamber (3) for obtaining a gas from at least partially pyrolyzed material, wherein the reactor (2) comprises a first stationary coupler (4), wherein the first stationary coupler (4) comprises a first rotating swivel (17), and a chain (6) only mechanically coupled to the first stationary coupler (4) at a first end (7) of the chain (6), wherein the chain (6) is arranged such that a part of the chain (6) is in mechanical contact with an inner surface (8) of the rotatable pyrolysis chamber (3) during operation of the reactor (2).
C10B 47/30 - Other processes in rotary ovens or retorts
C10B 53/07 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
F27B 7/16 - Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum
F23G 5/20 - Methods or apparatus, e.g. incinerators, specially adapted for combustion of waste or low-grade fuels with combustion in rotating or oscillating drums
22.
A METHOD FOR PRODUCING TRANSPORTATION FUELS AND COMPONENTS THERETO
The present invention concerns a method for producing jet fuel, diesel, or components thereto from a pretreated feed comprising at least 90 wt.-% liquid paraffins by hydroisomerization reaction using metal impregnated EU-2 based zeolite on a support as the catalyst. According to the method desired product distribution is adjusted by hydroisomerization reaction temperature.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
B01J 29/89 - Silicates, aluminosilicates or borosilicates of titanium, zirconium or hafnium
C01B 39/44 - Ferrierite type, e.g. types ZSM-21, ZSM-35 or ZSM-38
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/64 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
A method for treating a lipid feedstock (a), comprising i) providing the lipid feedstock (a); ii) optionally removing free water from the lipid feedstock (a); iii) removing solid impurities from the lipid feedstock (a) to obtain a conditioned lipid feedstock (b); iv) heating the conditioned lipid feedstock (b) to a desired heat treatment temperature; v) heat-treating the conditioned lipid feedstock (b) at a heat treatment temperature of at least 150 °C to obtain a heat-treated lipid feedstock (c); vi) optionally further treating the heat-treated lipid feedstock (c) with an acid and/or adsorbent material to obtain a further treated lipid feedstock (d); vii) recovering the heat-treated lipid feedstock (c) and/or the further treated lipid feedstock (d) by phase separation to obtain a purified lipid feedstock (e); and viii) optionally subjecting the purified lipid feedstock (d) to hydroprocessing to obtain at least one renewable hydrocarbon product.
Herein is described a method for treating lipid material for chlorine removal. In said method the combined alkali treatment and heat-treating convert organic chlorine compounds into inorganic chlorine compounds, which are removed from the matrix more easily than said organic chlorine compounds.
Provided herein a method of purifying lipid feedstock, comprising i) providing the lipid feedstock (a); ii) when the net elementary charge Q1 of the lipid feedstock (a) is below 0 mmol/kg, adjusting the net elementary charge of the lipid feedstock (a) to total net elementary charge Qt of at least 0 mmol/kg, such as from 0 to 10 mmol/kg, preferably at least 0.5 mmol/kg, such as from 0.5 to 5 mmol/kg, more preferably at least 1 mmol/kg, such as 1 to 3 mmol/kg, by mixing the lipid feedstock (a) with a charge balancing component comprising, or consisting of, a metal compound; and iii) optionally adjusting the free fatty acid (FFA) concentration of the the lipid feedstock (a) to above 2 wt%, such as 2.5 to 40 wt%, preferably at least 3 wt%, such as from 3 to 30 wt%, more preferably to at least 4 wt%, such as from 4 to 20 wt%, even more preferably from 4 to 10 wt%, of the total weight of the resulting lipid feedstock; and iv) removing solid impurities, and optionally excess water, from the lipid feedstock (a); to obtain a conditioned lipid feedstock (b) having a total net elementary charge Qt within the values defined in step ii); v) heating the conditioned lipid feedstock (b), preferably in the presence of water, at a temperature from 180 to 325 °C to obtain a heat-treated lipid feedstock (c); vi) optionally further treating the heat-treated lipid feedstock (c) with an acid and/or adsorbent material, preferably under bleaching conditions, to obtain a further treated lipid feedstock (d); and vii) recovering the heat-treated lipid feedstock (c) and/or the further treated lipid feedstock (d) by phase-separation to obtain a purified lipid feedstock (e). Further provided herein is a process for providing renewable hydrocarbons, comprising x) purifying lipid feedstock by the provided method to obtain purified lipid material, and y) subjecting the purified lipid material to hydroprocessing to obtain at least one renewable hydrocarbon.
The present invention relates to a method for producing renewable C3-C8 hydrocarbons D from renewable feedstock A, in particular to methods comprising separate hydrodeoxygenation (20) hydrocracking (40) steps, wherein the hydrocracking is performed using metal impregnated mesoporous molecular sieves embedded with ZSM-23 zeolite or Beta zeolite as catalyst.
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
B01J 29/04 - Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites, pillared clays
B01J 29/70 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolitesIsomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups
The present disclosure relates to producing hydrocarbons from a feedstock containing organic material of biological origin. An exemplary process includes providing a feedstock including organic material of biological origin; pre-treating the feedstock in one or more pre-treatment stages to obtain a purified feedstock; subjecting the purified feedstock to pre-hydrotreatment to obtain a stream of partly hydrotreated feed; subjecting the stream of partly hydrotreated feed to hydrotreatment to obtain a stream of hydrocarbons; subjecting the stream of hydrocarbons to isomerisation to obtain an isomerised stream of hydrocarbons; and distilling the isomerised stream of hydrocarbons to obtain at least two fractions, a first heavy bottom fraction and a second middle fraction, at least one of which is collected as a product of hydrocarbons.
The present disclosure provides a marine fuel component produced from feedstock of biological origin and a method for producing the same. The present disclosure provides marine fuel blends containing the marine fuel component of biological origin and at least one additional marine fuel.
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 67/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
The present disclosure provides a process for producing hydrocarbons from a feedstock including organic material of biological origin, by providing a feedstock including organic material of biological origin; pre-treating the feedstock in one or more pre-treatment stages to obtain a purified feedstock; subjecting the purified feedstock to pre-hydrotreatment to obtain a stream of partly hydrotreated feed; distilling the stream of partly hydrotreated feed to obtain at least two fractions, a first heavy bottom fraction which is removed from the process, and a second middle fraction which is collected for further treatment; subjecting the collected middle fraction to hydrotreatment to obtain a stream of hydrocarbons; and subjecting the stream of hydrocarbons to isomerization to obtain an isomerised stream of hydrocarbons.
C10G 69/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of catalytic cracking in the absence of hydrogen
C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
31.
HEAT TREATMENT WITH ADSORPTION PURIFICATION OF ORGANIC MATERIAL OF BIOLOGICAL ORIGIN
The present disclosure provides a method of purifying an organic material of biological origin, which includes providing a feedstock containing organic material of biological origin; purifying the feedstock in a pre-treatment step including heating the feedstock in a presence of an adsorbent at a temperature of at least 150° C., to obtain a heat-treated feedstock; filtering the heat-treated feedstock to remove adsorbent and to obtain a purified feedstock; and optionally subjecting the purified feedstock to further processing, wherein the purifying is performed in a cone vessel having a first cross sectional area in an upper part of the vessel which decreases downwards to a second cross sectional area, which is smaller than the first cross sectional area.
The present disclosure provides a process for producing hydrocarbons from a feedstock containing organic material of biological origin. An exemplary process includes providing a feedstock containing organic material of biological origin; subjecting the feedstock to pre-hydrotreatment, wherein the pre-hydrotreatment is carried out in an ebullated bed reactor, to obtain a partly hydrotreated feed; subjecting the partly hydrotreated feed to hydrotreatment, wherein the hydrotreatment is carried out in a fixed bed reactor, to obtain a stream of hydrocarbons; and subjecting the stream of hydrocarbons to isomerisation to obtain an isomerised stream of hydrocarbons.
The present disclosure relates to a base oil hydrocarbon composition containing a total paraffin content of from 50 wt. % to 65 wt. %, of which at least 90% are isomerised paraffins, a naphthenes content of from 25 wt. % to 35 wt. %, aromatics in an amount of 4 wt. % to 16 wt. % based on a total weight of the composition, and wherein the composition has a pour point of −26° C. to −32° C. and a kinematic viscosity 100° C. of 7 to 17 cSt. The base oil hydrocarbon composition is obtained from a feedstock containing organic material of biological origin, such as crude tall oil. A process produces a base oil hydrocarbon product from a feedstock including organic material of biological origin.
Herein is described method for purifying liquefied waste plastic, LWP, the method comprising the steps of i) providing a liquefied waste plastic feed (a); ii) pretreating the liquefied waste plastic feed (a) to obtain a pretreated feed (b), wherein the pretreating comprises mixing the liquefied waste plastic feed (a) with an aqueous solution to obtain an admixture, and heat-treating said admixture to obtain the pretreated feed (b); iii) phase separating the pretreated feed (b) to obtain a pretreated oil (c); iv) contacting an adsorbent with the pretreated oil (c) by dispersing the adsorbent with the pretreated oil (c) to obtain an oil-adsorbent admixture (d); and v) subjecting the oil-adsorbent admixture (d) to a solid-liquid separation to obtain purified oil (e). Herein is further described use of the purified oil in at least one catalytic hydrotreating step to obtain LWP hydrocarbons. Herein is yet further described use of high temperature pretreatment and adsorption sequentially for purifying liquefied waste plastic.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C08J 11/14 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with steam or water
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 19/02 - Refining hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment with aqueous alkaline solutions
C10G 25/06 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents with moving sorbents or sorbents dispersed in the oil
C10G 31/09 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for by filtration
C10G 31/10 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for with the aid of centrifugal force
C10G 67/14 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including at least two different refining steps in the absence of hydrogen
C10B 53/07 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
The invention relates to an improved method for treating liquefied waste plastics including providing a volume of the liquefied waste plastics-based oil, subjecting the volume of LWP-based oil to a heat treatment, phase separating the resulting heat-treated mixture volume a first aqueous phase volume and a first oil phase volume, isolating the first aqueous phase volume, adjusting the pH of the first aqueous phase volume to pH 9.0 or below, and phase-separating the pH adjusted volume into at least a second aqueous phase volume and a second oil phase volume.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 17/04 - Liquid-liquid treatment forming two immiscible phases
C10G 19/02 - Refining hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment with aqueous alkaline solutions
C10G 29/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
C10G 31/06 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for by heating, cooling, or pressure treatment
C10G 53/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only including at least one extraction step
C10G 53/10 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only including at least one acid-treatment step
C10G 53/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only including at least one alkaline-treatment step
C02F 1/66 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisationTreatment of water, waste water, or sewage pH adjustment
36.
MIDDLE DISTILLATE FUEL FROM ORGANIC MATERIAL OF BIOLOGICAL ORIGIN
The present disclosure relates to a middle distillate fuel composition obtainable from crude tall oil (CTO) optionally including tall oil pitch (TOP) or tall oil pitch (TOP), the composition including n- and i-paraffins in an amount of 55 wt. % to 70 wt. %, of which i-paraffins content is equal to or more than 80%, cycloalkanes in an amount of 30 wt. % to 40 wt. %, and C7-C20 aromatics in an amount of 0.1 wt. % to 5 wt. %, wherein cetane number of the fuel composition is at least 60 and density of the fuel composition is at least 800 kg/m3.
C10G 65/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/02 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
37.
PRODUCING HYDROCARBONS FROM ORGANIC MATERIAL OF BIOLOGICAL ORIGIN
The present disclosure provides a process for producing hydrocarbons from a feedstock containing organic material of biological origin. The process includes: providing a feedstock containing organic material of biological origin; pre-treating the feedstock in one or more pre-treatment stages to obtain a purified feedstock; subjecting the purified feedstock to pre-hydrotreatment to obtain a stream of partly hydrotreated feed; subjecting the stream of partly hydrotreated feed to hydrotreatment to obtain a stream of hydrocarbons; distilling the stream of hydrocarbons to obtain at least two fractions, a first heavy bottom fraction which is removed from the process, and a second middle fraction, which is collected for further processing; and subjecting the collected middle fraction to isomerisation to obtain an isomerised stream of hydrocarbons.
C10G 65/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/62 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
38.
PROCESSES AND SYSTEMS FOR PREPARING AND DELIVERING A CONDITIONED AQUEOUS MEDIUM TO ONE OR MORE ALGAL GROWTH PONDS
The present invention relates to the growth of algae, in particular to processes and systems for preparing and delivering an algal growth medium to one or more algal aquaculture ponds that significantly reduces capital and operating costs relative to known processes and systems, and that provides for a uniform algal growth medium that can be delivered to a plurality of algal aquaculture ponds when a plurality of algal aquaculture ponds is present.
Processes and systems are disclosed herein for culturing algae and/or the reduction in pathogenic microbes from shrimp, fish or other marine aquacultural process streams, e.g., waste or recycle streams, wherein the process streams are fed to an algal aquaculture pond operated at a salinity of at least about 7 wt-%, and wherein valuable nutrients are utilized by the algae.
The present disclosure relates to thermal cracking a renewable stabilized naphtha-range hydrocarbon feed and a cracking effluent. A method includes providing a renewable stabilized naphtha-range hydrocarbon feed; thermally cracking the renewable stabilized naphtha-range hydrocarbon feed in a thermal cracking furnace, optionally together with co-feed(s) and/or additive(s); and subjecting the effluent of the thermal cracking furnace to a separation treatment to provide at least a light olefin(s) fraction.
C10G 69/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one polymerisation or alkylation step
The present invention relates to a method for producing renewable aviation fuel D or components thereto from a feed-stock A of biological origin, in particular to methods comprising separate hydrodeoxygenation 20 and hydroisomerization 40 steps wherein the hydroisomerization is performed in the presence of a catalyst comprising a noble metal, a 12-membered ring zeolite with a pore size below 0.7 nm.
C10G 45/64 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
42.
SUSTAINABLE THERMAL CRACKING METHOD, PRODUCTS THEREOF AND CRACKER FEED
The present disclosure relates to a method of providing a renewable cracker feed obtainable by fractionating an isomeric hydrocarbon composition having an i-paraffins content of 85.0 wt.-% or more and a carbon range in a range of from 20 to 32 into at least a lower-boiling fraction and a higher-boiling fraction, and providing at least part of the lower-boiling fraction or at least part of the higher-boiling fraction as the renewable cracker feed; thermally cracking the renewable cracker feed in a thermal cracking furnace, optionally together with co-feed(s) and/or additive(s); and subjecting an effluent of the thermal cracking furnace to a separation treatment to provide at least a light olefin(s) fraction. A polymer composition obtainable by use of olefin(s) in the light olefin(s) fraction is also disclosed.
C10G 47/22 - Non-catalytic cracking in the presence of hydrogen
C10G 55/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by at least one refining process and at least one cracking process plural serial stages only including at least one thermal cracking step
The present disclosure relates to a process for producing rosin oils from a renewable material comprising rosin acid such as from a feedstock comprising crude tall oil. According to the process, rosin acid present in the renewable material is separated (101), and a stream comprising at least part of the separated rosin acid is subjected to thermal decarboxylation reaction (102) to produce a stream comprising formed rosin oil, and recovering (103) rosin oil from the stream. The disclosure also relates to a system for carrying out the process, as well as to uses of the rosin oil obtainable by the process as renewable feedstock in co-processing with fossil feedstock for increasing renewable content of fossil transportation fuels and/or chemical and in co-processing with other renewable feedstocks for production of renewable fuels and/or chemicals, or components thereto. The disclosure also relates to a rosin oil product obtainable by the process.
A method for treating a gaseous composition is herein disclosed. The method includes subjecting a gaseous composition comprising H2, methane, ethane, propane, and hydrocarbons having a carbon number of at least C4 to distillation in a thermally coupled distillation system to recover a propane composition.
A method is disclosed for purifying animal waste feedstock. The method comprises providing animal waste feedstock (100) containing fat solids, and heating said animal waste feedstock (100) to an elevated temperature of 100° C. or below to liquefy (102) the fat solids in the animal waste feedstock (100), thereby obtaining liquefied fat. The liquefied fat is isolated from solid material to obtain isolated liquefied fat. The isolated liquefied fat is subjected to bleaching (106) in the presence of acid (113) and sorbent to obtain bleached liquefied fat.
The disclosure relates to a method for upgrading liquefied waste plastic, wherein the method includes a step of providing a liquefied waste plastic feed, a step of thermally cracking the liquefied waste plastic feed in a thermal cracking reactor, and a step of separating at least a fraction including ethylene from the effluent of the thermal cracking reactor, wherein the liquefied waste plastic feed has a content ratio of i-olefins to n-olefins of 3.0 or less. The disclosure also provides a liquefied waste plastic feed for thermal cracking.
C10G 9/36 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
Current invention describes a process for producing poly-α-olefins, the process comprises providing at least one α-olefin monomer and a catalyst, and letting the at least one α-olefin monomer react in the presence of the catalyst to form a mixture of poly-α-olefins (PAO). The obtained mixture of poly-α-olefins is fractionated to two PAO fractions wherein the two PAO fractions are a first fraction of PAO having a kinematic viscosity of 5 cSt or lower and a second fraction of PAO having a kinematic viscosity of more than 5 cSt. Optionally a recycle fraction is also obtained in the fractionation and at least a part of the recycle fraction comprising dimers of the α- olefins can be recycled back to the reaction step. The process further comprises a step where the obtained two PAO fractions are directly subjected to separate hydrogenation to obtain hydrogenated PAO fractions.
C10K 3/02 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment
49.
NOVEL METHOD FOR REMOVAL OF INORGANIC CHLORIDE COMPOUNDS FROM A FEEDSTOCK
C11B 3/10 - Refining fats or fatty oils by adsorption
B01J 20/10 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
The present invention relates to a method for producing renewable C3 hydrocarbons D and renewable aromatic hydrocarbons E from a renewable feedstock A, in particular to methods comprising hydrodeoxygenation (20) and catalytic cracking (40) steps wherein the catalytic cracking is catalysed by a catalyst comprising a zeolite and a support, wherein the zeolite is a 12-membered ring zeolite with a pore size below 0.7 nm.
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 11/20 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert heated gases or vapours
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
The present disclosure describes a process for producing poly-α-olefins. The process includes providing at least one α-olefin monomer and a catalyst, and letting the at least one α-olefin monomer react in the presence of the catalyst to form a mixture of poly-α-olefins (PAO). The obtained mixture of poly-α-olefins is fractionated to two PAO fractions wherein the two PAO fractions are a first fraction of PAO having a kinematic viscosity of 5 cSt or lower and a second fraction of PAO having a kinematic viscosity of more than 5 cSt. Optionally a recycle fraction is also obtained in the fractionation and at least a part of the recycle fraction including dimers of the α-olefins can be recycled back to the reaction step.
C10G 69/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one polymerisation or alkylation step
C10G 69/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of catalytic cracking in the absence of hydrogen
The present disclosure relates to a method for producing propylene C, in particular to methods comprising catalytic cracking 10 of a feed containing sustainable hydrocarbons A with zeolites having a framework type MTW.
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 11/02 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils characterised by the catalyst used
C10G 11/10 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with stationary catalyst bed
C10G 11/18 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised bed" technique
C10G 21/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents
C10G 45/62 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10G 51/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more cracking processes only plural serial stages only
C10G 65/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
C10G 65/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps at least one step being a selective hydrogenation of the diolefins
C10G 69/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of catalytic cracking in the absence of hydrogen
Herein is provided a renewable hydrocarbon composition comprising n-paraffins and i- paraffins, wherein the sum amount of any C8-C16 i-paraffins is from 50 to 94 wt-% of the total hydrocarbon composition weight, the kinematic viscosity at -20 °C of the hydrocarbon composition is from 3.7 to 8 mm2/s, and the weighted average carbon number of the hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon composition is from 12.1 to 14.2.
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/62 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10G 47/02 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions characterised by the catalyst used
C10G 55/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by at least one refining process and at least one cracking process plural serial stages only including at least one catalytic cracking step
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C10G 45/64 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
55.
A METHOD FOR PRODUCING RENEWABLE GAS, RENEWABLE NAPHTHA, AND RENEWABLE JET FUEL
The present invention relates to a method for producing renewable gas D, renewable naphtha E, and renewable jet fuel F or components thereto from a renewable feedstock A, in particular to methods comprising separate hydrodeoxygenation (20) and hydroisomerization steps (40) wherein the hydroisomerization is performed in the presence of a metal impregnated ZSM-23 catalyst.
C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
C10G 49/08 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups , , , , or characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
The present invention relates to a method for producing renewable aviation fuel D or components thereto from renewable feedstock A comprising separate hydrodeoxygenation (20) hydroisomerization step (40), wherein the hydroisomerization is catalysed by metal impregnated hierarchical zeolite catalyst.
A multipurpose oil comprising a renewable hydrocarbon base stock and an anionic surfactant composition, and a method for producing the same are disclosed. Use of the multipurpose oil for at least two or more of anticorrosion, penetration, lubrication, water displacement, and/or cleaning, is further disclosed.
The invention relates to a method for upgrading liquefied waste plastic (LWP) comprising providing a liquefied waste plastic-based feedstock (LWP-based feedstock), subjecting the LWP-based feedstock to mild hydrotreatment in the presence of hydrogen and a hydrogenation catalyst to provide a hydrotreated LWP, providing the hydrotreated LWP, after optional blending with a first hydrocarbon feed, as a first hydrocracking feed, and/or fractionating the hydrotreated LWP to obtain at least a naphtha fraction and a heavy fraction, and providing the heavy fraction, after optional blending with a second hydrocarbon feed, as a second hydrocracking feed, hydrocracking the first hydrocracking feed and/or the second hydrocracking feed in a moving-catalyst type reactor system in the presence of hydrogen and a hydrogenation catalyst to obtain a hydrocracked product, and fractionating the hydrocracked product to obtain at least a distillate fraction and a residue fraction.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 65/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
C10G 65/10 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only cracking steps
C10G 65/14 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural parallel stages only
C08J 11/14 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with steam or water
C10G 19/02 - Refining hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment with aqueous alkaline solutions
C10G 45/02 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing
The present invention relates to a method of upgrading liquefied waste plastic into petrochemical products and to a process plant suited to carry out this method. The method comprises a liquefied waste plastic-based feedstock, purifying and fractionating the liquefied waste plastic-based feedstock to obtain one or more distillate fractions and a purified residue fraction, hydrocracking the purified residue fraction, and finishing at least one of the distillate fractions and/or the hydrocracked product.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C08J 11/14 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with steam or water
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 19/02 - Refining hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment with aqueous alkaline solutions
C10G 45/02 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing
C10G 65/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
C10G 65/10 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only cracking steps
The present invention relates to a marine fuel blend having a kinematic viscosity of 1-700 mm2/s as measured at 50° C. according to EN ISO 3104:1996 and comprising 0.5-50 vol-% of refined cashew nut shell liquid, which cashew 5 nut shell liquid comprises at least 50 wt-% of cardanol.
An apparatus for estimating a quality parameter related to a product or a feed of processing of organic substances includes measurement devices for measuring density and temperature of the product or the feed. A data processing system computes an estimate for the quality parameter based on an estimation formula whose input variables include the measured density and temperature. The data processing system repeatedly updates the model parameters of the estimation formula based on received laboratory test results and on densities and temperatures of the product or the feed.
G05B 13/04 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
37 - Construction and mining; installation and repair services
Goods & Services
Charging stations for electric vehicles; Electric vehicle charging piles; Electric charging cables. Charging of electric vehicles; installation, maintenance and repair of charging stations for electric vehicles.
63.
NOVEL METHOD FOR REMOVING NITROGEN CONTAINING COMPOUNDS FROM A FEEDSTOCK
A process for selection of a pretreatment for a renewable feedstock comprising organic nitrogen impurities prior to feeding said feedstock into catalytic hydrotreating and isomerization can include removal of nitrogen impurities to protect the catalysts of the following process steps from deactivation and prolongs the catalyst life. Some of the nitrogen impurities disclosed herein have not been found or reported previously in renewable feedstocks.
B01D 15/16 - Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to the conditioning of the fluid carrier
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
65.
DIESEL FUEL COMPOSITION AND A METHOD FOR PRODUCING A DIESEL FUEL COMPOSITION
Disclosed herein are methods for manufacturing and using a diesel fuel composition comprising a cetane number improver, a fossil fuel component, and a hydrotreated renewable fuel component manufactured by hydrotreating and isomerising renewable raw material.
C10L 10/14 - Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving low temperature properties
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10G 65/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
C10L 1/23 - Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one nitrogen-to-oxygen bond, e.g. nitro-compounds, nitrates, nitrites
C10L 10/12 - Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving the cetane number
A method of upgrading liquefied waste plastic (LWP) to a mixture of purified hydrocarbons is hereby provided. The method includes the steps of providing a feed including liquefied waste plastic (LWP) and a vacuum gas oil (VGO) stream and/or a heavy gas oil (HGO) stream to form a mixed stream, subjecting the mixed stream to hydrotreatment for removal of impurities and to produce a hydrotreated stream, subjecting the hydrotreated stream to hydrocracking to produce a hydrocracked stream including a mixture of purified hydrocarbons and fractionating the hydrocracked stream.
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
67.
A METHOD AND AN APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING A PRODUCTION PLANT
An apparatus (304) for controlling a production volume of a production plant comprises a data processing system (305) configured to generate a control variable based on a resource variable that is indicative of known or predicted availability of a production resource as a function of time, and to control the production volume based on the control variable. To generate an updated value of the control variable for a future time moment, the data processing system is configured to compute a difference between a future value of the resource variable and a current value of the control variable, and to compute the updated value of the control variable based on the difference. As the updated control variable is based on the difference between the future value of the resource variable and the current value of the control variable, anticipating control actions can be done to adapt operation of the production plant.
G05B 13/04 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
G05B 17/02 - Systems involving the use of models or simulators of said systems electric
F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
A process, and a system configured to perform the process, is provided which is used to manufacture a jet fuel component from syngas, such as from a syngas produced by reverse water shift gas reaction of carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas.
C07C 1/04 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
C07C 5/03 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation of non-aromatic carbon-to-carbon double bonds
C07C 9/22 - Acyclic saturated hydrocarbons with more than fifteen carbon atoms
C07C 7/11 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by absorption, i.e. purification or separation of gaseous hydrocarbons with the aid of liquids
C07C 7/13 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives by adsorption, i.e. purification or separation of hydrocarbons with the aid of solids, e.g. with ion-exchangers by molecular-sieve technique
C07C 7/144 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbonsUse of additives using membranes, e.g. selective permeation
B01J 23/06 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of zinc, cadmium or mercury
Thermal cracking of a feed that contains propane and molecular hydrogen is disclosed. Also, a thermal cracking feed and a thermal cracking effluent are provided.
A process for preparing hydrocarbons from an oxygenated hydrocarbon feedstock, such as animal fat, having a high nitrogen impurity is described. Hydrotreatment of the oxygenated feedstock occurs in a first hydrotreating bed arranged downstream of a polishing bed. A gaseous phase is removed and the liquid hydrotreated phase is fed to the polishing bed arranged upstream of the first hydrotreating bed together with fresh hydrogen. The process effectively removes nitrogen impurities from the resultant hydrocarbon product causing an improved cloud point after isomerisation, and the arrangement makes efficient use of fresh hydrogen for polishing, providing a polished hydrocarbon product rich in dissolved hydrogen. Part of the product can be used as hydrocarbon diluent in the downstream hydrotreating bed, and/or withdrawn between the polishing and hydrotreating bed and isomerised in an isomerisation reactor.
C10G 65/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
C10G 45/62 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
72.
A SYSTEM AND A METHOD FOR STORING BIOLOGICAL FEEDSTOCK
A system for storing biological feedstock includes receiving tanks, storage tanks, and at least one slop tank. The biological feedstock is supplied to the receiving tanks from sources external to the system. Fat separated from the biological feedstock is transferred from the receiving tanks to the storage tanks, and sludge deposited on a bottom portion of each receiving tank and on a bottom portion of each storage tank is transferred to the slop tank. Fat separated from the sludge is transferred from the slop tank to the receiving tanks. Biological material is blended from biological feedstocks. The tanks act in different roles to improve the removal of sludge, and increases the yield of desired biological material.
A storage tank system includes a storage tank for storing biological feedstock, a filtering system configured to separate sludge from the biological feedstock, and a water separator configured to separate water from the biological feedstock. A material transfer system transfers biological feedstock from the lower portion of the storage tank via the filtering system to the water separator and, from the water separator, residual biological feedstock from which water has been removed at least partially back to the storage tank. The removal of water reduces unwanted gas generation by microbiological reactions, and safety of the storage tank system is improved.
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C02F 1/40 - Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
C02F 11/121 - Treatment of sludgeDevices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
The present disclosure relates to methods for removing glycerol from an aquaculture system. These methods can include: culturing a first population of microorganisms that produce glycerol in a first reaction zone, thereby providing an aqueous stream containing a microbial biomass material that includes glycerol; inputting the aqueous stream containing the microbial biomass material that includes glycerol to a harvesting zone; separating the microbial biomass from the glycerol in the harvesting zone, thereby providing an aqueous glycerol stream; supplying the aqueous glycerol stream to a second reaction zone containing a second population of microorganisms that metabolize glycerol; and removing glycerol from the aqueous glycerol stream by cultivating the second population of microorganisms in the second reaction zone with the aqueous glycerol stream, thereby providing an enriched aqueous stream containing glycerol metabolites. Systems for performing the above methods are also provided.
C02F 3/34 - Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
C12M 1/00 - Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
C12M 3/00 - Tissue, human, animal or plant cell, or virus culture apparatus
C12N 1/12 - Unicellular algaeCulture media therefor
C12P 7/6463 - Glycerides obtained from glyceride producing microorganisms, e.g. single cell oil
C12P 23/00 - Preparation of compounds containing a cyclohexene ring having an unsaturated side chain containing at least ten carbon atoms bound by conjugated double bonds, e.g. carotenes
C12P 39/00 - Processes involving microorganisms of different genera in the same process, simultaneously
A process, system and use of the system are disclosed for treating a froth or removal of salt from a froth, wherein the froth contains an algal biomass and a salt-containing solution. An exemplary process includes: (a) supplying a wash liquid to an interface between the froth and a liquid phase to generate a froth stream and a tails stream; and (b) recovering the froth stream from (a). The application also relates to an algal biomass or a froth stream produced by the process of the present disclosure.
A liquid-liquid-solid extraction process is disclosed for recovering products from a feed stream containing biomass. The process includes receiving the feed stream from a source; contacting the feed stream with a first solvent in a first contacting unit to form a first dispersion; allowing the first dispersion to phase separate into a first separated liquid phase and a first remaining dispersion; removing at least a portion of the first separated liquid phase; contacting the first remaining dispersion with a second solvent in a second contacting unit to form a second dispersion; allowing the second dispersion to phase separate into a biomass-rich phase, a heavy separated liquid phase and a light separated liquid phase; and recovering at least one or more of the biomass-rich phase, the heavy separated liquid phase, and/or the light separated liquid phase for output as products. Systems for performing this process and methods for designing this process are also disclosed.
Disclosed is an improved heating concept in treating liquefied waste plastics (LWP). The method comprises the steps of providing a volume of the liquefied waste plastics (A) and a volume of an aqueous medium (B), admixing said volume of the liquefied waste plastics (A) and said volume of the aqueous medium (B) to form an admixture volume (C), and heating the admixture volume (C) by injecting steam (D) into said admixture volume (C) to form a heated admixture volume (E).
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
78.
PROCESSES AND SYSTEMS FOR REMOVAL OF SALT FROM A FROTH CONTAINING AN ALGAL BIOMASS AND A SALT-CONTAINING SOLUTION
A process, system and use of the system are disclosed for treating a froth or removal of salt from a froth containing an algal biomass and a salt-containing solution. An exemplary process includes producing a wash liquid, the wash liquid being an aqueous mist; dispensing the aqueous mist onto the froth; and recovering a froth stream containing the algal biomass and a reduced amount of salt relative to that in the froth. The application also relates to an algal biomass or a froth stream produced by the process of the present disclosure.
Processes are disclosed for culturing algae by maintaining aerobic conditions and controlling algal age in an algal growth system. The processes can include exposing an aquaculture medium including microorganisms capable of phototaxis to one or more light sources in an illumination zone of at least one algal aquaculture zone; allowing the microorganisms capable of phototaxis in the aquaculture medium to move toward the one or more light sources, thereby forming an upper layer containing the microorganisms capable of phototaxis and a lower layer in the illumination zone; separating at least part of the upper layer from at least the lower layer in a separation zone; and transferring at least part of the microorganisms capable of phototaxis of the upper layer from the separation zone to a harvesting zone. Systems for performing the processes described herein are also disclosed.
The present disclosure relates to methods and systems for harvesting a biomass containing algal cells. The methods include obtaining a stream containing an algal growth medium, algal cells and/or prokaryotes from an algal aquaculture, treating the stream by reducing or excluding light to obtain an algal harvester feed stream having a dissolved oxygen content less than about 8 mg dissolved oxygen (DO)/liter, and feeding at least part of the algal harvester feed stream into a harvester. Systems for providing the above methods, an algal harvester feed stream and compositions including algal cells are also provided.
C12N 1/12 - Unicellular algaeCulture media therefor
C12P 7/64 - FatsFatty oilsEster-type waxesHigher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl groupOxidised oils or fats
81.
PURIFICATION OF RECYCLED AND RENEWABLE ORGANIC MATERIAL
A method is disclosed of purifying a recycled or renewable organic material, wherein the recycled or renewable organic material contains one or more impurities selected from a group consisting of silicon compounds, phosphorous, Cl and sterols. Exemplary embodiments include (a) providing the recycled or renewable organic material; (c) heat treating the recycled or renewable organic material at 100 to 450° C.; and (f) hydrotreating the heat treated recycled or renewable organic material in a presence of a hydrotreating catalyst; to obtain purified hydrotreated recycled or renewable organic material.
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 9/36 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
C10G 11/18 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised bed" technique
C10G 45/12 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
C10G 45/64 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
82.
CATALYST COMPOSITION WITH REDOX-ACTIVE SUPPORT FOR SIMULTANEOUS OXYGEN AND NITROGEN REMOVAL
The invention relates to a method for simultaneously lowering oxygen and nitrogen content in a feedstock, the feedstock comprising renewable and/or recycled feedstock for producing paraffinic hydrocarbons. The method uses a catalyst comprising at least one active metal and a support capable of undergoing reversible redox reactions during the production of the paraffinic hydrocarbons, the support comprising at least one of cerium dioxide and niobium pentoxide.
Herein is provided process for producing renewable hydrocarbons suitable for use in fuel applications from a renewable feedstock. Said feedstock comprises at least one lipophilic phosphorus compound, which is difficult to remove therefrom by conventional purification methods. The amount of this "difficult to remove" phosphorus is determined and the result thereof is used for selecting a suitable purification to which the feedstock is then subjected. The purified renewable feedstock can then be hydrotreated catalytically.
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 25/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents
C10G 31/06 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for by heating, cooling, or pressure treatment
C10G 31/09 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for by filtration
C10G 47/14 - Inorganic carriers the catalyst containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10G 47/18 - Crystalline alumino-silicate carriers the catalyst containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10G 47/20 - Crystalline alumino-silicate carriers the catalyst containing other metals or compounds thereof
The invention provides a method for preparing fuel components from waste pyrolysis oil, comprising:
providing a waste pyrolysis oil, comprising as the major part plastic pyrolysis oil and/or tyre pyrolysis oil, and comprising impurities in the form of chlorine, nitrogen, sulphur, and optionally silicone or bromide;
purifying the waste pyrolysis oil by subjecting it to a hydrothermal treatment with water or alkaline water;
separating the hydrothermally treated waste pyrolysis oil from the aqueous phase; preparing a hydroprocessing feed from the hydrothermally treated waste pyrolysis oil, optionally in mixture with one or more feed(s) of oxygen-containing biological oils having impurities of chlorine and silicon;
hydroprocessing the hydroprocessing feed catalytically with hydrogen to cause hydrogenation, and optionally one or more of hydrodeoxygenation, hydrodesulfurisation, hydrodenitrification, hydrodechlorination, hydrodearomatization, and hydroisomerisation;
recovering a hydrocarbon fraction boiling in the liquid fuel range.
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
B01D 11/04 - Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 1/04 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by extraction
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 19/02 - Refining hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment with aqueous alkaline solutions
C10G 31/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for by treating with water
C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
Herein is described a hydrocarbon composition containing a paraffinic component and a cyclic hydrocarbon component, which paraffinic component has an average carbon number within a range from 14.0 to 20.0 and the cyclic hydrocarbon component has an average carbon number that is the average carbon number of the paraffinic component minus 3.0 units, or higher. Use of the hydrocarbon composition is also disclosed.
Herein is described a marine fuel product obtainable by hydrotreating a feed comprising liquefied waste plastic (LWP) and a crude oil component, wherein the hydrotreating is a hydrotreatment process followed by fractionation to obtain the marine fuel product as a fraction. Also, described is a marine fuel and a method for producing marine fuel. Described is also a use of liquefied waste plastic in a feed for a process for producing marine fuel.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/06 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof
C10L 1/02 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
87.
Process for manufacturing of renewable hydrocarbons from renewable feedstock comprising phosphorus as an impurity
A method for preparing hydrocarbons includes subjecting a renewable feedstock comprising lipophilic phosphorus compounds to a hydrotreatment process to form hydrocarbons from the renewable feedstock. In some embodiments, the content of the lipophilic phosphorus compounds in the renewable feedstock can be in a range of between 2 parts per million by weight (wppm) and 0.1 wppm so that deactivation of a catalyst used in the hydrotreatment process is reduced or avoided. In some embodiments, a feedstock can be determined to include an amount of “difficult to remove” phosphorus and the result thereof can be used for selecting a suitable pretreatment to which the feedstock can then be subjected. The pretreated renewable feedstock can then be hydrotreated catalytically.
C10G 45/22 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing with hydrogen dissolved or suspended in the oil
C10G 67/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
88.
A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING AN AVIATION FUEL COMPONENT
A process for producing a renewable aviation fuel component is described, wherein the process comprises providing a renewable feedstock and subjecting the feedstock to a decarboxylation and/or decarbonylation (DCO) reaction (20) in a DCO zone, thereby obtaining a DCO effluent (21); subjecting at least a portion of the DCO effluent to a hydrotreatment (HT) reaction (30) in a HT zone, to obtain a hydrotreated effluent (31); subjecting the hydrotreated effluent to a gas-liquid separation (40) to obtain a degassed hydrotreated effluent (41); subjecting at least a portion of the degassed hydrotreated effluent to hydroisomerisation (H-ISO) (50), thereby obtaining a hydroisomerised effluent (51); and subjecting at least a portion of the hydroisomerised effluent (51) to a fractionation (60), and recovering at least the renewable aviation fuel component
Provided is a method for upgrading polymer waste-based material. The method includes providing a polymer waste-based feedstock, providing a crude oil-derived feedstock, blending the polymer waste-based feedstock, the crude oil-derived feedstock, and optionally a further feed material, to provide a feed mixture, hydrotreating the feed mixture at hydrodesulphurisation conditions to provide a hydrotreated material boiling in the middle distillate range, and recovering at least a jet fuel component from the hydrotreated material.
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
A system for producing ether comprises a processing system (101) that receives alcohol and olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock and comprises a first etherification reactor system (102) that produces a first reaction effluent (103). The system comprises a distillation column system (100) that receives a mixture (105) containing the first reaction effluent to produce ether. The system comprises a side flow outlet (107) that withdraws a side flow (108) from the distillation column system and a second etherification reactor system (110) that receives the side flow and produces a second reaction effluent (111). The second reaction effluent is mixed with the first reaction effluent, and this mixture (105) is supplied to the distillation column system. The side flow makes it possible to produce a given amount of ether with a smaller amount of catalyst material.
A system for producing ether comprises a first etherification reactor system (101) containing first catalyst and producing a first reaction effluent (102) when supplied with alcohol and olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock, a second etherification reactor system (103) containing second catalyst and producing a second reaction effluent (104) when supplied with the first reaction effluent, and a distillation column (105) receiving the second reaction effluent at a feed-point between the bottom and the top of the distillation column. The produced ether is taken out from the bottom of the distillation column. Volume of the first catalyst contributing the production of the first reaction effluent (102) is at most 15 % of total volume of the first catalyst and the second catalyst contributing the production of the second reaction effluent (102). The first etherification reactor system (101) acts as a guard-bed reactor which removes unwanted components from the feed and thus protects the second etherification reactor system (103).
The present disclosure relates to methods for processing liquefied waste polymers containing diolefins and naphtha. Hydrotreatment A of the diolefins produces a diolefin depleted LWP feed which is separated by distillation B to give rise to one or more distillates containing at least a naphtha fraction, an optional middle fraction and a distillation bottom. Hydroprocessing C of the naphtha fraction gives rise to hydrogenated naphtha fraction which is suitable as a feed for a steam cracker D. The distillation bottom and the middle fraction can mixed with crude oil and used in oil refinerery since they are predominantly free from diolefins.
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
The current disclosure relates to an apparatus and a process for producing poly-α-olefins (PAO), including reacting olefin monomers in a presence of a catalyst complex to form PAO product. The reaction is performed in a reaction including a reactor vessel and a system for recycling and cooling part of reactor outlet stream. At least one reactor is a cone reactor with a first cross sectional area in an upper part of the vessel and the cross sectional area decreases downwards to a second cross sectional area, which is smaller than the first cross sectional area.
3, a freezing point of equal to or lower than −40° C., and an amount of isomerized paraffins of over 90 wt-% as calculated from total paraffinic content of the hydrocarbon composition. The hydrocarbon composition can be used in combination with a fuel or fuel component, especially a jet fuel. Disclosed is also a method to produce a hydrocarbon composition. The isomerized paraffins in the hydrocarbon composition can be from a renewable source.
A process for converting steam cracking products into an alcohol composition consisting essentially of 2-propanol and butanols is disclosed. The process includes steam cracking and recovery of a stream including propene and butenes, which are next converted catalytically in the presence of water to 2-propanol and butanols respectively.
C07C 29/16 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by oxo-reaction combined with reduction
C07C 29/82 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by physical treatment by distillation by azeotropic distillation
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
100.
IMPROVED METHOD FOR PROCESSING LIQUEFIED WASTE PLASTICS
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 19/02 - Refining hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment with aqueous alkaline solutions
