Apparatus and process for producing hydrocarbons from biomass having a pyrolysis reactor (2) in which dry biomass (Bd) is heated in an environment substantially free from oxygen and halogens, a pyrolysis product (PP) and char (C) is produced, a gasification reactor (3) in which separated char (C) is heated in an environment containing steam (Wst) to reduce the char (C) to produce a synthesis gas (Sh), a gas cooler (4) in which the produced synthesis gas (Sh) is cooled to a cooled synthesis gas (Srt); a conditioning and pressure system (5) in which cooled synthesis gas (Srt) is refined to produce a purified synthesis gas (Sp), and a separation device (6) in which hydrogen gas (H2) is separated from purified synthesis gas (Sp). A hydrogenation device (7) into which pyrolysis oil (PO) retrieved from the pyrolysis product (PP) and separated hydrogen gas (H2) recuperated from the separation device (6) are introduced for hydrogenation in which pyrolysis oil (PO) is hydrogenated by the presence of hydrogen gas (H2), and hydrocarbons (BO) that are substantially free from oxygen are produced.
C10G 3/00 - Production de mélanges liquides d'hydrocarbures à partir de matières organiques contenant de l'oxygène, p. ex. huiles, acides gras
C10B 53/02 - Distillation destructive spécialement conçue pour des matières premières solides particulières ou sous forme spéciale de matières contenant de la cellulose
B01J 3/00 - Procédés utilisant une pression supérieure ou inférieure à la pression atmosphérique pour obtenir des modifications chimiques ou physiques de la matièreAppareils à cet effet
C10J 3/00 - Production de gaz contenant de l'oxyde de carbone et de l'hydrogène, p. ex. du gaz de synthèse ou du gaz de ville, à partir de matières carbonées solides par des procédés d'oxydation partielle faisant intervenir de l'oxygène ou de la vapeur
C10K 1/04 - Purification des gaz combustibles contenant de l'oxyde de carbone par refroidissement en vue de condenser les matières non gazeuses
B01J 19/18 - Réacteurs fixes avec éléments internes mobiles
2.
PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR HYDROTREATMENT OF PYROLYSIS OIL
An apparatus and process are disclosed for producing hydrocarbons from biomass, the apparatus comprising: a pyrolysis reactor (2) in which dry biomass (Bd) is heated in an environment substantially free from oxygen and halogens, wherein a pyrolysis product (PP) and char (C) is produced; a gasification reactor (3) in which the separated char (C) is heated in an environment containing steam (Wst) so as to reduce said char (C) to produce a synthesis gas (Sh), a gas cooler (4) in which the produced synthesis gas (Sh) is cooled to a cooled synthesis gas (Srt); a conditioning and pressure system (5), in which the cooled synthesis gas (Srt) is refined so as to produce a purified synthesis gas (Sp); a separation device (6), in which hydrogen gas (H2) is separated from the purified synthesis gas (Sp).The apparatus also comprises a hydrogenation device (7), into which pyrolysis oil (PO) retrieved from the pyrolysis product (PP), and at least a portion of the separated hydrogen gas (H2) recuperated from the separation device (6) are introduced for a hydrogenation step, in which the pyrolysis oil (PO) is hydrogenated by the presence of the hydrogen gas (H2), wherein hydrocarbons (BO) that are substantially free from oxygen are produced.
C10B 53/02 - Distillation destructive spécialement conçue pour des matières premières solides particulières ou sous forme spéciale de matières contenant de la cellulose
C01B 3/12 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par réaction de composés inorganiques comportant un hydrogène lié électropositivement, p. ex. de l'eau, des acides, des bases, de l'ammoniac, avec des agents réducteurs inorganiques par réaction de la vapeur d'eau avec l'oxyde de carbone
C01B 3/50 - Séparation de l'hydrogène ou des gaz contenant de l'hydrogène à partir de mélanges gazeux, p. ex. purification
C10G 45/00 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène
3.
Method and equipment for producing coke during indirectly heated gasification
Method and equipment for producing coke (PC) during indirectly heated gasification, in which coal particles are supplied to a gasification reactor (1) and process gas (P) supplied during the gasification is reduced in it to synthesis gas (S), whereby the synthesis gas (S) is removed from the gasification reactor (1). The method is distinguished in that at the same time a gasification takes place, a coking of coal takes place in an inner reactor (4) arranged inside the gasification reactor (1), that the inner reactor (4) is indirectly heated, that coke (PC) and combustible gases are produced in the inner reactor (4) during the coking, and that the combustible gases are used for the indirect heating in the gasification in the gasification reactor (1).
C10J 3/00 - Production de gaz contenant de l'oxyde de carbone et de l'hydrogène, p. ex. du gaz de synthèse ou du gaz de ville, à partir de matières carbonées solides par des procédés d'oxydation partielle faisant intervenir de l'oxygène ou de la vapeur
C10B 21/00 - Chauffage des fours à coke au moyen de gaz combustibles
C10B 47/18 - Distillation destructive des matières carbonées solides avec chauffage indirect, p. ex. par combustion externe avec charge mouvante
2O) that are cooled in the first or second heat exchanging means (7, 9; 15), means (11) to supply a process gas (P) from the gas purification unit (10) to the first heat exchanging means (7, 9), and a reduction shaft (12) to carry out reduction of the process gas (P) discharged from the first heat exchanging means (7, 9).
C01B 3/36 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par réaction de composés organiques gazeux ou liquides avec des agents gazéifiants, p. ex. de l'eau, du gaz carbonique, de l'air par réaction d'hydrocarbures avec des agents gazéifiants avec l'oxygène ou des mélanges contenant de l'oxygène comme agents gazéifiants
B01J 7/00 - Appareillage pour la production de gaz
C01B 6/24 - Hydrures contenant au moins deux métaux, p. ex. Li(AlH4)Leurs complexes d'addition
B01D 53/22 - Séparation de gaz ou de vapeursRécupération de vapeurs de solvants volatils dans les gazÉpuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p. ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par diffusion
B01D 53/02 - Séparation de gaz ou de vapeursRécupération de vapeurs de solvants volatils dans les gazÉpuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p. ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par adsorption, p. ex. chromatographie préparatoire en phase gazeuse
5.
Method and device for carbon injection and recirculation of synthesis gas when producing synthesis gas
Method and device for introducing pulverulent material (C) into a gasification reactor (2), wherein a process gas (P) supplied to a gasification reactor (2) is reduced to a synthesis gas (S) by the pulverulent material (C) and the pulverulent material (C) is introduced into the gasification reactor (2) via an inlet area, a negative pressure being generated in the inlet area for the pulverulent material (C) via a Laval nozzle (15) and the negative pressure being generated in that the process gas (P) passes through the Laval nozzle (15). The method is characterized in that the process gas (P) expands in a gasification space (5) in the gasification reactor (2).
The present invention relates to a method for producing coke (PC) during indirectly heated gasification, in which coal particles are supplied to a gasification reactor (1) and process gas (P) supplied during the gasification is reduced in it to synthesis gas (S), whereby the synthesis gas (S) is removed from the gasification reactor (1). The invention also relates to equipment for carrying out the method. The method in accordance with the present invention is distinguished in that at the same time a gasification takes place, a coking of coal takes place in an inner reactor (4) arranged inside the gasification reactor (1), that the inner reactor (4) is indirectly heated, that coke (PC) and combustible gases are produced in the inner reactor (4) during the coking, and that the combustible gases are used for the indirect heating in the gasification in the gasification reactor (1).
This invention relates to a method of introducing pulverulent material (C) into a gasification reactor (2), wherein a process gas (P) supplied to a gasification reactor (2) is reduced to a synthesis gas (S) by the pulverulent material (C) and the pulverulent material (C) is introduced into the gasification reactor (2) via an inlet area, a negative pressure being generated in the inlet area for the pulverulent material (C) via a Laval nozzle (15) and the negative pressure being generated in that the process gas (P) passes through the Laval nozzle (15). The invention also relates to a device for introducing pulverulent material (C) into a gasification reactor (2). The method according to this invention is characterised in that the process gas (P) expands in a gasification space (5) in the gasification reactor (2).
2O) from the gasification stage to a first heat exchange, wherein the outgoing gases are cooled; evaporating water with heat from outgoing gases; subjecting the steam to heat exchange wherein the steam is heated; reducing the steam to synthesis gas, wherein the synthesis gas is cooled and the air supply to the gasification is heated; separating the synthesis gas into a hydrogen stream and a carbon monoxide stream; reacting the carbon monoxide with water steam to carbon monoxide and hydrogen; separating also these secondary streams into a hydrogen stream and a carbon monoxide stream; and bringing together the primary and secondary hydrogen stream into a product stream.
C10J 3/46 - Gazéification des combustibles granuleux ou pulvérulents en suspension
C10J 3/00 - Production de gaz contenant de l'oxyde de carbone et de l'hydrogène, p. ex. du gaz de synthèse ou du gaz de ville, à partir de matières carbonées solides par des procédés d'oxydation partielle faisant intervenir de l'oxygène ou de la vapeur
C01B 6/24 - Hydrures contenant au moins deux métaux, p. ex. Li(AlH4)Leurs complexes d'addition
C10J 3/62 - Procédés avec retrait séparé des produits de la distillation
C10J 3/80 - Autres caractéristiques avec des aménagements pour le préchauffage du vent ou de la vapeur d'eau
C01B 3/16 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par réaction de composés inorganiques comportant un hydrogène lié électropositivement, p. ex. de l'eau, des acides, des bases, de l'ammoniac, avec des agents réducteurs inorganiques par réaction de la vapeur d'eau avec l'oxyde de carbone avec des catalyseurs
C10K 3/04 - Modification de la composition chimique des gaz combustibles contenant l'oxyde de carbone en vue de produire un carburant amélioré, p. ex. un carburant de pouvoir calorifique différent qui peut ne pas contenir d'oxyde de carbone par traitement catalytique réduisant le taux d'oxyde de carbone
B01D 53/22 - Séparation de gaz ou de vapeursRécupération de vapeurs de solvants volatils dans les gazÉpuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p. ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par diffusion
A method and equipment for producing synthesis gas (S) from solid carbon particles (C), the carbon particles (C) being obtained by pyrolysis, gasification of the carbon particles (C) occurs by indirect heating of the carbon particles (C) in the presence of a process gas (P) in the same space where the carbon particles (C) are present, and the synthesis gas (S) generated during the gasification is discharged from the space. The method is characterised in that the carbon particles (C) and the process gas (P) are located in a reactor (1), and the indirect heating occurs by way of radiant heat from burners (Br1-Brn) located in the reactor (1).
C10J 3/10 - Procédés en continu avec chauffage interne
C10J 3/58 - Production de gaz contenant de l'oxyde de carbone et de l'hydrogène, p. ex. du gaz de synthèse ou du gaz de ville, à partir de matières carbonées solides par des procédés d'oxydation partielle faisant intervenir de l'oxygène ou de la vapeur combiné avec une distillation préalable du combustible
10.
Process and equipment for producing synthesis gas from biomass
2O), subjecting the process gas (P) to heat exchange, where the process gas (P) is heated, reducing the process gas (P) to synthesis gas (S), subjecting the synthesis gas (S) to heat exchange, where the synthesis gas (S) is cooled and supply air to the gasification is heated.
C01B 3/36 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par réaction de composés organiques gazeux ou liquides avec des agents gazéifiants, p. ex. de l'eau, du gaz carbonique, de l'air par réaction d'hydrocarbures avec des agents gazéifiants avec l'oxygène ou des mélanges contenant de l'oxygène comme agents gazéifiants
C01B 6/24 - Hydrures contenant au moins deux métaux, p. ex. Li(AlH4)Leurs complexes d'addition
B01J 7/00 - Appareillage pour la production de gaz
B01D 53/22 - Séparation de gaz ou de vapeursRécupération de vapeurs de solvants volatils dans les gazÉpuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p. ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par diffusion
B01D 53/02 - Séparation de gaz ou de vapeursRécupération de vapeurs de solvants volatils dans les gazÉpuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p. ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par adsorption, p. ex. chromatographie préparatoire en phase gazeuse
11.
METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN GAS UTILIZING BIOMASS
The present invention concerns a method for producing hydrogen from biomass, wherein said method comprises the stages of drying of the biomass, gasification of the biomass, and water gas shift reaction. The invention also concerns a equipment for conducting the method of the present invention. It is essential to the present invention that the method comprises the additional stages: of subjecting the outgoing gases (CO2, N2 and H2O) from the gasification stage to a first heat exchange, wherein the outgoing gases (CO2, N2 and H2O) are cooled, of evaporating water with heat from outgoing gases, of subjecting the steam to heat exchange wherein the steam is heated, of reducing the steam to synthesis gas (S), wherein the synthesis gas (S) is cooled and the air supply to the gasification is heated, of separating the synthesis gas (S) into a hydrogen stream and a carbon monoxide stream, of reacting the carbon monoxide with water steam to carbon monoxide and hydrogen, of separating also these secondary streams into a hydrogen stream and a carbon monoxide stream, and of bringing together the primary and secondary hydrogen stream into a product stream.
C10J 3/00 - Production de gaz contenant de l'oxyde de carbone et de l'hydrogène, p. ex. du gaz de synthèse ou du gaz de ville, à partir de matières carbonées solides par des procédés d'oxydation partielle faisant intervenir de l'oxygène ou de la vapeur
The present invention deals with a method for producing synthesis gas (S) from solid carbon particles (C), said carbon particles (C) being obtained by pyrolysis, gasification of the carbon particles (C) occurs by indirect heating of the carbon particles (C) in presence of a process gas (P) in the same space where the carbon particles (C) are present, and the synthesis gas (S) generated during the gasification is discharged from said space. The invention also deals with an equipment for producing synthesis gas. The method of the present invention is characterised in that the carbon particles (C) and the process gas (P) are located in a reactor (1), and the indirect heating occurs by means of radiant heat from burners (Brl-Brn) located in the reactor (1).
The present invention relates to a process for producing synthesis gas (S) from biomass, said process comprising the steps of drying the biomass and gasifying the biomass. The invention also relates to an equipment to carry out the process according to the present invention. It is significant of the present invention that the process comprises the further steps: subjecting the outgoing gases (CO2, N2 and H2O) from the gasifying step to a first heat exchange, where the outgoing gases (CO2, N2 and H2O) are cooled, purifying the outgoing gases (CO2, N2 and H2O) to achieve a process gas (P), said purification being effected by eliminating nitrogen (N2) from the outgoing gases (CO2, N2 and H2O), subjecting the process gas (P) to heat exchange, where the process gas (P) is heated, reducing the process gas (P) to synthesis gas (S), subjecting the synthesis gas (S) to heat exchange, where the synthesis gas (S) is cooled and supply air to the gasification is heated.
C10J 3/58 - Production de gaz contenant de l'oxyde de carbone et de l'hydrogène, p. ex. du gaz de synthèse ou du gaz de ville, à partir de matières carbonées solides par des procédés d'oxydation partielle faisant intervenir de l'oxygène ou de la vapeur combiné avec une distillation préalable du combustible
brevets
