A system for producing ether includes a processing system that receives alcohol and olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock and includes a first etherification reactor system that produces a first reaction effluent. A distillation column system receives a mixture containing the first reaction effluent to produce ether. A side flow outlet withdraws a side flow from the distillation column system and a second etherification reactor system receives the side flow and produces a second reaction effluent. The second reaction effluent is mixed with the first reaction effluent, and this mixture is supplied to the distillation column system. The side flow makes it possible to produce a given amount of ether with a smaller amount of catalyst material.
B01J 8/04 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
B01J 8/06 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactorsChemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the solid particles being arranged in tubes
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
B01J 8/26 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with two or more fluidised beds, e.g. reactor and regeneration installations
C07C 41/42 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by change of physical state, e.g. by crystallisation by distillation
A system for producing ether includes a first etherification reactor system containing first catalyst and producing a first reaction effluent when supplied with alcohol and olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock, a second etherification reactor system containing second catalyst and producing a second reaction effluent when supplied with the first reaction effluent, and a distillation column receiving the second reaction effluent at a feed-point between the bottom and the top of the distillation column. The produced ether is taken out from the bottom of the distillation column. Volume of the first catalyst contributing the production of the first reaction effluent is at most 15% of total volume of the first catalyst and the second catalyst contributing the production of the second reaction effluent. The first etherification reactor system acts as a guard-bed reactor which removes unwanted components from the feed and thus protects the second etherification reactor system.
B01J 8/04 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
B01J 8/06 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactorsChemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the solid particles being arranged in tubes
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
B01J 8/26 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with two or more fluidised beds, e.g. reactor and regeneration installations
C07C 41/42 - SeparationPurificationStabilisationUse of additives by change of physical state, e.g. by crystallisation by distillation
3.
A METHOD FOR PURIFICATION OF LIQUEFIED WASTE PLASTICS USING RECYCLED AQUEOUS STREAM
The present disclosure relates to a method for processing of liquefied waste plastics (LWP). The method includes subjecting a liquefied waste plastic-based feedstock to heat treatment (HT processing) in an aqueous solution containing alkali metal hydroxide and/or alkaline earth metal hydroxide to form a heat treated effluent, transferring the heat treated effluent to a separator, subjecting the heat treated effluent to phase separation to isolate at least an oil phase including treated LWP and an aqueous phase including contaminated material, and recycling at least a part of the aqueous phase back to the HT processing.
C10G 19/02 - Refining hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment with aqueous alkaline solutions
C10G 53/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only including at least one alkaline-treatment step
An aviation fuel composition is disclosed, containing 50-95 vol-% of petroleum-derived jet fuel component, and 5-50 vol-% of renewable middle distillate component. The fuel composition has a viscosity of 12 mm2/s or below at −40° C., 10 mm2/s or below at −30° C., and 8 mm2/s or below at −20° C., as measured in accordance with an EN ISO 3104 (1996) standard. A method for producing the aviation fuel composition is also disclosed. The method containing mixing the petroleum derived jet fuel component and the renewable middle distillate component to obtain the aviation fuel composition, such that the petroleum-derived jet fuel component and the renewable middle distillate component are mixed together in an amount containing 5-50 vol-% of renewable middle distillate component and about 50-95 vol-% of petroleum-derived jet fuel component.
The current invention relates to a method of producing a middle distillate blend. Especially the invention relates to a method of producing a middle distillate blend, by producing paraffinic hydrocarbons by hydrotreating a biobased feedstock, producing a hydrocarbon blending component by hydroprocessing a feedstock comprising a mixture a gas oil stream and at least one of liquefied waste plastic (LWP) and end-life-tires pyrolysis oil (ELTPO), and blending the produced paraffinic hydrocarbons and the hydrocarbon blending component to obtain the middle distillate blend.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 65/16 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural parallel stages only including only refining steps
The present disclosure relates to an improved method of removing silicon from depolymerized oil, more specifically to a method of producing a pyrolysis oil, the method including adding alumina in the form of granules to organic silicon-containing waste plastic to form a mixture, feeding the mixture to a pyrolysis reactor, pyrolysing the mixture in the reactor, recovering at least a pyrolysis gas and a solid residue from the reactor, and condensing the pyrolysis gas to provide an oil product, wherein the solid residue includes the alumina reacted with silicon.
C10B 53/07 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
C10B 47/44 - Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means with conveyor-screws
C10B 57/08 - Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge
7.
A FEED INJECTOR AND AN EBULLATED BED REACTOR CONFIGURATION AND HYDROCONVERSION PROCESS USING IT
A hydroconversion process operated in one or more ebullated bed reactor(s) is disclosed. The process comprises a) providing one or more top feed(s), a bottom feed, a hydrogen stream and a hydroconversion catalyst; b) subjecting a mixture of the one or more top feed(s), the bottom feed, and the hydrogen stream to hydroconversion in an ebullated catalyst bed arranged in an ebullated bed reactor and comprising the hydroconversion catalyst to provide a converted stream comprising gaseous compounds and liquid compounds; and c) removing a portion of the converted stream from the ebullated bed reactor as a conversion effluent. In the process the bottom feed and the hydrogen stream are fed to a plenum at the bottom of the ebullated bed reactor; the one or more top feed(s) is/are fed with a top feed injector into a recycle cup arranged above the ebullated catalyst bed and/or into a recycle downcomer connected to the recycle cup, and mixed therein into a portion of the liquid compounds of the converted stream to provide a mixed stream; a recycle pump connected to the recycle downcomer pumps the mixed stream into the plenum; and the content of the plenum is distributed to the ebullated catalyst bed. Also a reactor configuration for ebullated bed operation, an ebullated bed reactor system comprising two or more reactor configuration(s), and use of the reactor configuration or the ebullated bed reactor system are disclosed.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/16 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing with moving solid particles suspended in the oil, e.g. slurries
C10G 45/20 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing with moving solid particles according to the "fluidised bed" technique
C10G 45/56 - Hydrogenation of the aromatic hydrocarbons with moving solid particles
C10G 45/66 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins with moving solid particles
C10G 47/26 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions with moving solid particles suspended in the oil, e.g. slurries
C10G 47/30 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions with moving solid particles according to the "fluidised bed" technique
C10G 49/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups , , , , or with moving solid particles suspended in the oil, e.g. slurries
C10G 49/16 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups , , , , or with moving solid particles according to the "fluidised bed" technique
B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes
B01J 8/08 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with moving particles
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
B01J 8/24 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system (1) comprising a hollow chamber (2) comprising a first chamber (3) and a second chamber (4), wherein the second chamber (4) is rotatable or the first chamber (3) and the second chamber (4) are rotatable, a heating system (19) configured to heat the second chamber (4) or to individually heat the first chamber (3) and the second chamber (4), a lance (5) having at least one feed outlet (6), wherein the lance (5) extends within the hollow chamber (2) at least through the first chamber (3), and wherein the system (1) is configured to feed polymer waste (7) into the second chamber (4) via the at least one feed outlet (6), at least one injector (21) capable of injecting at least one sweep fluid into the first chamber (3) or into the first chamber (3) and into the second chamber (4) in order to form a fluid flow towards at least one gas outlet (20) for collecting a product (13) comprising the at least one sweep fluid and a gas (22) from at least partially pyrolyzed polymer waste.
C08J 11/12 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by dry-heat treatment only
C10B 47/30 - Other processes in rotary ovens or retorts
C10B 53/07 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
9.
GAS PIPING SYSTEM, ARRANGEMENT, USE OF THE GAS PIPING SYSTEM, AND METHOD OF OPERATING A GAS PIPING SYSTEM
According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gas piping system (1) comprising at least one pipe (2) having a gas inlet (3) for a gas (4) and a gas outlet (5) for the gas (4). wherein the at least one pipe (2) comprises a straight portion (6) along at least a part of a distance between the gas inlet (3) and the gas outlet (5), wherein the gas piping system (1) comprises at least one solid material outlet (25. 26) comprised by the at least one pipe (2). and a unit comprising a: least one scraping system (12) coupled to a movement mechanism (11). the unit being arranged at least partially within the at least one pipe (2), wherein the unit is configured to simultaneously allow the gas (4) to flow from the gas inlet (3) to the gas outlet (5) through the scraping system (12). scrape. by movement of the scraping system (12). solid material (8) carried by the gas (4) into the at least one pipe (2) from an inner surface (9) of the straight portion (6) after accumulation of the solid material (8) to the inner surface (9). and convey, by movement of the scraping system (12), scraped solid material (8) towards the at least one solid material outlet (25, 26).
B08B 9/043 - Cleaning the internal surfacesRemoval of blockages using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes moved by externally powered mechanical linkage, e.g. pushed or drawn through the pipes
B01J 19/20 - Stationary reactors having moving elements inside in the form of helices, e.g. screw reactors
Herein is disclosed an aviation fuel component including predominantly C6-C18 n-paraffins, C6-C18 mono-branched i-paraffins, and C6-C18 multiple-branched i-paraffins. The aviation fuel component has a very high isomerization degree and relatively broad carbon number distribution. The present aviation fuel component is particularly useful in aviation fuels, wherein it can be incorporated even in very high proportions.
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
11.
A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A LIQUID TRANSPORTATION FUEL COMPONENT
Here is provided a process for producing at least one liquid transportation fuel component, wherein in the first mode of running the process a paraffinic hydrocarbon feed is converted to a hydroisomerisation effluent, fractionated, and a fraction thereof is recycled via hydrocracking reactor back to the fractionation from which a liquid transportation fuel component, including an aviation fuel component, is recovered. In the process, parameters indicative of deactivation of a hydroisomerisation catalyst are monitored and when these reach predetermined values, the process is switched to a second mode of running wherein the hydroisomerisation effluent is subjected to hydrocracking and the obtained hydrocracking effluent fractionated to yield a liquid transportation fuel component, such as an aviation fuel component.
C10G 67/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including solvent extraction as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen
A process for producing at least one liquid transportation fuel component is provided. In the process, a paraffinic hydrocarbon feed is provided and subjected to hydroisomerisation to obtain a hydroisomerisation effluent; which hydroisomerisation effluent is subjected to hydrocracking to obtain a hydrocracking effluent, the hydrocracking effluent being fed to fractionation from which fractionation at least one liquid transportation fuel component is recovered.
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
Herein is disclosed a hydrocarbon component including predominantly C15-C22 n-paraffins, C15-C22 mono-branched i-paraffins and C15-C22 multiple-branched i-paraffins. In the hydrocarbon component, a weight ratio of i-paraffins to n-paraffins is higher than in known hydrocarbon components. Due to improved properties the hydrocarbon component is usable in a wide range of applications, such as in arctic grade diesel fuels, wherein it can be incorporated in higher proportions.
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
14.
A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A LIQUID TRANSPORTATION FUEL COMPONENT
A process for producing at least one liquid transportation fuel component is provided. In the process, a paraffinic hydrocarbon feed is subjected as part of a first reaction section feed to hydrocracking in a first reaction section to obtain a hydrocracking effluent, which hydrocracking effluent is subjected as part of a second reaction section feed to hydroisomerisation in a second reaction section to obtain a hydroisomerisation effluent, the hydroisomerisation effluent being fed to a fractionation, from which fractionation at least one liquid transportation fuel components is recovered.
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
Herein is disclosed a gasoline fuel component including predominantly C4-C9 n-paraffins, C4-C9 mono-branched i-paraffins and C4-C9 multiple-branched i-paraffins. In the gasoline fuel component, a weight ratio of at least certain i-paraffins to certain n-paraffins is higher than in prior art gasoline components. The present gasoline fuel component can provide improved blendability, octane ratings and combustion properties.
C10L 1/06 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for spark ignition
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
16.
REMOVAL OF IMPURITIES FROM TALL OIL FEED BY SOLVENT PRECIPITATION
A method for the purification of impurities from tall oil feed, and a corresponding liquid product obtained by the method, is provided includes mixing the tall oil feed with an added solvent, removing impurities that precipitate when the solvent is added, and then recovering a liquid product as a tall oil feed with a reduced impurity content.
A process for preparing hydrocarbons from an oxygenated hydrocarbon feedstock, such as animal fat, having a high nitrogen impurity is described. The process involves hydrotreatment of the oxygenated feedstock in a first hydrotreating reactor and a further hydrotreatment in a second hydrotreating reactor, where between the two reactors, the gaseous phase is removed. The specific process setup effectively removes nitrogen impurities from the resultant hydrocarbon product causing an improved cloud point after isomerisation.
C10G 65/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
C10G 45/62 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
19.
A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A LIQUID TRANSPORTATION FUEL COMPONENT
Here is provided processes for producing at least one liquid transportation fuel component. In a first mode of running one of the processes, a hydrocarbon feed including nitrogen impurities is subjected to a hydroprocessing in reactor A in a presence of a hydrotreatment catalyst A to obtain a hydroprocessing effluent A, which is subjected, after degassing, to a catalytic hydroprocessing in reactor B to obtain a hydroteratment effluent B, which is fractionated, optionally after degassing, to obtain at least one liquid transportation fuel component, and/or at least an aviation fuel component. In the process, parameters indicative of deactivation of the hydrotreatment catalyst A are monitored and when these reach predetermined values, the process is switched to a second mode of running wherein the order of reactors A and B is changed so that a degassed hydroprocessing effluent B is fed to the reactor A.
C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
C07C 1/04 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
C10G 49/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups , , , , or characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10G 49/08 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups , , , , or characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
G05B 15/02 - Systems controlled by a computer electric
20.
A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING LIQUID TRANSPORTATION FUEL COMPONENTS
A process for producing at least one liquid transportation fuel component is provided. In the process, a paraffinic hydrocarbon feed is provided and subjected to hydroisomerisation to obtain a hydroisomerisation effluent; from which hydroisomerisation effluent a recycle stream is separated and subjected to hydrocracking to obtain a recycle effluent, the hydroisomerisation effluent and the recycle effluent being fed to fractionation, from which fractionation at least one liquid transportation fuel component is recovered.
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
21.
A LIQUID-LIQUID-SOLID EXTRACTION PROCESS FOR ISOLATING NATURAL PRODUCTS FROM A FEEDSTOCK STREAM
A liquid-liquid-solid extraction process is disclosed for isolating natural products from a feedstock stream containing a biomass in an aqueous salt solution. The process includes forming a dispersion by contacting the feedstock stream with an extraction solvent in an extraction zone; passing the dispersion to a separation zone; separating the dispersion into multiple layers at a temperature of about 90° C. or less, the layers including: a solvent extract layer, a raffinate layer and a rag layer, and isolating at least part of the solvent extract layer, at least part of the raffinate layer and/or at least part of the rag layer.
According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system (1) comprising a liquid ring compressor (2) capable of pressurizing a process gas, wherein a stabilized liquid hydrocarbon product is utilized as a service liquid for the liquid ring compressor (2), a heat exchanger (3) capable of cooling and at least partially condensing a process gas and stabilized liquid hydrocarbon product mixture (14), a phase separator (4) comprising a water boot for separating water, wherein the system (1) is configured to transfer the process gas and stabilized liquid hydrocarbon product mixture (14) from the liquid ring compressor (3) via the heat exchanger (3) to the phase separator (4), wherein the phase separator (4) comprises a water outlet (20), a first gas outlet (5) for guiding at least one first non- condensable gas (6) out of the system (1) and a first liquid outlet (7) for guiding at least a part of a first liquid hydrocarbon product (8) to a stabilizing column (9) comprising a second gas outlet (10) for guiding at least one second non-condensable gas (11) out of the system (1) and a second liquid outlet (12) for guiding at least a part of the stabilized liquid hydrocarbon product (13) back to the liquid ring compressor (2).
B01D 53/00 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols
C10K 1/04 - Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials
23.
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR TREATMENT OF A PRODUCT COMPRISING A PYROLYSIS GAS
According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system comprising a first condensing unit (2) comprising a first gas inlet (3) for guiding a first product (4) comprising a pyrolysis gas into the first condensing unit (2), a first outlet (5) for guiding a condensed second product (6) out of the first condensing unit (2), and a second outlet (7) for guiding a gaseous third product (8) out of the first condensing unit (2), an overhead condensing unit (11), wherein the system (1) is configured to transfer the gaseous third product (8) to a phase separator (15) via the overhead condensing unit (11), wherein the system (1) comprises at least one water injection system (25, 26) arranged upstream of a heat exchanger (29) of the overhead condensing unit (11), wherein the at least one washing system is capable of washing the gaseous third product (8) by contacting said gaseous third product (8) with water, wherein the overhead condensing unit (11) is capable of at least partly condensing the gaseous third product (8) at a temperature below 100 ℃, and wherein the phase separator (15) is capable of obtaining a condensed fourth product comprising at least an aqueous phase (16) and an oil phase (17).
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 5/06 - Recovery of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from gases, e.g. natural gas by cooling or compressing
C10G 31/06 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for by heating, cooling, or pressure treatment
C10G 31/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for by treating with water
C10G 53/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only
24.
IMPROVED METHOD FOR PROCESSING LIQUEFIED WASTE PLASTICS
An improved method for processing liquefied waste plastics includes providing a liquefied waste plastic (LWP) feedstock for heat treatment (HT processing) with an aqueous solution containing a basic substance, subjecting the LWP feedstock to the heat treatment with the aqueous solution, followed by phase separation to result in at least a treated LWP material and an aqueous phase, determining the quality of the LWP feedstock by measuring at least one property of the LWP feedstock, the at least one property including at least the total acid number (TAN) of the LWP feedstock, and calculating an amount of the basic substance to be added in HT processing to reach a target pH level of the aqueous phase based on the at least one property of the LWP feedstock and the water-oil-ratio, and adding the calculated amount of basic.
Herein is described a method for the production of liquid hydrocarbon composition, comprising i) providing a bio-based carbonaceous feedstock (a); ii) removing at least part of the foreign coarse material (b) from the bio-based carbonaceous feedstock (a); iii drying and/or grinding to obtain a pretreated bio-based carbonaceous material (c); iv) subjecting the pretreated bio-based carbonaceous material (c) to catalytic hydroliquefaction to obtain a product composition; v) separating the liquid hydrocarbons and the off-gas from the product composition to obtain a liquid hydrocarbon fraction (f) and a first gaseous fraction (g-1); vi) subjecting the liquid hydrocarbon fraction (f) to catalytic upgrading; and vii) obtaining a sponge oil fraction (s-1) and contacting the sponge oil fraction (i) with the first gaseous fraction (g-1) to obtain an oxygen enriched sponge oil fraction (s-2) and a second gaseous fraction (g-2), and feeding the oxygen enriched sponge oil fraction (s-2) to catalytic upgrading.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 1/08 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation with moving catalysts
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 5/04 - Recovery of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from gases, e.g. natural gas with liquid absorbents
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
C10K 1/18 - Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquidsReviving the used wash liquors with non-aqueous liquids hydrocarbon oils
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
26.
A METHOD FOR TREATING LIQUEFIED BIOMASS PRODUCT STREAM
Provided herein is a method for treating a liquefied biomass product stream, said method comprising: i) providing a liquefied biomass product stream comprising hydrocarbons, water and emulsifier(s), ii) subjecting the liquefied biomass product stream to a high pressure high temperature separation step (HPHT) to obtain a heavy oil fraction (A), and a HPHT separator gas fraction, iii) subjecting the HPHT separator gas fraction to a high pressure separation step to obtain a stream with an increased amount of emulsifier(s), wherein the high pressure separation step is a high pressure medium temperature (HPMT) separation step or a high pressure low temperature (HPLT) separation step.
C10B 53/02 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
There are disclosed processes and systems of culturing and mixing algal growth medium in at least one open algal aquaculture pond for a continuous flow system without requiring mechanical mixing devices. The process involves constructing an open algal aquaculture pond possessing a fetch selected as a function of a specified wind speed and a wave mixed layer (WML) defined by a specified depth from the surface of the pond; supplying algal growth medium to the open algal aquaculture pond, the pond having at least partially a manmade configuration; and culturing algae in the algal growth medium in the open algal aquaculture pond; and wherein a ratio of the WML of the algal growth medium to a total depth of the algal growth medium in the pond is greater than about 0.2. Also disclosed are uses of the mixed algal aquaculture medium and systems for culturing algae.
A process for producing hydrocarbon fractions having biogenic carbon content is provided In the process, a renewable feed comprising at least one or more of plant oil(s), animal fat(s), and/or microbial oil(s), and a heavy crude oil feed are provided. The heavy crude oil feed is subjected to hydroconversion in the presence of a hydrotreatment catalyst in a first hydroconversion stage. After an optional interstage separation flashing off a volatiles fraction, at least a non-volatiles fraction of the first hydroconversion stage effluent and the renewable feed are subjected to hydroconversion in the presence of a hydrotreatment catalyst in a second hydroconversion stage. The second hydroconversion stage effluent, and optionally the volatiles fraction from the interstage separation, is/are fed to a separation stage, and at least a heavy separation stage bottom usable in marine fuels and one or more distillate(s) are recovered.
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
29.
LIQUID PHASE HYDROTREATMENT OF LIQUEFIED WASTE PLASTIC
The invention relates to a method for hydrotreatment of liquefied waste plastic (LWP), the method comprising providing the LWP, saturating the LWP with hydrogen, and subjecting the hydrogen-saturated LWP to liquid phase hydrotreatment in the presence of a solid hydrotreatment catalyst to provide liquid phase hydrotreated LWP.
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10B 53/07 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
C10G 1/08 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation with moving catalysts
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 9/36 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
C10G 19/02 - Refining hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment with aqueous alkaline solutions
C10G 45/22 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing with hydrogen dissolved or suspended in the oil
C10G 47/00 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
C10G 65/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
C10G 69/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of thermal cracking in the absence of hydrogen
The present invention relates to a method for upgrading a crude liquefied waste plastic (LWP) feed. The method comprises providing the crude LWP feed, subjecting the crude LWP feed to fractionation to provide at least one distillate fraction and a heavier fraction, and subjecting the distillate fraction and a LWP co-feed to aqueous alkaline heat treatment followed by liquid-liquid separation (HT processing) to provide at least an oil phase and an aqueous phase. The oil phase and/or the heavier fraction may be subjected to further hydrotreatment and to hydrocracking.
C10G 1/08 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation with moving catalysts
C10B 53/07 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 9/36 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
C10G 19/02 - Refining hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment with aqueous alkaline solutions
C10G 45/02 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing
C10G 45/32 - Selective hydrogenation of the diolefin or acetylene compounds
C10G 47/00 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
C10G 65/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps at least one step being a selective hydrogenation of the diolefins
C10G 69/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of thermal cracking in the absence of hydrogen
31.
PHASED HYDROGEN FEED IN CATALYST HYDROLIQUEFACTION
Provided herein is a method of processing slurry biomass feed for liquefaction, said method comprising the steps of providing a slurry biomass feed obtained by mixing solid biomass to liquid carrier medium, introducing a hydrogen source to the slurry biomass feed to obtain a slurry biomass feed containing hydrogen, transferring the slurry biomass feed containing hydrogen to a liquefaction reactor via a preheater to obtain a preheated slurry biomass feed, and liquefying the preheated slurry biomass feed.
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 1/08 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation with moving catalysts
Disclosed is a method for pretreating a renewable feedstock 100, the method comprising: providing the renewable feedstock 100; subjecting the renewable feedstock to at least one pretreatment process for reduction of at least one impurity in the renewable feedstock and to an in situ measurement with an online analyzer 50 thereby obtaining real time information on a quantity of said at least one impurity; and obtaining a pretreated renewable feedstock 200 having a reduced quantity of said at least one impurity.
The present invention relates to a method for producing renewable hydrocarbons from an oxygen containing renewable feedstock, the feedstock comprising dissolved impurities selected from impurities comprising phosphorus and impurities comprising at least one metal, the feedstock further comprising at least one of triglycerides and free fatty acids. The method comprises obtaining a net elementary charge based on phosphorus and the at least one metal of a first feedstock; mixing the first feedstock with an elementary charge balancing component to obtain the feedstock to be purified, which feedstock to be purified has a net elementary charge within a range of from −5 to 15 mmol elementary charge/kg of the feedstock to be purified; subjecting the feedstock to be purified to heat treatment at a temperature of 180-400° C. in order to precipitate compounds containing said phosphorus and said at least one metal; removing formed precipitate compounds comprising said at least one metal and said phosphorus to obtain a purified feedstock; and subjecting the purified feedstock to a hydrotreatment using a catalyst sensitive to at least one of said impurities.
C10G 49/08 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups , , , , or characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
A process for producing a sustainable aviation fuel component is described, wherein the process comprises two integrated sub-processes A and B. The sub-processes A comprises providing a renewable feedstock comprising triglycerides, hydrolyzing the triglycerides into free fatty acids which are subjected to a hydrocracking to produce a first hydrocarbon intermediate A. In the sub-processes B of the integrated process, any light hydrocarbons, oxygenates and glycerol released in the sub-processes A are refined into further hydrocarbons, hydrocarbon intermediate B, which together with hydrocarbon intermediate A are isomerized and a sustainable aviation fuel or sustainable aviation fuel component is provided.
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C01B 3/32 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
C07C 29/151 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
A process for producing sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) or components thereto is described, wherein the integrated process comprises in the first arm providing a renewable feedstock comprising triglycerides, hydrolyzing the triglycerides into free fatty acids which are subjected to a decarboxylation and/or decarbonylation (DCO) reactions to produce hydrocarbon intermediate A. As second arm of the integrated process, any carbon oxides and glycerol released in the first arm are refined into further hydrocarbons, hydrocarbon intermediate B, which together with hydrocarbon intermediate A are isomerized and a sustainable aviation fuel or components thereto are provided. The process increases carbon efficiency and yield in sustainable aviation fuel production.
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C01B 3/32 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
C07C 29/151 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
36.
A METHOD FOR REDUCING AMOUNT OF DISSOLVED IMPURITIES IN A RENEWABLE FEEDSTOCK
The present invention relates to a method for reducing an amount of dissolved impurities in an oxygen containing renewable feedstock, the dissolved impurities being selected from impurities comprising phosphorus and impurities comprising at least one metal. The method comprises obtaining a net elementary charge of a first feedstock; mixing the first feedstock with an elementary charge balancing component to obtain the feedstock to be treated, whereby the feedstock to be treated has a net elementary charge which is closer to zero net elementary charge than the net elementary charge of the first feedstock; and subjecting the feedstock to be treated to a heat treatment at a temperature of 180-400° C. in order to precipitate compounds containing said phosphorus and said at least one metal.
A process, system, and use of the system are disclosed, which enable the successive growth of aquatic animals and algae within the same aquaculture pond and optionally reduction of infestation species in ponds bottom solids of the aquaculture pond.
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
45 - Legal and security services; personal services for individuals.
Goods & Services
Treatment of materials for the manufacturing of rosin oil, including separation of rosin acid from renewable materials, thermal decarboxylation of rosin acid and separation of rosin oil; Custom manufacturing of internals, parts, and components for hydrogenation reactors, decarboxylation reactors, separators and distillation columns; Treatment of materials, including pretreating, fractionation, distillation, and refining of wood, oil, renewable energy products and biochemicals; Fractionation of tall oil or wood-based oil; Processing of oil and oil refining; Processing of chemicals; Processing of biobased materials; Custom manufacture of biobased materials, chemicals and substances; Decontamination of waste; Consulting services relating to oil, biorefining and chemicals. Scientific and technological services and research and design relating thereto; Industrial analysis and research services; Quality control and authentication services; Engineering services; Technical supervision and inspection; Conducting technical project studies; Technical design services; Technical analysis and quality control services; Development and design of industrial processes; Preparation of technical reports; Providing technical design reports; Expert reporting services related to technology; Troubleshooting regarding process technology; Chemical research, chemical analysis, and chemical laboratory services; Expert services and consulting in the field of renewable energy products and oil; Design and engineering services relating to the fractionation, decarboxylation, distillation, and refining of wood, oil, and renewable energy products; Modelling of mass and energy balances as well as dynamic behaviour of wood; Automation engineering, instrumentation engineering, and electrical engineering; Consultancy services relating to engineering; Environmental engineering services; Environmental surveys, research, and testing; Safety engineering services; Development of technologies and industrial processes in the fields of oil and gas, bio-refining; Design of mathematical models; Process control technology consulting services; Consultancy relating to quality control; Technical consultation and development of industrial processes in the field of fuels, chemicals, oil refining and biorefining; Technical consultation for process control and optimization methods; Technical planning, research, consulting, and engineering services in the field of process industries, oil refining, biorefining and chemicals industries. Licensing of technology related to the manufacturing of rosin oil, including separation of rosin acid from renewable materials, thermal decarboxylation of rosin acid and separation of rosin oil; Technology licensing related to the processing and manufacturing of products using renewable materials; Licensing of technology; Licensing of process technology; Licensing of intellectual property rights; Licensing of industrial property rights; Licensing of research and development.
40 - Treatment of materials; recycling, air and water treatment,
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
45 - Legal and security services; personal services for individuals.
Goods & Services
Treatment of materials for the manufacturing of crude tall oil (CTO) from black liquor soap (BLS) as a by-product of kraft pulping, including acidulation of BLS and separation of components from the mixture; Custom manufacturing of equipment for acidulation processes, including mixers, reactors, separators, and combinations thereof, along with their internals, parts, and components; Processing of oil and oil refining; Processing of chemicals; Processing of biobased materials and feedstock; Custom manufacture of biobased materials, chemicals and substances; Decontamination of waste; Consulting services relating to oil refining, biorefining and chemicals. Scientific and technological services and research and design relating thereto; Industrial analysis and research services; Quality control and authentication services; Engineering services; Technical supervision and inspection; Conducting technical project studies; Technical design services; Technical analysis and quality control services; Development and design of industrial processes; Preparation of technical reports; Providing technical design reports; Expert reporting services related to technology; Troubleshooting regarding process technology; Chemical research, chemical analysis, and chemical laboratory services; Expert services and consulting in the field of renewable energy products and oil; Design and engineering services relating to the separation, fractionation, distillation, and refining of wood, oil, and renewable energy products; Modelling of mass and energy balances as well as dynamic behaviour of wood; Automation engineering, instrumentation engineering, and electrical engineering; Consultancy services relating to engineering; Environmental engineering services; Environmental surveys, research, and testing; Safety engineering services; Development of technologies and industrial processes in the fields of oil and gas, biorefining and chemicals; Design of mathematical models; Process control technology consulting services; Consultancy relating to quality control; Technical consultation and development of industrial processes in the field of fuels, chemicals, oil refining and biorefining; Technical consultation for process control and optimization methods; Technical planning, research, consulting, and engineering services in the field of process industries, oil refining, biorefining and chemicals industries. Licensing of technology related to the manufacturing of crude tall oil (CTO) from black liquor soap (BLS) as a by-product of kraft pulping, including acidulation of BLS and separation of components from the mixture; Technology licensing related to the processing and manufacturing of products using renewable materials; Licensing of technology; Licensing of process technology; Licensing of intellectual property rights; Licensing of industrial property rights; Licensing of research and development.
40.
METHOD FOR REDUCING DEACTIVATION OF A HYDROTREATMENT CATALYST
The present invention relates to a method for reducing deactivation of a hydrotreatment catalyst. The hydrotreatment catalyst is used as a main active catalyst for producing renewable hydrocarbons by hydrotreatment from a renewable feedstock which comprises at least an oxygen containing compound, at least one metal containing compound and at least one phosphorus containing compound as impurities. The method comprising adjusting the metal to phosphorus (M:P) weight ratio of the renewable feedstock to a value within the range from 0.70 to 1.26, measured as elemental metal and elemental phosphorus, subjecting the obtained feedstock to a temperature of from 190 to 400° C. under reducing conditions, thereby forming a solid precipitate comprising at least one metal and phosphorus containing compound, and contacting the obtained liquid renewable feedstock with the main active catalyst, in the presence of hydrogen.
A process for producing a diesel boiling range fraction having sustainable content is provided In the process, from 60 to 99 wt.-% of a petroleum feed having T5 and T95 temperatures (EN ISO 3405-2019) within a range from 180°C to 420°C, and a difference between T95 and T5 temperatures (EN ISO 3405-2019) within a range from 70°C to 200°C, and 1 to 40 wt.-% of a renewable and/or circular feed are combined to obtain a hydrotreatment feed having petroleum content as well as renewable and/or circular content. The hydrotreatment feed is subjected to hydrotreatment to obtain a hydrotreatment effluent that is introduced into a separation stage, wherefrom at least a diesel boiling range fraction as the separation stage bottom is recovered. A portion of the diesel boiling range fraction is then subjected to hydroisomerisation, and at least a second diesel boiling range fraction recovered from the hydroisomerisation effluent.
A process for producing hydrocarbons having biogenic carbon content and a sweetened gas stream is provided In the process a refinery feed having biogenic carbon content, non-biogenic carbon content and sulphur content is refined in a conversion unit to obtain a conversion effluent, wherefrom a gaseous stream comprising H2S and at least one or more of carbon oxide(s) and/or C1-C3 hydrocarbons, and a degassed hydrocarbon stream are separated. The separated gaseous stream is subjected to a sweetening treatment, and optionally at least one or more distillate(s) and a fractionation bottom are further separated from the degassed hydrocarbon stream. The process further comprises collecting an aliquot of the gaseous stream as a sample, subjecting the sample to a selective H2S removal treatment and optionally to drying, and subjecting at least a portion of the selectively H2S depleted and optionally dehydrated sample to a biogenic carbon content determination. The present process provides a convenient and safe way to conduct the mass balancing, and biogenic carbon content determination in an output stream, for individual conversion units of a refinery, as required e.g. for an ISCC PLUS certification.
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
C10G 70/06 - Working-up undefined normally gaseous mixtures obtained by processes covered by groups , , , , by physical processes by gas-liquid contact
B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapoursRecovering vapours of volatile solvents from gasesChemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
C10G 9/00 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
C10G 11/00 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
C10G 45/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
C10G 47/00 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
G01N 33/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups
B01D 53/30 - Controlling by gas-analysis apparatus
43.
A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING HYDROCARBON FRACTIONS HAVING SUSTAINABLE CONTENT AND HYDROCARBON FRACTIONS OBTAINABLE BY SAID PROCESS
A process for producing hydrocarbon fractions having sustainable content is provided In the process, a hydrotreatment feed having petroleum content as well as renewable and/or circular content is subjected to hydrotreatment to obtain a hydrotreatment effluent, which is fed to a separation stage from which at least three different distillates and a separation stage bottom are recovered. A residual marine fuel component is further recovered from the separation stage bottom. A hydrocracking feed comprising a portion of the separation stage bottom is subjected to hydrocracking to obtain a hydrocracking effluent, which is co-fed with the hydrotreatment effluent to the separation stage.
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10G 65/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
44.
ERADICATING UNDESIRED MICROORGANISMS IN ALGAL AQUACULTURE PROCESSES
The present approach describes apparatus, systems, methods, and uses for eradicating undesired microorganisms in an algal aquaculture medium. Under the present approach, an algal aquaculture system may employ one or more apparatus of the present approach to eradicate undesired microorganisms in algal aquaculture medium used in the algal aquaculture systems. In some embodiments, apparatus, systems, and methods of the present approach selectively eradicate undesired microorganisms and, if desired, frack the desired algal cells for subsequent harvesting operations.
A process for producing rosin ester comprises preparing a reaction mixture comprising alcohol and rosin, where the rosin is gum rosin, wood rosin, or tall oil rosin. The process comprises spreading the reaction mixture on a heated surface to form a thin layer (201) of the reaction mixture where the esterification reaction takes place. The process comprises removing, from a gas space adjacent to the layer of the reaction mixture, water and other substances evaporated from the reaction mixture, and removing, from the heated surface, product in which the esterification reaction has produced the rosin ester. As the layer (201) of the reaction mixture is thin, mass transfer paths of water molecules leaving the reaction mixture are short and correspondingly an evaporation surface is large. This makes it possible to maintain a low water concentration in the reaction mixture and thereby to increase reaction speed.
A process for producing hydrocarbon fractions having renewable and/or circular content is provided In the process, a hydrotreatment feed having petroleum content as well as renewable and/or circular content is subjected to hydrotreatment to obtain a hydrotreatment effluent from which at least a naphtha fraction, a first middle distillate fraction, a second middle distillate fraction, and a first separation stage bottom are recovered. A hydroisomerisation feed comprising at least a portion of the first or the second middle distillate fraction is subjected to hydroisomerisation to obtain a hydroisomerisation effluent from which at least one or more aviation fuel range fraction and/or diesel fuel range fraction is/are recovered.
The present invention relates to a method of processing liquefied biomass comprising a hydroliquefaction step of providing a liquefaction effluent by liquefying biomass in the presence of a hydrogen source and a slurry-type catalyst, and converting at least part of the bioasphaltenes into components of lower boiling points. The liquefaction effluent comprises oil product, bioasphaltenes and solids. The conversion step comprises recirculating at least a portion of the liquefaction effluent comprising bioasphaltenes to the hydroliquefaction step and/or subjecting at least a portion of the liquefaction effluent comprising bioasphaltenes to hydroprocessing.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 1/08 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation with moving catalysts
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 21/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents
C10G 45/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
C10G 47/00 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
C10G 67/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including solvent extraction as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen
Disclosed is a hydrocarbon composition containing isomerized paraffins having specific cut-off points in a distillation curve, a density from 768.0 to 772.0 kg/m3, a freezing point of equal to or lower than −40° C., and an amount of isomerized paraffins of over 90 wt-% as calculated from total paraffinic content of the hydrocarbon composition. The hydrocarbon composition can be used in combination with a fuel or fuel component, especially a jet fuel. Disclosed is also a method to produce a hydrocarbon composition. The isomerized paraffins in the hydrocarbon composition can be from a renewable source.
The invention relates to a method for regenerating a spent catalyst from an upgraded liquid lignocellulose-based material comprising oil product and the spent catalyst. The method comprises treating the spent catalyst with water, steam, liquid acid and/or acidic aqueous solution. The invention further relates to a regeneration of catalyst and its use.
B01J 38/06 - Gas or vapour treatingTreating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst using steam
B01J 38/60 - Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended using acids
B01J 38/62 - Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended using acids organic
C10G 1/08 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation with moving catalysts
B01J 38/48 - Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended
B01J 38/50 - Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended using organic liquids
B01J 38/52 - Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended using organic liquids oxygen-containing
Systems and processes for separating algal hydrophobic products from an algal biomass stream are disclosed. The process includes introducing the algal biomass stream into a counter-current separation device, the algal biomass stream containing an aqueous solution, an extraction solvent, algal hydrophobic products and an algal biomass; introducing an aqueous stream into the counter-current separation device, wherein the aqueous stream contacts the algal biomass stream, and allowing separation of an organic phase and an aqueous phase in the counter-current separation device, the organic phase containing at least a portion of the extraction solvent and at least a portion of the algal hydrophobic products, and the aqueous phase containing at least a portion of the algal biomass, wherein an interface is formed between the organic phase and the aqueous phase.
Systems and processes for recovering algal biomass are disclosed. These processes include extracting a rag layer containing an algal biomass from an algal concentrate; deoiling the rag layer to produce a deoiled algal slurry; dewatering the deoiled algal slurry to create a dewatered, deoiled algal biomass, the dewatering including contacting the deoiled algal slurry with a filtration system and washing the deoiled algal slurry with a washing media, the filtration system including at least one filtration membrane; and drying the dewatered, deoiled algal biomass. Processes and systems wherein the dewatering occurs before the deoiling are also disclosed.
The invention relates to a method for recovering a catalyst from an upgraded liquid bio-based material. The method comprises a step of providing a reaction effluent by means of a liquefaction reaction, the reaction effluent comprising at least oil product, the catalyst and coarse particles (liquefaction step), a step of separating coarse particles from the reaction effluent to provide a coarse-particle-depleted reaction effluent (coarse particles separation step), and a step of separating catalyst from the coarse-particle-depleted reaction effluent to provide a separated catalyst and a purified oil product (catalyst separation step).
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
B01J 8/22 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes with fluidised particles with liquid as a fluidising medium gas being introduced into the liquid
C10G 1/08 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation with moving catalysts
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
53.
A WET EXTRACTION PROCESS IMPROVED BY ACIDIC AND CHELATING CONDITIONS
Disclosed herein are processes for extracting natural products from a biomass. The processes include forming an acidic feedstock stream having a pH of at most 4.0 and containing a biomass and an aqueous salt solution; contacting the acidic feedstock stream with an extraction solvent to form a dispersion; separating the dispersion into multiple layers, the layers including: a solvent extract layer containing at least one hydrophobic natural product and at least a portion of the extraction solvent, a raffinate layer containing at least a portion of the aqueous salt solution, and a rag layer containing at least a portion of a lipid-depleted biomass; and recovering at least part of the solvent extract layer, at least part of the raffinate layer and/or at least part of the rag layer. Systems configured to perform the processes are also disclosed.
Herein is described a method for the production of liquid hydrocarbon composition, comprising i) providing carbonaceous feedstock (a); ii) subjecting the carbonaceous feedstock (a) to catalytic hydroliquefaction (10) in the presence of hydrogen to obtain a product mixture comprising liquid hydrocarbons and off-gas; iii) separating (20) the liquid hydrocarbons and the off-gas to obtain a first liquid fraction (b-1) and a first gaseous fraction (c-1) iv) converting (30) in gas phase at least part of the light oxygenates comprised in the first gaseous fraction (c-1) and v) converting in the presence of water steam at least part of the carbon monoxide (CO) comprised in the first gaseous fraction (c-1) and/or produced in step iv) to carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2) by water gas shift reaction, to obtain a CO2 and H2 enriched first gaseous fraction (c-1e); and vi) separating (40) non-condensables from the CO2 and H2 enriched first gaseous fraction (C-1e) to obtain a second gaseous fraction (c-2) and a second liquid fraction (b-2); vii) recovering (50) at least part of H2 from the second gaseous fraction (c-2) and recirculating at least part, of the recovered H2 to step ii); viii) recovering the first liquid fraction (b-1) and/or the second liquid fraction (b-2) to provide a liquid hydrocarbon composition.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C01B 3/24 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
C01B 3/36 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 1/08 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation with moving catalysts
C10K 3/04 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment reducing the carbon monoxide content
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
Provided herein is a method for the production of hydrocarbon composition, comprising: i) providing carbonaceous feedstock (1); ii) subjecting the carbonaceous feedstock (a) to catalytic hydroliquefaction (10) in the presence of hydrogen (91) to obtain a product mixture (11); iii) separating (20) the product mixture (11) into liquid a first liquid fraction (61) and a first gaseous fraction (21); iv) recovering at least part of H2 from the first gaseous fraction (21) to obtain a H2 depleted second gaseous fraction (22), and recirculating (93) at least part of the recovered H2 to step ii); v) subjecting at least part of the H2 depleted second gaseous fraction (22) to partial oxygenation (POx) to convert (40) at least part of the light hydrocarbons comprised in the H2 depleted first gaseous fraction (22) to syngas to obtain a third gaseous fraction comprising syngas; vi) converting in the presence of water steam at least part of the carbon monoxide (CO) comprised in the third gaseous fraction to carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2) to obtain a CO2 and H2 enriched third gaseous fraction (23); vii) recovering (50) at least part of H2 (94) from the CO2 and H2 enriched third gaseous fraction (23) and recirculating at least part of the recovered H2 to step ii); and viii) recovering the first liquid fraction (b-1) to provide a liquid hydrocarbon composition.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C01B 3/24 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
C01B 3/36 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 1/08 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation with moving catalysts
C10K 3/04 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment reducing the carbon monoxide content
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
The present invention relates to a method for processing a low-temperature Fischer-Tropsch reaction effluent (1) into a fuel product, the method comprising fractionating the Fischer-Tropsch effluent; processing the C5 and higher hydrocarbons by a catalytic isomerising hydrocracking (7) to produce an isomerised product (8); fractionating the isomerised product to obtain hydrogen (11), a mixture of gases (12) at least mainly other than hydrogen, water (15), at least one fuel product (16, 16') and a fraction consisting mainly of C17 and higher hydrocarbons (17). The method also comprises directing at least part of the gases to a reverse water gas shift reaction (18); and recycling the fraction consisting mainly of C17 and higher hydrocarbons from the third fractionation to the catalytic isomerising hydrocracking.
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10K 3/02 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment
The present disclosure provides a diesel fuel component produced from feedstock of biological origin and a method for producing the same. The present disclosure provides diesel fuel blends containing the diesel fuel component of biological origin and at least one additional diesel fuel.
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 67/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system (1) comprising a rotatable hollow chamber (2) having a front end (3) and a back end (4), a feeding system (5) configured to feed material into the hollow chamber (2) via at least one feed outlet (7), a gas outlet (8) for collecting a product comprising a gas (9) from at least partially pyrolyzed material, wherein the system (1) is configured to allow flowing of the gas (9) from at least partially pyrolyzed material within the rotatable hollow chamber (2) substantially in a direction from the front end (3) to the back end (4), and a heating system (10) comprising a muffle (6) enclosing at least a part of the rotatable hollow chamber (2) thereby providing a cavity (23) between at least a part of an outer surface (14) of the rotatable hollow chamber (2) and a wall (20) of the muffle (6), wherein a heating gas inlet (11) for guiding a heating gas (15) into the cavity (13) is located in the proximity of the back end (4) of the rotatable hollow chamber (2) and a heating gas outlet (12) for guiding the heating gas (15) out of the cavity (13) is located in the proximity of the front end (3) of the rotatable hollow chamber (2), wherein the heating system (10) further comprises at least one first cooling gas inlet (16) between the heating gas inlet (11) and the heating gas outlet (12) for guiding a cooling gas (17) into the cavity (13) in order to mix the cooling gas (17) with the heating gas (15) present in the cavity (13), and wherein the heating gas inlet (11) comprises a vent (19) capable of adjusting, limiting or blocking a heating gas flow into the cavity (13).
The present invention relates to a method for processing a low-temperature Fischer- Tropsch process effluent (1) into a fuel product, the method comprising fractionating the Fischer-Tropsch effluent in a first fractionation (2), separating water and oxygenates (4); and processing a fraction consisting mainly of C17 and higher hydrocarbons by a catalytic hydrocracking (21) to produce a hydrocracked liquid product (22) and a further fraction consisting mainly of C17 and higher hydrocarbons (23). Thereafter the liquid products are processed by catalytic hydroisomerisation (7) to produce a product mixture (8), which is fractionated in a second fractionation (9) and a third fractionation (14). The method further comprises directing at least some of the gases to a reverse water gas shift reaction (18); and recycling a heavy fraction consisting mainly of C17 and higher hydrocarbons to the first fractionation (2).
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
B01D 21/00 - Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10G 45/62 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10G 45/64 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
C10G 47/00 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
C10K 3/02 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment
61.
ROTARY KILN REACTOR AND METHOD OF OPERATING A ROTARY KILN REACTOR
According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rotary kiln reactor (1) comprising a rotatable hollow chamber (2) having a front end (3) and a back end (4), a feeding system (5) configured to feed material into the hollow chamber (2) via at least one feed outlet (6), a gas outlet (7) for collecting a product comprising a gas (8) from at least partially pyrolyzed material, a residue outlet (9), wherein at least one movable object (10) is arranged within the rotatable hollow chamber (2), and an internal structure (17) is fixedly attached to an inner surface (15) of the rotatable hollow chamber (2) between the at least one movable object (10 and the back end (4), wherein an inner diameter of the structure (17) is smaller than an inner diameter of the rotatable hollow chamber (2).
C10B 53/00 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
C10B 53/07 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
F27B 7/18 - Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being movable within the drum
F23G 5/20 - Methods or apparatus, e.g. incinerators, specially adapted for combustion of waste or low-grade fuels with combustion in rotating or oscillating drums
F27B 7/20 - Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
The present invention relates to a marine fuel blend having a kinematic viscosity of 2-30 mm2/s as measured at 50° C. according to EN ISO 3104:2020 and comprising 0.5-50 vol-% of palm oil effluent sludge bottom.
According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an arrangement (1) comprising a rotary kiln reactor (2) comprising a rotatable pyrolysis chamber (3) for obtaining a gas from at least partially pyrolyzed material, wherein the reactor (2) comprises a first stationary coupler (4), wherein the first stationary coupler (4) comprises a first rotating swivel (17), and a chain (6) only mechanically coupled to the first stationary coupler (4) at a first end (7) of the chain (6), wherein the chain (6) is arranged such that a part of the chain (6) is in mechanical contact with an inner surface (8) of the rotatable pyrolysis chamber (3) during operation of the reactor (2).
C10B 47/30 - Other processes in rotary ovens or retorts
C10B 53/07 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
F27B 7/16 - Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum
F23G 5/20 - Methods or apparatus, e.g. incinerators, specially adapted for combustion of waste or low-grade fuels with combustion in rotating or oscillating drums
64.
A METHOD FOR PRODUCING TRANSPORTATION FUELS AND COMPONENTS THERETO
The present invention concerns a method for producing jet fuel, diesel, or components thereto from a pretreated feed comprising at least 90 wt.-% liquid paraffins by hydroisomerization reaction using metal impregnated EU-2 based zeolite on a support as the catalyst. According to the method desired product distribution is adjusted by hydroisomerization reaction temperature.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
B01J 29/89 - Silicates, aluminosilicates or borosilicates of titanium, zirconium or hafnium
C01B 39/44 - Ferrierite type, e.g. types ZSM-21, ZSM-35 or ZSM-38
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/64 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
A method for treating a lipid feedstock (a), comprising i) providing the lipid feedstock (a); ii) optionally removing free water from the lipid feedstock (a); iii) removing solid impurities from the lipid feedstock (a) to obtain a conditioned lipid feedstock (b); iv) heating the conditioned lipid feedstock (b) to a desired heat treatment temperature; v) heat-treating the conditioned lipid feedstock (b) at a heat treatment temperature of at least 150 °C to obtain a heat-treated lipid feedstock (c); vi) optionally further treating the heat-treated lipid feedstock (c) with an acid and/or adsorbent material to obtain a further treated lipid feedstock (d); vii) recovering the heat-treated lipid feedstock (c) and/or the further treated lipid feedstock (d) by phase separation to obtain a purified lipid feedstock (e); and viii) optionally subjecting the purified lipid feedstock (d) to hydroprocessing to obtain at least one renewable hydrocarbon product.
Herein is described a method for treating lipid material for chlorine removal. In said method the combined alkali treatment and heat-treating convert organic chlorine compounds into inorganic chlorine compounds, which are removed from the matrix more easily than said organic chlorine compounds.
Provided herein a method of purifying lipid feedstock, comprising i) providing the lipid feedstock (a); ii) when the net elementary charge Q1 of the lipid feedstock (a) is below 0 mmol/kg, adjusting the net elementary charge of the lipid feedstock (a) to total net elementary charge Qt of at least 0 mmol/kg, such as from 0 to 10 mmol/kg, preferably at least 0.5 mmol/kg, such as from 0.5 to 5 mmol/kg, more preferably at least 1 mmol/kg, such as 1 to 3 mmol/kg, by mixing the lipid feedstock (a) with a charge balancing component comprising, or consisting of, a metal compound; and iii) optionally adjusting the free fatty acid (FFA) concentration of the the lipid feedstock (a) to above 2 wt%, such as 2.5 to 40 wt%, preferably at least 3 wt%, such as from 3 to 30 wt%, more preferably to at least 4 wt%, such as from 4 to 20 wt%, even more preferably from 4 to 10 wt%, of the total weight of the resulting lipid feedstock; and iv) removing solid impurities, and optionally excess water, from the lipid feedstock (a); to obtain a conditioned lipid feedstock (b) having a total net elementary charge Qt within the values defined in step ii); v) heating the conditioned lipid feedstock (b), preferably in the presence of water, at a temperature from 180 to 325 °C to obtain a heat-treated lipid feedstock (c); vi) optionally further treating the heat-treated lipid feedstock (c) with an acid and/or adsorbent material, preferably under bleaching conditions, to obtain a further treated lipid feedstock (d); and vii) recovering the heat-treated lipid feedstock (c) and/or the further treated lipid feedstock (d) by phase-separation to obtain a purified lipid feedstock (e). Further provided herein is a process for providing renewable hydrocarbons, comprising x) purifying lipid feedstock by the provided method to obtain purified lipid material, and y) subjecting the purified lipid material to hydroprocessing to obtain at least one renewable hydrocarbon.
The present invention relates to a method for producing renewable C3-C8 hydrocarbons D from renewable feedstock A, in particular to methods comprising separate hydrodeoxygenation (20) hydrocracking (40) steps, wherein the hydrocracking is performed using metal impregnated mesoporous molecular sieves embedded with ZSM-23 zeolite or Beta zeolite as catalyst.
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
B01J 29/04 - Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites, pillared clays
B01J 29/70 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolitesIsomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups
The present disclosure relates to producing hydrocarbons from a feedstock containing organic material of biological origin. An exemplary process includes providing a feedstock including organic material of biological origin; pre-treating the feedstock in one or more pre-treatment stages to obtain a purified feedstock; subjecting the purified feedstock to pre-hydrotreatment to obtain a stream of partly hydrotreated feed; subjecting the stream of partly hydrotreated feed to hydrotreatment to obtain a stream of hydrocarbons; subjecting the stream of hydrocarbons to isomerisation to obtain an isomerised stream of hydrocarbons; and distilling the isomerised stream of hydrocarbons to obtain at least two fractions, a first heavy bottom fraction and a second middle fraction, at least one of which is collected as a product of hydrocarbons.
The present disclosure provides a marine fuel component produced from feedstock of biological origin and a method for producing the same. The present disclosure provides marine fuel blends containing the marine fuel component of biological origin and at least one additional marine fuel.
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 67/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
The present disclosure provides a process for producing hydrocarbons from a feedstock including organic material of biological origin, by providing a feedstock including organic material of biological origin; pre-treating the feedstock in one or more pre-treatment stages to obtain a purified feedstock; subjecting the purified feedstock to pre-hydrotreatment to obtain a stream of partly hydrotreated feed; distilling the stream of partly hydrotreated feed to obtain at least two fractions, a first heavy bottom fraction which is removed from the process, and a second middle fraction which is collected for further treatment; subjecting the collected middle fraction to hydrotreatment to obtain a stream of hydrocarbons; and subjecting the stream of hydrocarbons to isomerization to obtain an isomerised stream of hydrocarbons.
C10G 69/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of catalytic cracking in the absence of hydrogen
C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
73.
HEAT TREATMENT WITH ADSORPTION PURIFICATION OF ORGANIC MATERIAL OF BIOLOGICAL ORIGIN
The present disclosure provides a method of purifying an organic material of biological origin, which includes providing a feedstock containing organic material of biological origin; purifying the feedstock in a pre-treatment step including heating the feedstock in a presence of an adsorbent at a temperature of at least 150° C., to obtain a heat-treated feedstock; filtering the heat-treated feedstock to remove adsorbent and to obtain a purified feedstock; and optionally subjecting the purified feedstock to further processing, wherein the purifying is performed in a cone vessel having a first cross sectional area in an upper part of the vessel which decreases downwards to a second cross sectional area, which is smaller than the first cross sectional area.
The present disclosure provides a process for producing hydrocarbons from a feedstock containing organic material of biological origin. An exemplary process includes providing a feedstock containing organic material of biological origin; subjecting the feedstock to pre-hydrotreatment, wherein the pre-hydrotreatment is carried out in an ebullated bed reactor, to obtain a partly hydrotreated feed; subjecting the partly hydrotreated feed to hydrotreatment, wherein the hydrotreatment is carried out in a fixed bed reactor, to obtain a stream of hydrocarbons; and subjecting the stream of hydrocarbons to isomerisation to obtain an isomerised stream of hydrocarbons.
The present disclosure relates to a base oil hydrocarbon composition containing a total paraffin content of from 50 wt. % to 65 wt. %, of which at least 90% are isomerised paraffins, a naphthenes content of from 25 wt. % to 35 wt. %, aromatics in an amount of 4 wt. % to 16 wt. % based on a total weight of the composition, and wherein the composition has a pour point of −26° C. to −32° C. and a kinematic viscosity 100° C. of 7 to 17 cSt. The base oil hydrocarbon composition is obtained from a feedstock containing organic material of biological origin, such as crude tall oil. A process produces a base oil hydrocarbon product from a feedstock including organic material of biological origin.
Herein is described method for purifying liquefied waste plastic, LWP, the method comprising the steps of i) providing a liquefied waste plastic feed (a); ii) pretreating the liquefied waste plastic feed (a) to obtain a pretreated feed (b), wherein the pretreating comprises mixing the liquefied waste plastic feed (a) with an aqueous solution to obtain an admixture, and heat-treating said admixture to obtain the pretreated feed (b); iii) phase separating the pretreated feed (b) to obtain a pretreated oil (c); iv) contacting an adsorbent with the pretreated oil (c) by dispersing the adsorbent with the pretreated oil (c) to obtain an oil-adsorbent admixture (d); and v) subjecting the oil-adsorbent admixture (d) to a solid-liquid separation to obtain purified oil (e). Herein is further described use of the purified oil in at least one catalytic hydrotreating step to obtain LWP hydrocarbons. Herein is yet further described use of high temperature pretreatment and adsorption sequentially for purifying liquefied waste plastic.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C08J 11/14 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with steam or water
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 19/02 - Refining hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment with aqueous alkaline solutions
C10G 25/06 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents with moving sorbents or sorbents dispersed in the oil
C10G 31/09 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for by filtration
C10G 31/10 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for with the aid of centrifugal force
C10G 67/14 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including at least two different refining steps in the absence of hydrogen
C10B 53/07 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
The invention relates to an improved method for treating liquefied waste plastics including providing a volume of the liquefied waste plastics-based oil, subjecting the volume of LWP-based oil to a heat treatment, phase separating the resulting heat-treated mixture volume a first aqueous phase volume and a first oil phase volume, isolating the first aqueous phase volume, adjusting the pH of the first aqueous phase volume to pH 9.0 or below, and phase-separating the pH adjusted volume into at least a second aqueous phase volume and a second oil phase volume.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 17/04 - Liquid-liquid treatment forming two immiscible phases
C10G 19/02 - Refining hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment with aqueous alkaline solutions
C10G 29/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
C10G 31/06 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for by heating, cooling, or pressure treatment
C10G 53/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only including at least one extraction step
C10G 53/10 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only including at least one acid-treatment step
C10G 53/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only including at least one alkaline-treatment step
C02F 1/66 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisationTreatment of water, waste water, or sewage pH adjustment
78.
MIDDLE DISTILLATE FUEL FROM ORGANIC MATERIAL OF BIOLOGICAL ORIGIN
The present disclosure relates to a middle distillate fuel composition obtainable from crude tall oil (CTO) optionally including tall oil pitch (TOP) or tall oil pitch (TOP), the composition including n- and i-paraffins in an amount of 55 wt. % to 70 wt. %, of which i-paraffins content is equal to or more than 80%, cycloalkanes in an amount of 30 wt. % to 40 wt. %, and C7-C20 aromatics in an amount of 0.1 wt. % to 5 wt. %, wherein cetane number of the fuel composition is at least 60 and density of the fuel composition is at least 800 kg/m3.
C10G 65/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/02 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
79.
PRODUCING HYDROCARBONS FROM ORGANIC MATERIAL OF BIOLOGICAL ORIGIN
The present disclosure provides a process for producing hydrocarbons from a feedstock containing organic material of biological origin. The process includes: providing a feedstock containing organic material of biological origin; pre-treating the feedstock in one or more pre-treatment stages to obtain a purified feedstock; subjecting the purified feedstock to pre-hydrotreatment to obtain a stream of partly hydrotreated feed; subjecting the stream of partly hydrotreated feed to hydrotreatment to obtain a stream of hydrocarbons; distilling the stream of hydrocarbons to obtain at least two fractions, a first heavy bottom fraction which is removed from the process, and a second middle fraction, which is collected for further processing; and subjecting the collected middle fraction to isomerisation to obtain an isomerised stream of hydrocarbons.
C10G 65/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/62 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
80.
PROCESSES AND SYSTEMS FOR PREPARING AND DELIVERING A CONDITIONED AQUEOUS MEDIUM TO ONE OR MORE ALGAL GROWTH PONDS
The present invention relates to the growth of algae, in particular to processes and systems for preparing and delivering an algal growth medium to one or more algal aquaculture ponds that significantly reduces capital and operating costs relative to known processes and systems, and that provides for a uniform algal growth medium that can be delivered to a plurality of algal aquaculture ponds when a plurality of algal aquaculture ponds is present.
Processes and systems are disclosed herein for culturing algae and/or the reduction in pathogenic microbes from shrimp, fish or other marine aquacultural process streams, e.g., waste or recycle streams, wherein the process streams are fed to an algal aquaculture pond operated at a salinity of at least about 7 wt-%, and wherein valuable nutrients are utilized by the algae.
The present disclosure relates to thermal cracking a renewable stabilized naphtha-range hydrocarbon feed and a cracking effluent. A method includes providing a renewable stabilized naphtha-range hydrocarbon feed; thermally cracking the renewable stabilized naphtha-range hydrocarbon feed in a thermal cracking furnace, optionally together with co-feed(s) and/or additive(s); and subjecting the effluent of the thermal cracking furnace to a separation treatment to provide at least a light olefin(s) fraction.
C10G 69/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one polymerisation or alkylation step
The present invention relates to a method for producing renewable aviation fuel D or components thereto from a feed-stock A of biological origin, in particular to methods comprising separate hydrodeoxygenation 20 and hydroisomerization 40 steps wherein the hydroisomerization is performed in the presence of a catalyst comprising a noble metal, a 12-membered ring zeolite with a pore size below 0.7 nm.
C10G 45/64 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
The present disclosure relates to a method of providing a renewable cracker feed obtainable by fractionating an isomeric hydrocarbon composition having an i-paraffins content of 85.0 wt.-% or more and a carbon range in a range of from 20 to 32 into at least a lower-boiling fraction and a higher-boiling fraction, and providing at least part of the lower-boiling fraction or at least part of the higher-boiling fraction as the renewable cracker feed; thermally cracking the renewable cracker feed in a thermal cracking furnace, optionally together with co-feed(s) and/or additive(s); and subjecting an effluent of the thermal cracking furnace to a separation treatment to provide at least a light olefin(s) fraction. A polymer composition obtainable by use of olefin(s) in the light olefin(s) fraction is also disclosed.
C10G 47/22 - Non-catalytic cracking in the presence of hydrogen
C10G 55/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by at least one refining process and at least one cracking process plural serial stages only including at least one thermal cracking step
The present disclosure relates to a process for producing rosin oils from a renewable material comprising rosin acid such as from a feedstock comprising crude tall oil. According to the process, rosin acid present in the renewable material is separated (101), and a stream comprising at least part of the separated rosin acid is subjected to thermal decarboxylation reaction (102) to produce a stream comprising formed rosin oil, and recovering (103) rosin oil from the stream. The disclosure also relates to a system for carrying out the process, as well as to uses of the rosin oil obtainable by the process as renewable feedstock in co-processing with fossil feedstock for increasing renewable content of fossil transportation fuels and/or chemical and in co-processing with other renewable feedstocks for production of renewable fuels and/or chemicals, or components thereto. The disclosure also relates to a rosin oil product obtainable by the process.
A method for treating a gaseous composition is herein disclosed. The method includes subjecting a gaseous composition comprising H2, methane, ethane, propane, and hydrocarbons having a carbon number of at least C4 to distillation in a thermally coupled distillation system to recover a propane composition.
A method is disclosed for purifying animal waste feedstock. The method comprises providing animal waste feedstock (100) containing fat solids, and heating said animal waste feedstock (100) to an elevated temperature of 100° C. or below to liquefy (102) the fat solids in the animal waste feedstock (100), thereby obtaining liquefied fat. The liquefied fat is isolated from solid material to obtain isolated liquefied fat. The isolated liquefied fat is subjected to bleaching (106) in the presence of acid (113) and sorbent to obtain bleached liquefied fat.
The disclosure relates to a method for upgrading liquefied waste plastic, wherein the method includes a step of providing a liquefied waste plastic feed, a step of thermally cracking the liquefied waste plastic feed in a thermal cracking reactor, and a step of separating at least a fraction including ethylene from the effluent of the thermal cracking reactor, wherein the liquefied waste plastic feed has a content ratio of i-olefins to n-olefins of 3.0 or less. The disclosure also provides a liquefied waste plastic feed for thermal cracking.
C10G 9/36 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
Current invention describes a process for producing poly-α-olefins, the process comprises providing at least one α-olefin monomer and a catalyst, and letting the at least one α-olefin monomer react in the presence of the catalyst to form a mixture of poly-α-olefins (PAO). The obtained mixture of poly-α-olefins is fractionated to two PAO fractions wherein the two PAO fractions are a first fraction of PAO having a kinematic viscosity of 5 cSt or lower and a second fraction of PAO having a kinematic viscosity of more than 5 cSt. Optionally a recycle fraction is also obtained in the fractionation and at least a part of the recycle fraction comprising dimers of the α- olefins can be recycled back to the reaction step. The process further comprises a step where the obtained two PAO fractions are directly subjected to separate hydrogenation to obtain hydrogenated PAO fractions.
C10K 3/02 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment
91.
NOVEL METHOD FOR REMOVAL OF INORGANIC CHLORIDE COMPOUNDS FROM A FEEDSTOCK
C11B 3/10 - Refining fats or fatty oils by adsorption
B01J 20/10 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositionsSorbents for chromatographyProcesses for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
The present invention relates to a method for producing renewable C3 hydrocarbons D and renewable aromatic hydrocarbons E from a renewable feedstock A, in particular to methods comprising hydrodeoxygenation (20) and catalytic cracking (40) steps wherein the catalytic cracking is catalysed by a catalyst comprising a zeolite and a support, wherein the zeolite is a 12-membered ring zeolite with a pore size below 0.7 nm.
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 11/20 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert heated gases or vapours
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
The present disclosure describes a process for producing poly-α-olefins. The process includes providing at least one α-olefin monomer and a catalyst, and letting the at least one α-olefin monomer react in the presence of the catalyst to form a mixture of poly-α-olefins (PAO). The obtained mixture of poly-α-olefins is fractionated to two PAO fractions wherein the two PAO fractions are a first fraction of PAO having a kinematic viscosity of 5 cSt or lower and a second fraction of PAO having a kinematic viscosity of more than 5 cSt. Optionally a recycle fraction is also obtained in the fractionation and at least a part of the recycle fraction including dimers of the α-olefins can be recycled back to the reaction step.
C10G 69/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one polymerisation or alkylation step
C10G 69/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of catalytic cracking in the absence of hydrogen
A method of processing liquefied waste plastic (LWP) includes hydrotreating a stream of liquified waste plastic (LWP) in a presence of hydrogen and a catalyst in a first hydrotreatment step in specified first (e.g., mild) hydrotreatment conditions, to form a stream of hydrotreated LWP, in a reactor system including at least one reactor each containing at least one catalyst bed; and blending the stream of hydrotreated LWP with a stream including hydrocarbons to form a mixed stream of hydrotreated LWP and hydrocarbons, and to provide a purified hydrocarbon product.
C10G 69/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of thermal cracking in the absence of hydrogen
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbonsHydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
The present disclosure relates to a method for producing propylene C, in particular to methods comprising catalytic cracking 10 of a feed containing sustainable hydrocarbons A with zeolites having a framework type MTW.
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 11/02 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils characterised by the catalyst used
C10G 11/10 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with stationary catalyst bed
C10G 11/18 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised bed" technique
C10G 21/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents
C10G 45/62 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10G 51/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more cracking processes only plural serial stages only
C10G 65/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
C10G 65/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps at least one step being a selective hydrogenation of the diolefins
C10G 69/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of catalytic cracking in the absence of hydrogen
Herein is provided a renewable hydrocarbon composition comprising n-paraffins and i- paraffins, wherein the sum amount of any C8-C16 i-paraffins is from 50 to 94 wt-% of the total hydrocarbon composition weight, the kinematic viscosity at -20 °C of the hydrocarbon composition is from 3.7 to 8 mm2/s, and the weighted average carbon number of the hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon composition is from 12.1 to 14.2.
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/62 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10G 47/02 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions characterised by the catalyst used
C10G 55/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by at least one refining process and at least one cracking process plural serial stages only including at least one catalytic cracking step
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particlesApparatus for such processes
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C10G 45/64 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour pointSelective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
98.
Method for producing renewable gas, renewable naphtha, and renewable jet fuel
The present invention relates to a method for producing renewable gas D, renewable naphtha E, and renewable jet fuel F or components thereto from a renewable feedstock A, in particular to methods comprising separate hydrodeoxygenation (20) and hydroisomerization steps (40) wherein the hydroisomerization is performed in the presence of a metal impregnated ZSM-23 catalyst.
B01J 35/70 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their crystalline properties, e.g. semi-crystalline
B01J 35/77 - Compounds characterised by their crystallite size
C10G 49/08 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups , , , , or characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
The present invention relates to a method for producing renewable aviation fuel D or components thereto from renewable feedstock A comprising separate hydrodeoxygenation (20) hydroisomerization step (40), wherein the hydroisomerization is catalysed by metal impregnated hierarchical zeolite catalyst.
A multipurpose oil comprising a renewable hydrocarbon base stock and an anionic surfactant composition, and a method for producing the same are disclosed. Use of the multipurpose oil for at least two or more of anticorrosion, penetration, lubrication, water displacement, and/or cleaning, is further disclosed.
