A first apparatus and a second apparatus (128) that are configured to manage or orchestrate network resources, or network services, or a machine learning model, or a composition of a machine learning model for a first stakeholder and a second stakeholder respectively, and first method comprising receiving, at the first apparatus (120), a requirement regarding a network intent, or for a network resource, or a network service, or a machine learning model, or a composition of a machine learning model, determining, at the first apparatus (120), a message regarding the requirement, sending the message to the second apparatus (128), and a second method comprising receiving, from the first apparatus (120) a first message regarding a requirement, and sending a second message regarding the requirement, to the first apparatus (120) or a first message regarding a network intent, and sending a second message regarding the network intent to the first apparatus (120).
H04W 72/566 - Critères d’affectation ou de planification des ressources sans fil sur la base de critères de priorité de l’information, de la source d’information ou du destinataire
2.
DATA SIGNAL PROCESSING IN MULTIPLE SUB-PANEL-BASED UPLINK MIMO TRANSMISSION
According to an example embodiment, a method comprising obtaining received data signals representative of one or more bits of information transmitted by at least one user equipment to a receiver of a radio cellular network, said receiver comprising two or more sub-panels of antennas, obtaining interference and noise covariance matrices individually estimated at at least two of said sub-panels for said received data signals, obtaining equalized signals by performing joint channel and noise equalization of said received data signals at least from said estimated covariance matrices, for at least one bit of said information transmitted by one of said users, obtaining a first set of LLRs, generated at least from said received data signals and said equalized signals, and obtaining a second set of applying the LLRs and the covariance matrices as inputs to a neural network, said neural network having been trained to output corrected LLRs.
A network entity comprises: means for providing an interface to a data network; means for receiving an indication of at least one pair of QoS flows for which a delay difference is to be monitored and a maximum delay difference threshold for the pair of QoS flows, wherein a QoS flow is a flow of data that has a specified quality-of-service requirement; and means for providing monitoring comprising determining a delay difference for the at least one pair of QoS flows and reporting in dependence upon the delay difference for the pair of QoS flows exceeding the maximum delay difference threshold for the pair of QoS flows.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to using non-cell defining synchronization signal block. In an aspect, a terminal device receives, from a network device, configuration information related to at least one non-cell defining synchronization signal block (NCD-SSB). The at least one NCD-SSB includes a different number of physical resource blocks (PRBs) from a cell defining synchronization signal block (CD-SSB). The terminal device performs, based on the configuration information, a measurement for the at least one NCD-SSB. The embodiments of the present disclosure can realize better measurement performance.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an AGC symbol usage for sidelink positioning reference signal transmission. In an aspect, a first terminal device determines a sidelink (SL) positioning reference signal (PRS) sequence for an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol preceding an SL PRS resource in a resource pool configured for transmitting SL PRS; and performs transmission to a second terminal device on the OFDM symbol based on the determined SL PRS sequence. This way, the first terminal device can transmit an OFDM symbol for AGC preceding the SL PRS resource, to adjust the RF level in the second terminal device, thus improving the positioning performance for the second terminal device.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to apparatuses, methods, and computer readable storage media for a configuration of repetitions of downlink control information (DCI). The method comprises: receiving, from a second apparatus, a configuration of an random access (RA) search space; determining an additional RA search space including repetitions of physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) candidates of at least one monitoring occasion of the RA search space; and monitoring downlink control information at least based on the configuration of the RA search space and the repetitions in the additional RA search space.
A method and apparatus of OFDR are disclosed, in which a pair of probe signals are launched, on mutually orthogonal channels, into the optical fiber cable that is to be monitored. In a digital processing circuit, phase noise is cancelled from the return signals after detecting them in their respective mutually orthogonal channels and after demodulating them, by combining them such that noise components of the respective demodulated signals are mutually cancelled. In embodiments, a conjugate pair of probe signals are launched, on mutually orthogonal channels, into the optical fiber cable.
G01D 5/353 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensibleMoyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminéTransducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c.-à-d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette avec atténuation ou obturation complète ou partielle des rayons lumineux les rayons lumineux étant détectés par des cellules photo-électriques en modifiant les caractéristiques de transmission d'une fibre optique
G01H 9/00 - Mesure des vibrations mécaniques ou des ondes ultrasonores, sonores ou infrasonores en utilisant des moyens sensibles aux radiations, p. ex. des moyens optiques
8.
EVALUATION OF ELECTRONIC DOCUMENTS FOR ADVERSE SUBJECT MATTER
Apparatus and method of evaluating electronic documents. In an embodiment, the method comprises obtaining a dataset comprising labeled text samples associated with subject matter categories and having a respective label comprises a risk level. The method comprises applying a machine learning (ML) model to the labeled text samples to vectorize the labeled text samples, and determining a representative vector for groups of text sample vectors associated with a same risk level in each subject matter category. The method comprises displaying an electronic document, extracting a text segment, applying the ML model to the text segment to vectorize the text segment, mapping the text segment vector to a subject matter category, determining the risk level associated with the text segment based on a relation between the text segment vector and representative vectors associated with the subject matter category, and annotating the text segment with an annotation based on the risk level.
G06F 40/109 - Maniement des polices de caractèresTypographie cinétique ou temporelle
G06Q 10/0635 - Analyse des risques liés aux activités d’entreprises ou d’organisations
G06V 10/74 - Appariement de motifs d’image ou de vidéoMesures de proximité dans les espaces de caractéristiques
G06V 30/414 - Extraction de la structure géométrique, p. ex. arborescenceDécoupage en blocs, p. ex. boîtes englobantes pour les éléments graphiques ou textuels
A method, apparatus and computer program is described comprising: receiving data transmitted over a wireless channel (the data encoding a first estimate of a channel state information of the wireless channel); decoding said data to generate a second estimate of the channel state information of the wireless channel; and generating a channel state information output by modifying the second estimate of the channel state information based, at least in part, on a first error indication.
H04B 7/06 - Systèmes de diversitéSystèmes à plusieurs antennes, c.-à-d. émission ou réception utilisant plusieurs antennes utilisant plusieurs antennes indépendantes espacées à la station d'émission
10.
EARLY USER EQUIPMENT CONTEXT TRANSFER IN L3 CALL SETUP
A method and an apparatus to perform sending towards a communication network node, information comprising a radio resource control setup request message an add slice request of at least one requested slice for fulfillment of at least one service characteristic, receiving an indication of one of an acceptance or a rejection by the network node of each of the at least one requested slice. The method and the apparatus is configured to perform receiving information comprising, a radio resource control setup request message for call admission with a network device of the communication network, wherein the information comprises an add slice request indication of at least one requested slice for fulfillment of at least one service characteristic for the network device and, based on the receiving, determining one of an acceptance or a rejection by the network node of each of the at least one requested slice.
An apparatus for attaching to an electronic unit includes a base and a cover. The base includes a bottom wall defining an opening, a first sidewall extending from a perimeter of the bottom wall, a support wall, and a second sidewall. The first sidewall and the second sidewall extend from respective ends of the support wall such that a groove is defined between the first sidewall, the support wall, and the second sidewall. The cover is configured to be coupled to the base and includes a top wall including a first side and a second side, a third sidewall extending from a perimeter of the second side of the top wall, and at least one spacer extending from the second side of the top wall and configured to define a cavity between the base and the cover.
Various example embodiments for supporting network security for a communication network are presented herein. Various example embodiments for supporting network security for a communication network may be configured to support programming of security functions, including security rules, into network devices. Various example embodiments for supporting programming of security functions into network devices may be configured to support programming of security functions into high performance application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) of the network device. Various example embodiments for supporting programming of security functions into network devices may be configured to support programming of security functions into various types of network device, such as routers, switches, servers, or the like.
Various example embodiments for supporting discovery of multicast rendezvous points for multicast trees are presented herein. Various example embodiments for supporting discovery of multicast rendezvous points for multicast trees may be configured to provide a generic capability for discovery of multicast rendezvous points in various types of communication networks which may utilize various communication protocols. Various example embodiments for supporting discovery of multicast rendezvous points for multicast trees may be configured to support discovery of multicast rendezvous points for multicast trees based on advertising of rendezvous point to multicast group mappings for multicast trees. Various example embodiments for supporting discovery of multicast rendezvous points for multicast trees may be configured to support discovery of multicast rendezvous points for multicast trees based on advertising of rendezvous point to multicast group mappings for multicast trees by flooding/broadcasting the rendezvous point to multicast group mappings through a routing protocol.
The present disclosure relates to PDCCH repetition. In particular, a network device transmits system information that includes a parameter related to a PDCCH common search space set with repetition to a terminal device. The terminal device determines a configuration of the PDCCH common search space set with repetition based on the parameters. The terminal device (110) further monitors a set of repetitions of a PDCCH based on the configuration. In this way, it can improve the coverage enhancement.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to UE type switching. In an aspect, a terminal device transmits, to a network device, capability information indicating support of a plurality of types of the terminal device. Then, the network device transmits an indication for switching a type of the terminal device to the terminal device. Moreover, the terminal device performs type switching based on the indication and a requirement for an interruption caused by the type switching. In this way, it is allowed to avoid transmission failure due to the interruption caused by type switching, and thus improve resource utilization and transmission flexibility.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to pathloss reference signal (PL-RS) maintenance for cell activation. In an aspect, a terminal device determines that a PL-R of a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) cell for the terminal device is maintained, in the event that the terminal device has a valid timing advance (TA) for transmitting on the PUCCH cell. The terminal device further performs a cell activation procedure for the PUCCH cell based on the determination that the PL-RS is maintained. As such, the PUCCH cell activation procedure can be performed with the assumption that the PL-RS of the PUCCH cell is maintained. In some embodiments, based on the determination that the PL-RS is maintained, the terminal device may skip unnecessary PL-RS measurement (s) during the cell activation procedure, thereby reducing the activation delay to transition from deactivated to activated status.
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and an apparatus for determining a transmission resource for initiating a data transmission. The method (100) performed by a terminal device may comprise: acquiring (S102) a time limit for determining whether a configured transmission resource is within the time limit; and initiating (S104), based on the transmission resource being within the time limit and being valid for a data transmission, the data transmission using the transmission resource in an inactive state. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the time limit is considered for determining the transmission resource, and thus the data transmission can be performed timely.
Various example embodiments relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable media for integrated sensing and communication mode switch between a monostatic mode and a bistatic mode. A sensing function entity may be introduced to manage sensing services and trigger the sensing mode switch. The sensing function entity may be configured to receive from a first device a first signal quality report indicative of a first quality of an echo signal received at the first device, the first device being configured to transmit a sensing signal of which at least a portion is reflected by an object to generate the echo signal, to receive from a second device a second signal quality report indicative of a second quality of the echo signal received at the second device, and to compare the first quality with the second quality to determine whether to switch a working mode for sensing the object.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a quality of experience (QoE) report handling policy in dual connectivity. In an aspect, a first network device determines a policy configuration for handling one or more QoE configurations associated with a terminal device; and when the first network device is overloaded in dual connectivity, determines whether to pause the reporting of the one or more QoE configurations of the terminal device or to offload the one or more QoE configurations to the second network device. Based on determining to offload, the first network device transmits a request for the offloading to the second network device; and receives a response indicating whether the offloading of the one or more QoE configurations is accepted by the second network device. By implementing the embodiments of the present disclosure, enhanced assistance information can be provided to a RAN node to handle RAN overload in dual connectivity.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage media for cooperation of machine learning enabled capabilities on demand. A first device transmits, at a cooperation management service (MnS) consumer and to a cooperation MnS producer, a request for a cooperation plan of a plurality of machine learning capabilities for fulfilling a goal, the request comprising at least one attribute associated with the cooperation plan. The first device receives, from the cooperation MnS producer, a response for the cooperation plan indicating at least one candidate option of the cooperation plan available for fulfilling the goal. The first device evaluates the at least one candidate option for determining a target option of the cooperation plan. In this way, the MnS consumer can search, select, and deploy a cooperation plan defined by the MnS producer. This enables a task-oriented coordination of AI/ML capabilities from training to inference.
Disclosed is a method comprising transmitting, by an apparatus, to a distributed unit, information indicating one or more capabilities of the apparatus, wherein the one or more capabilities comprise at least a capability for mitigating an overload of a control plane processing capacity of the apparatus in a slot; and receiving, by the apparatus, from the distributed unit, based on transmitting the information, one or more messages comprising a plurality of control plane sections to be processed in one or more slots.
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for identifying optimal beamforming directions from a UE by using a beamspace image. One method may include detecting radio frequency energy in a beamspace of one or more lenses; digitizing, with parallel processing of a two-dimensional array, the detected radio frequency energy in the beamspace of the one or more lenses; and generating one or more images based upon the digitized radio frequency energy in the beamspace of the one or more lenses.
The present disclosure relates to a solution for PDCCH repetition. In particular, a terminal device determines transmission resources for a set of repetitions of a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). The terminal device monitors the set of repetitions of the PDCCH from a network device based on the transmission resources. In this way, it can reduce latency for the terminal device and can also decrease a buffer size at the terminal device.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to sub-band switching. In an example method, an apparatus groups a plurality of devices in a radio access network into a plurality of groups. The apparatus determines a plurality of criticality levels of the plurality of groups, a plurality of switching delays of the plurality of groups based on the plurality of criticality levels, a plurality of initial switching delays of the plurality of groups, and a time deadline for switching the plurality of groups from a first sub-band to a second sub-band. The apparatus performs the switching of the plurality of groups based on the plurality of switching delays. In this way, the switching delay for each group can be determined.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage media for de-configuration of mobility management. In example embodiments, a first network device transmits, to a second network device, an instruction of de-configuration of mobility management for a terminal device. Moreover, the first network device obtains, from the second network device, an identification of a serving cell for the terminal device.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure provide a signaling framework for semi-supervised learning (SSL) with data augmentation. In an example method, a first device receives, from a second device, configuration information related to SSL training based on data augmentation. The first device trains an artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML) model deployed at the first device based on the received configuration information and unlabeled data at the first device and transmits, to the second device, at least one model parameter of the trained AI/ML model. In this way, a distribution arrangement for training over different entities in the network involving separate pipelines using data augmentation is proposed where the performance of the AI/ML model can be improved.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods, devices, apparatuses and computer readable storage medium for power control. In a method, a first apparatus obtains a difference between a first path loss associated with a source satellite and a second path loss associated with a target satellite. The first apparatus determines a transmission power based on the first path loss and the difference between the first and second path losses after switching from the source satellite to the target satellite.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods, devices, apparatuses and computer readable storage medium of configuration of control resource set in sub-band non-overlapping full duplex. In a method, a first apparatus receives, from a second apparatus, a first configuration of a control resource set in a sub-band non-overlapping full-duplex time period. The first apparatus determined that a control resource set for a physical downlink control channel is in a sub-band non-overlapping full-duplex time period. The first apparatus monitors, based on the first configuration of the control resource set, the physical downlink control channel in the sub-band non-overlapping full-duplex time period.
The present disclosure relates to a machine-learning (ML) orchestrator entity that provides distributed, flexible, and efficient parameter initialization for ML agents installed on network nodes operating under similar radio conditions. For this end, the ML orchestrator entity instructs two or more of the network nodes to run two or more ML agents in a training mode, which results in generating two or more sets of parameters. Then, the ML orchestrator entity uses the sets of parameters to derive a common set of parameters for the network nodes. The common set of parameters is to be used in an inference mode of the ML agent at each of the network nodes. The transmission of the common set of parameters to the network nodes may be subsequently initiated by the ML orchestrator entity itself or by each of the network nodes independently.
H04W 24/02 - Dispositions pour optimiser l'état de fonctionnement
H04L 41/16 - Dispositions pour la maintenance, l’administration ou la gestion des réseaux de commutation de données, p. ex. des réseaux de commutation de paquets en utilisant l'apprentissage automatique ou l'intelligence artificielle
According to an example aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method comprising receiving by a control apparatus, from a client apparatus, a request for a resource allocation of one or more connected devices on one or more time ranges, receiving by the control apparatus, from an orchestrator apparatus, a work plan for a group of connected devices, wherein the work plan comprises planned positions of the group of connected devices and the group of connected devices comprises said one or more connected devices, computing by the control apparatus, based at least on the work plan, a resource allocation for each of multiple connection points on said one or more time ranges, wherein the resource allocation comprises an assignation of said one or more connected devices to the connected points and transmitting, by the control apparatus, the resource allocation to the client apparatus.
H04L 47/762 - Contrôle d'admissionAllocation des ressources en utilisant l'allocation dynamique des ressources, p. ex. renégociation en cours d'appel sur requête de l'utilisateur ou sur requête du réseau en réponse à des changements dans les conditions du réseau déclenchée par le réseau
H04L 47/74 - Mesures pour pallier la non-disponibilité des ressources
H04L 47/80 - Actions liées au type d'utilisateur ou à la nature du flux
31.
CONFLICT RESOLUTION IN NETWORK VIRTUALIZATION SCENARIOS
There are provided measures for conflict resolution in a network virtualization scenario, wherein a virtualized network function is utilized by a first virtualized network service managed by a first network component and a second virtualized network service managed by a second network component. The measures comprise requesting, by the first network component, an alteration of the virtualized network function, transmitting information indicative of the alteration of the virtualized network function to the second network component, and determining when the alteration of the virtualized network function impacts the second virtualized network service.
H04L 41/0813 - Réglages de configuration caractérisés par les conditions déclenchant un changement de paramètres
G06F 9/455 - ÉmulationInterprétationSimulation de logiciel, p. ex. virtualisation ou émulation des moteurs d’exécution d’applications ou de systèmes d’exploitation
G06F 9/50 - Allocation de ressources, p. ex. de l'unité centrale de traitement [UCT]
32.
TECHNIQUE FOR CLEARING CONFIGURATIONS AT WIFI EXTENDERS
In a wireless network, such as a WiFi network, having a root node and at least one extender, as part of the execution of a factory reset of the root node, the root node automatically transmits a “clear configurations” message to each extender and, in response to receiving such message, each extender clears its configurations including any home SSIDs, any guest SSIDs, any gaming SSIDs, and any port-forwarding configurations. In this way, a factory reset of the root node can be used to prevent non-primary UEs from accessing the network using previous non-primary configurations.
There is provided a method performed by a first apparatus, the method comprising: acquiring a configuration of a first search space, wherein the first search space is for detecting messaging between a second and a third apparatus; acquiring a configuration of a second search space, wherein the second search space is for detecting messaging between the second and the first apparatus; activating the first search space to monitor messaging based on the first search space; performing one of the following: detect, based on the first search space, messaging between the second and the third apparatus, and activate the second search space to monitor messaging based on the second search space; or detect, based on the first search space, that messaging does not take place be-tween the second and the third apparatus, and refrain from activating the second search space.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage media of especially for user equipment supporting non-overlapping full duplex (SBFD) or not supporting SBFD. The method comprises receiving, at a first apparatus and from a second apparatus, a common frame structure configuration for including a plurality of flexible slots; receiving, from the second apparatus, a dedicated frame structure configuration dedicated to the first apparatus and indicating that the plurality of flexible slots has a SBFD, structure or a TDD frame structure; and performing a communication to the second apparatus at least based on the dedicated frame structure configuration.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to beam reporting. In an aspect, a first terminal device determines usability of at least one of a plurality of beams associated with at least one reference signal transmitted by a second terminal device based on measured signal level and/or quality; carries out beam-wise comparison among the at least one of the plurality of the beams determined usable, wherein the beam-wise comparison is based on the measured signal level and/or quality for identifying at least one beam having most suitable signal level and/or quality for signal transmission, and transmits, to the second terminal device, an indication indicating at least one of the following: the at least one beam having the most suitable signal level and/or quality; or the at least one of the plurality of beams being usable. The embodiments of the present disclosure can cause fast beam reporting.
An apparatus comprising: means for receiving a proximity pathloss threshold from a network, wherein a pathloss between a passive device and a user equipment connected to the apparatus is less than the proximity pathloss threshold; means for receiving, from the user equipment, at least one measurement associated with the user equipment; means for determining a backscatter link beam direction, based at least on the at least one measurement associated with the user equipment; and means for determining an illumination power of an illumination transmission to the passive device, based at least on the proximity pathloss threshold.
G01S 17/86 - Combinaisons de systèmes lidar avec des systèmes autres que lidar, radar ou sonar, p. ex. avec des goniomètres
H04B 7/06 - Systèmes de diversitéSystèmes à plusieurs antennes, c.-à-d. émission ou réception utilisant plusieurs antennes utilisant plusieurs antennes indépendantes espacées à la station d'émission
H04B 17/309 - Mesure ou estimation des paramètres de qualité d’un canal
37.
METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR PROVIDING A GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION OF A SENSOR FOR ACQUIRING DATA
Methods and apparatuses for providing a geographic location of a sensor (104) for acquiring data, wherein a first method in a first apparatus (112) comprises to receive (204) a request for a geographic location of a sensor (104) for acquiring data from a first apparatus, to request (206) the geographic location from a second apparatus (102) that is configured to operate a core of a communication network (100), to receive (212) the geographic location from the second apparatus (102), and to send (214) the geographic location, wherein a second method comprises to receive (206) a request from the first apparatus (112) for a geographic location of a sensor (104) for acquiring data, to request (208) the geographic location from the sensor (104), to receive (210) the geographic location from the sensor (104), and to send (212) the geographic location to the first apparatus (112).
A method of manufacturing a via-in-via vertical interconnect in a printed circuit board (PCB), including: drilling a first hole through the PCB; drilling a second hole into a top side of the PCB; plating the first hole and the second hole with a conductive material to form an outer layer; drilling a third hole through the PCB wherein a portion of the plating is removed between the first hole and the second hole; filling the first, second, and third holes with an outer filler; drilling a fourth hole through the outer filler; plating the fourth hole with a conductive material to form an inner layer; filling the fourth hole with an inner filler; forming a via-in-via pad on top of the inner filler connected to the inner layer; and drilling a fifth hole through the bottom of the PCB along the fourth hole to remove a portion of the inner filler and inner layer wherein the top of the fifth hole is below the internal layer.
A method for filtering addresses from a cache includes receiving, by a filter, a data request including an address specifying a memory location of the requested data, querying the filter to determine whether the address is cacheable or non-cacheable, and in response to determining the address is non-cacheable, preventing caching of the data and the address associated with the data. Other example methods, systems and non-transitory computer readable mediums for filtering addresses from a cache are also provided.
G06F 12/0802 - Adressage d’un niveau de mémoire dans lequel l’accès aux données ou aux blocs de données désirés nécessite des moyens d’adressage associatif, p. ex. mémoires cache
40.
ACCELERATED DEEP ACTIVE LEARNING WITH GRAPH-BASED SUB-SAMPLING
In some embodiments, there is provided receiving, as an input to a first machine learning model, a plurality of data; learning, by the first machine learning model and based at least on the plurality of data, a latent space; generating, based on the plurality of data and the latent space, a proximity graph, wherein label knowledge from labeled data is diffused on a plurality of nodes of the proximity graph; filtering, by the proximity graph, the plurality of nodes to provide a top k most uncertain nodes, wherein the top k most uncertain nodes form a subset of a plurality of unlabeled data; and providing the subset of the plurality of unlabeled data to a second machine learning model comprised in an active learning process. Related system, methods, and articles of manufacture are also disclosed.
Various embodiments of the subject disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage media for sensing coverage evaluation. In the method, a first apparatus transmits, to at least one second apparatus, a first request for first information regarding at least one evaluation of at least one sensing coverage of the at least one second apparatus. The first apparatus receives, from the at least one second apparatus, the first information regarding the at least one evaluation of the at least one sensing coverage. The first apparatus determines a sensing mode for a sensing service based on at least the first information.
Disclosed is a method comprising receiving, by a network node in an integrated access and backhaul network, from an integrated access and backhaul donor, a message indicating one or more expected available capacities per route for a plurality of routes in the integrated access and backhaul network; and re-routing, by the network node, data traffic to one or more routes of the plurality of routes based at least partly on the one or more expected available capacities per route.
H04W 40/22 - Sélection d'itinéraire ou de voie de communication, p. ex. routage basé sur l'énergie disponible ou le chemin le plus court utilisant la retransmission sélective en vue d'atteindre une station émettrice-réceptrice de base [BTS Base Transceiver Station] ou un point d'accès
H04L 45/125 - Évaluation de la route la plus courte basée sur le débit ou la bande passante
H04W 40/28 - Gestion d'informations sur la connectabilité, p. ex. exploration de connectabilité ou mise à jour de connectabilité pour acheminement réactif
43.
METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR PROTECTING INFORMATION ELEMENTS
Methods, apparatus and computer-readable medium are disclosed for protecting information element. In an embodiment, there is provided a method performed at a wireless device. The method comprises obtaining an identifier of the wireless device; obtaining an encryption key, wherein the encryption key is associated to the identifier; and communicating a frame between the wireless device and the first access point. The frame comprises the identifier of the wireless device and an information element encrypted with the encryption key.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and a non-transitory computer readable medium for power reduction. In an aspect, a terminal device may receive, from a network device, at least one channel state information (CSI) report criterion related to transmit power reduction at the network device. The terminal device may determine, based on the at least one CSI report criterion, information associated with a power offset for the transmit power reduction at the network device. The terminal device may transmit, to the network device, a CSI report comprising the information associated with the power offset. Embodiments of the present disclosure can achieve network energy saving and cost saving, as well as minimize the CSI report overhead and the associated costs.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage media of virtual antenna array capability report, especially for Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC). The method comprises receiving, at a first apparatus and from a second apparatus, information associated with an antenna array arrangement and sensing resolution related capability of the second apparatus; determining, at least based on the information, whether one or more sensing measurement requirements for a sensing service are satisfied by the second apparatus; and transmitting, based on the determination and to the second apparatus, an indication associated with the one or more sensing measurement requirements.
According to an aspect, there is provided a network node for performing the following The network node receives one or more messages from one or more second network nodes neighboring the first network node. One of the one or more messages comprises network node connectivity information related to at least one or more connections between one of the one or more second network nodes and one or more third network nodes neighboring the second network node. The network node transmits data via the one of the one or more second network nodes to a target network node based on the received network node connectivity information.
In a system, apparatus, method, and non-transitory computer readable medium for implementing SRv6 multicasting for network assisted publish-subscribe systems, a source host device may be caused to, obtain multicast scheduling information from a software defined network (SDN) controller, the multicast scheduling information including information related to a plurality of multicast trees associated with a network, each multicast tree of the plurality of multicast trees including at least one network node, and transmit a plurality of multi-stream multicast transmissions associated with a source multicast stream transmission to a plurality of destination host devices using a multicast group session tree based on the multicast scheduling information, the multicast group session tree associated with a desired multicast group, the multicast group including the source host device and the plurality of destination host devices.
Disclosed herein is an apparatus for providing one or more performance characteristics of a physical layer for Discrete Multi-Tone, DMT, based communication. The apparatus comprises means for receiving one or more first inputs, each first input indicative of a parameter associated with the physical layer. The apparatus comprises means for receiving one or more second inputs, each second input indicative of a performance characteristic of the physical layer, to be output. The apparatus comprises means for selecting, based on the one or more second inputs, one or more processing modules of a digital twin of the physical layer carrier data. The apparatus comprises means for determining, using the selected one or more processing modules and the one or more first inputs, the one or more performance characteristics. The apparatus comprises means for providing the one or more performance characteristics as output. A method and computer program are also disclosed.
H04L 41/122 - Découverte ou gestion des topologies de réseau des topologies virtualisées, p. ex. les réseaux définis par logiciel [SDN] ou la virtualisation de la fonction réseau [NFV]
H04L 41/16 - Dispositions pour la maintenance, l’administration ou la gestion des réseaux de commutation de données, p. ex. des réseaux de commutation de paquets en utilisant l'apprentissage automatique ou l'intelligence artificielle
H04L 41/40 - Dispositions pour la maintenance, l’administration ou la gestion des réseaux de commutation de données, p. ex. des réseaux de commutation de paquets en utilisant la virtualisation des fonctions réseau ou ressources, p. ex. entités SDN ou NFV
H04L 43/55 - Test de la qualité du niveau de service, p. ex. simulation de l’utilisation du service
In one embodiment, an optical line terminal, OLT, is configured to communicate in a passive optical network with optical network units, ONUs, that respectively comprise one or more transmission queues; wherein the OLT includes a dynamic bandwidth allocation, DBA, engine configured to allocate recurrent transmission opportunities to the respective transmission queues for transmitting packets from the respective transmission queues to the OLT; wherein at least one of the ONUs includes a L4S transmission queue for transmitting L4S packets with at most a service latency and at least a service bandwidth; and wherein the DBA engine is further configured to perform, identifying a L4S transmission queue based on a L4S traffic descriptor parameter provisioned within the DBA engine.
Direct conflict mitigation in near real-time radio access network intelligent controllers is provided. A method for direct conflict mitigation in near real-time radio access network intelligent controllers may include determining a potential conflict between subsets of services that are requested for two or more applications among an available set of services of an intelligent controller. The apparatus may transmit conflict negotiation requests to each of the two or more applications requesting that the two or more applications perform conflict negotiation between each other to allocate the subsets of services among the available set of services, and process responses from each of the two or more applications indicating results of the conflict negotiation.
Methods, apparatus and computer-readable medium are disclosed for intra sub-network transmissions. In an embodiment, there is provided a method implemented at an access point of a sub-network of a radio access network. The method comprises: obtaining first configuration information related to one or more subchannel sets available for the sub-network, wherein one of the one or more subchannel sets comprises one or more subchannels; and transiting, to one or more network devices, a message indicating parameters related to a subchannel set pattern based on the first configuration information, wherein the subchannel set pattern indicates at least one active subchannel set to be used for one or more transmissions within the sub-network during a subchannel set pattern period, and the at least one active subchannel set is a part of the one or more subchannel sets. Related solutions implemented at a transmitting device and a receiving device are also provided.
A method comprises obtaining data representing a signal received at a first device transmitted by a second device and channel estimation between the first and second devices, wherein the signal is transmitted over a plurality of layers; generating, by a first sub-model of a machine learning model, shared feature representations for the plurality of layers based on the data and the channel estimation; and generating, by a second sub-model of the machine learning model based on the shared feature representations, respective predictions on bits for the plurality of layers.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and a computer-readable medium for communication. In an example method, a terminal device determines at least one parameter related to a waking-up frequency of the terminal device. Then the terminal device transmits, to a network device, assistance information comprising the at least one parameter. The terminal device then wakes up from a sleep mode based on the at least one parameter. In this way, the waking-up frequency of the terminal device can be dynamically adjusted based on the state of the energy harvesting to match the speed of energy growth and consumption in the battery.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relates to a solution for splitting CP and UP for MAC layer. In particular, MAC CP PDUs including control information and MAC UP PDUs including user data are separated. In this way, the MAC UP PDUs can be processed faster.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage media of measurement of data unit discarding. In the method, a terminal device receives a configuration from a network device. The configuration indicates a measurement metric related to a measurement of a data unit discarding. The terminal device performs the measurement of the data unit discarding based on the configuration. The terminal device transmits, in terms of the measurement metric to the network device, measurement of the data unit discarding. In this way, the network device can be aware of the measurement data of the data unit discarding in terms of the measurement metric. Such measurement data can be benefit for the network device to allocate resources for the terminal device.
H04L 43/08 - Surveillance ou test en fonction de métriques spécifiques, p. ex. la qualité du service [QoS], la consommation d’énergie ou les paramètres environnementaux
There is provided an apparatus. The apparatus comprises means for monitoring at least one first channel for obtaining resource pool information related to resources reserved by one or more access points; means for, based on the resource pool information, performing a resource reservation procedure for determining a first resource to be reserved for a sub-network of the apparatus; means for sending information of the first resource to at least one of the one or more access points or one or more devices of the sub-network on a second channel; means for, based at least in part on the first resource, determining information of a second resource for use by the one or more devices of the sub-network, wherein the second resource is within the first resource; and means for sending information of the second resource to at least one of the one or more devices of the sub-network on a third channel.
There is provided an apparatus, which receives, from a network node, a radio resource control, RRC, connection release message indicating a reason for connection release. The reason is: the apparatus does not support any bandwidth part configured by the network node. Based on the indicated reason, the apparatus refrains from retrying to access a cell provided by the network node.
An apparatus comprising at least one processor, and at least one memory for storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least: to obtain local model update data from each of a plurality of clients of a federated learning, FL, procedure, to determine whether at least one of the plurality of clients is a suspicious client showing a harmful behavior in the FL procedure by conducting a test with a reference dataset, if at least one suspicious client is determined, to execute an identification procedure for identifying at least one malicious client, and to perform a global model update process considering a result of a malicious client identification.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage media of user equipment (UE) behaviour after an expiry of a validity duration of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) information. The method comprises determining, at a terminal device, that a validity duration of GNSS information has expired and a subsequent GNSS measurement has not been initiated; and applying, based on the determination, a configuration that an uplink transmission is not allowed to be performed by the terminal device and a downlink transmission scheduling is allowed.
G01S 19/00 - Systèmes de positionnement par satellite à radiopharesDétermination de position, de vitesse ou d'attitude au moyen de signaux émis par ces systèmes
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to supervision on a supervision object. In an aspect, a first device transmits, to a second device, a request message for performing supervision on a supervision object between the first device and the second device. The first device determines a status of the supervision object based on a response message received from the second device or a failure to receive the response message. In this way, a supervision mechanism is provided, e.g., to avoid sleeping cells.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to apparatuses, methods, and computer readable storage medium for configuration of a physical control channel (PDCCH). In a method, a first apparatus receives, from a second apparatus, a master information block (MIB) message. At least one bit in the MIB message indicates at least one configuration associated with a plurality of repetitions of a PDCCH transmission. Based on the at least one configuration, the first apparatus monitors the plurality of repetitions of the PDCCH transmission from the second apparatus.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to apparatuses, methods, and computer readable storage medium for transmission and reception of physical control channel (PDCCH) repetitions. In a method, a user device determines a repetition pattern associated with repetitions of a PDCCH transmission. The repetition pattern is configured in at least one slot in one or more frames. The user device monitors the repetitions of the PDCCH transmission based on the repetition pattern. Then, the user device decodes control information based on at least one monitored repetition of the repetitions of the PDCCH transmission.
H04W 72/232 - Canaux de commande ou signalisation pour la gestion des ressources dans le sens descendant de la liaison sans fil, c.-à-d. en direction du terminal les données de commande provenant de la couche physique, p. ex. signalisation DCI
H04L 5/00 - Dispositions destinées à permettre l'usage multiple de la voie de transmission
According to an update procedure for a network of interconnected nodes, a node keeps track of markers received on the node's incoming channels, transmits a marker on each outgoing channel (if any exist), and updates its node configuration from an old configuration to a new configuration. In one version of the update procedure, the node updates its configuration and transmits markers after receiving its initial incoming marker. In another version for acyclic networks, the node updates its configuration and transmits markers after receiving its final incoming marker. The node determines how to handle (i.e., process, queue, or drop) each incoming data packet based on (i) whether or not it has updated its node configuration yet and (ii) whether or not it has received a marker on the corresponding incoming channel yet. A controller initiates the update process at a subset of nodes that ensures eventual completion of the update process.
H04L 41/082 - Réglages de configuration caractérisés par les conditions déclenchant un changement de paramètres la condition étant des mises à jour ou des mises à niveau des fonctionnalités réseau
H04L 41/0816 - Réglages de configuration caractérisés par les conditions déclenchant un changement de paramètres la condition étant une adaptation, p. ex. en réponse aux événements dans le réseau
64.
IMPROVEMENT OF LINEAR BEAM SWEEPING IN HIGH SPEED SCENARIOS
There are provided measures for improvement of linear beam sweeping in high speed scenarios. Such measures exemplarily comprise setting a second beam width characteristic of a second beam of a beam sweep, wherein said setting includes calculating said second beam width characteristic based on a first beam width characteristic of a first beam of said beam sweep and a ratio between a first path loss of said first beam between an antenna and a first position at a linear trajectory to be covered by said beam sweep and a second path loss of said second beam between said antenna and a second position at said linear trajectory.
H04B 17/309 - Mesure ou estimation des paramètres de qualité d’un canal
H04B 7/06 - Systèmes de diversitéSystèmes à plusieurs antennes, c.-à-d. émission ou réception utilisant plusieurs antennes utilisant plusieurs antennes indépendantes espacées à la station d'émission
Various example embodiments for supporting seamless converged broadband service are presented herein. Various example embodiments for supporting seamless converged broadband service may be configured to use a client device at a customer location to provide network connectivity for a customer premises gateway device at the customer location. Various example embodiments for supporting seamless converged broadband service may be configured to use a wireless hotspot of a client device at a customer location to provide network connectivity for a customer premises gateway device at the customer location.
The present disclosure relates to a solution for beam failure recovery. In particular, the first apparatus determines a random access procedure for an activation of a secondary cell group configured for the first apparatus is needed. The first apparatus also determines, upon the activation of the secondary cell group, a beam failure on a primary secondary cell of the secondary cell group. The first apparatus performs a random access procedure for a beam failure recovery triggered by the need of random access procedure for the activation. Alternatively, or in addition, the first apparatus sets a value of a beam failure instance counter to a predetermined number. In this way, the first apparatus can reduce unnecessary power consumption.
H04B 7/06 - Systèmes de diversitéSystèmes à plusieurs antennes, c.-à-d. émission ou réception utilisant plusieurs antennes utilisant plusieurs antennes indépendantes espacées à la station d'émission
H04B 7/08 - Systèmes de diversitéSystèmes à plusieurs antennes, c.-à-d. émission ou réception utilisant plusieurs antennes utilisant plusieurs antennes indépendantes espacées à la station de réception
67.
DISTRIBUTED ACCESS POINT MULTI-LINK DEVICE NETWORK
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to distributed AP MLD network. In one aspect, a first device receives, from a plurality of second devices, a plurality of parameter sets associated with TSF. Upon determining, based on the plurality of parameter sets, that a collision among the plurality of second devices occurs in communication with a third device on a plurality of links, the first device performs a control on the plurality of second devices for resolving the collision among the plurality of second devices. In this way, a time clock synchronization mechanism for a distributed AP MLD network may be achieved.
Devices, methods and computer programs for machine learning -based adjustment of beam failure recovery related parameters are disclosed. At least some example embodiments may allow fine tuning the BFR parameters to improve BFR performance for better connectivity, and may be useful for, e. g., applications with low latency requirements.
H04B 7/06 - Systèmes de diversitéSystèmes à plusieurs antennes, c.-à-d. émission ou réception utilisant plusieurs antennes utilisant plusieurs antennes indépendantes espacées à la station d'émission
H04W 36/00 - Dispositions pour le transfert ou la resélection
In some embodiments, there may be provided a method that includes receiving, as a first input to a machine learning model, a measured link load; receiving, as a second input to the machine learning model, information indicating a network topology; receiving, as a third input to the machine learning model, at least one deflection parameter; learning, by the machine learning model, a first output to provide at least one updated deflection parameter, wherein the at least one updated deflection parameter indicates the fractional amount of traffic that is to be carried between the source node and the destination node and deflected through the intermediate node; and learning, by the machine learning model, a second output to provide dual variables that serve as a surrogate for a traffic matrix that could have generated the measured link load that is measured for the link of the network.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to enhancements on secondary cell group (SCG) activation. An apparatus determines that a beam failure is detected on a primary secondary cell in a SCG configured for the first apparatus upon activation of the SCG. The apparatus determines that at least one contention free resource for beam failure recovery is configured for the first apparatus. Based on the beam failure being detected on the primary secondary cell in the SCG upon activation of the SCG and the at least one contention free resource for beam failure recovery being configured for the first apparatus, the apparatus utilizes the at least one contention free resource for beam failure recovery for a random access procedure that is performed based on a need to activate the SCG. In this way, contention free resources for BFR can be utilized for random access required for SCG activation.
H04B 7/06 - Systèmes de diversitéSystèmes à plusieurs antennes, c.-à-d. émission ou réception utilisant plusieurs antennes utilisant plusieurs antennes indépendantes espacées à la station d'émission
Described herein is a first network element configured for supporting collection and/or evaluation of artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML)-related operational statistics in a communications network, the first network element comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first network element at least to: determine one or more AI/ML-related operational statistics associated with the first network element; and report the determined one or more AI/ML-related operational statistics to a second network element of the communications network.
H04L 41/16 - Dispositions pour la maintenance, l’administration ou la gestion des réseaux de commutation de données, p. ex. des réseaux de commutation de paquets en utilisant l'apprentissage automatique ou l'intelligence artificielle
H04L 43/08 - Surveillance ou test en fonction de métriques spécifiques, p. ex. la qualité du service [QoS], la consommation d’énergie ou les paramètres environnementaux
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to relay reselection. In an aspect, a first user device determines a fading area using information on at least one of an AOD, an AOA, a power of a signal received from a network node. Using a signal received from the at least one user device, the first user device determines at least one user device locating on the fading area. Then the first user device generates a list comprising the at least one user device locating on the fading area, the list indicating the at least one user device as a non-preferred candidate for a relay node of the relayed user device. After that, the first user device transmits the list to the network node. As such, in embodiments of the present disclosure, the first user device may facilitate the network node on selection of a relay node by directly measuring signals without external sensor assistance. Therefore, the quality of communication may be improved.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a preemption request and grant. In an aspect, a first device receives, from a second device, a preemption request for preemption of a transmission opportunity (TXOP) initiated by the first device. The first device determines whether to grant or reject the preemption of the TXOP. The first device performs an operation to inform the second device that the preemption of the TXOP is granted or rejected. In this way, low latency data frame transmission can be facilitated by preempting a TXOP in a negotiation manner with the TXOP holder.
H04W 72/512 - Critères d’affectation ou de planification des ressources sans fil sur la base des propriétés du terminal ou du dispositif lorsqu’un faible temps de latence est requis, p. ex. URLLC
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for smart thermal management. For example, a device is configured to obtain a temperature associated with a radio frequency (RF) unit of the device. The device is also configured to determine, for the RF unit, a muting tendency based on comparison between the temperature and at least one temperature threshold; and perform, based on the muting tendency, at least one of (i) a first muting operation of the RF unit based on a time unit, or (ii) a second muting operation to mute a part of transmitters (TX) of the RF unit. In this manner, the significant performance reduction caused by overheating can be avoided, and the complexity of the device is not required to increase.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure related to sensing mode switching. The first apparatus obtains first sensing configuration information related to at least one sensing event associated with a first sensing mode and a second sensing mode, and second sensing configuration information related to at least one of a first reference signal, RS, configuration associated with the first sensing mode or a second RS configuration associated with the second sensing mode. Further, the first apparatus performs at least one sensing service in the first sensing mode based on the first and second sensing configuration information, and switches from the first sensing mode to the second sensing mode when the at least one sensing event is detected in the first sensing mode.
A technical solution is provided, which allows Resource Blocks (RBs) or RB Groups (RBGs) to be scheduled simultaneously in frequency and spatial domains for UEs in a MU-MIMO-supported network. For this purpose, a list of UEs is obtained, for which available RBs or RBGs are to be scheduled for use in MU-MIMO layers for a target TTI. Each MU-MIMO layer is assigned to a different UE and comprises the available RBs or RBGs. Then, a data vector for each RB or RBG in each MU-MIMO layer is obtained. The data vector comprises frequency-specific information indicating a channel state of each of the UEs and a spatial correlation value indicating whether the UEs are spatially separable by using beamforming. Next, the RBs or RBGs are scheduled for the UEs for the TTI by using an ML model configured to receive the data vectors as input data and output a scheduling decision sequentially for each RB or RBG. Each scheduling decision indicates whether a certain RB or RBG is to be scheduled for one or more of the UEs.
09 - Appareils et instruments scientifiques et électriques
42 - Services scientifiques, technologiques et industriels, recherche et conception
Produits et services
Apparatus and instruments for conducting, switching, transforming, accumulating, regulating or controlling the distribution or use of electricity; apparatus and instruments for recording, transmitting, reproducing or processing data; computer software; Software and Application programming interface (API) in the field of energy production, distribution, management, storage, monitoring, planning and consumption; Software for creating simulations and digital copies of energy grids and energy resources; Software for the orchestration of energy grids and energy resources; downloadable electronic reports; Energy management software; Electric control devices for energy management; Apparatus for monitoring electrical energy consumption. Software-as-a-service (SaaS) and Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) in the field of energy production, distribution, management, storage, monitoring, planning and consumption; Design, development, installation, maintenance and updating of computer software in the field of energy production, distribution, management, storage, monitoring, planning and consumption; Providing temporary use of non-downloadable software for analyzing energy management data and generating reports; Design and development of computer hardware and software; Energy auditing; Energy performance testing of buildings; Consultancy and advisory services relating to energy efficiency and energy-saving; Computer programming for the energy industry; Research in the field of energy; design, development and programming of energy management software; Development of energy and power management systems; Design and development of energy distribution networks; Engineering services in the field of energy technology; Design and development of software for control, regulation and monitoring of energy systems; Providing temporary use of non-downloadable software for importing and managing data; Scientific and technological analysis, research, development, support, technical troubleshooting and consultancy services in the field of computer software and energy technologies; providing on-line [non-downloadable] software and mobile applications; providing temporary use of on-line non-downloadable software for use as an application programming interface (API); providing temporary use of on-line non-downloadable software development tools; rental of computer software; installation, repair and maintenance of computer software; performance monitoring services of electronic devices connected to a network of computers or of telecommunication equipment (Smart Data as a Service); collection, storage and provision of energy-related technological information, network data and geolocalisation data (Optimization as a Service); Predictive analytics services relating to computer software; Information, advisory, technical support and consultancy services relating to all the aforesaid services.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods, devices, apparatuses and computer readable storage medium of message enhancement in a random access procedure. In a method, a terminal device receives, from a network access device, first information regarding an enhanced transmission of a message associated with a random access procedure. The terminal device receives, based on the first information, the enhanced transmission of the message from the network access device during the random access procedure. In this way, the terminal device can be aware of the enhanced transmission of the message transmitted by the network device based on the first information. Thus, the random access procedure can be improved.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a proactive grant for preemption. In an aspect, a first device determines configuration information for a transmission opportunity (TXOP) initiated by the first device. The configuration information is to be used at least for determining whether a second device is allowed to preempt the TXOP. The first device transmits the configuration information to the second device within the TXOP. In this way, low latency data frame transmission can be improved by preempting a TXOP under a preemption grant.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to IP path reachability updating. In an aspect, a network device obtains Internet Protocol (IP) path status information from at least one entity of a first communication system, determines, based on the IP path status information, that a change to at least one IP path among a plurality of IP paths is required, each of the plurality of IP paths being for IP traffic forwarding within the first communication system, and based on determining that the change is required, updates IP path reachability information for the at least one IP path, the IP path reachability information indicating that one or more devices of a second communication system connected to at least one terminal device of the first communication system is reachable via the at least one IP path. The embodiments of the present disclosure can update IP path reachability information quickly and reliably.
The present discourse relates to wake-up charging. In particular, a sidelink wake-up signal (SL-WUS) that is used for waking up at least one Ambient/Passive IoT device over SL is associated with a broadcast SL wake-up charging message for initial wireless power transfer (WPT). That is, the SL-WUS is used not only for waking-up but also for triggering or requesting transmissions of the associated sidelink wake-up charging (SL-WUC) for the initial WPT. In this way, it can provide energy to the passive IoT devices during a wake-up procedure.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a network device, a method and a medium for triggering a release of a radio resource control connection. A network device monitors a timing advance (TA) value of a terminal device to determine whether the TA value exceeds a TA threshold. Based on determining that the TA value exceeds the TA threshold, the network device requests a network node to report location information of the terminal device. Based on determining that the terminal device is within a forbidden area based on the reported location information, the network device triggers a release of a radio resource control connection of the terminal device with the network device. With the embodiments in the present disclosure, the retainability key performance indicator impact can be reduced, and the influence on other users who may be in the area defined by a TA value can also be reduced.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an optical line terminal (OLT), an optical network unit (ONU), communication methods, communication apparatuses, and computer-readable media. In an exemplary method, the OLT determines an optical communication capability of the OLT which includes at least one of the following: at least two upstream wavelength options supported by the OLT, a passive optical network (PON) mode associated with the OLT, and an upstream modulation format used by the OLT. In the method, the OLT further transmits, to the ONU, at least one indicator indicating the optical communication capability. In this way, the OLT can negotiate the optical communication capability with the ONU, thus avoiding data transmission failures or performance degradation caused by device incompatibility.
Various example embodiments of a signal analysis capability are presented herein. The signal analysis capability may be configured to support analysis of a signal for determining the signal integrity of the signal, where the signal integrity of the signal corresponds to a set of one or more measures of the quality of an electrical signal (e.g., one or more signal integrity metrics indicative of the signal integrity of the signal). The signal analysis capability may be configured to support analysis of a signal for determining the signal integrity of the signal for various types of signals which may be communicated within various types of communication networks. The signal analysis capability may be configured to support analysis of a signal for determining the signal integrity of the signal where the signal may include various types of data traffic (e.g., live data traffic, user data traffic, test data traffic, or the like).
H04B 10/079 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmissionDispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal en service utilisant des mesures du signal de données
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to validation of a terminal device. In an aspect, a terminal device receives, when access stratum (AS) security is not used between the terminal device and an access network device, at least one random number from the access network device of a non-terrestrial network (NTN). The terminal device derives at least one key based on a non-access stratum (NAS) key of the terminal device and the at least one random number. The terminal device transmits, to the access network device, a radio resource control (RRC) message, wherein the RRC message is protected based on the at least one key. After validating the terminal device based on the RRC message protected based on the at least one key, the terminal device receives from the access network device a message related to the validating.
Method comprising: receiving, from a service consumer of a network digital twin, a request to provide an indication of a quality of the network digital twin; determining the quality of the network digital twin; providing the indication of the determined quality to the service consumer in response to the receiving the request, wherein the quality indicates how accurately the network digital twin represents a real network.
According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus configured to receive, from an access network comprised in a first cellular network, a first network slice identity of a first network slice which is accessible via the access network, determine, based on the first network slice identity, that the first network slice is, in part, serviced in a core network of a second cellular network, and provide to the access network a request for the apparatus to be registered on the first network slice.
According to an example embodiment, a network node device is configured to obtain measurement data of radio measurements from at least one client device; detect an outage and/or failure of the at least one client device during a first prediction period; based on the measurement data and the detected outage and/or the detected failure, train a prediction model to predict an outage and/or failure probability during a prediction period from measurement data of radio measurements; and provide the trained prediction model to the at least one client device.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage media of high-priority service initiation during network energy saving (NES). In the method, a first device causes initiation information to be provided from a non-access stratum to an access stratum, the initiation information regarding a high-priority service to be initiated in a connected mode. The first device further causes, based on the initiation information, an initiation of the high-priority service to be performed at the access stratum. In this way, the high-priority service can be initiated during the connected mode with NES activated.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to applying timing advance during random access procedure. The first apparatus determines that a high priority transmission is triggered in a cell configured with an energy saving mode. The first apparatus performs at least one of the following: if the cell does not support or does not allow an initiation of the high priority transmission in the energy saving mode, initiating an establishment procedure with another cell; transmitting a first indication to a second apparatus providing the cell, wherein the energy saving mode has been configured and the first indication indicates the high priority transmission; or starting the high priority transmission with the second apparatus in accordance with a determination that the cell allows the high priority transmission in the energy saving mode.
The present disclosure relates to sidelink radar spectrum sharing. In particular, a first apparatus obtains at least one first set of sensing parameters used by at least one first sensor. The at least one first sensor is collocated with the first apparatus. The first apparatus determines, based on the at least one first set of sensing parameters and a sidelink resource configuration of the first apparatus, a spectrum sharing configuration to perform a first sidelink transmission to at least one second apparatus by the first apparatus. In this way, it may reduce a shared frequency interference and improve potential carrier aggregation. Further, a better coordination on use of the shared frequency may be achieved between systems on the shared frequency.
A network device includes at least one processor and at least one memory. The memory stores instructions which, when executed by the processor(s), cause the network device at least to: access ambient IoT device deployment information for ambient IoT devices and user equipment apparatus (UE) deployment information for user equipment apparatuses (UEs); select, based on the ambient IoT device deployment information and the UE deployment information, candidate user equipment apparatuses (candidate UEs), from among the UEs, for providing backscattering service to ambient IoT devices; and iteratively select a subset of UEs, among the candidate UEs, to provide the backscattering service, where the iterative selecting is based at least on, for each iteration, at least one of: respective availability of the plurality of candidate UEs to provide the backscattering service, or at least one criterion relating to respective information in backscattering signals provided by the plurality of ambient IoT devices.
Devices, methods and computer programs for accelerating low-density parity-check (LDPC) decoding via scheduling are disclosed. At least some of the example embodiments described herein may allow reducing cost and improving power efficiency beyond that of semiconductor processor scaling currently used in accelerating LDPC decoding.
H03M 13/11 - Détection d'erreurs ou correction d'erreurs transmises par redondance dans la représentation des données, c.-à-d. mots de code contenant plus de chiffres que les mots source utilisant un codage par blocs, c.-à-d. un nombre prédéterminé de bits de contrôle ajouté à un nombre prédéterminé de bits d'information utilisant plusieurs bits de parité
H03M 13/39 - Estimation de séquence, c.-à-d. utilisant des méthodes statistiques pour la reconstitution des codes originaux
Apparatuses and methods for handover control are disclosed. Handover information reports are received from user equipment and a qualitative handover information report for input to a handover optimizer function is generated on the reports. The generating includes mapping failure cause information in the received handover information reports to sets of qualified failure types based on the extend of the failure causes. The qualitative handover information report including information of the generated sets of qualified failure types is signalled to the handover optimizer function. At least one handover parameter can be controlled based on the aggregated information of the sets of qualified failure types.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a beamforming solution for MIMO communication. The method implemented at a first device comprises: obtaining: a signature vector corresponding to a beam which is in a first direction from the first device to a second device, and a first channel covariance matrix associated with a transmission from the first device to the second device. The method further comprises generating, based on the signature vector and the first channel covariance matrix, a beamforming matrix to be used for the transmission from the first device to the second device. In this way, the accuracy of the beamforming matrix is improved and the calculation amount for the beamforming matrix is reduced.
H04B 7/06 - Systèmes de diversitéSystèmes à plusieurs antennes, c.-à-d. émission ou réception utilisant plusieurs antennes utilisant plusieurs antennes indépendantes espacées à la station d'émission
96.
CUPS BNG BASED PACKET FORWARDING SYSTEMS, METHODS AND NON-TRANSITORY COMPUTER-READABLE STORAGE MEDIUMS
A network element includes at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the network element to: designate a first user plane function, from among the plurality of user plane functions, as a designated broadcast forwarder from which to receive broadcast control traffic, and receive the broadcast control traffic forwarded from the first user plane function, from among the plurality of user plane functions.
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to AP recommendation. Upon discovery of a set of AP devices, a non-AP device transmits, to an AP device in the set of AP devices, a request for obtaining profile information of a further set of AP devices available for communication with the device. Based on the request, the AP device obtains the profile information of the further set of AP devices from a core network device, and transmits, to the non-AP device, a response comprising the profile information of the further set of AP devices. In this way, power consumption on client side may be reduced, back-and-forth re-association delay may be reduced significantly, and seamless roaming from cellular network to Wi-Fi may be facilitated.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an apparatus, an A-IoT device, an activator, methods, and a computer readable storage medium for power adjustment of PRS for A-IoT device positioning. In some embodiments, the LMF transmits a request for an energy harvesting state report to the A-IoT device, and further receives the energy harvesting state report from the A-IoT device. The LMF determines a power adjustment value for adjusting a transmission power of a PRS, and transmits an indication of the power adjustment value to the activator. As such, the activator may adjust the transmission power of the PRS based on the indication of the power adjustment value. Therefore, the transmission power of the PRS from the activator may be controlled by considering the energy harvesting state report from the A-IoT device, and a positioning of the A-IoT device may be guaranteed.
Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a lean mobility procedure. In an aspect, a terminal device transmits an uplink transmission to a network device; and starts an active period by starting a timer based on completing the uplink transmission to the network device, wherein the terminal device is configured to monitor a paging channel during the active period defined by the timer. In this way, the terminal device can take some procedures such as paging or data transmission only in the active period, to save energy.
A base station selects, in response to a location request for a UE, RIS(s) to use for positioning purposes for the UE. The base station performs a process with the selected RISs to determine information used to configure the UE with RS configuration for using the selected RIS(s) for the positioning purposes. The base station sends the RS configuration to the UE. An RIS receives signals including RSs to be used for positioning purposes for a UE. The RIS time stamps the signals with the RSs and reflects signals including the RSs and corresponding time stamps. A UE receives a reference signal configuration for using RIS(s), receives RSs based on the configuration, and receives signals comprising RSs that have been reflected from the RIS(s). The UE performs timing estimates based on the received signals and sends indication of the timing estimates toward the base station.
G01S 13/76 - Systèmes utilisant la reradiation d'ondes radio, p. ex. du type radar secondaireSystèmes analogues dans lesquels des signaux de type pulsé sont transmis
H04W 64/00 - Localisation d'utilisateurs ou de terminaux pour la gestion du réseau, p. ex. gestion de la mobilité
