A high temperature process is provided, which can melt, atomize and spheroidize a coarse angular powder into a fine and spherical one. It uses thermal plasma to melt the particle in a heating chamber and a supersonic nozzle to accelerate the stream and break up the particles into finer ones.
B22F 9/08 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensions; Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par des procédés physiques à partir d'un matériau liquide par coulée, p.ex. à travers de petits orifices ou dans l'eau, par atomisation ou pulvérisation
B22F 9/14 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensions; Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par des procédés physiques en utilisant des décharges électriques
C22C 1/04 - Fabrication des alliages non ferreux par métallurgie des poudres
2.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING HIGH PURITY SPHERICAL METALLIC POWDERS AT HIGH PRODUCTION RATES FROM ONE OR TWO WIRES
The present application relates to a plasma atomization process and apparatus for producing metallic powders from at least one wire/rod feedstock. In the process, an electrical arc is applied between the at least one wire/rod feedstock, and a plasma torch is employed to generate a supersonic plasma stream at an apex at which the electric arc is transferred to the at least one wire/rod to melt and atomize the at least one wire/rod feedstock to produce the metallic powders. An anti-satellite diffuser is employed to prevent recirculation of the powders in order to avoid satellite formation.
B22F 9/14 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensions; Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par des procédés physiques en utilisant des décharges électriques
B22F 9/08 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensions; Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par des procédés physiques à partir d'un matériau liquide par coulée, p.ex. à travers de petits orifices ou dans l'eau, par atomisation ou pulvérisation
A two-step gasification process and apparatus for the conversion of solid or liquid organic waste into clean fuel, suitable for use in a gas engine or a gas burner, is described. The waste is fed initially into a primary gasifier, which is a graphite arc furnace. Within the primary gasifier, the organic components of the waste are mixed with a predetermined amount of air, oxygen or steam, and converted into volatiles and soot. The volatiles consist mainly of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and may include a variety of other hydrocarbons and some fly ash. The gas exiting the primary gasifier first passes through a hot cyclone, where some of the soot and most of the fly ash is collected and returned to the primary gasifier. The remaining soot along with the volatile organic compounds is further treated in a secondary gasifier where the soot and the volatile compounds mix with a high temperature plasma jet and a metered amount of air, oxygen or steam, and are converted into a synthesis gas consisting primarily of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The synthesis gas is then quenched and cleaned to form a clean fuel gas suitable for use in a gas engine or a gas burner. This offers higher thermal efficiency than conventional technology and produces a cleaner fuel than other known alternatives.
In a fossil fuel waste incineration or plasma gasification process, waste heat generated by combustion of waste is captured by a heat transfer fluid and conveyed to an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) for energy recovery. In the case of a fossil fuel-fired waste incineration system, the heat transfer fluid captures waste heat from a double-walled combustion chamber, a heat exchanger being used to cool the hot process exhaust (gas cooler). In the case of a plasma waste gasification system, the heat transfer fluid captures waste heat from a plasma torch, a gasification chamber and combustion chamber cooling jackets as well as any other high-temperature components requiring cooling, and then a heat exchanger used to cool the hot process exhaust (gas cooler). The heat exchanger may take on several configurations, including plate or shell and tube configurations.
F01K 25/08 - Ensembles fonctionnels ou machines motrices caractérisés par l'emploi de fluides énergétiques particuliers non prévus ailleurs; Ensembles fonctionnant selon un cycle fermé, non prévus ailleurs utilisant des vapeurs particulières
F23G 5/16 - Procédés ou appareils, p.ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets ou de combustibles pauvres comportant un chauffage supplémentaire comportant une combustion secondaire dans une chambre de combustion séparée
A process is disclosed of making silicon by carbothermic reduction of silica having a low carbon footprint, low NOx emission, and reduced resource usage in the form of carbon. Also disclosed is a carbon capture method for a silicon making process by carbothermic reduction of silica using a combination of thermal plasma and high-pressure disproportionation of CO(g).
C01B 33/025 - Préparation par réduction de silice ou d'un matériau contenant de la silice avec du carbone ou un matériau carboné solide, c. à d. procédé carbothermique
An apparatus for producing metallic powders from molten feedstock includes a heating source for melting a solid feedstock into a molten feed, and a crucible for containing the molten feed. A liquid feed tube is also provided to feed the molten feed as a molten stream. A plasma source delivers a plasma stream, with the plasma stream being adapted to be accelerated to a supersonic velocity and being adapted to then impact the molten stream for producing metallic powders. The feed tube extends from the crucible to a location where a supersonic plasma plume atomizes the molten stream. The plasma source includes at least two plasma torches provided with at least one supersonic nozzle aimed towards the molten stream. The multiple plasma torches are disposed symmetrically about the location where the supersonic plasma plumes atomize the molten stream, such as in a ring-shaped configuration.
B22F 9/08 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensions; Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par des procédés physiques à partir d'un matériau liquide par coulée, p.ex. à travers de petits orifices ou dans l'eau, par atomisation ou pulvérisation
B22F 9/14 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensions; Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par des procédés physiques en utilisant des décharges électriques
H05H 1/42 - Torches à plasma utilisant un arc avec des dispositions pour l'introduction des matériaux dans le plasma, p.ex. de la poudre, du liquide
A process and an apparatus are disclosed for improved recovery of metal from hot and cold dross, wherein a dross-treating furnace is provided with a filling material with capacity to store heat. This filling material is preheated to a desired temperature by injection of an oxidizing gas to burn non-recoverable metal remaining in the filling material after tapping of the recoverable metal contained in the dross and discharging of the treatment residue. When dross is treated in such furnace, the heat emanating by conduction from the filling material is sufficient to melt and separate the recoverable metal contained in the dross, without addition of an external heat source, such as fuel or gas burners, plasma torches or electric arcs and without use of any salt fluxes. Furthermore, the recovered metal being in the molten state can be fed to the molten metal holding furnace without cooling the melt.
F27B 7/06 - Fours à tambours rotatifs, c. à d. horizontaux ou légèrement inclinés adaptés pour le traitement de la charge sous vide ou sous atmosphère contrôlée
F27B 7/10 - Fours à tambours rotatifs, c. à d. horizontaux ou légèrement inclinés chauffés intérieurement, p.ex. au moyen de passages dans la paroi
F27B 7/16 - Fours à tambours rotatifs, c. à d. horizontaux ou légèrement inclinés avec des moyens pour brasser ou déplacer la charge ces moyens étant fixes par rapport au tambour
F27B 7/20 - Fours à tambours rotatifs, c. à d. horizontaux ou légèrement inclinés - Parties constitutives, accessoires ou équipement particuliers aux fours à tambours rotatifs
F27D 3/16 - Introduction d'un jet de fluide ou d'un courant dans la charge
9.
PLASMA PROCESS TO CONVERT SPENT POT LINING (SPL) TO INERT SLAG, ALUMINUM FLUORIDE AND ENERGY
Apparatus for converting Spent Pot Lining (SPL) into inert slag, aluminum fluoride and energy includes a plasma arc furnace such that the destruction of SPL occurs therein. The furnace generates an electric arc within the waste, which arc travels from an anode to a cathode and destroys the waste due to the arc's extreme temperature, thereby converting a mineral fraction of SPL into vitrified inert slag lying within a crucible of the furnace. The furnace gasifies the carbon content of the SPL and produces a well-balanced syngas. The gasification takes place due to the controlled intake of air and steam into the furnace. The gasification reaction liberates significant amount of energy. Steam captures this excess energy, to provide part of the oxygen requirement for gasification and to contribute to raise the syngas H2 content. Steam also contributes to converting some SPL fluorides (NaF and Al2F3) into hydrogen fluoride. The plasma SPL processing system is compact (occupying less area than some competitive methods of SPL treatment), can be installed in close proximity to the aluminium plant (minimizing transportation of SPL and AlF3), and requires only electricity as its energy source and thus no fossil fuels.
B09B 3/50 - Destruction de déchets solides ou transformation de déchets solides en quelque chose d'utile ou d'inoffensif impliquant un rayonnement, p.ex. des ondes électromagnétiques
B09B 3/70 - Traitement chimique, p.ex. ajustement du pH ou oxydation
B09B 5/00 - Opérations non couvertes par une seule autre sous-classe ou par un seul autre groupe de la présente sous-classe
C01F 7/302 - Hydrolyse ou oxydation de composés gazeux de l'aluminium en phase gazeuse
C04B 18/14 - Déchets; Résidus provenant de procédés métallurgiques
C10J 3/57 - Gazéification utilisant des sels ou métaux fondus
01 - Produits chimiques destinés à l'industrie, aux sciences ainsi qu'à l'agriculture
04 - Huiles et graisses industrielles; lubrifiants; combustibles
06 - Métaux communs et minerais; objets en métal
07 - Machines et machines-outils
11 - Appareils de contrôle de l'environnement
37 - Services de construction; extraction minière; installation et réparation
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
41 - Éducation, divertissements, activités sportives et culturelles
Produits et services
Metallic and ceramic nanopowders and micrometric size
powders for use in manufacturing, in industry and science;
metallic spherical powders for use in manufacturing, in
industry and science; plasma treated metallic powders for
use in manufacturing, in industry and science. Synthetic gas produced from the conversion of waste and
biomass; fuel gas; fuel for use in burners for the
production of heat and to fuel internal combustion engines. Small items of metal hardware in the nature of plasma
torches, treatment chambers, and controls, parts and
accessories thereof, for use in processing materials and
compounds, namely, metals, metal alloys, by means of high
temperature plasma process; metals in powder form; alloys of
common metals in powder form. Gasifiers; apparatus for generating electricity and heat
from waste and biomass; machinery namely waste and biomass
to electricity converters electricity, heat and steam
produced from the conversion of waste, chemical feed stock,
slag, and gas, namely, carbon monoxide and hydrogen; plasma
machines for the vitrification of asbestos containing waste;
plasma machines for the conversion of spent pot lining and
waste from the aluminum industry into syngas used as fuel
and products such as fluoric acid and aluminum fluoride. Thermal plasma torches and ancillary systems such as gas
control system, ignition system, cooling system, PLC
controller and power supply; plasma incinerators for the
destruction of end-of-life refrigerant, including plasma
reactor, feed system and off-gas cleaning system; plasma
incinerators for the destruction of chemical warfare agents,
including plasma reactor, feed system and off-gas cleaning
system; plasma incinerators for the destruction of shipboard
waste, including plasma reactor, feed system and off-gas
cleaning system; rotary tilting furnaces for the recovery of
metal from dross, such as aluminum and zinc dross; plasma
electric torches; waste treatment to energy plant; heating
apparatus for production of methane, hydrogen, carbon
dioxide and liquid fuels; rotary furnaces, fired by a
thermal plasma torch, for the treatment of PFAS containing
wastewater treatment sludge; thermal plasma reactor and
process for the pyrolysis of methane and hydrocarbons to
produce hydrogen and solid carbon forms; thermal plasma
process for the dry reforming of methane with recycled of
co2 to produce syngas; thermal plasma systems for the
spheroidization of metallic and ceramic powders; gas
generation plants. Services for the recovery of metal from aluminum and zinc
dross; processing of metal. Energy production; production of electricity from waste and
biomass; transformation of waste namely, waste treatment,
waste incineration, fuel preparation, fuel-to-gas
conversion, synthesis gas treatment; waste processing
services namely converting of waste into electricity; custom
manufacturing of gasification systems for waste disposal and
conversion systems, resource management, electricity
generation, steam and heat production, and chemical
feedstock production; disposal and conversion of
carbonaceous material such as waste and coal into various
products such as steam, chemical feed stock, heat,
electricity, slag, and gas, including carbon monoxide and
hydrogen, and delivery of the products for sale or for use;
valuation realization services for providing operational and
capital costs for waste disposal services. Engineering and techno-economic studies for the treatment of
waste by plasma.
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
01 - Produits chimiques destinés à l'industrie, aux sciences ainsi qu'à l'agriculture
04 - Huiles et graisses industrielles; lubrifiants; combustibles
06 - Métaux communs et minerais; objets en métal
07 - Machines et machines-outils
11 - Appareils de contrôle de l'environnement
37 - Services de construction; extraction minière; installation et réparation
Produits et services
Energy production; production of electricity from waste and biomass; transformation of waste, namely, waste treatment, waste incineration, fuel preparation in the nature of fuel processing and fuel treatment services, fuel-to-gas conversion in the nature of refinement of fuel materials, synthesis gas treatment; waste processing services, namely, converting of waste into electricity; custom manufacturing of gasification systems for waste disposal and conversion, resource management, electricity generation, steam and heat production, and chemical feedstock production; disposal and conversion of carbonaceous material, namely, waste and coal into various products, namely, steam, chemical feed stock, heat, electricity, slag, and carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas, and delivery of the products for sale or for use Metal oxide and ceramic nanopowders and micrometric size powders for use in manufacturing, in industry and science; metal oxide spherical powders for use in manufacturing, in industry and science; plasma treated metal oxide powders for use in manufacturing, in industry and science Synthetic fuel gas produced from the conversion of waste and biomass; fuel gas; fuel for use in burners for the production of heat and to fuel internal combustion engines Common metals in powder form used in manufacturing; alloys of common metals in powder form used in manufacturing Gasifiers; apparatus for generating electricity and heat from waste and biomass, namely, plasma treatment systems comprised of a high frequency, high voltage generator, controls, and treatment chamber and structural parts therefor; machinery, namely, waste and biomass to electricity converters in the nature of generators which produce electricity produced from the conversion of waste, chemical feed stock, slag, and gas, namely, carbon monoxide and hydrogen; plasma machines for the vitrification of asbestos containing waste; plasma machines for the conversion of spent pot lining and waste from the aluminum industry into synthetic gas used as fuel and other products, namely, fluoric acid and aluminum fluoride Plasma incinerators for the destruction of end-of-life refrigerant, comprised of a plasma reactor, feed module and off-gas cleaning machine; plasma incinerators for the destruction of chemical warfare agents, comprised of a plasma reactor, feed module and off-gas cleaning machine; plasma incinerators for the destruction of shipboard waste, comprised of a plasma reactor, feed module and off-gas cleaning machine; rotary tilting furnaces for the recovery of metal from dross, namely, aluminum and zinc dross; waste treatment to energy plant; heating apparatus for production of methane, hydrogen, carbon dioxide and liquid fuels; rotary furnaces, fired by a thermal plasma torch, for the treatment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) containing wastewater treatment sludge; hydrogen generators in the nature of thermal plasma reactors based on thermal decomposition of methane and hydrocarbons; thermal plasma systems for the dry reforming of methane to produce synthetic gas, comprised of a plasma reactor, feed module and off-gas cleaning machine; thermal plasma systems for the spheroidization of metallic and ceramic powders, comprised of a plasma reactor, feed module and off-gas cleaning machine; synthetic gas generation plants Services for the recovery of metal from aluminum and zinc dross, namely, installation, maintenance and repair of machines for reclaiming metal from dross during processing; processing of metal, namely, metal alloy coating services
12.
NON-WATER COOLED CONSUMABLE ELECTRODE VACUUM ARC FURNACE FOR CONTINUOUS PROCESS
A consumable electrode vacuum arc furnace and, more particularly, a direct current consumable electrode vacuum arc furnace is provided, wherein no water cooling is needed to cool down typically neither the electrodes, nor any other parts of the furnace, and this includes the shell, the flanges ports and the electrical connections of the furnace. The present furnace uses non-metallic electrodes, such as graphite electrode, which are suitable for melting metals, smelting of metal ores, and metal oxide to elemental metal where the use of graphite electrodes is a common practice. The present furnace and electrode assemblies render possible to perform a true continuous process of melting and smelting under controlled pressure.
F27B 3/08 - Fours à sole, p.ex. fours à réverbération; Fours à arc électrique à chauffage électrique, p.ex. fours à arc électrique, avec ou sans une autre source de chaleur
H05B 3/04 - Joints étanches à l'eau ou à l'air pour appareils de chauffage
F27B 3/10 - Fours à sole, p.ex. fours à réverbération; Fours à arc électrique - Parties constitutives, accessoires ou équipement, p.ex. collecteurs de poussière, particuliers aux fours à sole
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
Produits et services
Enclosed flame flares; dry type gas desulfurization systems;
iron chelate based gas desulfurization systems; regenerative
non methane organic compounds and siloxanes removal systems
based on thermal swing adsorption process; non regenerative
non methane organic compounds and siloxanes removal systems
based on lead/lag process; carbon dioxide removal system
based on vacuum pressure swing adsorption process; carbon
dioxide removal system based on hollow fiber membrane gas
separation process; oxygen depletion system based on deoxo
process; nitrogen rejection units (NRU) based on vacuum
pressure swing adsorption process; oxygen and nitrogen
rejection units (ONRU) based on vacuum pressure swing
adsorption process; biogas purification plants to produce
RNG landfill gas purification plants to produce RNG; coke
oven gas purification plants to produce hydrogen; pyrolysis
gas purification systems to produce hydrogen and or methane;
hydrogen purification systems based on pressure swing
adsorption process; thermal oxidizers; regenerative thermal
oxidizers; catalytic thermal oxidizers. Engineering services in the domains of biogas treatment and
valorisation, coke oven gas purification and valorization,
pyrolysis gas purification.
14.
PRODUCTION OF SYNGAS USING RECYCLED CO2 VIA COMBINED DRY AND STEAM REFORMING OF METHANE
A process wherein CO2, methane, and steam react at high temperatures, for instance approximately 1600° C., to form a synthetic gas or syngas. This syngas can then be used in a methanol production plant. The carbon dioxide used to produce the syngas may also comprise recovered emissions from the production of methanol or urea, such that CO2 is recycled. The rich syngas is produced by the bi-reforming of methane, featuring a combination of dry reforming of methane and steam reforming of methane, via the reaction CO2+3CH4+2H2O→4CO+8H2, such that the H2:CO ratio is 2. A plasma reactor may be provided for the reaction. Excess heat from the syngas may be used for heating the water that is used as steam for the reaction.
C01B 3/34 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par réaction de composés organiques gazeux ou liquides avec des agents gazéifiants, p.ex. de l'eau, du gaz carbonique, de l'air par réaction d'hydrocarbures avec des agents gazéifiants
C07C 29/151 - Préparation de composés comportant des groupes hydroxyle ou O-métal liés à un atome de carbone ne faisant pas partie d'un cycle aromatique à six chaînons par réduction exclusivement des oxydes de carbone avec de l'hydrogène ou des gaz contenant de l'hydrogène
15.
HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM HYDROCARBONS BY PLASMA PYROLYSIS
A method for producing hydrogen and carbon powder from the plasma pyrolysis of hydrocarbons is disclosed and includes a DC n on-transferred electric arc plasma torch, a hot-wall reactor, for example lined with refractory or a graphite (slippery material), and a cyclone. The cyclone is adapted to recover heavier carbon particles and allow part of the hydrogen, unconverted hydrocarbon and lighter carbon particles to be recycled to the reactor to improve the overall yield of hydrogen. The prolonged contact with the plasma plume provides a typically complete conversion to hydrogen and carbon powder due to the hot walls of the reactor. The carbon powder leaving the plasma plume solidifies into a graphite- like powder in the reactor. A turbulence inside the reactor is adapted to prevent the buildup of soot on a reactor surface via the recycling of hydrogen, hydrocarbon gas or carbon powder or a mix of thereof to the reactor.
C01B 3/24 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par décomposition de composés organiques gazeux ou liquides d'hydrocarbures
01 - Produits chimiques destinés à l'industrie, aux sciences ainsi qu'à l'agriculture
04 - Huiles et graisses industrielles; lubrifiants; combustibles
06 - Métaux communs et minerais; objets en métal
07 - Machines et machines-outils
09 - Appareils et instruments scientifiques et électriques
11 - Appareils de contrôle de l'environnement
37 - Services de construction; extraction minière; installation et réparation
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
Produits et services
(1) Metallic and ceramic nanopowders and micrometric size powders for use in manufacturing, in industry and science; metallic spherical powders for use in manufacturing, in industry and science; plasma treated metallic powders for use in manufacturing, in industry and science.
(2) Synthetic gas produced from the conversion of waste and biomass; fuel gas; fuel for use in burners for the production of heat and to fuel internal combustion engines
(3) Apparatus in the nature of plasma torches, treatment chambers, and controls, parts and accessories thereof, for use in processing materials and compounds, namely, metals, metal alloys, by means of high temperature plasma process; Metals in powder form; alloys of common metals in powder form
(4) Gasifiers; apparatus for generating electricity and heat from waste and biomass; machinery namely waste and biomass to electricity converters. Electricity, heat and steam produced from the conversion of waste, chemical feed stock, slag, and gas, namely, carbon monoxide and hydrogen; Plasma systems for the vitrification of asbestos containing waste; Plasma systems for the conversion of spent pot lining and waste from the aluminum industry into syngas used as fuel and products such as fluoric acid and aluminum fluoride
(5) Thermal plasma torches and ancillary systems such as gas control system, ignition system, cooling system, PLC controller and power supply; Plasma incinerators for the destruction of end-of-life refrigerant, including plasma reactor, feed system and off-gas cleaning system; Plasma incinerators for the destruction of chemical warfare agents, including plasma reactor, feed system and off-gas cleaning system; Plasma incinerators for the destruction of shipboard waste, including plasma reactor, feed system and off-gas cleaning system; Rotary tilting furnaces for the recovery of metal from dross, such as aluminum and zinc dross; plasma torches; waste to energy plant; Systems for production of methane, hydrogen, carbon dioxide and liquid fuels; Rotary furnaces, fired by a thermal plasma torch, for the treatment of PFAS containing wastewater treatment sludge; Thermal plasma reactor and process for the pyrolysis of methane and hydrocarbons to produce hydrogen and solid carbon forms; Thermal plasma process for the dry reforming of methane with recycled of CO2 to produce syngas; Thermal plasma systems for the spheroidization of metallic and ceramic powders; Gasification plants (1) Services for the recovery of metal from aluminum and zinc dross; Atomization of metal; Spheroidization of metal powder
(2) Energy production: production of electricity from waste and biomass; Transformation of waste namely, waste treatment, waste incineration, fuel preparation, fuel-to-gas conversion, synthesis gas treatment; Waste processing services namely converting of waste into electricity; Design and construction of gasification systems for waste disposal and conversion systems, resource management, electricity generation, steam and heat production, and chemical feedstock production; disposal and conversion of carbonaceous material such as waste and coal into various products such as steam, chemical feed stock, heat, electricity, slag, and gas, including carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and delivery of the products for sale or for use; valuation realization services for waste disposal and conversion
(3) Engineering and techno-economic studies for the treatment of waste by plasma
17.
HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM HYDROCARBONS BY PLASMA PYROLYSIS
A method for producing hydrogen and carbon powder from the plasma pyrolysis of hydrocarbons is disclosed and includes a DC n on-transferred electric arc plasma torch, a hot-wall reactor, for example lined with refractory or a graphite (slippery material), and a cyclone. The cyclone is adapted to recover heavier carbon particles and allow part of the hydrogen, unconverted hydrocarbon and lighter carbon particles to be recycled to the reactor to improve the overall yield of hydrogen. The prolonged contact with the plasma plume provides a typically complete conversion to hydrogen and carbon powder due to the hot walls of the reactor. The carbon powder leaving the plasma plume solidifies into a graphite- like powder in the reactor. A turbulence inside the reactor is adapted to prevent the buildup of soot on a reactor surface via the recycling of hydrogen, hydrocarbon gas or carbon powder or a mix of thereof to the reactor.
C01B 3/24 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par décomposition de composés organiques gazeux ou liquides d'hydrocarbures
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
Produits et services
Enclosed flame flares being gas flares; dry type gas desulfurization systems comprised of gas injectors for disbursing solids for purification and sterilization purposes, gas purification apparatus and installations, installations for the burning off of gases, and gas scrubbing installations; iron chelate based gas desulfurization systems comprised of gas injectors for disbursing solids for purification and sterilization purposes, gas purification apparatus and installations, installations for the burning off of gases, and gas scrubbing installations; regenerative non methane organic compounds and siloxanes removal systems comprised of thermal and catalytic oxidizers for industrial air pollution control of volatile organic compounds and airborne toxins, based on thermal swing adsorption process; non regenerative non methane organic compounds and siloxanes removal systems comprised of dryers used for the removal of solid, liquid and vapor contaminants from compressed air and gases, gas purification apparatus and installations, and thermal and catalytic oxidizers for industrial air pollution control of volatile organic compounds and airborne toxins based on lead-lag process; carbon dioxide removal system comprised of dryers used for the removal of solid, liquid and vapor contaminants from compressed air and gases, gas purification apparatus and installations, and thermal and catalytic oxidizers for industrial air pollution control of volatile organic compounds and airborne toxins based on vacuum pressure swing adsorption process; carbon dioxide removal system comprised of dryers used for the removal of solid, liquid and vapor contaminants from compressed air and gases, gas purification apparatus and installations, and thermal and catalytic oxidizers for industrial air pollution control of volatile organic compounds and airborne toxins based on hollow fiber membrane gas separation process; oxygen depletion system comprised of gas injectors for disbursing solids for purification and sterilization purposes, gas purification apparatus and installations, installations for the burning off of gases, and gas scrubbing installations based on oxygen depletion processes; nitrogen rejection units based on vacuum pressure swing adsorption process being gas scrubbers for removing nitrogen from natural gas; oxygen and nitrogen rejection units based on vacuum pressure swing adsorption process being gas scrubbers for removing nitrogen and oxygen from natural gas; biogas purification plants to produce renewable natural gas and landfill gas purification plants to produce renewable natural gas being gas purification and electrochemical gas generating machines; coke oven gas purification plants to produce hydrogen being machines that purify gas and generate hydrogen using the adsorption process; pyrolysis gas purification systems to produce hydrogen and methane being gas purification and electrochemical gas generating machines; hydrogen purification systems comprised of gas injectors for disbursing solids for purification and sterilization purposes, gas purification apparatus and installations, installations for the burning off of gases, and gas scrubbing installations based on pressure swing adsorption process; thermal oxidizers for industrial air pollution control; regenerative thermal oxidizers for industrial air pollution control; catalytic thermal oxidizers for industrial air pollution control Engineering services in the fields of biogas treatment and valorisation, coke oven gas purification and valorization, pyrolysis gas purification
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
Produits et services
(1) Thermal oxydizers; Regenerative Thermal oxydizers; Catalytic Thermal Oxydizers.
(2) Enclosed flame flares; Dry type gas desulfurization systems; Iron chelate based gas desulfurization systems; Regenerative Non Methane Organic Compounds and Siloxanes removal systems based on thermal swing adsorption process; Non regenerative Non Methane Organic Compounds and Siloxanes removal systems based on lead/lag process; Carbon dioxide removal system based on vacuum pressure swing adsorption process; Carbon dioxide removal system based on hollow fiber membrane gas separation process; Oxygen depletion system based on DeOxo process; Nitrogen rejection units (NRU) based on vacuum pressure swing adsorption process; Oxygen and nitrogen rejection units (ONRU) based on vacuum pressure swing adsorption process; Biogas purification plants to produce RNG. Landfill gas purification plants to produce RNG; Coke oven gas purification plants to produce hydrogen; Pyrolysis gas purification systems to produce hydrogen and or methane; Hydrogen purification systems based on pressure swing adsorption process. (1) Engineering services in the domains of Biogas treatment and valorisation, Coke Oven Gas Purification and Valorization, Pyrolysis Gas Purification.
20.
PLASMA PROCESS TO CONVERT SPENT POT LINING (SPL) TO INERT SLAG, ALUMINUM FLUORIDE AND ENERGY
Apparatus for converting Spent Pot Lining (SPL) into inert slag, aluminum fluoride and energy includes a plasma arc furnace such that the destruction of SPL occurs therein. The furnace generates an electric arc within the waste, which arc travels from an anode to a cathode and destroys the waste due to the arc's extreme temperature, thereby converting a mineral fraction of SPL into vitrified inert slag lying within a crucible of the furnace. The furnace gasifies the carbon content of the SPL and produces a well-balanced syngas. The gasification takes place due to the controlled intake of air and steam into the furnace. The gasification reaction liberates a significant amount of energy. Steam captures this excess energy, to provide part of the oxygen requirement for gasification and to contribute to raise the syngas H2 content. Steam also contributes to converting some SPL fluorides (NaF and Al2F3) into hydrogen fluoride. The plasma SPL processing system is compact (occupying less area than some competitive methods of SPL treatment), can be installed in close proximity to the aluminium plant (minimizing transportation of SPL and AlF3), and requires only electricity as its energy source and thus no fossil fuels.
C01B 3/32 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par réaction de composés organiques gazeux ou liquides avec des agents gazéifiants, p.ex. de l'eau, du gaz carbonique, de l'air
C22B 7/00 - Mise en œuvre de matériaux autres que des minerais, p.ex. des rognures, pour produire des métaux non ferreux ou leurs composés
F27B 3/08 - Fours à sole, p.ex. fours à réverbération; Fours à arc électrique à chauffage électrique, p.ex. fours à arc électrique, avec ou sans une autre source de chaleur
F27D 15/00 - Manutention ou traitement du matériau déchargé; Supports ou chambres pour son entreposage
F27D 17/00 - Dispositions pour l'utilisation des chaleurs perdues; Dispositions pour l'utilisation ou pour l'élimination des gaz usés
Apparatus for converting Spent Pot Lining (SPL) into inert slag, aluminum fluoride and energy includes a plasma arc furnace such that the destruction of SPL occurs therein. The furnace generates an electric arc within the waste, which arc travels from an anode to a cathode and destroys the waste due to the arc's extreme temperature, thereby converting a mineral fraction of SPL into vitrified inert slag lying within a crucible of the furnace. The furnace gasifies the carbon content of the SPL and produces a well-balanced syngas. The gasification takes place due to the controlled intake of air and steam into the furnace. The gasification reaction liberates a significant amount of energy. Steam captures this excess energy, to provide part of the oxygen requirement for gasification and to contribute to raise the syngas H2 content. Steam also contributes to converting some SPL fluorides (NaF and Al2F3) into hydrogen fluoride. The plasma SPL processing system is compact (occupying less area than some competitive methods of SPL treatment), can be installed in close proximity to the aluminium plant (minimizing transportation of SPL and AlF3), and requires only electricity as its energy source and thus no fossil fuels.
B09B 3/00 - Destruction de déchets solides ou transformation de déchets solides en quelque chose d'utile ou d'inoffensif
C01B 3/32 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par réaction de composés organiques gazeux ou liquides avec des agents gazéifiants, p.ex. de l'eau, du gaz carbonique, de l'air
C22B 7/00 - Mise en œuvre de matériaux autres que des minerais, p.ex. des rognures, pour produire des métaux non ferreux ou leurs composés
F27B 3/08 - Fours à sole, p.ex. fours à réverbération; Fours à arc électrique à chauffage électrique, p.ex. fours à arc électrique, avec ou sans une autre source de chaleur
F27D 15/00 - Manutention ou traitement du matériau déchargé; Supports ou chambres pour son entreposage
F27D 17/00 - Dispositions pour l'utilisation des chaleurs perdues; Dispositions pour l'utilisation ou pour l'élimination des gaz usés
01 - Produits chimiques destinés à l'industrie, aux sciences ainsi qu'à l'agriculture
11 - Appareils de contrôle de l'environnement
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
Produits et services
(1) Thermal oxydizers; Regenerative Thermal oxydizers; Catalytic Thermal Oxydizers
(2) Gas desulphurization systems, Non Methane Organic Compounds and Siloxanes removal systems namely for Biogas siloxanes and non-methane hydrocarbons capture, Gas dehydration and dehumudifications systems, Methane and Carbon Dioxide separation and rejections systems, Oxygen depletion systems, Hydrogen purification systems, Natural gas purification systems, Nitrogen Rejection units, Coke Oven Gas purification systems, Pyrolysis Gas purification systems, Hydrogen from Coke Oven Gas extraction systems namely, blowers, coolers, heaters, combustion chambers, regenerators, towers, compressors, condensers, separators, drains, chillers, vacuum pumps, pressure regulators, accumulators; Biogas enclosed flame flares, landfill gas flares, flame gas flares, particularly for biogas incineration (1) Engineering services in the domains of Biogas treatment and valorisation, Coke Oven Gas Purification and Valorization, Pyrolysis Gas Purification
23.
Method and apparatus for producing high purity spherical metallic powders at high production rates from one or two wires
The present application relates to a plasma atomization process and apparatus for producing metallic powders from at least one wire/rod feedstock. In the process, an electric arc is applied to the at least one wire/rod feedstock to melt the same. A plasma torch is employed to generate a supersonic plasma stream at an apex at which the electric arc is transferred to the at least one wire/rod feedstock to atomize the molten wire/rod feedstock into particles. A downstream cooling chamber solidifies the particles into the metallic powders. An anti-satellite diffuser is employed to prevent recirculation of the powders in order to avoid satellite formation. In an apparatus where two wires are fed, one wire serves as an anode, and the other as a cathode.
B22F 9/14 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensions; Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par des procédés physiques en utilisant des décharges électriques
B22F 9/08 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensions; Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par des procédés physiques à partir d'un matériau liquide par coulée, p.ex. à travers de petits orifices ou dans l'eau, par atomisation ou pulvérisation
An apparatus for producing metallic powders from molten feedstock includes a heating source for melting a solid feedstock into a molten feed, and a crucible for containing the molten feed. A liquid feed tube is also provided to feed the molten feed as a molten stream. A plasma source delivers a plasma stream, with the plasma stream being adapted to be accelerated to a supersonic N velocity and being adapted : to then impact the molten stream for producing metallic powders. The feed tube extends from the crucible to a location where a supersonic plasma plume atomizes the molten stream. The plasma source includes at least two plasma torches provided with at least one supersonic nozzle aimed towards the molten stream. The multiple plasma torches are disposed symmetrically about the location where the supersonic plasma plumes atomize the molten stream, such as in a ring-shaped configuration.
B22F 9/14 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensions; Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par des procédés physiques en utilisant des décharges électriques
B22F 9/08 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensions; Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par des procédés physiques à partir d'un matériau liquide par coulée, p.ex. à travers de petits orifices ou dans l'eau, par atomisation ou pulvérisation
H05H 1/42 - Torches à plasma utilisant un arc avec des dispositions pour l'introduction des matériaux dans le plasma, p.ex. de la poudre, du liquide
e.ge.g. a DC transferred arc, for melting and vaporizing silicon provided in the reactor. A quenching system is provided for delivering a gas for quenching, in the reactor, the so-produced silicon vapour so as to form nano particles and/or nano wires. The reactor is under vacuum. The gas can be injected by a vortex and/or via the electrode that is hollow. The electrode is consumable and vertically movable to control an arc voltage and to compensate for electrode erosion.
A consumable electrode vacuum arc furnace and, more particularly, a direct current consumable electrode vacuum arc furnace is provided, wherein no water cooling is needed to cool down typically neither the electrodes, nor any other parts of the furnace, and this includes the shell, the flanges ports and the electrical connections of the furnace. The present furnace uses non-metallic electrodes, such as graphite electrode, which are suitable for melting metals, smelting of metal ores, and metal oxide to elemental metal where the use of graphite electrodes is a common practice. The present furnace and electrode assemblies render possible to perform a true continuous process of melting and smelting under controlled pressure.
A consumable electrode vacuum arc furnace and, more particularly, a direct current consumable electrode vacuum arc furnace is provided, wherein no water cooling is needed to cool down typically neither the electrodes, nor any other parts of the furnace, and this includes the shell, the flanges ports and the electrical connections of the furnace. The present furnace uses non-metallic electrodes, such as graphite electrode, which are suitable for melting metals, smelting of metal ores, and metal oxide to elemental metal where the use of graphite electrodes is a common practice. The present furnace and electrode assemblies render possible to perform a true continuous process of melting and smelting under controlled pressure.
F27B 14/08 - Fours à creusets; Fours à bassin - Parties constitutives particulières aux fours à creusets ou à bassin
F27B 3/08 - Fours à sole, p.ex. fours à réverbération; Fours à arc électrique à chauffage électrique, p.ex. fours à arc électrique, avec ou sans une autre source de chaleur
F27B 3/10 - Fours à sole, p.ex. fours à réverbération; Fours à arc électrique - Parties constitutives, accessoires ou équipement, p.ex. collecteurs de poussière, particuliers aux fours à sole
28.
PROCESS FOR RECYCLING CO2 IN A METHANOL PRODUCTION PLANT
A process wherein CO2, methane, and steam react at high temperatures, for instance approximately 1600 °C, to form a synthetic gas or syngas. This syngas can then be used in a methanol production plant. The carbon dioxide used to produce the syngas may also comprise recovered emissions from the production of methanol or urea, such that CO2 is recycled. The rich syngas is produced by the bi-reforming of methane, featuring a combination of dry reforming of methane and steam reforming of methane, via the reaction CO2+3CH4+2H2O?4CO+8H2, such that the H2:CO ratio is 2. A plasma reactor may be provided for the reaction. Excess heat from the syngas may be used for heating the water that is used as steam for the reaction.
C01B 3/34 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par réaction de composés organiques gazeux ou liquides avec des agents gazéifiants, p.ex. de l'eau, du gaz carbonique, de l'air par réaction d'hydrocarbures avec des agents gazéifiants
C01B 3/02 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène
C01B 3/32 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par réaction de composés organiques gazeux ou liquides avec des agents gazéifiants, p.ex. de l'eau, du gaz carbonique, de l'air
C07C 29/151 - Préparation de composés comportant des groupes hydroxyle ou O-métal liés à un atome de carbone ne faisant pas partie d'un cycle aromatique à six chaînons par réduction exclusivement des oxydes de carbone avec de l'hydrogène ou des gaz contenant de l'hydrogène
C10L 3/00 - Combustibles gazeux; Gaz naturel; Gaz naturel de synthèse obtenu par des procédés non prévus dans les sous-classes , ; Gaz de pétrole liquéfié
22242222:CO ratio is 2. A plasma reactor may be provided for the reaction. Excess heat from the syngas may be used for heating the water that is used as steam for the reaction.
C01B 3/34 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par réaction de composés organiques gazeux ou liquides avec des agents gazéifiants, p.ex. de l'eau, du gaz carbonique, de l'air par réaction d'hydrocarbures avec des agents gazéifiants
C01B 3/02 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène
C01B 3/32 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par réaction de composés organiques gazeux ou liquides avec des agents gazéifiants, p.ex. de l'eau, du gaz carbonique, de l'air
C07C 29/151 - Préparation de composés comportant des groupes hydroxyle ou O-métal liés à un atome de carbone ne faisant pas partie d'un cycle aromatique à six chaînons par réduction exclusivement des oxydes de carbone avec de l'hydrogène ou des gaz contenant de l'hydrogène
C10L 3/00 - Combustibles gazeux; Gaz naturel; Gaz naturel de synthèse obtenu par des procédés non prévus dans les sous-classes , ; Gaz de pétrole liquéfié
30.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING HIGH PURITY SPHERICAL METALLIC POWDERS AT HIGH PRODUCTION RATES FROM ONE OR TWO WIRES
The present application relates to a plasma atomization process and apparatus for producing metallic powders from at least one wire/rod feedstock. In the process, an electrical arc is applied between the at least one wire/rod feedstock, and a plasma torch is employed to generate a supersonic plasma stream at an apex at which the electric arc is transferred to the at least one wire/rod to melt and atomize the at least one wire/rod feedstock to produce the metallic powders. An anti-satellite diffuser is employed to prevent recirculation of the powders in order to avoid satellite formation.
B22F 9/14 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensions; Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par des procédés physiques en utilisant des décharges électriques
The present application relates to a plasma atomization process and apparatus for producing metallic powders from at least one wire/rod feedstock. In the process, an electrical arc is applied between the at least one wire/rod feedstock, and a plasma torch is employed to generate a supersonic plasma stream at an apex at which the electric arc is transferred to the at least one wire/rod to melt and atomize the at least one wire/rod feedstock to produce the metallic powders. An anti-satellite diffuser is employed to prevent recirculation of the powders in order to avoid satellite formation.
B22F 9/14 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensions; Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par des procédés physiques en utilisant des décharges électriques
A high power DC steam plasma torch system (S) includes a steam plasma torch assembly (1) wherein superheated steam (46) is used as the main plasma forming gas, thereby resulting in a very reactive steam plasma plume. The superheated steam (46) is injected internally directly into the plasma plume via a ceramic lined steam feed tube (25) for reducing condensation of steam before reaching the plasma plume. The superheated steam (46) flows through a gas vortex (16) which has tangentially drilled holes thereby resulting in a high speed gas swirl that minimizes electrode erosion. In the present steam plasma torch system (S), the plasma torch assembly (1) is ignited using an ignition contactor which is housed external to the plasma torch assembly (1). The superheated steam (46) is injected into the plasma plume using a water cooled steam vortex generator assembly (15).
An apparatus for producing metallic powders from molten feedstock includes a heating source for melting a solid feedstock into a molten feed, and a crucible for containing the molten feed. A liquid feed tube is also provided to feed the molten feed as a molten stream. A plasma source delivers a plasma stream, with the plasma stream being adapted to be accelerated to a supersonic velocity and being adapted : to then impact the molten stream for producing metallic powders. The feed tube extends from the crucible to a location where a supersonic plasma plume atomizes the molten stream. The plasma source includes at least two plasma torches provided with at least one supersonic nozzle aimed towards the molten stream. The multiple plasma torches are disposed symmetrically about the location where the supersonic plasma plumes atomize the molten stream, such as in a ring-shaped configuration.
B22F 9/14 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensions; Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par des procédés physiques en utilisant des décharges électriques
B22F 9/18 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensions; Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par un procédé chimique avec réduction de mélanges métalliques
34.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HIGH PURITY SPHERICAL METALLIC POWDERS FROM A MOLTEN FEEDSTOCK
An apparatus for producing metallic powders from molten feedstock includes a heating source for melting a solid feedstock into a molten feed, and a crucible for containing the molten feed. A liquid feed tube is also provided to feed the molten feed as a molten stream. A plasma source delivers a plasma stream, with the plasma stream being adapted to be accelerated to a supersonic velocity and being adapted : to then impact the molten stream for producing metallic powders. The feed tube extends from the crucible to a location where a supersonic plasma plume atomizes the molten stream. The plasma source includes at least two plasma torches provided with at least one supersonic nozzle aimed towards the molten stream. The multiple plasma torches are disposed symmetrically about the location where the supersonic plasma plumes atomize the molten stream, such as in a ring-shaped configuration.
B22F 9/14 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensions; Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par des procédés physiques en utilisant des décharges électriques
B22F 9/18 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensions; Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par un procédé chimique avec réduction de mélanges métalliques
35.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING FINE SPHERICAL POWDERS FROM COARSE AND ANGULAR POWDER FEED MATERIAL
A high temperature process is provided, which can melt, atomize and spheroidize a coarse angular powder into a fine and spherical one. it uses thermal plasma to melt the particle in a heating chamber and a supersonic nozzle to accelerate the stream and break up the particles into finer ones.
A high temperature process is provided, which can melt, atomize and spheroidize a coarse angular powder into a fine and spherical one. it uses thermal plasma to melt the particle in a heating chamber and a supersonic nozzle to accelerate the stream and break up the particles into finer ones.
An apparatus for the gasification and vitrification of waste comprises a p!asma arc furnace provided with two movable graphite electrodes. The furnace includes an air-cooled bottom electrode adapted for transferring the current through a slag melt. The furnace is entirely sealed and is also provided with gas tight electrode seals adapted to control reducing conditions inside the furnace. An electrical circuit is further provided, which is adapted for switching from transferred io non-transferred modes of heating, thereby allowing the furnace to be restarted in case of slag freezing.
An apparatus for the gasification and vitrification of waste comprises a p!asma arc furnace provided with two movable graphite electrodes. The furnace includes an air-cooled bottom electrode adapted for transferring the current through a slag melt. The furnace is entirely sealed and is also provided with gas tight electrode seals adapted to control reducing conditions inside the furnace. An electrical circuit is further provided, which is adapted for switching from transferred io non-transferred modes of heating, thereby allowing the furnace to be restarted in case of slag freezing.
A metal powder plasma atomization process and apparatus comprises at least one plasma torch, a confinement chamber, a nozzle positioned downstream of the confinement chamber and a diffuser positioned downstream of the nozzle. The nozzle accelerates liquid metal particles produced by the at least one plasma torch and also plasma gas to supersonic velocity such that the liquid metal particles are sheared into finer powders. The diffuser provides a Shockwave to the plasma gas to increase temperature of the plasma in order to avoid stalactite formation at an exit of the nozzle. The process increases both production rate of the metal powder and the yield of -45 µm metal powder.
B22F 9/14 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensions; Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par des procédés physiques en utilisant des décharges électriques
40.
METHOD FOR COST-EFFECTIVE PRODUCTION OF ULTRAFINE SPHERICAL POWDERS AT LARGE SCALE USING THRUSTER-ASSISTED PLASMA ATOMIZATION
A metal powder plasma atomization process and apparatus comprises at least one plasma torch, a confinement chamber, a nozzle positioned downstream of the confinement chamber and a diffuser positioned downstream of the nozzle. The nozzle accelerates liquid metal particles produced by the at least one plasma torch and also plasma gas to supersonic velocity such that the liquid metal particles are sheared into finer powders. The diffuser provides a Shockwave to the plasma gas to increase temperature of the plasma in order to avoid stalactite formation at an exit of the nozzle. The process increases both production rate of the metal powder and the yield of -45 μm metal powder.
B22F 9/14 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensions; Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par des procédés physiques en utilisant des décharges électriques
41.
Plasma apparatus for the production of high quality spherical powders at high capacity
An apparatus and a process for the production at high capacity of high purity powders from a wire using a combination of plasma torches and induction heating are disclosed. The process has good productivity by providing a preheating system. A mechanism is included in the apparatus, which allows adjusting the position of the plasma torches and their angle of attack with respect to the wire, permitting to control the particle size distribution.
B22F 9/14 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensions; Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par des procédés physiques en utilisant des décharges électriques
B01J 2/04 - Procédés ou dispositifs pour la granulation de substances, en général; Traitement de matériaux particulaires leur permettant de s'écouler librement, en général, p.ex. en les rendant hydrophobes par division du produit liquide en gouttelettes, p.ex. par pulvérisation, et solidification des gouttelettes en milieu gazeux
B22F 9/08 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensions; Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par des procédés physiques à partir d'un matériau liquide par coulée, p.ex. à travers de petits orifices ou dans l'eau, par atomisation ou pulvérisation
B29B 9/10 - Fabrication de granulés par moulage de matière, c. à d. par traitement en état de fusion
C21D 9/60 - Fours continus pour bandes ou fils métalliques avec chauffage par induction
C21D 9/68 - Fours de bobinage; Appareils bobineurs à chaud
H05H 1/42 - Torches à plasma utilisant un arc avec des dispositions pour l'introduction des matériaux dans le plasma, p.ex. de la poudre, du liquide
B29B 9/12 - Fabrication de granulés caractérisés par la structure ou la composition
42.
Apparatus for steam plasma arc hydrolysis of ozone depleting substances
An apparatus for the destruction of a precursor material includes a steam plasma reactor having a high temperature zone and a combustion zone. The high temperature zone is adapted for hydrolyzing the precursor material, whereas the combustion zone is adapted to effect medium temperature oxidation of the reactant stream where combustion oxygen or air is injected. A quenching unit is provided at an exit end of the reactor for quenching a resulting gas stream to avoid the formation of unwanted by-products.
A62D 3/19 - Procédés pour rendre les substances chimiques nuisibles inoffensives ou moins nuisibles en effectuant un changement chimique dans les substances par exposition à une énergie électrique ou ondulatoire ou à un rayonnement particulaire ou ionisant à un plasma
F23G 7/06 - Procédés ou appareils, p.ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets particuliers ou de combustibles pauvres, p.ex. des produits chimiques de gaz d'évacuation ou de gaz nocifs, p.ex. de gaz d'échappement
F23G 7/04 - Procédés ou appareils, p.ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets particuliers ou de combustibles pauvres, p.ex. des produits chimiques de liqueurs résiduelles, p.ex. de liqueurs au sulfite
B09B 3/00 - Destruction de déchets solides ou transformation de déchets solides en quelque chose d'utile ou d'inoffensif
H05H 1/34 - Torches à plasma utilisant un arc - Détails, p.ex. électrodes, buses
A62D 3/35 - Procédés pour rendre les substances chimiques nuisibles inoffensives ou moins nuisibles en effectuant un changement chimique dans les substances par réaction avec des agents chimiques par hydrolyse
H05H 1/42 - Torches à plasma utilisant un arc avec des dispositions pour l'introduction des matériaux dans le plasma, p.ex. de la poudre, du liquide
A62D 3/38 - Procédés pour rendre les substances chimiques nuisibles inoffensives ou moins nuisibles en effectuant un changement chimique dans les substances par réaction avec des agents chimiques par combustion
B01J 19/08 - Procédés utilisant l'application directe de l'énergie ondulatoire ou électrique, ou un rayonnement particulaire; Appareils à cet usage
B01J 19/02 - Appareils caractérisés par le fait qu'ils sont construits avec des matériaux choisis pour leurs propriétés de résistance aux agents chimiques
A62D 101/22 - Substances organiques contenant un halogène
A62D 101/28 - Substances organiques contenant de l'oxygène, du soufre, du sélénium ou du tellure, c. à d. chalcogène
An apparatus and a process for the production of high purity silicon from silica containing material such as quartz or quartzite, using a vacuum electric arc furnace, are disclosed.
C01B 33/025 - Préparation par réduction de silice ou d'un matériau contenant de la silice avec du carbone ou un matériau carboné solide, c. à d. procédé carbothermique
C01B 33/023 - Préparation par réduction de silice ou d'un matériau contenant de la silice
F27B 3/08 - Fours à sole, p.ex. fours à réverbération; Fours à arc électrique à chauffage électrique, p.ex. fours à arc électrique, avec ou sans une autre source de chaleur
An apparatus and a process for the production at high capacity of high purity powders from a large diameter wire or rod using a combination of plasma torches and induction heating are disclosed. The process provides a superior productivity, by incorporating a more effective inductive preheating system. A mechanism is also included in the apparatus, which allows adjusting the position of the plasma torches and their angle of attack with respect to the wire, which has a direct effect on the mechanical and thermal energy transfer from the plasma plume to the wire, allowing a fine control over the particle size distribution as well as the production capacity. Furthermore, varying the induction frequency allows for the optimization of the temperature profile inside the wire, which can be directly correlated to the resulting mean particle size.
B22F 9/14 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensions; Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par des procédés physiques en utilisant des décharges électriques
B01J 2/04 - Procédés ou dispositifs pour la granulation de substances, en général; Traitement de matériaux particulaires leur permettant de s'écouler librement, en général, p.ex. en les rendant hydrophobes par division du produit liquide en gouttelettes, p.ex. par pulvérisation, et solidification des gouttelettes en milieu gazeux
45.
PLASMA APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HIGH QUALITY SPHERICAL POWDERS AT HIGH CAPACITY
An apparatus and a process for the production at high capacity of high purity powders from a large diameter wire or rod using a combination of plasma torches and induction heating are disclosed. The process provides a superior productivity, by incorporating a more effective inductive preheating system. A mechanism is also included in the apparatus, which allows adjusting the position of the plasma torches and their angle of attack with respect to the wire, which has a direct effect on the mechanical and thermal energy transfer from the plasma plume to the wire, allowing a fine control over the particle size distribution as well as the production capacity. Furthermore, varying the induction frequency allows for the optimization of the temperature profile inside the wire, which can be directly correlated to the resulting mean particle size.
B22F 9/14 - Fabrication des poudres métalliques ou de leurs suspensions; Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à cet effet par des procédés physiques en utilisant des décharges électriques
B01J 2/04 - Procédés ou dispositifs pour la granulation de substances, en général; Traitement de matériaux particulaires leur permettant de s'écouler librement, en général, p.ex. en les rendant hydrophobes par division du produit liquide en gouttelettes, p.ex. par pulvérisation, et solidification des gouttelettes en milieu gazeux
A system for generating high pressure steam from dirty water uses a combination of sub-merged plasma arcs and electrical resistive heating. Dirty water from steam assisted gravity drainage, or other dirty water producing process, which needs to be converted into high pressure steam, is fed directly without any pre-treatment, into a plasma fired steam generator, powered by submerged electrodes. The combination of electric arc plasma and resistive heating is created between the submerged electrodes. The heat so generated will boil the water portion of the dirty water feed to generate steam that is collected in a steam space and then removed there from. The solids and other residues (residual sludge) present in the feed water settle down at the bottom of the steam generator and are removed via a blow-down stream. The plasma arcs are used to intermittently remove any scaling or solid deposits that can accumulate on the electrodes.
A high power DC steam plasma torch system (S) includes a steam plasma torch assembly (1) wherein superheated steam (46) is used as the main plasma forming gas, thereby resulting in a very reactive steam plasma plume. The superheated steam (46) is injected internally directly into the plasma plume via a ceramic lined steam feed tube (25) for reducing condensation of steam before reaching the plasma plume. The superheated steam (46) flows through a gas vortex (16) which has tangentially drilled holes thereby resulting in a high speed gas swirl that minimizes electrode erosion. In the present steam plasma torch system (S), the plasma torch assembly (1) is ignited using an ignition contactor which is housed external to the plasma torch assembly (1). The superheated steam (46) is injected into the plasma plume using a water cooled steam vortex generator assembly (15).
A two step process for the destruction of a precursor material using a steam plasma in a three zone reactor wherein the precursor material is hydrolyzed as a first step in the high temperature zone of the reactor, followed by a second step of medium temperature oxidation of the reactant stream in the combustion zone of the reactor where combustion oxygen or air is injected and immediate quenching of the resulting gas stream to avoid the formation of unwanted by-products. A related apparatus includes a non transferred direct current steam plasma torch, an externally cooled three zone steam plasma reactor means for introducing the precursor material into the plasma plume of the plasma torch, means for introducing the combustion air or oxygen into the combustion zone, means for exiting the reactant mixture from the reactor and means for quenching the reactant mixture located at the exit end of the reactor.
A62D 3/19 - Procédés pour rendre les substances chimiques nuisibles inoffensives ou moins nuisibles en effectuant un changement chimique dans les substances par exposition à une énergie électrique ou ondulatoire ou à un rayonnement particulaire ou ionisant à un plasma
F23G 7/06 - Procédés ou appareils, p.ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets particuliers ou de combustibles pauvres, p.ex. des produits chimiques de gaz d'évacuation ou de gaz nocifs, p.ex. de gaz d'échappement
F23G 7/04 - Procédés ou appareils, p.ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets particuliers ou de combustibles pauvres, p.ex. des produits chimiques de liqueurs résiduelles, p.ex. de liqueurs au sulfite
B09B 3/00 - Destruction de déchets solides ou transformation de déchets solides en quelque chose d'utile ou d'inoffensif
A62D 3/35 - Procédés pour rendre les substances chimiques nuisibles inoffensives ou moins nuisibles en effectuant un changement chimique dans les substances par réaction avec des agents chimiques par hydrolyse
H05H 1/42 - Torches à plasma utilisant un arc avec des dispositions pour l'introduction des matériaux dans le plasma, p.ex. de la poudre, du liquide
A62D 3/38 - Procédés pour rendre les substances chimiques nuisibles inoffensives ou moins nuisibles en effectuant un changement chimique dans les substances par réaction avec des agents chimiques par combustion
B01J 19/08 - Procédés utilisant l'application directe de l'énergie ondulatoire ou électrique, ou un rayonnement particulaire; Appareils à cet usage
B01J 19/02 - Appareils caractérisés par le fait qu'ils sont construits avec des matériaux choisis pour leurs propriétés de résistance aux agents chimiques
A62D 101/22 - Substances organiques contenant un halogène
A62D 101/28 - Substances organiques contenant de l'oxygène, du soufre, du sélénium ou du tellure, c. à d. chalcogène
An apparatus is disclosed wherein an electric arc is employed to heat an injected gas to a very high temperature. The apparatus comprises four internal components: a button cathode and three cylindrical co-axial components, a first short pilot insert, a second long insert and an anode. Vortex generators are located between these components for generating a vortex flow in the gas injected in the apparatus and which is to be heated at very high temperature by the electric arc struck between the anode and cathode. Cooling is provided to prevent melting of three of the internal components, i.e. the cathode, the anode and the pilot insert. However, to limit the heat loss to the cooling fluid, the long insert is made of an insulating material. In this way, more electrical energy is transferred to the gas.
An apparatus is disclosed wherein an electric arc is employed to heat an injected gas to a very high temperature. The apparatus comprises four internal components: a button cathode and three cylindrical co-axial components, a first short pilot insert, a second long insert and an anode. Vortex generators are located between these components for generating a vortex flow in the gas injected in the apparatus and which is to be heated at very high temperature by the electric arc struck between the anode and cathode. Cooling is provided to prevent melting of three of the internal components, i.e. the cathode, the anode and the pilot insert. However, to limit the heat loss to the cooling fluid, the long insert is made of an insulating material. In this way, more electrical energy is transferred to the gas.
A two step process for the destruction of a precursor material using a steam plasma in a three zone reactor wherein the precursor material is hydrolyzed as a first step in the high temperature zone of the reactor, followed by a second step of medium temperature oxidation of the reactant stream in the combustion zone of the reactor where combustion oxygen or air is injected and immediate quenching of the resulting gas stream to avoid the formation of unwanted by-products. A related apparatus includes a non transferred direct current steam plasma torch, an externally cooled three zone steam plasma reactor means for introducing the precursor material into the plasma plume of the plasma torch, means for introducing the combustion air or oxygen into the combustion zone, means for exiting the reactant mixture from the reactor and means for quenching the reactant mixture located at the exit end of the reactor.
A62D 3/19 - Procédés pour rendre les substances chimiques nuisibles inoffensives ou moins nuisibles en effectuant un changement chimique dans les substances par exposition à une énergie électrique ou ondulatoire ou à un rayonnement particulaire ou ionisant à un plasma
F23G 7/06 - Procédés ou appareils, p.ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets particuliers ou de combustibles pauvres, p.ex. des produits chimiques de gaz d'évacuation ou de gaz nocifs, p.ex. de gaz d'échappement
F23G 7/04 - Procédés ou appareils, p.ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets particuliers ou de combustibles pauvres, p.ex. des produits chimiques de liqueurs résiduelles, p.ex. de liqueurs au sulfite
B09B 3/00 - Destruction de déchets solides ou transformation de déchets solides en quelque chose d'utile ou d'inoffensif
A62D 3/35 - Procédés pour rendre les substances chimiques nuisibles inoffensives ou moins nuisibles en effectuant un changement chimique dans les substances par réaction avec des agents chimiques par hydrolyse
H05H 1/42 - Torches à plasma utilisant un arc avec des dispositions pour l'introduction des matériaux dans le plasma, p.ex. de la poudre, du liquide
A62D 3/38 - Procédés pour rendre les substances chimiques nuisibles inoffensives ou moins nuisibles en effectuant un changement chimique dans les substances par réaction avec des agents chimiques par combustion
B01J 19/08 - Procédés utilisant l'application directe de l'énergie ondulatoire ou électrique, ou un rayonnement particulaire; Appareils à cet usage
B01J 19/02 - Appareils caractérisés par le fait qu'ils sont construits avec des matériaux choisis pour leurs propriétés de résistance aux agents chimiques
A62D 101/22 - Substances organiques contenant un halogène
A62D 101/28 - Substances organiques contenant de l'oxygène, du soufre, du sélénium ou du tellure, c. à d. chalcogène
H05H 1/34 - Torches à plasma utilisant un arc - Détails, p.ex. électrodes, buses
A system for generating high pressure steam from dirty water uses a combination of submerged plasma arcs and electrical resistive heating. Dirty water from steam assisted gravity drainage, or other dirty water producing process, which needs to be converted into high pressure steam, is fed directly without any pre-treatment, into a plasma fired steam generator, powered by submerged electrodes. The combination of electric arc plasma and resistive heating is created between the submerged electrodes. The heat so generated will boil the water portion of the dirty water feed to generate steam that is collected in a steam space and then removed therefrom. The solids and other residues (residual sludge) present in the feed water settle down at the bottom of the steam generator and are removed via a blow-down stream. The plasma arcs are used to intermittently remove any scaling or solid deposits that can accumulate on the electrodes.
A system for generating high pressure steam from dirty water uses a combination of submerged plasma arcs and electrical resistive heating. Dirty water from steam assisted gravity drainage, or other dirty water producing process, which needs to be converted into high pressure steam, is fed directly without any pre-treatment, into a plasma fired steam generator, powered by submerged electrodes. The combination of electric arc plasma and resistive heating is created between the submerged electrodes. The heat so generated will boil the water portion of the dirty water feed to generate steam that is collected in a steam space and then removed therefrom. The solids and other residues (residual sludge) present in the feed water settle down at the bottom of the steam generator and are removed via a blow-down stream. The plasma arcs are used to intermittently remove any scaling or solid deposits that can accumulate on the electrodes.
A system for generating high pressure steam from dirty water uses a combination of submerged plasma arcs and electrical resistive heating. Dirty water from steam assisted gravity drainage, or other dirty water producing process, which needs to be converted into high pressure steam, is fed directly without any pre-treatment, into a plasma fired steam generator, powered by submerged electrodes. The combination of electric arc plasma and resistive heating is created between the submerged electrodes. The heat so generated will boil the water portion of the dirty water feed to generate steam that is collected in a steam space and then removed therefrom. The solids and other residues (residual sludge) present in the feed water settle down at the bottom of the steam generator and are removed via a blow-down stream. The plasma arcs are used to intermittently remove any scaling or solid deposits that can accumulate on the electrodes.
A two step process for the destruction of a precursor material using a steam plasma in a three zone reactor wherein the precursor material is hydrolyzed as a first step in the high temperature zone of the reactor, followed by a second step of medium temperature oxidation of the reactant stream in the combustion zone of the reactor where combustion oxygen or air is injected and immediate quenching of the resulting gas stream to avoid the formation of unwanted by-products. A related apparatus includes a non transferred direct current steam plasma torch, an externally cooled three zone steam plasma reactor means for introducing the precursor material into the plasma plume of the plasma torch, means for introducing the combustion air or oxygen into the combustion zone, means for exiting the reactant mixture from the reactor and means for quenching the reactant mixture located at the exit end of the reactor.
In the present pelletizing apparatus, the induration of iron ore concentrate pellets is achieved in a tunnel furnace heated by plasma torches, wherein the generation of CO2 by the conventional iron ore pelletizing processes is reduced by using electricity powered plasma torches instead of burning natural gas, heavy oil or pulverized coal in burners, thereby reducing considerably industrial pollution of the atmosphere.
A high power DC steam plasma torch system (S) includes a steam plasma torch assembly (1) wherein superheated steam (46) is used as the main plasma forming gas, thereby resulting in a very reactive steam plasma plume. The superheated steam (46) is injected internally directly into the plasma plume via a ceramic lined steam feed tube (25) for reducing condensation of steam before reaching the plasma plume. The superheated steam (46) flows through a gas vortex (16) which has tangentially drilled holes thereby resulting in a high speed gas swirl that minimizes electrode erosion. In the present steam plasma torch system (S), the plasma torch assembly (1) is ignited using an ignition contactor which is housed external to the plasma torch assembly (1). The superheated steam (46) is injected into the plasma plume using a water cooled steam vortex generator assembly (15).
A high power DC steam plasma torch system (S) includes a steam plasma torch assembly (1) wherein superheated steam (46) is used as the main plasma forming gas, thereby resulting in a very reactive steam plasma plume. The superheated steam (46) is injected internally directly into the plasma plume via a ceramic lined steam feed tube (25) for reducing condensation of steam before reaching the plasma plume. The superheated steam (46) flows through a gas vortex (16) which has tangentially drilled holes thereby resulting in a high speed gas swirl that minimizes electrode erosion. In the present steam plasma torch system (S), the plasma torch assembly (1) is ignited using an ignition contactor which is housed external to the plasma torch assembly (1). The superheated steam (46) is injected into the plasma plume using a water cooled steam vortex generator assembly (15).
In a fossil fuel waste incineration or plasma gasification process, waste heat generated by combustion of waste is captured by a heat transfer fluid and conveyed to an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) for energy recovery. In the case of a fossil fuel-fired waste incineration system, the heat transfer fluid captures waste heat from a double-walled combustion chamber, a heat exchanger being used to cool the hot process exhaust (gas cooler). In the case of a plasma waste gasification system, the heat transfer fluid captures waste heat from a plasma torch, a gasification chamber and combustion chamber cooling jackets as well as any other high-temperature components requiring cooling, and then a heat exchanger used to cool the hot process exhaust (gas cooler). The heat exchanger may take on several configurations, including plate or shell and tube configurations.
F01K 25/08 - Ensembles fonctionnels ou machines motrices caractérisés par l'emploi de fluides énergétiques particuliers non prévus ailleurs; Ensembles fonctionnant selon un cycle fermé, non prévus ailleurs utilisant des vapeurs particulières
F23G 5/16 - Procédés ou appareils, p.ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets ou de combustibles pauvres comportant un chauffage supplémentaire comportant une combustion secondaire dans une chambre de combustion séparée
In the present pelletizing apparatus, the induration of iron ore concentrate pellets is achieved in a tunnel furnace heated by plasma torches, wherein the generation of CO2 by the conventional iron ore pelletizing processes is reduced by using electricity powered plasma torches instead of burning natural gas, heavy oil or pulverized coal in burners, thereby reducing considerably industrial pollution of the atmosphere.
B22D 5/04 - Machines ou installations pour la coulée de gueuses ou produits similaires avec convoyeurs sans fin pour la coulée
B01J 2/04 - Procédés ou dispositifs pour la granulation de substances, en général; Traitement de matériaux particulaires leur permettant de s'écouler librement, en général, p.ex. en les rendant hydrophobes par division du produit liquide en gouttelettes, p.ex. par pulvérisation, et solidification des gouttelettes en milieu gazeux
F27D 11/08 - Chauffage par décharge électrique, p.ex. décharge d'arc
H05H 1/42 - Torches à plasma utilisant un arc avec des dispositions pour l'introduction des matériaux dans le plasma, p.ex. de la poudre, du liquide
61.
PLASMA HEATED FURNACE FOR IRON ORE PELLET INDURATION
In the present pelletizing apparatus, the induration of iron ore concentrate pellets is achieved in a tunnel furnace heated by plasma torches, wherein the generation of CO2 by the conventional iron ore pelletizing processes is reduced by using electricity powered plasma torches instead of burning natural gas, heavy oil or pulverized coal in burners, thereby reducing considerably industrial pollution of the atmosphere.
B22D 5/04 - Machines ou installations pour la coulée de gueuses ou produits similaires avec convoyeurs sans fin pour la coulée
B01J 2/04 - Procédés ou dispositifs pour la granulation de substances, en général; Traitement de matériaux particulaires leur permettant de s'écouler librement, en général, p.ex. en les rendant hydrophobes par division du produit liquide en gouttelettes, p.ex. par pulvérisation, et solidification des gouttelettes en milieu gazeux
F27D 11/08 - Chauffage par décharge électrique, p.ex. décharge d'arc
H05H 1/42 - Torches à plasma utilisant un arc avec des dispositions pour l'introduction des matériaux dans le plasma, p.ex. de la poudre, du liquide
62.
ENERGY EFFICIENT SALT-FREE RECOVERY OF METAL FROM DROSS
A process and an apparatus are disclosed for improved recovery of metal from hot and cold dross, wherein a dross-treating furnace is provided with a filling material with good capacity to store heat. This filling material is preheated to a desired temperature by injection of an oxidizing gas to bum non- recoverable metal remaining in the filling material after tapping of the recoverable metal contained in the dross and discharging of the treatment residue, When dross is treated in such furnace, the heat emanating by conduction from the filling material is sufficient to melt and separate the recoverable metal contained in the dross, without addition of an external heat source, such as fuel or gas burners, plasma torches or electric arcs and without use of any salt fluxes. Furthermore, the recovered metal being in the molten state can be fed to the molten metal holding furnace without cooling the melt; in addition, the non-use of fluxing salt for the treatment means that the non- contaminated residue can be used as a cover for the electrolytic cells in the case of aluminum. In the case of zinc dross, the residue is a valuable zinc oxide by-product very low in contaminants.
F27B 7/20 - Fours à tambours rotatifs, c. à d. horizontaux ou légèrement inclinés - Parties constitutives, accessoires ou équipement particuliers aux fours à tambours rotatifs
63.
ENERGY EFFICIENT SALT-FREE RECOVERY OF METAL FROM DROSS
A process and an apparatus are disclosed for improved recovery of metal from hot and cold dross, wherein a dross-treating furnace is provided with a filling material with good capacity to store heat. This filling material is preheated to a desired temperature by injection of an oxidizing gas to bum non- recoverable metal remaining in the filling material after tapping of the recoverable metal contained in the dross and discharging of the treatment residue, When dross is treated in such furnace, the heat emanating by conduction from the filling material is sufficient to melt and separate the recoverable metal contained in the dross, without addition of an external heat source, such as fuel or gas burners, plasma torches or electric arcs and without use of any salt fluxes. Furthermore, the recovered metal being in the molten state can be fed to the molten metal holding furnace without cooling the melt; in addition, the non-use of fluxing salt for the treatment means that the non- contaminated residue can be used as a cover for the electrolytic cells in the case of aluminum. In the case of zinc dross, the residue is a valuable zinc oxide by-product very low in contaminants.
F27B 7/20 - Fours à tambours rotatifs, c. à d. horizontaux ou légèrement inclinés - Parties constitutives, accessoires ou équipement particuliers aux fours à tambours rotatifs
64.
Steam plasma arc hydrolysis of ozone depleting substances
A two step process for the destruction of a precursor material using a steam plasma in a three zone reactor wherein the precursor material is hydrolyzed as a first step in the high temperature zone of the reactor, followed by a second step of medium temperature oxidation of the reactant stream in the combustion zone of the reactor where combustion oxygen or air is injected and immediate quenching of the resulting gas stream to avoid the formation of unwanted by-products. A related apparatus includes a non transferred direct current steam plasma torch, an externally cooled three zone steam plasma reactor means for introducing the precursor material into the plasma plume of the plasma torch, means for introducing the combustion air or oxygen into the combustion zone, means for exiting the reactant mixture from the reactor and means for quenching the reactant mixture located at the exit end of the reactor.
A62D 3/19 - Procédés pour rendre les substances chimiques nuisibles inoffensives ou moins nuisibles en effectuant un changement chimique dans les substances par exposition à une énergie électrique ou ondulatoire ou à un rayonnement particulaire ou ionisant à un plasma
65.
STEAM PLASMA ARC HYDROLYSIS OF OZONE DEPLETING SUBSTANCES
A two step process for the destruction of a precursor material using a steam plasma in a three zone reactor wherein the precursor material is hydrolyzed as a first step in the high temperature zone of the reactor, followed by a second step of medium temperature oxidation of the reactant stream in the combustion zone of the reactor where combustion oxygen or air is injected and immediate quenching of the resulting gas stream to avoid the formation of unwanted by-products. A related apparatus includes a non transferred direct current steam plasma torch, an externally cooled three zone steam plasma reactor means for introducing the precursor material into the plasma plume of the plasma torch, means for introducing the combustion air or oxygen into the combustion zone, means for exiting the reactant mixture from the reactor and means for quenching the reactant mixture located at the exit end of the reactor.
B01J 19/08 - Procédés utilisant l'application directe de l'énergie ondulatoire ou électrique, ou un rayonnement particulaire; Appareils à cet usage
A62D 3/19 - Procédés pour rendre les substances chimiques nuisibles inoffensives ou moins nuisibles en effectuant un changement chimique dans les substances par exposition à une énergie électrique ou ondulatoire ou à un rayonnement particulaire ou ionisant à un plasma
In a fossil fuel waste incineration or plasma gasification process, waste heat generated by combustion of waste is captured by a heat transfer fluid and conveyed to an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) for energy recovery. In the case of a fossil fuel-fired waste incineration system, the heat transfer fluid captures waste heat from a double-walled combustion chamber, a heat exchanger being used to cool the hot process exhaust (gas cooler). In the case of a plasma waste gasification system, the heat transfer fluid captures waste heat from a plasma torch, a gasification chamber and combustion chamber cooling jackets as well as any other high-temperature components requiring cooling, and then a heat exchanger used to cool the hot process exhaust (gas cooler). The heat exchanger may take on several configurations, including plate or shell and tube configurations.
F01K 7/00 - Ensembles fonctionnels de machines à vapeur caractérisés par l'emploi de types particuliers de machines motrices; Ensembles fonctionnels ou machines motrices caractérisés par un circuit de vapeur, un cycle de fonctionnement ou des phases particuliers; Dispositifs de commande spécialement adaptés à ces systèmes, cycles ou phases; Utilisation de la vapeur soutirée ou de la vapeur d'évacuation pour le réchauffage de l'eau d'alimentation
F01K 25/14 - Ensembles fonctionnels ou machines motrices caractérisés par l'emploi de fluides énergétiques particuliers non prévus ailleurs; Ensembles fonctionnant selon un cycle fermé, non prévus ailleurs utilisant des vapeurs particulières utilisant des gaz d'évacuation industriels ou autres rejets gazeux
F01K 27/00 - Ensembles fonctionnels transformant la chaleur ou l'énergie d'un fluide en énergie mécanique, non prévus ailleurs
F25B 27/02 - Machines, installations ou systèmes utilisant des sources d'énergie particulières utilisant la chaleur perdue, p.ex. chaleur dégagée par des moteurs à combustion interne
67.
METHOD TO MAXIMIZE ENERGY RECOVERY IN WASTE-TO-ENERGY PROCESSES
In a fossil fuel waste incineration or plasma gasification process, waste heat generated by combustion of waste is captured by a heat transfer fluid and conveyed to an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) for energy recovery. in the case of a fossil fuel-fired waste incineration system, the heat transfer fluid captures waste heat from a double-walled combustion chamber, a heat exchanger being used to cool the hot process exhaust (gas cooler). in the case of a plasma waste gasification system, the heat transfer fluid captures waste heat from a plasma torch, a gasification chamber and combustion chamber cooling jackets as well as any other high-temperature components requiring cooling, and then a heat exchanger used to cool the hot process exhaust (gas cooler). The heat exchanger may take on several configurations, including plate or shell and tube configurations.
F01K 7/00 - Ensembles fonctionnels de machines à vapeur caractérisés par l'emploi de types particuliers de machines motrices; Ensembles fonctionnels ou machines motrices caractérisés par un circuit de vapeur, un cycle de fonctionnement ou des phases particuliers; Dispositifs de commande spécialement adaptés à ces systèmes, cycles ou phases; Utilisation de la vapeur soutirée ou de la vapeur d'évacuation pour le réchauffage de l'eau d'alimentation
F01K 25/14 - Ensembles fonctionnels ou machines motrices caractérisés par l'emploi de fluides énergétiques particuliers non prévus ailleurs; Ensembles fonctionnant selon un cycle fermé, non prévus ailleurs utilisant des vapeurs particulières utilisant des gaz d'évacuation industriels ou autres rejets gazeux
F01K 27/00 - Ensembles fonctionnels transformant la chaleur ou l'énergie d'un fluide en énergie mécanique, non prévus ailleurs
F25B 27/02 - Machines, installations ou systèmes utilisant des sources d'énergie particulières utilisant la chaleur perdue, p.ex. chaleur dégagée par des moteurs à combustion interne
68.
METHOD TO MAXIMIZE ENERGY RECOVERY IN WASTE-TO-ENERGY PROCESSES
In a fossil fuel waste incineration or plasma gasification process, waste heat generated by combustion of waste is captured by a heat transfer fluid and conveyed to an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) for energy recovery. In the case of a fossil fuel-fired waste incineration system, the heat transfer fluid captures waste heat from a double-walled combustion chamber, a heat exchanger being used to cool the hot process exhaust (gas cooler). In the case of a plasma waste gasification system, the heat transfer fluid captures waste heat from a plasma torch, a gasification chamber and combustion chamber cooling jackets as well as any other high-temperature components requiring cooling, and then a heat exchanger used to cool the hot process exhaust (gas cooler). The heat exchanger may take on several configurations, including plate or shell and tube configurations.
F01K 25/14 - Ensembles fonctionnels ou machines motrices caractérisés par l'emploi de fluides énergétiques particuliers non prévus ailleurs; Ensembles fonctionnant selon un cycle fermé, non prévus ailleurs utilisant des vapeurs particulières utilisant des gaz d'évacuation industriels ou autres rejets gazeux
F01K 27/00 - Ensembles fonctionnels transformant la chaleur ou l'énergie d'un fluide en énergie mécanique, non prévus ailleurs
F01K 7/00 - Ensembles fonctionnels de machines à vapeur caractérisés par l'emploi de types particuliers de machines motrices; Ensembles fonctionnels ou machines motrices caractérisés par un circuit de vapeur, un cycle de fonctionnement ou des phases particuliers; Dispositifs de commande spécialement adaptés à ces systèmes, cycles ou phases; Utilisation de la vapeur soutirée ou de la vapeur d'évacuation pour le réchauffage de l'eau d'alimentation
F25B 27/02 - Machines, installations ou systèmes utilisant des sources d'énergie particulières utilisant la chaleur perdue, p.ex. chaleur dégagée par des moteurs à combustion interne
69.
STEAM PLASMA ARC HYDROLYSIS OF OZONE DEPLETING SUBSTANCES
A two step process for the destruction of a precursor material using a steam plasma in a three zone reactor wherein the precursor material is hydrolyzed as a first step in the high temperature zone of the reactor, followed by a second step of medium temperature oxidation of the reactant stream in the combustion zone of the reactor where combustion oxygen or air is injected and immediate quenching of the resulting gas stream to avoid the formation of unwanted by-products. A related apparatus includes a non transferred direct current steam plasma torch, an externally cooled three zone steam plasma reactor means for introducing the precursor material into the plasma plume of the plasma torch, means for introducing the combustion air or oxygen into the combustion zone, means for exiting the reactant mixture from the reactor and means for quenching the reactant mixture located at the exit end of the reactor.
A62D 3/20 - Procédés pour rendre les substances chimiques nuisibles inoffensives ou moins nuisibles en effectuant un changement chimique dans les substances par hydropyrolyse ou gazéification destructive à la vapeur, p.ex. utilisant de l'eau et de la chaleur pour effectuer une modification chimique
A62D 3/19 - Procédés pour rendre les substances chimiques nuisibles inoffensives ou moins nuisibles en effectuant un changement chimique dans les substances par exposition à une énergie électrique ou ondulatoire ou à un rayonnement particulaire ou ionisant à un plasma
70.
Three step ultra-compact plasma system for the high temperature treatment of waste onboard ships
An apparatus for thermal processing of waste having organic and inorganic components comprises at least a treatment station, a cooling station and a treated material-removal station, and at least three crucibles. The treatment station is adapted to thermally treat the organic components and/or inorganic components located in a given one of the crucibles located at the treatment station. The so-treated components in this given crucible are adapted to then be cooled at the cooling station, before the treated components located in the given crucible are removed therefrom at the treated material-removal station. The three crucibles are mounted on a turntable so that the three crucibles are each at one of the stations, before synchronously all moving to each crucible's next station.
F23G 5/00 - Procédés ou appareils, p.ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets ou de combustibles pauvres
B09B 3/00 - Destruction de déchets solides ou transformation de déchets solides en quelque chose d'utile ou d'inoffensif
F23G 5/44 - Procédés ou appareils, p.ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets ou de combustibles pauvres - Parties constitutives; Accessoires
F23G 5/033 - Procédés ou appareils, p.ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets ou de combustibles pauvres comportant un traitement préalable consistant en une désagrégation ou un broyage
F23G 5/08 - Procédés ou appareils, p.ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets ou de combustibles pauvres comportant un chauffage supplémentaire
F23G 5/10 - Procédés ou appareils, p.ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets ou de combustibles pauvres comportant un chauffage supplémentaire par des moyens électriques
F23M 5/08 - Refroidissement des armatures, enveloppes ou parois; Tubes de parois
71.
THREE STEP ULTRA-COMPACT PLASMA SYSTEM FOR THE HIGH TEMPERATURE TREATMENT OF WASTE ONBOARD SHIPS
An apparatus for thermal processing of waste having organic and inorganic components comprises at least a treatment station, a cooling station and a treated material-removal station, and at least three crucibles. The treatment station is adapted to thermally treat the organic components and/or inorganic components located in a given one of the crucibles located at the treatment station. The so-treated components in this given crucible are adapted to then be cooled at the cooling station, before the treated components located in the given crucible are removed therefrom at the treated material-removal station. The three crucibles are mounted on a turntable so that the three crucibles are each at one of the stations, before synchronously all moving to each crucible's next station.
F23G 5/00 - Procédés ou appareils, p.ex. incinérateurs, spécialement adaptés à la combustion de déchets ou de combustibles pauvres
B09B 3/20 - Agglomération, liaison ou encapsulation de déchets solides
B09B 3/40 - Destruction de déchets solides ou transformation de déchets solides en quelque chose d'utile ou d'inoffensif impliquant un traitement thermique, p.ex. évaporation
