Processes, systems, and methods for producing combustible gas from wet biomass are provided. In one aspect, for example, a process for generating a combustible gas from a wet biomass in a closed system is provided. Such a process may include growing a wet biomass in a growth chamber, moving at least a portion of the wet biomass to a reactor, heating the portion of the wet biomass under high pressure in the reactor to gasify the wet biomass into a total gas component, separating the gasified component into a liquid component, a non-combustible gas component, and a combustible gas component, and introducing the liquid component and non-combustible gas component containing carbon dioxide into the growth chamber to stimulate new wet biomass growth.
A process for production of biofuels from algae can include cultivating an oil-producing algae by promoting sequential photoautotrophic and heterotrophic growth. The method can further include producing oil by heterotrophic growth of algae wherein the heterotrophic algae growth is achieved by introducing a sugar feed to the oil-producing algae. An algal oil can be extracted from the oil-producing algae, and can be converted to form biodiesel.
C11C 3/04 - Graisses, huiles ou acides gras obtenus par transformation chimique des graisses, huiles ou acides gras, p. ex. ozonolyse par estérification des graisses ou des huiles
C12M 1/00 - Appareillage pour l'enzymologie ou la microbiologie
C12P 7/06 - Éthanol en tant que produit chimique et non en tant que boisson alcoolique
C12P 7/64 - GraissesHuilesCires de type esterAcides gras supérieurs, c.-à-d. ayant une chaîne continue d'au moins sept atomes de carbone liée à un groupe carboxyleHuiles ou graisses oxydées
A process for production of biofuels from algae can include cultivating an oil-producing algae by promoting sequential photoautotrophic and heterotrophic growth. The method can further include producing oil by heterotrophic growth of algae wherein the heterotrophic algae growth is achieved by introducing a sugar feed to the oil-producing algae. An algal oil can be extracted from the oil-producing algae, and can be converted to form biodiesel.
C12P 7/64 - GraissesHuilesCires de type esterAcides gras supérieurs, c.-à-d. ayant une chaîne continue d'au moins sept atomes de carbone liée à un groupe carboxyleHuiles ou graisses oxydées
C10L 1/02 - Combustibles carbonés liquides à base essentielle de composants formés uniquement de carbone, d'hydrogène et d'oxygène
C10L 1/08 - Combustibles carbonés liquides à base essentielle de mélanges d'hydrocarbures pour allumage par compression
C10G 45/00 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures au moyen d'hydrogène ou de composés donneurs d'hydrogène
C12M 1/00 - Appareillage pour l'enzymologie ou la microbiologie
C12P 7/06 - Éthanol en tant que produit chimique et non en tant que boisson alcoolique
C11C 3/04 - Graisses, huiles ou acides gras obtenus par transformation chimique des graisses, huiles ou acides gras, p. ex. ozonolyse par estérification des graisses ou des huiles
A system and process are described for clean separation of biocrudes and water by-products from hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) product mixtures of organic and biomass containing feedstocks at elevated temperatures and pressures. Inorganic compound solids are removed prior to separation of biocrude and water by-product fractions to minimize formation of emulsions that impede separation. Separation may be performed at higher temperatures that reduce heat loss and need to cool product mixtures to ambient. The present invention thus achieves separation efficiencies not achieved in conventional HTL processing.
C10G 33/06 - Déshydratation ou désémulsification des huiles d'hydrocarbures par des moyens mécaniques, p. ex. par filtration
C11B 1/00 - Production des graisses ou huiles à partir de matières premières
C10G 1/06 - Production de mélanges liquides d'hydrocarbures à partir de schiste bitumineux, de sable pétrolifère ou de matières carbonées solides non fusibles ou similaires, p. ex. bois, charbon par hydrogénation destructive
C10G 3/00 - Production de mélanges liquides d'hydrocarbures à partir de matières organiques contenant de l'oxygène, p. ex. huiles, acides gras
5.
System and process for efficient separation of biocrudes and water in a hydrothermal liquefaction system
A system and process are described for clean separation of biocrudes and water by-products from hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) product mixtures of organic and biomass-containing feedstocks at elevated temperatures and pressures. Inorganic compound solids are removed prior to separation of biocrude and water by-product fractions to minimize formation of emulsions that impede separation. Separation may be performed at higher temperatures that reduce heat loss and need to cool product mixtures to ambient. The present invention thus achieves separation efficiencies not achieved in conventional HTL processing.
Processes, systems, and methods for producing combustible gas from wet biomass are provided. In one aspect, for example, a process for generating a combustible gas from a wet biomass in a closed system is provided. Such a process may include growing a wet biomass in a growth chamber, moving at least a portion of the wet biomass to a reactor, heating the portion of the wet biomass under high pressure in the reactor to gasify the wet biomass into a total gas component, separating the gasified component into a liquid component, a non-combustible gas component, and a combustible gas component, and introducing the liquid component and non-combustible gas component containing carbon dioxide into the growth chamber to stimulate new wet biomass growth.
C12P 5/02 - Préparation des hydrocarbures acycliques
C01B 3/50 - Séparation de l'hydrogène ou des gaz contenant de l'hydrogène à partir de mélanges gazeux, p. ex. purification
C01B 3/06 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par réaction de composés inorganiques comportant un hydrogène lié électropositivement, p. ex. de l'eau, des acides, des bases, de l'ammoniac, avec des agents réducteurs inorganiques
C10L 3/06 - Gaz naturelGaz naturel de synthèse obtenu par des procédés non prévus dans , ou
The present invention provides aquatic biomass having enhanced growth and methods for selecting and growing a mix of aquatic organisms to maximize production of such a biomass. In one aspect, for example, a method of enhancing aquatic biomass growth is provided. Such a method can include preselecting at least two organisms selected from the group consisting of an algae mixture, a cyanobacteria mixture, and a diatom mixture, combining the at least two organisms at a growth enhancing ratio in a growth environment, and growing the at least two organisms as an aquatic biomass under environmental conditions in the growth environment that further enhance biomass growth, wherein the aquatic biomass growth is synergistic.
C12N 1/00 - Micro-organismes, p. ex. protozoairesCompositions les contenantProcédés de culture ou de conservation de micro-organismes, ou de compositions les contenantProcédés de préparation ou d'isolement d'une composition contenant un micro-organismeLeurs milieux de culture
C12N 1/12 - Algues unicellulairesLeurs milieux de culture
9.
Methods for sulfate removal in liquid-phase catalytic hydrothermal gasification of biomass
Processing of wet biomass feedstock by liquid-phase catalytic hydrothermal gasification must address catalyst fouling and poisoning. One solution can involve heating the wet biomass with a heating unit to a pre-treatment temperature sufficient for organic constituents in the feedstock to decompose, for precipitates of inorganic wastes to form, for preheating the wet feedstock in preparation for subsequent removal of soluble sulfate contaminants, or combinations thereof. Processing further includes reacting the soluble sulfate contaminants with cations present in the feedstock material to yield a sulfate-containing precipitate and separating the inorganic precipitates and/or the sulfate-containing precipitates out of the wet feedstock. Having removed much of the inorganic wastes and the sulfate contaminants that can cause poisoning and fouling, the wet biomass feedstock can be exposed to the heterogeneous catalyst for gasification.
C01B 3/38 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par réaction de composés organiques gazeux ou liquides avec des agents gazéifiants, p. ex. de l'eau, du gaz carbonique, de l'air par réaction d'hydrocarbures avec des agents gazéifiants avec des catalyseurs
B09B 3/00 - Destruction de déchets solides ou transformation de déchets solides en quelque chose d'utile ou d'inoffensif
C10L 5/44 - Combustibles solides à base essentielle de matières d'origine non minérale de matières végétales
B01J 39/02 - Procédés utilisant des échangeurs inorganiques
C10B 53/02 - Distillation destructive spécialement conçue pour des matières premières solides particulières ou sous forme spéciale de matières contenant de la cellulose
B01J 23/78 - Catalyseurs contenant des métaux, oxydes ou hydroxydes métalliques non prévus dans le groupe du cuivre ou des métaux du groupe du fer en combinaison avec des métaux, oxydes ou hydroxydes prévus dans les groupes avec des métaux alcalins ou alcalino-terreux ou du béryllium
Processing of wet biomass feedstock by liquid-phase catalytic hydrothermal gasification must address catalyst fouling and poisoning. One solution can involve heating the wet biomass with a heating unit to a pre-treatment temperature sufficient for organic constituents in the feedstock to decompose, for precipitates of inorganic wastes to form, for preheating the wet feedstock in preparation for subsequent removal of soluble sulfate contaminants, or combinations thereof. Processing further includes reacting the soluble sulfate contaminants with cations present in the feedstock material to yield a sulfate-containing precipitate and separating the inorganic precipitates and/or the sulfate-containing precipitates out of the wet feedstock. Having removed much of the inorganic wastes and the sulfate contaminants that can cause poisoning and fouling, the wet biomass feedstock can be exposed to the heterogeneous catalyst for gasification.
Processing of wet biomass feedstock by liquid-phase catalytic hydrothermal gasification must address catalyst fouling and poisoning. One solution can involve heating the wet biomass with a heating unit to a pre-treatment temperature sufficient for organic constituents in the feedstock to decompose, for precipitates of inorganic wastes to form, for preheating the wet feedstock in preparation for subsequent removal of soluble sulfate contaminants, or combinations thereof. Processing further includes reacting the soluble sulfate contaminants with cations present in the feedstock material to yield a sulfate-containing precipitate and separating the inorganic precipitates and/or the sulfate-containing precipitates out of the wet feedstock. Having removed much of the inorganic wastes and the sulfate contaminants that can cause poisoning and fouling, the wet biomass feedstock can be exposed to the heterogeneous catalyst for gasification.
C01B 3/38 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par réaction de composés organiques gazeux ou liquides avec des agents gazéifiants, p. ex. de l'eau, du gaz carbonique, de l'air par réaction d'hydrocarbures avec des agents gazéifiants avec des catalyseurs
C01B 3/24 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par décomposition de composés organiques gazeux ou liquides d'hydrocarbures
12.
Two-stage process for producing oil from microalgae
A process for production of biofuels from algae can include cultivating an oil-producing algae by promoting sequential photoautotrophic and heterotrophic growth. The method can further include producing oil by heterotrophic growth of algae wherein the heterotrophic algae growth is achieved by introducing a sugar feed to the oil-producing algae. An algal oil can be extracted from the oil-producing algae, and can be converted to form biodiesel.
Processes, systems, and methods for producing combustible gas from wet biomass are provided. In one aspect, for example, a process for generating a combustible gas from a wet biomass in a closed system is provided. Such a process may include growing a wet biomass in a growth chamber, moving at least a portion of the wet biomass to a reactor, heating the portion of the wet biomass under high pressure in the reactor to gasify the wet biomass into a total gas component, separating the gasified component into a liquid component, a non-combustible gas component, and a combustible gas component, and introducing the liquid component and non-combustible gas component containing carbon dioxide into the growth chamber to stimulate new wet biomass growth.
A process for production of biofuels from algae can include cultivating an oil-producing algae, extracting the algal oil, and converting the algal oil to form biodiesel. Extracting the algal oil from the oil-producing algae can include biologically rupturing cell wall and oil vesicles of the oil-producing algae using at least one enzyme such as a cellulose or glycoproteinase, a structured enzyme system such as a cellulosome, a virus, or combination of these materials.
A process for production of biofuels from biomass can include depolymerizing a biomass to form a feed. The feed can be formed by autotrophically growing algal biomass and extracting the feed therefrom. The algal feed can be converted to an algal oil by introducing the algal feed to an oil-producing algae under growth conditions sufficient to encourage formation of algal oil within the oil-producing algae. The algal oil can be extracted from the oil-producing algae and can further be converted to biodiesel.
C12P 7/10 - Éthanol en tant que produit chimique et non en tant que boisson alcoolique préparé comme sous-produit, ou préparé à partir d'un substrat constitué par des déchets ou par des matières cellulosiques d'un substrat constitué par des matières cellulosiques
A process for production of biofuels from algae can include cultivating an oil- producing algae by promoting sequential photoautotrophic and heterotrophic growth. The method can further include producing oil by heterotrophic growth of algae wherein the heterotrophic algae growth is achieved by introducing a sugar feed to the oil- producing algae. An algal oil can be extracted from the oil-producing algae, and can be converted to form biodiesel.
A method for cultivating algae can include providing a body of water in a substantially enclosed system. The enclosed system can have a length of channel and a cover. The method can optionally include circulating the body of water through the enclosed system under positive pressure conditions. The positive pressure should prevent ingress of any external atmosphere or material. Further, the method can include cultivating the algae in the body of water at conditions which promote growth. Likewise, a system for cultivating algae can include a channel with a cover, water in the channel, and a pump to introduce positive pressure into the system.
A method for cultivating algae can include providing a body of water in a substantially enclosed system. The enclosed system can have a length of channel and a cover. The method can optionally include circulating the body of water through the enclosed system under positive pressure conditions. The positive pressure should prevent ingress of any external atmosphere or material. Further, the method can include cultivating the algae in the body of water at conditions which promote growth. Likewise, a system for cultivating algae can include a channel with a cover, water in the channel, and a pump to introduce positive pressure into the system.
A process for production of biofuels from algae can include cultivating an oil-producing algae by promoting sequential photoautotrophic and heterotrophic growth. The method can further include producing oil by heterotrophic growth of algae wherein the heterotrophic algae growth is achieved by introducing a sugar feed to the oil-producing algae. An algal oil can be extracted from the oil-producing algae, and can be converted to form biodiesel.
01 - Produits chimiques destinés à l'industrie, aux sciences ainsi qu'à l'agriculture
04 - Huiles et graisses industrielles; lubrifiants; combustibles
40 - Traitement de matériaux; recyclage, purification de l'air et traitement de l'eau
Produits et services
Chemicals used in industry; chemicals used in the fuel industry; biological products, organisms and micro-organisms used in the fuel industry; cultures of micro-organisms for fuel treatment; chemicals for fuel treatment; organisms for use in fuel reactions; biological products for use in fuel reactions; biological products for fuel treatment. Industrial oils and greases; lubricants; dust absorbing, wetting and binding compositions; fuels (including motor spirit) and illuminants; candles and wicks for lighting; biofuels and processed byproducts of biofuels; electrical energy; additives, non-chemical, to motor-fuel. Treatment of materials; fuel processing services; fuel treatment services; material treatment information; production of energy; water treating.
